The basic geological engineering and geological survey is a work of practical significance. On the one hand, it is the key to ensure the construction quality of the project. Only when we have a certain grasp of the ge...The basic geological engineering and geological survey is a work of practical significance. On the one hand, it is the key to ensure the construction quality of the project. Only when we have a certain grasp of the geological conditions of the project, can we make full use of various technologies to build high-quality projects;on the other hand, it has a direct impact on the progress of the project, if not on the project. If we have a certain understanding of the geological conditions of the project, in the process of construction, there are bound to be all kinds of emergencies, serious rework and even crisis of personal and property safety, which will greatly affect the progress of the project and increase the cost of the project. From this, we can see the importance of basic geological engineering and geological survey. Next, the article discusses the application of basic geological survey technology in geotechnical engineering.展开更多
As natural gas exploration expands to deep,ultra-deep and unconventional areas,more and more complex exploration targets are encountered.In this circumstance,it is necessary to improve the existing basic natural gas g...As natural gas exploration expands to deep,ultra-deep and unconventional areas,more and more complex exploration targets are encountered.In this circumstance,it is necessary to improve the existing basic natural gas geological theories for guiding the exploration and discovery of more giant gas fields.In this paper,the researches on basic natural gas geological theories since the beginning of the 12th Five-Year Plan were engaged,and then the key exploration target zones were analyzed.Some results were obtained.(1)The theory of whole-process hydrocarbon generation of organic matters was improved and the geologic theories of organic matter hydrocarbon generation(e.g.the thermal evolution model of kerogen degradation and the successive gas generation of organic matters)were developed.(2)Multi-element natural gas genesis identification method,quantitative evaluation method for different types of seals/caprocks,tight sandstone gas accumulation theory for low hydrocarbon generation intensity region,and hydrocarbon accumulation theory for giant ancient carbonate gas field were established,and the geological theories of gas generation,genesis identification and hydrocarbon accumulation were developed to provide the effective guidance for the exploration breakthrough and discovery of giant gas fields in the key basins of China recently.Four conclusions were reached:(1)ancient carbonate rock,tight sandstone,foreland region,shale and volcanic rock are primary exploration targets for discovering giant gas fields;(2)craton and foreland basins are still the key exploration areas,and ancient uplift,gentle slope and thrust belt are the main enrichment zones;(3)ancient strata and deep formations are critical gas exploration targets in the future;(4)oil cracking gas in marine basins,tight sandstone gas and shale gas are the important replacement resources for future gas reserves and production growth.展开更多
文摘The basic geological engineering and geological survey is a work of practical significance. On the one hand, it is the key to ensure the construction quality of the project. Only when we have a certain grasp of the geological conditions of the project, can we make full use of various technologies to build high-quality projects;on the other hand, it has a direct impact on the progress of the project, if not on the project. If we have a certain understanding of the geological conditions of the project, in the process of construction, there are bound to be all kinds of emergencies, serious rework and even crisis of personal and property safety, which will greatly affect the progress of the project and increase the cost of the project. From this, we can see the importance of basic geological engineering and geological survey. Next, the article discusses the application of basic geological survey technology in geotechnical engineering.
基金supported by the National Major Science and Technology Project(No.2016ZX05007-003)Type“A”Special Strategic Pilot Science and Technology Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA14010403)PetroChina Special Major Science and Technology Project(No.2016B-0601).
文摘As natural gas exploration expands to deep,ultra-deep and unconventional areas,more and more complex exploration targets are encountered.In this circumstance,it is necessary to improve the existing basic natural gas geological theories for guiding the exploration and discovery of more giant gas fields.In this paper,the researches on basic natural gas geological theories since the beginning of the 12th Five-Year Plan were engaged,and then the key exploration target zones were analyzed.Some results were obtained.(1)The theory of whole-process hydrocarbon generation of organic matters was improved and the geologic theories of organic matter hydrocarbon generation(e.g.the thermal evolution model of kerogen degradation and the successive gas generation of organic matters)were developed.(2)Multi-element natural gas genesis identification method,quantitative evaluation method for different types of seals/caprocks,tight sandstone gas accumulation theory for low hydrocarbon generation intensity region,and hydrocarbon accumulation theory for giant ancient carbonate gas field were established,and the geological theories of gas generation,genesis identification and hydrocarbon accumulation were developed to provide the effective guidance for the exploration breakthrough and discovery of giant gas fields in the key basins of China recently.Four conclusions were reached:(1)ancient carbonate rock,tight sandstone,foreland region,shale and volcanic rock are primary exploration targets for discovering giant gas fields;(2)craton and foreland basins are still the key exploration areas,and ancient uplift,gentle slope and thrust belt are the main enrichment zones;(3)ancient strata and deep formations are critical gas exploration targets in the future;(4)oil cracking gas in marine basins,tight sandstone gas and shale gas are the important replacement resources for future gas reserves and production growth.
