Amphidinium species are amongst the most abundant benthic dinoflagellates in marine intertidal sandy ecosystems.Some of them are able to produce a variety of bioactive compounds that can have both harmful effects and ...Amphidinium species are amongst the most abundant benthic dinoflagellates in marine intertidal sandy ecosystems.Some of them are able to produce a variety of bioactive compounds that can have both harmful effects and pharmaceutical potentials.The diversity of Amphidinium in shallow waters along the Chinese coast was investigated by isolating single cells from sand,coral,and macroalgal samples collected from 2012 to 2020.Their morphologies were subjected to examination using light microscopy(LM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).A total of 74 Amphidinium strains were morphologically identified,belonging to 11 species:A.carterae,A.gibbosum,A.operculatum,A.massartii,A.cf.massartii,A.fijiensis,A.pseudomassartii,A.steinii,A.thermaeum,A.theodori,A.tomasii,as well as an undefined species.The last seven species have not been previously reported in Chinese waters.Amphidinium carterae subcladesⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅣwere found in the South China Sea,while subcladeⅢwas only found in the Yellow Sea.Threadlike body scales were observed on the surface of subcladesⅢ and Ⅳ,supporting the idea that A.carterae might contain several different species.Large subunit ribosomal RNA(LSU rRNA)sequencesbased phylogeny revealed two groups(GroupsⅠandⅡ)within Amphidinium,which is consistent with the relative position of sulcus(in touch with cingulum or not).In addition,large differences in morphology and molecular phylogeny between A.operculatum(the type species of Amphidinium)and other species,suggest that a subdivision of Amphidinium might be needed.The pigment profiles of all available strains were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Eleven pigments,including peridinin,diadinoxanthin,diatoxanthin,pheophorbide(and pheophorbide a),antheraxanthin,β-carotene,and four different chlorophylls were detected.The high pheophorbide/pheophorbide a ratio in Amphidinium implies that it may be a good candidate as a natural source of photosensitizers,a well-known anticancer drug.展开更多
基金Supported by the Scientifi c Research Foundation of Third Institute of Oceanography,MNR(No.2017023)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41806154,41876173,42076144)+1 种基金the Special Foundation for National Science and Technology Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2018FY100200,2018FY100100)the Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(No.311021004)。
文摘Amphidinium species are amongst the most abundant benthic dinoflagellates in marine intertidal sandy ecosystems.Some of them are able to produce a variety of bioactive compounds that can have both harmful effects and pharmaceutical potentials.The diversity of Amphidinium in shallow waters along the Chinese coast was investigated by isolating single cells from sand,coral,and macroalgal samples collected from 2012 to 2020.Their morphologies were subjected to examination using light microscopy(LM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).A total of 74 Amphidinium strains were morphologically identified,belonging to 11 species:A.carterae,A.gibbosum,A.operculatum,A.massartii,A.cf.massartii,A.fijiensis,A.pseudomassartii,A.steinii,A.thermaeum,A.theodori,A.tomasii,as well as an undefined species.The last seven species have not been previously reported in Chinese waters.Amphidinium carterae subcladesⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅣwere found in the South China Sea,while subcladeⅢwas only found in the Yellow Sea.Threadlike body scales were observed on the surface of subcladesⅢ and Ⅳ,supporting the idea that A.carterae might contain several different species.Large subunit ribosomal RNA(LSU rRNA)sequencesbased phylogeny revealed two groups(GroupsⅠandⅡ)within Amphidinium,which is consistent with the relative position of sulcus(in touch with cingulum or not).In addition,large differences in morphology and molecular phylogeny between A.operculatum(the type species of Amphidinium)and other species,suggest that a subdivision of Amphidinium might be needed.The pigment profiles of all available strains were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Eleven pigments,including peridinin,diadinoxanthin,diatoxanthin,pheophorbide(and pheophorbide a),antheraxanthin,β-carotene,and four different chlorophylls were detected.The high pheophorbide/pheophorbide a ratio in Amphidinium implies that it may be a good candidate as a natural source of photosensitizers,a well-known anticancer drug.
