The increasing need for efficient,sustainable,and environmentally friendly adsorbent materials has driven interest in bio-based alternatives.Conventional silica-based adsorbents,while effective,are often brittle and e...The increasing need for efficient,sustainable,and environmentally friendly adsorbent materials has driven interest in bio-based alternatives.Conventional silica-based adsorbents,while effective,are often brittle and energy-intensive to produce.In contrast,wood offers a renewable and low-energy option with natural porosity suitable for adsorption.This study investigated the fabrication of wood sponge from tropical balsa(Ochroma bicolor)and pulai(Alstonia scholaris)wood through a dual-stage delignification process as a novel bio-based adsorbent.The process involved alkaline treatment using sodium sulfite(Na_(2)SO_(3))and sodium hydroxide(NaOH)at 100℃for 8,9,and 10 h,followed by bleaching process using hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))at 100℃for 1,2,and 3 h.The treated samples were then rinsed to neutral pH,frozen at−20℃for 24 h,and freeze-dried at−50℃for 48 h.The results revealed a notable reduction in density and specific gravity,accompanied by increased weight loss and pore diameter size with prolonged delignification process.Optical changes showed increased translucency and layered structures,particularly in balsa wood.FTIR analysis confirmed a reduction in lignin and hemicellulose content,validating the chemical modification within the treated samples.The resulting wood sponges exhibited good porosity and adsorption capacity,ranging from 1.3 to 5.7 g/g.The optimal treatment—10 h of alkaline delignification followed by 3 h of H_(2)O_(2)bleaching—demonstrated the highest performance,highlighting the potential of tropical wood species as efficient,biodegradable,and eco-friendly adsorbent materials.展开更多
The forest investment projects,analyzed through the application of simulation techniques,allow measuring more accurately the benefits or losses,considering the systemic uncertainties related to forest plantation.In th...The forest investment projects,analyzed through the application of simulation techniques,allow measuring more accurately the benefits or losses,considering the systemic uncertainties related to forest plantation.In this perspective,the objective of this study was to identify the relative importance of sources of uncertainties in determining the net present value(NPV)of planting of Ochroma pyramidale on a forested property located in the state of S?o Paulo,Brazil.Thus,it assigns probability distributions to the parameters with uncertainties and applies the Monte Carlo technique to obtain the stochastic behavior of the NPV,of the modified internal rate of return(MIRR)and the profitability index(PI).The probabilistic results of the quantitative methods analyzed allowed us to conclude that for the planting O.pyramidale,with 5-year cutting age,indicated economic profitability.In addition,there is a probability that 84.6%of the project will add economic value to the invested capital.展开更多
基金This work was supported by Riset dan Inovasi untuk Indonesia Maju(RIIM)Kompetisi scheme(Grant number:48/II.7/HK/2025)RP ORNM 2025,National Collaborative Research/RiNa(No.499/2023)Penelitian Dosen Pemula grant from the Ministry of Higher Education,Science and Technology,Republic of Indonesia(1483az/IT9.2.1/PT.01.03/2025).
文摘The increasing need for efficient,sustainable,and environmentally friendly adsorbent materials has driven interest in bio-based alternatives.Conventional silica-based adsorbents,while effective,are often brittle and energy-intensive to produce.In contrast,wood offers a renewable and low-energy option with natural porosity suitable for adsorption.This study investigated the fabrication of wood sponge from tropical balsa(Ochroma bicolor)and pulai(Alstonia scholaris)wood through a dual-stage delignification process as a novel bio-based adsorbent.The process involved alkaline treatment using sodium sulfite(Na_(2)SO_(3))and sodium hydroxide(NaOH)at 100℃for 8,9,and 10 h,followed by bleaching process using hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))at 100℃for 1,2,and 3 h.The treated samples were then rinsed to neutral pH,frozen at−20℃for 24 h,and freeze-dried at−50℃for 48 h.The results revealed a notable reduction in density and specific gravity,accompanied by increased weight loss and pore diameter size with prolonged delignification process.Optical changes showed increased translucency and layered structures,particularly in balsa wood.FTIR analysis confirmed a reduction in lignin and hemicellulose content,validating the chemical modification within the treated samples.The resulting wood sponges exhibited good porosity and adsorption capacity,ranging from 1.3 to 5.7 g/g.The optimal treatment—10 h of alkaline delignification followed by 3 h of H_(2)O_(2)bleaching—demonstrated the highest performance,highlighting the potential of tropical wood species as efficient,biodegradable,and eco-friendly adsorbent materials.
文摘The forest investment projects,analyzed through the application of simulation techniques,allow measuring more accurately the benefits or losses,considering the systemic uncertainties related to forest plantation.In this perspective,the objective of this study was to identify the relative importance of sources of uncertainties in determining the net present value(NPV)of planting of Ochroma pyramidale on a forested property located in the state of S?o Paulo,Brazil.Thus,it assigns probability distributions to the parameters with uncertainties and applies the Monte Carlo technique to obtain the stochastic behavior of the NPV,of the modified internal rate of return(MIRR)and the profitability index(PI).The probabilistic results of the quantitative methods analyzed allowed us to conclude that for the planting O.pyramidale,with 5-year cutting age,indicated economic profitability.In addition,there is a probability that 84.6%of the project will add economic value to the invested capital.
