Due to their biocompatibility,low operating voltage,and substantial signal amplification capability,ion-selective organic electrochemical transistors(IS-OECTs)show tremendous potential for biofluid-related ion detecti...Due to their biocompatibility,low operating voltage,and substantial signal amplification capability,ion-selective organic electrochemical transistors(IS-OECTs)show tremendous potential for biofluid-related ion detections.However,IS-OECT performances are severely limited by the nonlinear correlation of effective ion-selective membranes(ISMs)potential and effective gate bias demonstrating maximum transconductance(g_(m)),which results in tremendously unstable and degraded current sensitivity(S_(1))in wide ion concentration ranges.Here,by introducing gate bias modulation to ensure the IS-OECTs yield consistent high gm in all ion concentration subranges,a wider detection range and an ultrahigh sensitivity can be simultaneously achieved.Specifically,ascribed to the gate bias modulated from 0.7 to 0.95 V,Ca^(2+)and NH_(4)^(+)-IS-OECTs based on small footprint(640µm^(2))n-type vertical OECTs(vOECTs)possess approximately 3 mA/dec over a wide ionic range of 10^(−5)to 10^(−1)M,respectively,which is the highest SI when compared to ever reported for Ca^(2+)and NH_(4)^(+)ion-sensitive transistors.This work introduces a general approach for ultrahigh sensitivity and wide detection range IS-OECTs,and could be extended to other transistor-based biomolecule and ion sensors,offering valuable insights for advancing high-performance bioelectronics.展开更多
A single-mode laser noise model driven by quadratic colored pump noise and biased amplitude modulationsignal is proposed.The analytic expression of signal-to-noise ratio is calculated by using a new linearized procedu...A single-mode laser noise model driven by quadratic colored pump noise and biased amplitude modulationsignal is proposed.The analytic expression of signal-to-noise ratio is calculated by using a new linearized procedure.Itis found that there are three different typies of stochastic resonance in the model:the conventional form of stochasticresonance,the stochastic resonance in the broad sense,and the bona fide SR.展开更多
The effect on intensity correlation time T by input signal is studied for gain-noise model of a single-mode laser driven by colored pump noise and colored quantum noise with colored cross-correlation with a bias signa...The effect on intensity correlation time T by input signal is studied for gain-noise model of a single-mode laser driven by colored pump noise and colored quantum noise with colored cross-correlation with a bias signal modulation in this paper. By using the linear approximation method, we detect that there exists maximum （i.e., resonance） in the curve of the intensity correlation time T upon bias current io when the noise correlation coefficient λ is positive; and there exists minimum （i.e., suppression） in the T-io curve when λ is negative. And whenλ is zero, T increases monotonously with increasing io. Furthermore, the curve of T upon the signal frequency Ω is also studied. Our study shows that no matter what the value of λ is, there exists minimum （i.e., suppression） in the T-Ω curve.展开更多
By using the linear approximation method, the intensity correlation function is calculated for a single-mode laser modulated by a bias signal and driven by colored pump and quantum noises with colored cross-correlatio...By using the linear approximation method, the intensity correlation function is calculated for a single-mode laser modulated by a bias signal and driven by colored pump and quantum noises with colored cross-correlation. We found that, when the correlation time between the two noises is very short, the behavior of the intensity correlation function versus the time, in addition to decreasing monotonously, also exhibits several cases, such as one maximum, one minimum, and two extrema. When the correlation time between the two noises is very long, the behavior of the intensity correlation function exhibits oscillation and the envelope is similar to the case of short cross-correlation time.展开更多
Defining the quantity K as the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） and the normalized intensity fluctuation C（O） of a single-mode laser for bias signal modulation driven by color noises with colored correlation, the whole...Defining the quantity K as the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） and the normalized intensity fluctuation C（O） of a single-mode laser for bias signal modulation driven by color noises with colored correlation, the whole output properties of the laser system is described by K. It is found that there is a maximum in the curves of K versus D, Q, and io. The optimization parameters are gained.展开更多
A remarkable study by Guo et al.,published in Cell,suggests a compelling new direction for improving pain management:biased allosteric modulation of the neurotensin receptor 1(NTSR1),using the drug-like molecule SBI-8...A remarkable study by Guo et al.,published in Cell,suggests a compelling new direction for improving pain management:biased allosteric modulation of the neurotensin receptor 1(NTSR1),using the drug-like molecule SBI-810,promotesβ-arrestin2(βarr2)recruitment while avoiding canonical G protein signaling–thereby providing robust analgesia across a plethora of rodent models of both acute and chronic pain without impairing motor function,cognition,or causing opioid-like dependency.1,2 SBI-810 is introduced as a highly promising molecule underscoring the therapeutic potential of biased and allosteric G protein-coupled receptor(GPCR)ligands to address an urgent unmet medical need.展开更多
Coherent passive optical network(PON)is a promising architecture that offers high sensitivity and support for advanced modulation formats.However,fully coherent systems have high complexity and cost,making them unsuit...Coherent passive optical network(PON)is a promising architecture that offers high sensitivity and support for advanced modulation formats.However,fully coherent systems have high complexity and cost,making them unsuitable for cost-sensitive user-end applications.Additionally,in coherent access architectures,the lasers of optical network units(ONUs)in the upstream are typically kept on rather than being switched off to avoid wavelength drift,with the Mach–Zehnder modulators(MZMs)biased at the null point for modulation.However,the limited extinction ratio(ER)of the MZM introduces direct current(DC)leakage,which degrades system performance and limits the number of users the network can support.To address this issue,we design and fabricate the first silicon-photonics-based ultimate-simplified coherent-optics chip for ONU.The simplified transmitter employs a single MZM combined with a high-speed optical switch(OS),while the simplified receiver adopts a hybrid and a standalone photodetector(PD)for coherent detection with Alamouti coding.By integrating the OS,the upstream achieves a maximum ER of 63.93 d B,while the OS switching speed meets the guard interval requirements of PON systems.Compared to a traditional single MZM with a 26 d B ER,our design achieves an additional 37.93 d B improvement,which significantly increases the user capacity in PON systems.Comprehensive experiments were conducted to validate the proposed design.Ultimately,leveraging this ultimate-simplified coherent-optics chip,a 100 Gbps bidirectional transmission was successfully demonstrated with a power budget exceeding 29 d Bm,verifying its feasibility and cost-effectiveness for next-generation coherent optical access networks.展开更多
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFB3211600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62303094,62273073)+7 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC2411800,2022YFE0134800)the Key R&D Program of Henan Province of China(251111221700)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(20230024080002)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2025ZNSFSC0515)the Chengdu Science Technology Bureau(2023-YF06-00028-HZ)the Key Research Project of the Henan Educational Committee of China(24A413001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(ZYGX2024XJ029)sponsored by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZB20230116,2024M750343)。
文摘Due to their biocompatibility,low operating voltage,and substantial signal amplification capability,ion-selective organic electrochemical transistors(IS-OECTs)show tremendous potential for biofluid-related ion detections.However,IS-OECT performances are severely limited by the nonlinear correlation of effective ion-selective membranes(ISMs)potential and effective gate bias demonstrating maximum transconductance(g_(m)),which results in tremendously unstable and degraded current sensitivity(S_(1))in wide ion concentration ranges.Here,by introducing gate bias modulation to ensure the IS-OECTs yield consistent high gm in all ion concentration subranges,a wider detection range and an ultrahigh sensitivity can be simultaneously achieved.Specifically,ascribed to the gate bias modulated from 0.7 to 0.95 V,Ca^(2+)and NH_(4)^(+)-IS-OECTs based on small footprint(640µm^(2))n-type vertical OECTs(vOECTs)possess approximately 3 mA/dec over a wide ionic range of 10^(−5)to 10^(−1)M,respectively,which is the highest SI when compared to ever reported for Ca^(2+)and NH_(4)^(+)ion-sensitive transistors.This work introduces a general approach for ultrahigh sensitivity and wide detection range IS-OECTs,and could be extended to other transistor-based biomolecule and ion sensors,offering valuable insights for advancing high-performance bioelectronics.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.10275025
文摘A single-mode laser noise model driven by quadratic colored pump noise and biased amplitude modulationsignal is proposed.The analytic expression of signal-to-noise ratio is calculated by using a new linearized procedure.Itis found that there are three different typies of stochastic resonance in the model:the conventional form of stochasticresonance,the stochastic resonance in the broad sense,and the bona fide SR.
文摘The effect on intensity correlation time T by input signal is studied for gain-noise model of a single-mode laser driven by colored pump noise and colored quantum noise with colored cross-correlation with a bias signal modulation in this paper. By using the linear approximation method, we detect that there exists maximum （i.e., resonance） in the curve of the intensity correlation time T upon bias current io when the noise correlation coefficient λ is positive; and there exists minimum （i.e., suppression） in the T-io curve when λ is negative. And whenλ is zero, T increases monotonously with increasing io. Furthermore, the curve of T upon the signal frequency Ω is also studied. Our study shows that no matter what the value of λ is, there exists minimum （i.e., suppression） in the T-Ω curve.
文摘By using the linear approximation method, the intensity correlation function is calculated for a single-mode laser modulated by a bias signal and driven by colored pump and quantum noises with colored cross-correlation. We found that, when the correlation time between the two noises is very short, the behavior of the intensity correlation function versus the time, in addition to decreasing monotonously, also exhibits several cases, such as one maximum, one minimum, and two extrema. When the correlation time between the two noises is very long, the behavior of the intensity correlation function exhibits oscillation and the envelope is similar to the case of short cross-correlation time.
基金Key Project of Education Bureau of Hubei Province of China
文摘Defining the quantity K as the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） and the normalized intensity fluctuation C（O） of a single-mode laser for bias signal modulation driven by color noises with colored correlation, the whole output properties of the laser system is described by K. It is found that there is a maximum in the curves of K versus D, Q, and io. The optimization parameters are gained.
基金funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)under DFG DE 1546/12-1(M.D.),559839626(M.D.),and 538291523(S.A.M.S.)funding from Ghent University BOF program grant number BOF23/PDO/073funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
文摘A remarkable study by Guo et al.,published in Cell,suggests a compelling new direction for improving pain management:biased allosteric modulation of the neurotensin receptor 1(NTSR1),using the drug-like molecule SBI-810,promotesβ-arrestin2(βarr2)recruitment while avoiding canonical G protein signaling–thereby providing robust analgesia across a plethora of rodent models of both acute and chronic pain without impairing motor function,cognition,or causing opioid-like dependency.1,2 SBI-810 is introduced as a highly promising molecule underscoring the therapeutic potential of biased and allosteric G protein-coupled receptor(GPCR)ligands to address an urgent unmet medical need.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB2905700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62171137,62235005)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipality(24ZR1490500)。
文摘Coherent passive optical network(PON)is a promising architecture that offers high sensitivity and support for advanced modulation formats.However,fully coherent systems have high complexity and cost,making them unsuitable for cost-sensitive user-end applications.Additionally,in coherent access architectures,the lasers of optical network units(ONUs)in the upstream are typically kept on rather than being switched off to avoid wavelength drift,with the Mach–Zehnder modulators(MZMs)biased at the null point for modulation.However,the limited extinction ratio(ER)of the MZM introduces direct current(DC)leakage,which degrades system performance and limits the number of users the network can support.To address this issue,we design and fabricate the first silicon-photonics-based ultimate-simplified coherent-optics chip for ONU.The simplified transmitter employs a single MZM combined with a high-speed optical switch(OS),while the simplified receiver adopts a hybrid and a standalone photodetector(PD)for coherent detection with Alamouti coding.By integrating the OS,the upstream achieves a maximum ER of 63.93 d B,while the OS switching speed meets the guard interval requirements of PON systems.Compared to a traditional single MZM with a 26 d B ER,our design achieves an additional 37.93 d B improvement,which significantly increases the user capacity in PON systems.Comprehensive experiments were conducted to validate the proposed design.Ultimately,leveraging this ultimate-simplified coherent-optics chip,a 100 Gbps bidirectional transmission was successfully demonstrated with a power budget exceeding 29 d Bm,verifying its feasibility and cost-effectiveness for next-generation coherent optical access networks.
