AIM: To investigate the diagnostic utility of beta 2 microglobulin (B2-M) levels and analyze this correlation with the activity of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
BACKGROUND Poor glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is often accompanied by multiple complications,including diabetic nephropathy(DN),diabetic retinopathy(DR),diabetic peripheral neuropath...BACKGROUND Poor glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is often accompanied by multiple complications,including diabetic nephropathy(DN),diabetic retinopathy(DR),diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN),and cardiac structural abnormality left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH).Early identification of high-risk populations for these complications and the implementation of intervention measures are crucial for improving patient outcomes.Serum alpha-1-microglobulin(α1-MG),a multifunctional protein synthesized by the liver and lymphocytes,has been considered a potential biomarker of diabetes-related diseases in recent years.AIM To investigate the associations of serumα1-MG with DN,DR,DPN,and LVH in T2DM patients and its predictive value.METHODS This retrospective study included 5045 T2DM patients.The study participants were stratified into quartiles according to their serumα1-MG levels.Multivariate logistic regression,restricted cubic spline,and explainable machine learning models were employed for risk assessment and feature importance evaluation.RESULTS Increasedα1-MG levels were observed in patients with DN,DR,DPN,and LVH(all P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression revealed that each standard deviation increase inα1-MG was associated with an 84%increase in DN risk(OR:1.84,95%CI:1.62-2.10,P<0.001),a 17%increase in DR risk(OR:1.17,95%CI:1.07-1.28,P<0.001),a 14%increase in DPN risk(OR:1.14,95%CI:1.03-1.27,P=0.014),and a 28%increase in LVH risk(OR:1.28,95%CI:1.18-1.38,P<0.001).Subgroup analyses and machine learning confirmed the associations of elevatedα1-MG with these complications in T2DM patients.CONCLUSION Elevated serumα1-MG levels were independently associated with increased risks of DN,DR,DPN,and LVH in T2DM patients,suggesting its potential as a predictive biomarker.展开更多
Objective Patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection frequently develop central nervous system damage,yet the mechanisms driving this pathology remain unclear.This study investi...Objective Patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection frequently develop central nervous system damage,yet the mechanisms driving this pathology remain unclear.This study investigated the primary pathways and key factors underlying brain tissue damage induced by the SARS-CoV-2 beta variant(lineage B.1.351).Methods K18-hACE2 and C57BL/6 mice were intranasally infected with the SARS-CoV-2 beta variant.Viral replication,pathological phenotypes,and brain transcriptomes were analyzed.Gene Ontology(GO)analysis was performed to identify altered pathways.Expression changes of host genes were verified using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.Results Pathological alterations were observed in the lungs of both mouse strains.However,only K18-hACE2 mice exhibited elevated viral RNA loads and infectious titers in the brain at 3 days post-infection,accompanied by neuropathological injury and weight loss.GO analysis of infected K18-hACE2 brain tissue revealed significant dysregulation of genes associated with innate immunity and antiviral defense responses,including type I interferons,pro-inflammatory cytokines,Toll-like receptor signaling components,and interferon-stimulated genes.Neuroinflammation was evident,alongside activation of apoptotic and pyroptotic pathways.Furthermore,altered neural cell marker expression suggested viral-induced neuroglial activation,resulting in caspase 4 and lipocalin 2 release and disruption of neuronal molecular networks.Conclusion These findings elucidate mechanisms of neuropathogenicity associated with the SARS-CoV-2 beta variant and highlight therapeutic targets to mitigate COVID-19-related neurological dysfunction.展开更多
Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))frequently coexist with volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in exhaust gas.The competitive adsorption of SO_(2) and VOCs can adversely affect the efficiency of catalytic combustion,leading to catalys...Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))frequently coexist with volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in exhaust gas.The competitive adsorption of SO_(2) and VOCs can adversely affect the efficiency of catalytic combustion,leading to catalyst poisoning and irreversible loss of activity.To investigate the impact of sulfur poisoning on the catalysts,we prepared the MnO_(2)/Beta zeolite,and a corresponding series of sulfur-poisoned catalysts through in-situ thermal decomposition of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4).The decrease in toluene catalytic activity of poisoned MnO_(2)/Beta zeolite primarily results from the conversion of the active species MnO_(2) to MnSO_(4).However,the crystal structure and the porous structure of MnO_(2)/Beta zeolite were stable,and original structure was still maintained when 1.6%(mass)sulfur species were introduced.Furthermore,the extra-framework Al of Beta zeolite could capture sulfur species to generate Al2(SO_(4))_(3),thereby reducing sulfur species from reacting with Mn^(4+) active sites.The combination of sulfur and Beta zeolite was found to directly produce new strong-acid sites,thus effectively compensating for the effect of reduced Mn4+active species on the catalytic activity.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the hook effect in the detection of beta2-microglobulin(β2-MG)with different reagents as well as on two fully automated biochemical analyzers and their solutions.Methods:Using immunoturbidime...Objective:To investigate the hook effect in the detection of beta2-microglobulin(β2-MG)with different reagents as well as on two fully automated biochemical analyzers and their solutions.Methods:Using immunoturbidimetric assay forβ2-MG as the research object,β2-MG levels were detected by different concentration gradients ofβ2-microglobulin samples in Liedemann,Mack,and Myriad reagents of three manufacturers on two automatic biochemical analyzers,and the difference of the hook effect was comparatively analyzed.Results:Leadman reagent showed the hook effect on the Beckman AU5800 automated biochemistry analyzer,while both Maccura and Mindray reagents did not show the hook effect.After the experiments,we found the limit value of the pre-zone check of Leadman reagent,and changed the parameters of the instrument,when the limit value of the pre-zone check was reached,the instrument automatically diluted the specimen five times and then detected it again.After changing the parameters of the instrument,the correlation between the three methods of detecting samples of different concentrations was r>0.99.Conclusion:Before selecting the application of immunoturbidimetric reagents,we have to carry out the risk assessment of the hook effect and selectively set the parameters of the pre-zone check based on the highest concentration that may occur in the clinic;for the items that may have the hook effect,we have to selectively set the parameters of the pre-zone check when the ratio of average reaction rate and the immediate reaction rate is at the limit value,and the phenomenon of antigen excess may occur,the instrument will carry out automatic dilution before detection,so as to avoid the issuance of erroneous results of high-value samples due to the hook effect.展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate the diagnostic utility of beta 2 microglobulin (B2-M) levels and analyze this correlation with the activity of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
文摘BACKGROUND Poor glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is often accompanied by multiple complications,including diabetic nephropathy(DN),diabetic retinopathy(DR),diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN),and cardiac structural abnormality left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH).Early identification of high-risk populations for these complications and the implementation of intervention measures are crucial for improving patient outcomes.Serum alpha-1-microglobulin(α1-MG),a multifunctional protein synthesized by the liver and lymphocytes,has been considered a potential biomarker of diabetes-related diseases in recent years.AIM To investigate the associations of serumα1-MG with DN,DR,DPN,and LVH in T2DM patients and its predictive value.METHODS This retrospective study included 5045 T2DM patients.The study participants were stratified into quartiles according to their serumα1-MG levels.Multivariate logistic regression,restricted cubic spline,and explainable machine learning models were employed for risk assessment and feature importance evaluation.RESULTS Increasedα1-MG levels were observed in patients with DN,DR,DPN,and LVH(all P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression revealed that each standard deviation increase inα1-MG was associated with an 84%increase in DN risk(OR:1.84,95%CI:1.62-2.10,P<0.001),a 17%increase in DR risk(OR:1.17,95%CI:1.07-1.28,P<0.001),a 14%increase in DPN risk(OR:1.14,95%CI:1.03-1.27,P=0.014),and a 28%increase in LVH risk(OR:1.28,95%CI:1.18-1.38,P<0.001).Subgroup analyses and machine learning confirmed the associations of elevatedα1-MG with these complications in T2DM patients.CONCLUSION Elevated serumα1-MG levels were independently associated with increased risks of DN,DR,DPN,and LVH in T2DM patients,suggesting its potential as a predictive biomarker.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3041500).
文摘Objective Patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection frequently develop central nervous system damage,yet the mechanisms driving this pathology remain unclear.This study investigated the primary pathways and key factors underlying brain tissue damage induced by the SARS-CoV-2 beta variant(lineage B.1.351).Methods K18-hACE2 and C57BL/6 mice were intranasally infected with the SARS-CoV-2 beta variant.Viral replication,pathological phenotypes,and brain transcriptomes were analyzed.Gene Ontology(GO)analysis was performed to identify altered pathways.Expression changes of host genes were verified using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.Results Pathological alterations were observed in the lungs of both mouse strains.However,only K18-hACE2 mice exhibited elevated viral RNA loads and infectious titers in the brain at 3 days post-infection,accompanied by neuropathological injury and weight loss.GO analysis of infected K18-hACE2 brain tissue revealed significant dysregulation of genes associated with innate immunity and antiviral defense responses,including type I interferons,pro-inflammatory cytokines,Toll-like receptor signaling components,and interferon-stimulated genes.Neuroinflammation was evident,alongside activation of apoptotic and pyroptotic pathways.Furthermore,altered neural cell marker expression suggested viral-induced neuroglial activation,resulting in caspase 4 and lipocalin 2 release and disruption of neuronal molecular networks.Conclusion These findings elucidate mechanisms of neuropathogenicity associated with the SARS-CoV-2 beta variant and highlight therapeutic targets to mitigate COVID-19-related neurological dysfunction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21577094)the Zhejiang Public Welfare Technology Research Project(LGG19B070003).
文摘Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))frequently coexist with volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in exhaust gas.The competitive adsorption of SO_(2) and VOCs can adversely affect the efficiency of catalytic combustion,leading to catalyst poisoning and irreversible loss of activity.To investigate the impact of sulfur poisoning on the catalysts,we prepared the MnO_(2)/Beta zeolite,and a corresponding series of sulfur-poisoned catalysts through in-situ thermal decomposition of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4).The decrease in toluene catalytic activity of poisoned MnO_(2)/Beta zeolite primarily results from the conversion of the active species MnO_(2) to MnSO_(4).However,the crystal structure and the porous structure of MnO_(2)/Beta zeolite were stable,and original structure was still maintained when 1.6%(mass)sulfur species were introduced.Furthermore,the extra-framework Al of Beta zeolite could capture sulfur species to generate Al2(SO_(4))_(3),thereby reducing sulfur species from reacting with Mn^(4+) active sites.The combination of sulfur and Beta zeolite was found to directly produce new strong-acid sites,thus effectively compensating for the effect of reduced Mn4+active species on the catalytic activity.
基金Baoding Science and Technology Bureau(2141ZF313)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the hook effect in the detection of beta2-microglobulin(β2-MG)with different reagents as well as on two fully automated biochemical analyzers and their solutions.Methods:Using immunoturbidimetric assay forβ2-MG as the research object,β2-MG levels were detected by different concentration gradients ofβ2-microglobulin samples in Liedemann,Mack,and Myriad reagents of three manufacturers on two automatic biochemical analyzers,and the difference of the hook effect was comparatively analyzed.Results:Leadman reagent showed the hook effect on the Beckman AU5800 automated biochemistry analyzer,while both Maccura and Mindray reagents did not show the hook effect.After the experiments,we found the limit value of the pre-zone check of Leadman reagent,and changed the parameters of the instrument,when the limit value of the pre-zone check was reached,the instrument automatically diluted the specimen five times and then detected it again.After changing the parameters of the instrument,the correlation between the three methods of detecting samples of different concentrations was r>0.99.Conclusion:Before selecting the application of immunoturbidimetric reagents,we have to carry out the risk assessment of the hook effect and selectively set the parameters of the pre-zone check based on the highest concentration that may occur in the clinic;for the items that may have the hook effect,we have to selectively set the parameters of the pre-zone check when the ratio of average reaction rate and the immediate reaction rate is at the limit value,and the phenomenon of antigen excess may occur,the instrument will carry out automatic dilution before detection,so as to avoid the issuance of erroneous results of high-value samples due to the hook effect.
