The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of norm-consciousness and resilience on the prevention of youth risk behaviors among Japanese high school students. Data of a national survey, Japan Youth Risk B...The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of norm-consciousness and resilience on the prevention of youth risk behaviors among Japanese high school students. Data of a national survey, Japan Youth Risk Behavior Survey 2011, was used for this analysis. The subjects were 9778 students (5027 males, 4751 females) in grades 10-12 in 102 schools randomly selected from among high schools throughout Japan. When multiple regression analysis was carried out using four subdomains of norm-consciousness and three subdomains of resilience as the independent variables and nine risk behaviors as the dependent variables, the subdomains of norm-consciousness showed significant positive standardized partial regression coefficients for eight risk behaviors for both males and females. In particular, “current alcohol use” and “ever had sexual intercourse” showed the largest standardized partial regression coefficients for the norm-consciousness in school, and “current cigarette use” showed that for the norm-consciousness in community. The subdomains of resilience showed significant positive standardized partial regression coefficients for five risk behaviors for males and for six those for females. The results of this study suggest that the norm-consciousness is an important protective factor to comprehensively prevent risk behaviors among Japanese adolescents. It is expected to be effective to enhance the norm-consciousness particularly in school and community. In addition, resilience should also be emphasized as a factor to prevent specific risk behaviors.展开更多
With a Critical Discourse Analysis approach, this essay reveals four types of discourses: discourse of examination, instruction, technology and regulation. Based on the analysis of power relation among those discourse...With a Critical Discourse Analysis approach, this essay reveals four types of discourses: discourse of examination, instruction, technology and regulation. Based on the analysis of power relation among those discourses, a vivid picture of teachers' identity at training-school has been clearly sketched. That is, teacher at training-school is a puppet acting as not only the transmitter of specific knowledge, but also the supervisor of rules and spokesman of institution.展开更多
生育意愿是预测生育行为的关键因素,诸多研究探讨了计划行为理论(Theory of Planned Behavior,TPB)在预测生育意愿中的作用,但其结论尚不一致。为检验TPB理论在解释生育意愿中的适用性,本研究采用了随机效应模型对纳入的33项研究(包括12...生育意愿是预测生育行为的关键因素,诸多研究探讨了计划行为理论(Theory of Planned Behavior,TPB)在预测生育意愿中的作用,但其结论尚不一致。为检验TPB理论在解释生育意愿中的适用性,本研究采用了随机效应模型对纳入的33项研究(包括128个效应值、共47923个被试)进行三水平元分析。结果表明:TPB变量均与生育意愿显著相关,其中态度与生育意愿的关系最强(r^(+)=0.41),其次是主观规范(r^(+)=0.30)和感知行为控制(r^(+)=0.23)。TPB与生育意愿的相关强度受研究对象的性别、生育经历和社会经济背景的调节,但不受个体−集体主义文化背景、时间框架的调节。本研究澄清了TPB变量与生育意愿之间的关系,为开发生育意愿提升方案与建设生育友好型社会提供了一定的学理支撑。展开更多
文摘The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of norm-consciousness and resilience on the prevention of youth risk behaviors among Japanese high school students. Data of a national survey, Japan Youth Risk Behavior Survey 2011, was used for this analysis. The subjects were 9778 students (5027 males, 4751 females) in grades 10-12 in 102 schools randomly selected from among high schools throughout Japan. When multiple regression analysis was carried out using four subdomains of norm-consciousness and three subdomains of resilience as the independent variables and nine risk behaviors as the dependent variables, the subdomains of norm-consciousness showed significant positive standardized partial regression coefficients for eight risk behaviors for both males and females. In particular, “current alcohol use” and “ever had sexual intercourse” showed the largest standardized partial regression coefficients for the norm-consciousness in school, and “current cigarette use” showed that for the norm-consciousness in community. The subdomains of resilience showed significant positive standardized partial regression coefficients for five risk behaviors for males and for six those for females. The results of this study suggest that the norm-consciousness is an important protective factor to comprehensively prevent risk behaviors among Japanese adolescents. It is expected to be effective to enhance the norm-consciousness particularly in school and community. In addition, resilience should also be emphasized as a factor to prevent specific risk behaviors.
文摘With a Critical Discourse Analysis approach, this essay reveals four types of discourses: discourse of examination, instruction, technology and regulation. Based on the analysis of power relation among those discourses, a vivid picture of teachers' identity at training-school has been clearly sketched. That is, teacher at training-school is a puppet acting as not only the transmitter of specific knowledge, but also the supervisor of rules and spokesman of institution.
文摘生育意愿是预测生育行为的关键因素,诸多研究探讨了计划行为理论(Theory of Planned Behavior,TPB)在预测生育意愿中的作用,但其结论尚不一致。为检验TPB理论在解释生育意愿中的适用性,本研究采用了随机效应模型对纳入的33项研究(包括128个效应值、共47923个被试)进行三水平元分析。结果表明:TPB变量均与生育意愿显著相关,其中态度与生育意愿的关系最强(r^(+)=0.41),其次是主观规范(r^(+)=0.30)和感知行为控制(r^(+)=0.23)。TPB与生育意愿的相关强度受研究对象的性别、生育经历和社会经济背景的调节,但不受个体−集体主义文化背景、时间框架的调节。本研究澄清了TPB变量与生育意愿之间的关系,为开发生育意愿提升方案与建设生育友好型社会提供了一定的学理支撑。
