The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana （Balsamo） Vuillemin and predatory mite Neoseiulus barked Hughes are effective biological control agents of Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande （Thysanoptera： Thripida...The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana （Balsamo） Vuillemin and predatory mite Neoseiulus barked Hughes are effective biological control agents of Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande （Thysanoptera： Thripidae）, one of the most important pests of ornamentals and vegetables world-wide. Combined application of both may enhance control efficiency. The functional response for N. barked on the first instar larvae of western flower thrips which were infected by B. bassiana for 12 and 24 h in the laboratory （（25＋1）℃, （70＋5）% RH, L：D=16 h：8 h） was determined. The virulence of B. bassiana against the second instar and pupae of the thrips attacked by N. barked were also tested. The results showed that N. barked exhibited a Holling type II functional response on treated thrips. After having been treated with the fungus for 12 h and then offered to the predator, thrips were more vulnerable to be killed by N. barked. The second instar larvae and pupae of the thrips which had been attacked by predatory mites were markedly more susceptible to B. bassiana infection than normal thrips; the cumulative corrected mortality of B. bassiana of the second instar and pupae which were attacked by N. barked were 57 and 94%, respectively, compared to 35 and 80% in controls on the day 8. These findings highlight the potential use of B. bassiana in combination with N. barkeri to control F. occidentalis.展开更多
利用半人工光合系统(非光合微生物-纳米半导体生物杂化体系)将二氧化碳转化为高热值的甲烷有助于缓解全球温室效应和能源危机.作为生物杂化体系的关键组分,纳米半导体颗粒的结构及性质显著影响生物杂化体系的性能.本研究以油菜花粉为原...利用半人工光合系统(非光合微生物-纳米半导体生物杂化体系)将二氧化碳转化为高热值的甲烷有助于缓解全球温室效应和能源危机.作为生物杂化体系的关键组分,纳米半导体颗粒的结构及性质显著影响生物杂化体系的性能.本研究以油菜花粉为原料,成功构建Methanosarcina barkeri-天然碳基半导体生物杂化体系(M. barkeriNCS),并将其应用于二氧化碳还原产甲烷过程.结果表明,所制备的天然碳基半导体具有可见光响应好、孔体积大等优势.在可见光(1.0±0.2 mW/cm2)照射下, M. barkeri-NCS生物杂化体系具有良好的光电性能,其甲烷产量最高可达51±4.5μmol/g.实时荧光定量多聚合酶链式反应结果进一步显示, M. barkeri膜结合氢酶和细胞色素相关基因表达显著上调,尤其是EchB(2.47±0.25倍)和VhtC(2.83±0.15倍),这表明这些基因在生物杂化体系光生电子传递-捕获-利用过程中起着关键作用.该研究结果有望为构建高效的半人工光合系统提供理论支撑.展开更多
本文测定了5株球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana对西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis 1龄若虫的致病力,获得3株毒力较高的菌株:TL-7、SZ-15和RSB,在1×108孢子?mL?1浓度下的西花蓟马1龄若虫死亡率分别为90.8%、92.5%和100%;结合测定...本文测定了5株球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana对西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis 1龄若虫的致病力,获得3株毒力较高的菌株:TL-7、SZ-15和RSB,在1×108孢子?mL?1浓度下的西花蓟马1龄若虫死亡率分别为90.8%、92.5%和100%;结合测定的致死时间与致死浓度,得出菌株RSB为最优菌株(LT50为2.383d,LC50为1.53×103孢子?mL?1)。以西花蓟马1龄若虫为猎物,测定菌株RSB对其天敌巴氏钝绥螨Amblyseius barkeri的影响。结果表明:用菌株RSB(1×107孢子?mL?1)处理的巴氏钝绥螨可发育为成螨;发育历期、雌成螨寿命和平均每雌每天产卵量分别为5.9d、33.850d和1.78粒,与对照均差异不显著,说明西花蓟马的高效白僵菌菌株RSB对其天敌巴氏钝绥螨不存在显著的负面影响。本文结果表明白僵菌可在田间与巴氏钝绥螨协同控制重大外来入侵害虫西花蓟马。展开更多
基金supported by the Special Fund for AgroScientific Research in the Public Interest, China (200903032)National Modern Agricultural Science and Technology City Industry of Beijing, China (Z121100001212006)
文摘The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana （Balsamo） Vuillemin and predatory mite Neoseiulus barked Hughes are effective biological control agents of Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande （Thysanoptera： Thripidae）, one of the most important pests of ornamentals and vegetables world-wide. Combined application of both may enhance control efficiency. The functional response for N. barked on the first instar larvae of western flower thrips which were infected by B. bassiana for 12 and 24 h in the laboratory （（25＋1）℃, （70＋5）% RH, L：D=16 h：8 h） was determined. The virulence of B. bassiana against the second instar and pupae of the thrips attacked by N. barked were also tested. The results showed that N. barked exhibited a Holling type II functional response on treated thrips. After having been treated with the fungus for 12 h and then offered to the predator, thrips were more vulnerable to be killed by N. barked. The second instar larvae and pupae of the thrips which had been attacked by predatory mites were markedly more susceptible to B. bassiana infection than normal thrips; the cumulative corrected mortality of B. bassiana of the second instar and pupae which were attacked by N. barked were 57 and 94%, respectively, compared to 35 and 80% in controls on the day 8. These findings highlight the potential use of B. bassiana in combination with N. barkeri to control F. occidentalis.
文摘利用半人工光合系统(非光合微生物-纳米半导体生物杂化体系)将二氧化碳转化为高热值的甲烷有助于缓解全球温室效应和能源危机.作为生物杂化体系的关键组分,纳米半导体颗粒的结构及性质显著影响生物杂化体系的性能.本研究以油菜花粉为原料,成功构建Methanosarcina barkeri-天然碳基半导体生物杂化体系(M. barkeriNCS),并将其应用于二氧化碳还原产甲烷过程.结果表明,所制备的天然碳基半导体具有可见光响应好、孔体积大等优势.在可见光(1.0±0.2 mW/cm2)照射下, M. barkeri-NCS生物杂化体系具有良好的光电性能,其甲烷产量最高可达51±4.5μmol/g.实时荧光定量多聚合酶链式反应结果进一步显示, M. barkeri膜结合氢酶和细胞色素相关基因表达显著上调,尤其是EchB(2.47±0.25倍)和VhtC(2.83±0.15倍),这表明这些基因在生物杂化体系光生电子传递-捕获-利用过程中起着关键作用.该研究结果有望为构建高效的半人工光合系统提供理论支撑.
文摘本文测定了5株球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana对西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis 1龄若虫的致病力,获得3株毒力较高的菌株:TL-7、SZ-15和RSB,在1×108孢子?mL?1浓度下的西花蓟马1龄若虫死亡率分别为90.8%、92.5%和100%;结合测定的致死时间与致死浓度,得出菌株RSB为最优菌株(LT50为2.383d,LC50为1.53×103孢子?mL?1)。以西花蓟马1龄若虫为猎物,测定菌株RSB对其天敌巴氏钝绥螨Amblyseius barkeri的影响。结果表明:用菌株RSB(1×107孢子?mL?1)处理的巴氏钝绥螨可发育为成螨;发育历期、雌成螨寿命和平均每雌每天产卵量分别为5.9d、33.850d和1.78粒,与对照均差异不显著,说明西花蓟马的高效白僵菌菌株RSB对其天敌巴氏钝绥螨不存在显著的负面影响。本文结果表明白僵菌可在田间与巴氏钝绥螨协同控制重大外来入侵害虫西花蓟马。
