BACKGROUND Auditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs)are believed to be characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia.The prevalence of AVHs in deaf patients with schizophrenia is comparable to that in patients with schizophreni...BACKGROUND Auditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs)are believed to be characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia.The prevalence of AVHs in deaf patients with schizophrenia is comparable to that in patients with schizophrenia who have normal hearing ability.AVHs in deaf patients with schizophrenia require treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 22-year-old deaf woman with schizophrenia had experienced AVHs for 3 months.Her psychotic symptoms were not alleviated by antipsychotic medication alone.Modified electroconvulsive therapy in combination with antipsychotic drugs effectively alleviated her AVHs and disorganized behavior.During outpatient follow-up for 6 months,her condition have remained stable,and she has been able to take care of herself.CONCLUSION Treatment with modified electroconvulsive therapy was found to be safe and might be indicated for deaf patients whose symptoms are not well managed with antipsychotic medication alone.Deaf people might be unable to communicate through spoken language;therefore,to make proper diagnoses and provide appropriate treatment for these patients,psychiatrists must have patience and seek to understand patients’mental state.展开更多
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric condition with complex symptomatology,including debilitating auditory hallucinations.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been explored as an adjunctive tr...BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric condition with complex symptomatology,including debilitating auditory hallucinations.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been explored as an adjunctive treatment to alleviate such symptoms.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia.METHODS Adhering to PRISMA guidelines,we systematically searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library on September 19,2023,for randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia,with no language or time restrictions.We included studies that compared tDCS with a control condition and reported clinically relevant outcomes.Data extraction and quality assessments were performed by independent evaluators using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool.Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated,and a random-effects model was applied due to moderate heterogeneity(I2=41.3%).RESULTS Nine studies comprising 425 participants(tDCS group:219,control group:206)were included.The meta-analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in auditory hallucination scores following tDCS treatment(weighted mean difference:-2.18,95%confidence interval:-4.0 to-0.29,P<0.01).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results,with no significant influence from individual studies.Additionally,publication bias was not detected,supporting the reliability and generalizability of the findings.These results underscore the efficacy of tDCS as a therapeutic intervention for auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.CONCLUSION tDCS significantly reduces auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia,suggesting its potential as an effective adjunctive treatment for managing this disabling symptom.The findings highlight the practical significance of tDCS in clinical settings,particularly for patients with treatment-resistant auditory hallucinations.展开更多
BACKGROUND The characteristics of cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with different types of auditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs)was not clear.AIM To explore the characteristics of cerebral hemodynamic indexes o...BACKGROUND The characteristics of cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with different types of auditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs)was not clear.AIM To explore the characteristics of cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with different types of AVHs and construct the risk nomogram prediction model of patients with different types of AVHs.METHODS Patients with different types of verbal hallucinations who visited Wenzhou Seventh People’s Hospital were retrospectively selected from March 2021 to March 2023,and these patients were classified into 117 cases of schizophrenia(SCZ)with AVHs,108 cases of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)with AVHs,and 105 cases of recurrent depressive disorder with AVHs according to type.Transcranial doppler was performed to measure the hemodynamic parameters of the anterior cerebral artery(ACA),middle cerebral artery(MCA),posterior cerebral artery(PCA),basilar artery(BA)and vertebral artery(VA).Logistic regression modelling was used to explore the factors affecting patients with different types of AVHs and odds ratio,95%confidence interval(CI).A clinical prediction model was constructed,and the efficacy of the clinical prediction model was evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic,Hosmer-Lemeshow Goodness-of-Fit test,calibration curves and decision curve analysis.RESULTS The differences between the three groups of patients in mean velocity(Vm)-MCA,end-diastolic velocity(Vd)-MCA,Vm-ACA,pulsatility index(PI)-ACA,Vm-PCA,peak systolic velocity(Vs)-PCA,Vd-PCA,Vm-BA,Vs-BA,Vd-BA,PI-BA,resistance index(RI)-BA,Vm-VA,Vs-VA,Vd-VA,PI-VA,and RI-VA indexes were statistically significant.Rising Vm-ACA is an independent risk factor for SCZ with AVHs,and falling Vm-VA,Vd-MCA,and Vd-VA are independent risk factors for SCZ with AVHs.Rising Vm-ACA,Vm-PCA,Vs-PCA,Vd-PCA,Vm-BA,and Vs-BA are independent risk factors for PTSD with AVHs,and Vm-MCA,Vs-MCA,Vd-MCA,PI-PCA,and RIBA are independent protective factors for PTSD with AVHs.Elevated Vm-MCA,Vd-MCA,RI-BA,Vm-VA,and Vd-VA were independent risk factors,and elevated Vm-ACA,Vs-ACA,Vm-PCA,Vs-PCA,and Vd-PCA were independent protective factors.The areas under the curve of the three models were 0.82(95%CI:0.76-0.87),0.88(95%CI:0.83-0.92),and 0.81(95%CI:0.77-0.86),respectively;the Hosmer-Lemeshow Goodness-of-Fit test of the calibration curves of the three models suggests that P>0.05.CONCLUSION Monitoring the cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with AVHs is of practical significance in determining the type of mental disorder,which helps clinicians identify the type of AVHs and adopt more efficient treatment strategies to help patients recover.展开更多
Objective: To study the relationship between cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) thresholds and behavioral thresholds in pediatric populations with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: Fifteen children (m...Objective: To study the relationship between cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) thresholds and behavioral thresholds in pediatric populations with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: Fifteen children (mean age 6.8 years) with bilateral SNHL underwent behavioral pure-tone audiometry and CAEP testing at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz. CAEP thresholds were determined using tone bursts, and correlations between CAEP and pure-tone thresholds were analyzed using Pearson correlation and t-tests. Results: A strong positive correlation was observed between P1 thresholds and behavioral thresholds across all test frequencies: 0.5 kHz (r = 0.765, p Conclusion: The strong correlation between P1 and behavioral thresholds demonstrates the reliability of CAEP testing for estimating auditory thresholds in children. These findings support the use of CAEP testing as a reliable objective tool for threshold estimation, particularly in cases where behavioral responses cannot be reliably obtained. When adjusted with frequency-specific correction values, CAEP testing provides a reliable method for assessing hearing thresholds in pediatric populations.展开更多
Similar to the visual dual-pathway model, neurophysiological studies in non-human primates have suggested that the dual-pathway model is also applicable for explaining auditory cortical processing, including the ventr...Similar to the visual dual-pathway model, neurophysiological studies in non-human primates have suggested that the dual-pathway model is also applicable for explaining auditory cortical processing, including the ventral ＂what＂ pathway for object identification and the dorsal ＂where＂ pathway for spatial localization. This review summarizes evidence from human neuroimaging studies supporting the dual-pathway model for auditory cortical processing in humans.展开更多
In anurans, calling behaviour is strongly seasonal and circadian. Previous studies have revealed that a uditory sensitivity in frogs exhibits seasonal plasticity, and electroencephalographic signals exhibit highly cor...In anurans, calling behaviour is strongly seasonal and circadian. Previous studies have revealed that a uditory sensitivity in frogs exhibits seasonal plasticity, and electroencephalographic signals exhibit highly correlated circadian patterns;of which, the circadian rhythm remains unknown. In this study,the circadian rhythm and intersexual differences of auditory sensitivity were tested in the Emei music frog(Nidirana daunchina). This was achieved by comparing thresholds and latencies of auditory brainstem responses(ABRs) evoked by tones and clicks stimuli between male and female frogs during the day and at night,respectively. Our results revealed that both auditory thresholds and latencies had no differences between day and night except the la tencies in 3.5–4.0 kHz frequencies. However, the thresholds of tone pip evoked ABRs differed significantly between male and female frogs from 2.5 to 5.0 kHz. This demonstrated that the auditory sensitivity of Emei music frogs exhibits sexual dimorphism at high frequencies, with female frogs exhibiting greater auditory sensitivity than that of male frogs. Simultaneously, the power spectra of male advertisement calls are matched well with the frequency range of auditory sensitivity in male and female frogs,which supports the matched filter hypothesis. Our study enhances the understanding of circadian plasticity and sexual dimorphism of auditory sensitivity in frogs.展开更多
Transcranial electrical stimulation(tES)is a non-invasive nerve stimulation technique that modulates changes in neural activities in cerebral cortex through a weak current of specific intensity(and frequency).It has b...Transcranial electrical stimulation(tES)is a non-invasive nerve stimulation technique that modulates changes in neural activities in cerebral cortex through a weak current of specific intensity(and frequency).It has become a valuable tool for the study of human behavior and cognitive neurophysiological processes.As a brain stimulation technology with broad development prospects,it is not mature enough in the field of human auditory research.However,the research on tES has obtained preliminary results in regulating motor ability.This article mainly introduces the effects of tES and auditory steady state response on auditory,and the applications of tES in auditory diseases.By summarizing and discussing tES during auditory processing as comprehensively as possible,the potential application value of tES in the treatment of auditory diseases could be illustrated.展开更多
It is well known that the human auditory system possesses remarkable capabilities to analyze and identify signals. Therefore, it would be significant to build an auditory model based on the mechanism of human auditory...It is well known that the human auditory system possesses remarkable capabilities to analyze and identify signals. Therefore, it would be significant to build an auditory model based on the mechanism of human auditory systems, which may improve the effects of mechanical signal analysis and enrich the methods of mechanical faults features extraction. However the existing methods are all based on explicit senses of mathematics or physics, and have some shortages on distinguishing different faults, stability, and suppressing the disturbance noise, etc. For the purpose of improving the performances of the work of feature extraction, an auditory model, early auditory（EA） model, is introduced for the first time. This auditory model transforms time domain signal into auditory spectrum via bandpass filtering, nonlinear compressing, and lateral inhibiting by simulating the principle of the human auditory system. The EA model is developed with the Gammatone filterbank as the basilar membrane. According to the characteristics of vibration signals, a method is proposed for determining the parameter of inner hair cells model of EA model. The performance of EA model is evaluated through experiments on four rotor faults, including misalignment, rotor-to-stator rubbing, oil film whirl, and pedestal looseness. The results show that the auditory spectrum, output of EA model, can effectively distinguish different faults with satisfactory stability and has the ability to suppress the disturbance noise. Then, it is feasible to apply auditory model, as a new method, to the feature extraction for mechanical faults diagnosis with effect.展开更多
Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ （颈夹背） on sudden hearing loss by observing the changes of the threshold of auditory brainstem response （ABR） of deaf guinea pigs. Methods Sixty he...Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ （颈夹背） on sudden hearing loss by observing the changes of the threshold of auditory brainstem response （ABR） of deaf guinea pigs. Methods Sixty healthy guinea pigs were selected, with computer randomization, 20 were randomly divided into a normal control group （group A）, while the rest were randomly and equally divided into a model group （group B） and an acupuncture group （group C） when turned deaf after gentamycin sulfate and furosemide were administered. No treatment was administered for either the group A or the group B, while acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ was given for the group C for 30 days. The ABR thresholds of each group were observed and recorded separately after the treatment for 15 days and 30 days. Results The ABR threshold in the group C was lower than that in the group B after the treatment of 15 days （P〈O.05）. After the treatment of 30 days, the ABR threshold in the group C was obviously lower than that in the group B （P〈0.01）, and was obviously lower than that before acupuncture （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ has definite effect on improving the hearing of deaf guinea pigs.展开更多
Purinergic P2 receptors,activated by endogenous ATP,are prominently expressed on neuronal and nonneuronal cells during development of the auditory periphery and central auditory neurons.In the mature cochlea,extracell...Purinergic P2 receptors,activated by endogenous ATP,are prominently expressed on neuronal and nonneuronal cells during development of the auditory periphery and central auditory neurons.In the mature cochlea,extracellular ATP contributes to ion homeostasis,and has a protective function against noise exposure.Here,we focus on the modulation of activity by extracellular ATP during early postnatal development of the lower auditory pathway.In mammals,spontaneous patterned activity is conveyed along afferent auditory pathways before the onset of acoustically evoked signal processing.During this critical developmental period,inner hair cells fire bursts of action potentials that are believed to provide a developmental code for synaptic maturation and refinement of auditory circuits,thereby establishing a precise tonotopic organization.Endogenous ATP-release triggers such patterned activity by raising the extracellular K+concentration and contributes to firing by increasing the excitability of auditory nerve fibers,spiral ganglion neurons,and specific neuron types within the auditory brainstem,through the activation of diverse P2 receptors.We review recent studies that provide new models on the contribution of purinergic signaling to early development of the afferent auditory pathway.Further,we discuss potential future directions of purinergic research in the auditory system.展开更多
Objective:The effect of long term auditory deprivation on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials(CAEPs)especially in human models is not well explored.Hence,the current study was aimed to investigate the effects of long-...Objective:The effect of long term auditory deprivation on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials(CAEPs)especially in human models is not well explored.Hence,the current study was aimed to investigate the effects of long-term auditory deprivation and stimulability of auditory cortex in non habilitated congenitally deaf adolescents and adults using CAEPs.Methods and Results:A total of 27 non-habilitated congenitally deaf adolescents/adults with age and gender matched normal hearing adolescents/adults participated in the study.The congenitally deaf group was fitted with high gain hearing aids(first fit).Further,the CAEPs were recorded.The obtained CAEP components were assessed for group effect,source and topographical differences.The between group analysis for CAEP responses showed a significant difference only for P2 latency and amplitude.The source analysis revealed that,in the normal hearing group for CAEPs,the sources were within the temporal regions.However,in the congenitally deaf group,along with the temporal cortex,the bilateral prefrontal cortex also was activated.Conclusion:The findings revealed that it is possible to stimulate and evoke a matured CAEP response from a long deprived auditory system with adequate acoustic stimulation.The presence of CAEP responses is indicative of the functionality of the innate auditory pathway and the crossmodal plasticity in long auditory deprived individuals.展开更多
The auditory steady state response （ASSR） may reflect activity from different regions of the brain, depending on the modulation frequency used. In general, responses induced by low rates （_〈40 Hz） emanate mostly ...The auditory steady state response （ASSR） may reflect activity from different regions of the brain, depending on the modulation frequency used. In general, responses induced by low rates （_〈40 Hz） emanate mostly from central structures of the brain, and responses from high rates （〉80 Hz） emanate mostly from the peripheral auditory nerve or brainstem structures. Besides, it was reported that the gamma band ASSR （30-90 Hz） played an important role in working memory, speech understanding and recognition. This paper investigated the 40 Hz ASSR evoked by modulated speech and reversed speech. The speech was Chinese phrase voice, and the noise-like reversed speech was obtained by temporally reversing the speech. Both auditory stimuli were modulated with a frequency of 40 Hz. Ten healthy subjects and 5 patients with hallucination symptom participated in the experiment. Results showed re- duction in left auditory cortex response when healthy subjects listened to the reversed speech compared with the speech. In contrast, when the patients who experienced auditory hallucinations listened to the reversed speech, the auditory cortex of left hemispheric responded more actively. The ASSR results were consistent with the behavior results of patients. Therefore, the gamma band ASSR is expected to be helpful for rapid and objective diagnosis of hallucination in clinic.展开更多
Developmental exposure to bisphenol A(BPA),an endocrine-disrupting contaminant,impairs cognitive function in both animals and humans.However,whether BPA affects the development of primary sensory systems,which are the...Developmental exposure to bisphenol A(BPA),an endocrine-disrupting contaminant,impairs cognitive function in both animals and humans.However,whether BPA affects the development of primary sensory systems,which are the first to mature in the cortex,remains largely unclear.Using the rat as a model,we aimed to record the physiological and structural changes in the primary auditory cortex(A1)following lactational BPA exposure and their possible effects on behavioral outcomes.We found that BPA-exposed rats showed significant behavioral impairments when performing a sound temporal rate discrimination test.A significant alteration in spectral and temporal processing was also recorded in their A1,manifested as degraded frequency selectivity and diminished stimulus rate-following by neurons.These post-exposure effects were accompanied by changes in the density and maturity of dendritic spines in A1.Our findings demonstrated developmental impacts of BPA on auditory cortical processing and auditory-related discrimination,particularly in the temporal domain.Thus,the health implications for humans associated with early exposure to endocrine disruptors such as BPA merit more careful examination.展开更多
The amplitudes and latencies of auditory brainstem evoked response(ABR)were recorded at both high(50/s)and low(10/s)click rates as sound stimuli before andafter the guinea pigs were exposed to variant intensity noise....The amplitudes and latencies of auditory brainstem evoked response(ABR)were recorded at both high(50/s)and low(10/s)click rates as sound stimuli before andafter the guinea pigs were exposed to variant intensity noise.The maximum amplitude ofwave V increased significantly,but those of wave Ⅰ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ decreased significantly afterexposure to 110 dB noise for 20 or 30 min.The wave Ⅴ latency recorded at 50/s clickrate was shorter in every group after exposure.The changes of wave V latency recordedat 10/s click rate were complex,it was shorter after exposure to 95 dB or 105 dB for 10min;no change was found after exposure to 110 dB for 10 min,but it was longer initiallyand then became shorter after exposure to 110 dB noise for 30 min.The difference valueof wave V latency from 10/s to 50/s was negatively correlated with the noise intensityand exposure time.The more intense noise stimuli and the longer time,the less the differ-ence value became.The results indicate that the auditory bralnstem center was affectedby intense noise,and it is helpful to use difference value of wave V latency to analysis thefunction of brainstem center after exposure to noise.展开更多
Objective To analyze the characteristics of auditory brainstem response (ABR) in presbycusis patients el-der than 90 years. Methods Fourteen presbycusis patients elder than 90 years (presbycusis group, 91.1.4 ± 1...Objective To analyze the characteristics of auditory brainstem response (ABR) in presbycusis patients el-der than 90 years. Methods Fourteen presbycusis patients elder than 90 years (presbycusis group, 91.1.4 ± 1.3 years, 26 ears) and 9 normal-hearing young adults (control group, 22.7 ± 1.2 years, 18 ears) participated in the study. Alternative click-evoked ABRs were recorded in both groups. The peak latency (PL) of peak I,Ⅲ, and V, and the inter-peak latency (IPI) of I-Ⅲ,Ⅲ-V, and I-V were compared between groups. Results In elder presbycusis patients, the occurrence rate of peak I andⅢwere both 76.9%, and that of peak V was 84.6%. In presbycusis group, the peak latencies of I, Ⅲ, V were significantly longer than that of control group (P<0.001). There was no significant difference between groups in the IPI of peak I-IⅢ (P=0.298, peakⅢ-V (P=0.254) and peak I-V (P=0.364). Conclusions Auditory brainstem responses in presbycusis pa-tients elder than 90 years showed worse wave differentiation.展开更多
Objectives To investigate changes in evoked potentials and structure of the guinea pig cochleae during whole cochlear perfusion with glutamate. Methods CM, CAP, DPOAE, and ABR were recorded as indicators of cochlear f...Objectives To investigate changes in evoked potentials and structure of the guinea pig cochleae during whole cochlear perfusion with glutamate. Methods CM, CAP, DPOAE, and ABR were recorded as indicators of cochlear functions during whole cochlear perfusion. The morphology of the cochlea was studied via transmission electron microscopy. Results There were no significant changes in DPOAE amplitude before and after glutamate perfusion. CM I/O function remained nonlinear during perfusion. ABR latencies were delayed following glutamate perfusion. The average CAP threshold was elevated 35 dB SPL following glutamate perfusion.. The OHCs appeared normal, but the IHCs and afferent dendrites showed cytoplasmic blebs after glutamate perfusion. Conclusions While being a primary amino acid neurotransmitter at the synapses between hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons, excessive glutamate is neurotoxic and can destroy IHCs and spiral ganglion neurons. The technique used in this study can also be used to build an animal model of auditory neuropathy.展开更多
Objective:To analyze neurophysiological characteristics in infants and young children with auditory neuropathy(AN) and explore their clinical significance.Methods: Audiological measurements(acoustic immittance, EOAEs,...Objective:To analyze neurophysiological characteristics in infants and young children with auditory neuropathy(AN) and explore their clinical significance.Methods: Audiological measurements(acoustic immittance, EOAEs, ABR, CM, MLR and ERPs) and peripheral neurological tests were conducted and evaluated in 13 infants and young children with AN. Six of them received high-resolution temporal bone CT scans and/or cerebral MRI examinations.Results: All of the children showed type “A” tympanograms with abseatation of stapedial reflexes. EOAEs were normal in 12 of 13 subjects. In one child who had a history of anoxia during the birth,the EOAEs were not elicited. Click-evoked ABRs were absent in 12 of 13 subjects when maximum output of the instrument was reached. The CM potentials were presented bilaterally in all individuals,which were independent of the EOAEs and ABR. Of eight cases tested,all had clear MLR and six showed normal ERPs(P300 and MMN). Peripheral neurological tests and radiological findings were within the normal ranges. Conclusion: The diagnosis of AN in infants and young children should focus on analyzing their neurophysiological characteristics,especially on CM,MLR and ERPs. Combined use of EOAEs, ABR and CM was recommended for hearing screening on newborns with high risk factors.展开更多
The paper takes the notion of soundscape and its relation to power relations within the scope of architecture. Indeed, sound has long been devised as a tool so as to control people and urban realm. The paper discusses...The paper takes the notion of soundscape and its relation to power relations within the scope of architecture. Indeed, sound has long been devised as a tool so as to control people and urban realm. The paper discusses the politics, aesthetics and social character of urban soundscape by elucidating the materialized shape of sound, that is to say; the close relationship between architecture and sound, between materiality of the physical form and its audio-spatial experience to understand how soundscape is controlled by architectural means for establishing power over masses and class segregation in various contexts. Similar to the case of physical-landscape, the soundscape in various types of buildings also manifests the idealized power relationships in any society through the control of sound in architectural space. Therefore, the auditory characteristics of these spatial precedents are elucidated in this study. It is argued that sound is a very political entity and auditory mechanisms are utilized for the purposes of both surveillance and suppression of political opponents. The paper intends to demonstrate that sound has a very dark history under the disguise of grandiose aesthetics, and thus, it is very important in establishing power. Spatial typologies are classified according to their auditory functions in relation to establishing power in urban realm.展开更多
AIM： To determine by brain functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） whether cerebral processing of non-visceral stimuli is altered in irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） patients compared with healthy subjects. To...AIM： To determine by brain functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） whether cerebral processing of non-visceral stimuli is altered in irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） patients compared with healthy subjects. To circumvent spinal viscerosomatic convergence mechanisms, we used auditory stimulation, and to identify a possible influence of psychological factors the stimuli differed in their emotional quality. METHODS： In 8 IBS patients and 8 controls, fMRI measurements were performed using a block design of 4 auditory stimuli of different emotional quality （pleasant sounds of chimes, unpleasant peep （2000 Hz）, neutral words, and emotional words）. A gradient echo T2＊weighted sequence was used for the functional scans. Statistical maps were constructed using the general linear model. RESULTS： To emotional auditory stimuli, IBS patients relative to controls responded with stronger deactivations in a greater variety of emotional processing regions, while the response patterns, unlike in controls, did not differentiate between distressing or pleasant sounds. To neutral auditory stimuli, by contrast, only IBS patients responded with large significant activations. CONCLUSION： Altered cerebral response patterns to auditory stimuli in emotional stimulus-processing regions suggest that altered sensory processing in IBS may not be specific for visceral sensation, but might reflect generalized changes in emotional sensitivity and affectire reactivity, possibly associated with the psychological comorbidity often found in IBS patients.展开更多
The current randomized controlled trial was performed at the China Rehabilitation Science Institute, China to test the hypothesis that musical auditory stimulation has positive effects on the autonomic nervous system ...The current randomized controlled trial was performed at the China Rehabilitation Science Institute, China to test the hypothesis that musical auditory stimulation has positive effects on the autonomic nervous system of patients with disorder of consciousness.Although past studies have recommended that patients with disorder of consciousness listen to patient-preferred music, this practice is not universally accepted by researchers.Twenty patients with severe disorder of consciousness listened to either therapist-selected(n = 10, 6 males and 4 females;43.33 ± 18.76 years old) or patient-preferred(n = 10, 5 males and 5 females, 48.83 ± 18.79 years old) musical therapy, 30 minutes/day, 5 times/week for 6 weeks.The results showed no obvious differences in heart rate variability-related parameters including heart rate, standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals, and the root-mean-square of successive heartbeat interval differences of successive heartbeat intervals between the two groups of patients.However, percentage of differences exceeding 50 ms between adjacent normal number of intervals, low-frequency power/high-frequency power, high-frequency power norm, low-frequency power norm, and total power were higher in patients receiving therapist-selected music than in patients receiving their own preferred music.In contrast, this relationship was reversed for the high-frequency power and very-low-frequency band.These results suggest that compared with preferred musical stimulation, therapist-selected musical stimulation resulted in higher interactive activity of the autonomic nervous system.Therefore, therapist-selected musical stimulation should be used to arouse the autonomic nervous system of patients with disorder of consciousness.This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of China Rehabilitation Research Center, China(approval No.2018-022-1) on March 12, 2018 and registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(registration number Chi CTR1800017809) on August 15, 2018.展开更多
基金the Doctoral Startup Fund of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University.
文摘BACKGROUND Auditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs)are believed to be characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia.The prevalence of AVHs in deaf patients with schizophrenia is comparable to that in patients with schizophrenia who have normal hearing ability.AVHs in deaf patients with schizophrenia require treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 22-year-old deaf woman with schizophrenia had experienced AVHs for 3 months.Her psychotic symptoms were not alleviated by antipsychotic medication alone.Modified electroconvulsive therapy in combination with antipsychotic drugs effectively alleviated her AVHs and disorganized behavior.During outpatient follow-up for 6 months,her condition have remained stable,and she has been able to take care of herself.CONCLUSION Treatment with modified electroconvulsive therapy was found to be safe and might be indicated for deaf patients whose symptoms are not well managed with antipsychotic medication alone.Deaf people might be unable to communicate through spoken language;therefore,to make proper diagnoses and provide appropriate treatment for these patients,psychiatrists must have patience and seek to understand patients’mental state.
文摘BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric condition with complex symptomatology,including debilitating auditory hallucinations.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been explored as an adjunctive treatment to alleviate such symptoms.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia.METHODS Adhering to PRISMA guidelines,we systematically searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library on September 19,2023,for randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of tDCS in schizophrenia,with no language or time restrictions.We included studies that compared tDCS with a control condition and reported clinically relevant outcomes.Data extraction and quality assessments were performed by independent evaluators using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool.Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated,and a random-effects model was applied due to moderate heterogeneity(I2=41.3%).RESULTS Nine studies comprising 425 participants(tDCS group:219,control group:206)were included.The meta-analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in auditory hallucination scores following tDCS treatment(weighted mean difference:-2.18,95%confidence interval:-4.0 to-0.29,P<0.01).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results,with no significant influence from individual studies.Additionally,publication bias was not detected,supporting the reliability and generalizability of the findings.These results underscore the efficacy of tDCS as a therapeutic intervention for auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.CONCLUSION tDCS significantly reduces auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia,suggesting its potential as an effective adjunctive treatment for managing this disabling symptom.The findings highlight the practical significance of tDCS in clinical settings,particularly for patients with treatment-resistant auditory hallucinations.
文摘BACKGROUND The characteristics of cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with different types of auditory verbal hallucinations(AVHs)was not clear.AIM To explore the characteristics of cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with different types of AVHs and construct the risk nomogram prediction model of patients with different types of AVHs.METHODS Patients with different types of verbal hallucinations who visited Wenzhou Seventh People’s Hospital were retrospectively selected from March 2021 to March 2023,and these patients were classified into 117 cases of schizophrenia(SCZ)with AVHs,108 cases of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)with AVHs,and 105 cases of recurrent depressive disorder with AVHs according to type.Transcranial doppler was performed to measure the hemodynamic parameters of the anterior cerebral artery(ACA),middle cerebral artery(MCA),posterior cerebral artery(PCA),basilar artery(BA)and vertebral artery(VA).Logistic regression modelling was used to explore the factors affecting patients with different types of AVHs and odds ratio,95%confidence interval(CI).A clinical prediction model was constructed,and the efficacy of the clinical prediction model was evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic,Hosmer-Lemeshow Goodness-of-Fit test,calibration curves and decision curve analysis.RESULTS The differences between the three groups of patients in mean velocity(Vm)-MCA,end-diastolic velocity(Vd)-MCA,Vm-ACA,pulsatility index(PI)-ACA,Vm-PCA,peak systolic velocity(Vs)-PCA,Vd-PCA,Vm-BA,Vs-BA,Vd-BA,PI-BA,resistance index(RI)-BA,Vm-VA,Vs-VA,Vd-VA,PI-VA,and RI-VA indexes were statistically significant.Rising Vm-ACA is an independent risk factor for SCZ with AVHs,and falling Vm-VA,Vd-MCA,and Vd-VA are independent risk factors for SCZ with AVHs.Rising Vm-ACA,Vm-PCA,Vs-PCA,Vd-PCA,Vm-BA,and Vs-BA are independent risk factors for PTSD with AVHs,and Vm-MCA,Vs-MCA,Vd-MCA,PI-PCA,and RIBA are independent protective factors for PTSD with AVHs.Elevated Vm-MCA,Vd-MCA,RI-BA,Vm-VA,and Vd-VA were independent risk factors,and elevated Vm-ACA,Vs-ACA,Vm-PCA,Vs-PCA,and Vd-PCA were independent protective factors.The areas under the curve of the three models were 0.82(95%CI:0.76-0.87),0.88(95%CI:0.83-0.92),and 0.81(95%CI:0.77-0.86),respectively;the Hosmer-Lemeshow Goodness-of-Fit test of the calibration curves of the three models suggests that P>0.05.CONCLUSION Monitoring the cerebral hemodynamic indexes of patients with AVHs is of practical significance in determining the type of mental disorder,which helps clinicians identify the type of AVHs and adopt more efficient treatment strategies to help patients recover.
文摘Objective: To study the relationship between cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) thresholds and behavioral thresholds in pediatric populations with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: Fifteen children (mean age 6.8 years) with bilateral SNHL underwent behavioral pure-tone audiometry and CAEP testing at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz. CAEP thresholds were determined using tone bursts, and correlations between CAEP and pure-tone thresholds were analyzed using Pearson correlation and t-tests. Results: A strong positive correlation was observed between P1 thresholds and behavioral thresholds across all test frequencies: 0.5 kHz (r = 0.765, p Conclusion: The strong correlation between P1 and behavioral thresholds demonstrates the reliability of CAEP testing for estimating auditory thresholds in children. These findings support the use of CAEP testing as a reliable objective tool for threshold estimation, particularly in cases where behavioral responses cannot be reliably obtained. When adjusted with frequency-specific correction values, CAEP testing provides a reliable method for assessing hearing thresholds in pediatric populations.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China （No. 30711120563, No. 30670704, and No. 60535030）.
文摘Similar to the visual dual-pathway model, neurophysiological studies in non-human primates have suggested that the dual-pathway model is also applicable for explaining auditory cortical processing, including the ventral ＂what＂ pathway for object identification and the dorsal ＂where＂ pathway for spatial localization. This review summarizes evidence from human neuroimaging studies supporting the dual-pathway model for auditory cortical processing in humans.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772464)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (2012274)。
文摘In anurans, calling behaviour is strongly seasonal and circadian. Previous studies have revealed that a uditory sensitivity in frogs exhibits seasonal plasticity, and electroencephalographic signals exhibit highly correlated circadian patterns;of which, the circadian rhythm remains unknown. In this study,the circadian rhythm and intersexual differences of auditory sensitivity were tested in the Emei music frog(Nidirana daunchina). This was achieved by comparing thresholds and latencies of auditory brainstem responses(ABRs) evoked by tones and clicks stimuli between male and female frogs during the day and at night,respectively. Our results revealed that both auditory thresholds and latencies had no differences between day and night except the la tencies in 3.5–4.0 kHz frequencies. However, the thresholds of tone pip evoked ABRs differed significantly between male and female frogs from 2.5 to 5.0 kHz. This demonstrated that the auditory sensitivity of Emei music frogs exhibits sexual dimorphism at high frequencies, with female frogs exhibiting greater auditory sensitivity than that of male frogs. Simultaneously, the power spectra of male advertisement calls are matched well with the frequency range of auditory sensitivity in male and female frogs,which supports the matched filter hypothesis. Our study enhances the understanding of circadian plasticity and sexual dimorphism of auditory sensitivity in frogs.
文摘Transcranial electrical stimulation(tES)is a non-invasive nerve stimulation technique that modulates changes in neural activities in cerebral cortex through a weak current of specific intensity(and frequency).It has become a valuable tool for the study of human behavior and cognitive neurophysiological processes.As a brain stimulation technology with broad development prospects,it is not mature enough in the field of human auditory research.However,the research on tES has obtained preliminary results in regulating motor ability.This article mainly introduces the effects of tES and auditory steady state response on auditory,and the applications of tES in auditory diseases.By summarizing and discussing tES during auditory processing as comprehensively as possible,the potential application value of tES in the treatment of auditory diseases could be illustrated.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50805021)
文摘It is well known that the human auditory system possesses remarkable capabilities to analyze and identify signals. Therefore, it would be significant to build an auditory model based on the mechanism of human auditory systems, which may improve the effects of mechanical signal analysis and enrich the methods of mechanical faults features extraction. However the existing methods are all based on explicit senses of mathematics or physics, and have some shortages on distinguishing different faults, stability, and suppressing the disturbance noise, etc. For the purpose of improving the performances of the work of feature extraction, an auditory model, early auditory（EA） model, is introduced for the first time. This auditory model transforms time domain signal into auditory spectrum via bandpass filtering, nonlinear compressing, and lateral inhibiting by simulating the principle of the human auditory system. The EA model is developed with the Gammatone filterbank as the basilar membrane. According to the characteristics of vibration signals, a method is proposed for determining the parameter of inner hair cells model of EA model. The performance of EA model is evaluated through experiments on four rotor faults, including misalignment, rotor-to-stator rubbing, oil film whirl, and pedestal looseness. The results show that the auditory spectrum, output of EA model, can effectively distinguish different faults with satisfactory stability and has the ability to suppress the disturbance noise. Then, it is feasible to apply auditory model, as a new method, to the feature extraction for mechanical faults diagnosis with effect.
基金Supported by Yanbian University on Scientific Development and Application:No.36,yanda kehe zi[2013]
文摘Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ （颈夹背） on sudden hearing loss by observing the changes of the threshold of auditory brainstem response （ABR） of deaf guinea pigs. Methods Sixty healthy guinea pigs were selected, with computer randomization, 20 were randomly divided into a normal control group （group A）, while the rest were randomly and equally divided into a model group （group B） and an acupuncture group （group C） when turned deaf after gentamycin sulfate and furosemide were administered. No treatment was administered for either the group A or the group B, while acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ was given for the group C for 30 days. The ABR thresholds of each group were observed and recorded separately after the treatment for 15 days and 30 days. Results The ABR threshold in the group C was lower than that in the group B after the treatment of 15 days （P〈O.05）. After the treatment of 30 days, the ABR threshold in the group C was obviously lower than that in the group B （P〈0.01）, and was obviously lower than that before acupuncture （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Acupuncture at ＂Jing Jiaji＂ has definite effect on improving the hearing of deaf guinea pigs.
基金the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG Grant 954/3-1)as a part of the priority program 1608“Ultrafast and temporally precise information processing:normal and dysfunctional hearing”。
文摘Purinergic P2 receptors,activated by endogenous ATP,are prominently expressed on neuronal and nonneuronal cells during development of the auditory periphery and central auditory neurons.In the mature cochlea,extracellular ATP contributes to ion homeostasis,and has a protective function against noise exposure.Here,we focus on the modulation of activity by extracellular ATP during early postnatal development of the lower auditory pathway.In mammals,spontaneous patterned activity is conveyed along afferent auditory pathways before the onset of acoustically evoked signal processing.During this critical developmental period,inner hair cells fire bursts of action potentials that are believed to provide a developmental code for synaptic maturation and refinement of auditory circuits,thereby establishing a precise tonotopic organization.Endogenous ATP-release triggers such patterned activity by raising the extracellular K+concentration and contributes to firing by increasing the excitability of auditory nerve fibers,spiral ganglion neurons,and specific neuron types within the auditory brainstem,through the activation of diverse P2 receptors.We review recent studies that provide new models on the contribution of purinergic signaling to early development of the afferent auditory pathway.Further,we discuss potential future directions of purinergic research in the auditory system.
文摘Objective:The effect of long term auditory deprivation on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials(CAEPs)especially in human models is not well explored.Hence,the current study was aimed to investigate the effects of long-term auditory deprivation and stimulability of auditory cortex in non habilitated congenitally deaf adolescents and adults using CAEPs.Methods and Results:A total of 27 non-habilitated congenitally deaf adolescents/adults with age and gender matched normal hearing adolescents/adults participated in the study.The congenitally deaf group was fitted with high gain hearing aids(first fit).Further,the CAEPs were recorded.The obtained CAEP components were assessed for group effect,source and topographical differences.The between group analysis for CAEP responses showed a significant difference only for P2 latency and amplitude.The source analysis revealed that,in the normal hearing group for CAEPs,the sources were within the temporal regions.However,in the congenitally deaf group,along with the temporal cortex,the bilateral prefrontal cortex also was activated.Conclusion:The findings revealed that it is possible to stimulate and evoke a matured CAEP response from a long deprived auditory system with adequate acoustic stimulation.The presence of CAEP responses is indicative of the functionality of the innate auditory pathway and the crossmodal plasticity in long auditory deprived individuals.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.90820304,61105123,and 31100714)National Basic Research Program of China(No.2011CB933204)
文摘The auditory steady state response （ASSR） may reflect activity from different regions of the brain, depending on the modulation frequency used. In general, responses induced by low rates （_〈40 Hz） emanate mostly from central structures of the brain, and responses from high rates （〉80 Hz） emanate mostly from the peripheral auditory nerve or brainstem structures. Besides, it was reported that the gamma band ASSR （30-90 Hz） played an important role in working memory, speech understanding and recognition. This paper investigated the 40 Hz ASSR evoked by modulated speech and reversed speech. The speech was Chinese phrase voice, and the noise-like reversed speech was obtained by temporally reversing the speech. Both auditory stimuli were modulated with a frequency of 40 Hz. Ten healthy subjects and 5 patients with hallucination symptom participated in the experiment. Results showed re- duction in left auditory cortex response when healthy subjects listened to the reversed speech compared with the speech. In contrast, when the patients who experienced auditory hallucinations listened to the reversed speech, the auditory cortex of left hemispheric responded more actively. The ASSR results were consistent with the behavior results of patients. Therefore, the gamma band ASSR is expected to be helpful for rapid and objective diagnosis of hallucination in clinic.
基金the National NaturalScienceFoundationofChina(32171134and 32161160325)the National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Program(2022ZD0204804)+2 种基金a Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(21490713200)the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(B16018)a matching fund from the NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science at NYU Shanghai.
文摘Developmental exposure to bisphenol A(BPA),an endocrine-disrupting contaminant,impairs cognitive function in both animals and humans.However,whether BPA affects the development of primary sensory systems,which are the first to mature in the cortex,remains largely unclear.Using the rat as a model,we aimed to record the physiological and structural changes in the primary auditory cortex(A1)following lactational BPA exposure and their possible effects on behavioral outcomes.We found that BPA-exposed rats showed significant behavioral impairments when performing a sound temporal rate discrimination test.A significant alteration in spectral and temporal processing was also recorded in their A1,manifested as degraded frequency selectivity and diminished stimulus rate-following by neurons.These post-exposure effects were accompanied by changes in the density and maturity of dendritic spines in A1.Our findings demonstrated developmental impacts of BPA on auditory cortical processing and auditory-related discrimination,particularly in the temporal domain.Thus,the health implications for humans associated with early exposure to endocrine disruptors such as BPA merit more careful examination.
文摘The amplitudes and latencies of auditory brainstem evoked response(ABR)were recorded at both high(50/s)and low(10/s)click rates as sound stimuli before andafter the guinea pigs were exposed to variant intensity noise.The maximum amplitude ofwave V increased significantly,but those of wave Ⅰ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ decreased significantly afterexposure to 110 dB noise for 20 or 30 min.The wave Ⅴ latency recorded at 50/s clickrate was shorter in every group after exposure.The changes of wave V latency recordedat 10/s click rate were complex,it was shorter after exposure to 95 dB or 105 dB for 10min;no change was found after exposure to 110 dB for 10 min,but it was longer initiallyand then became shorter after exposure to 110 dB noise for 30 min.The difference valueof wave V latency from 10/s to 50/s was negatively correlated with the noise intensityand exposure time.The more intense noise stimuli and the longer time,the less the differ-ence value became.The results indicate that the auditory bralnstem center was affectedby intense noise,and it is helpful to use difference value of wave V latency to analysis thefunction of brainstem center after exposure to noise.
基金supported by grants from the Science and Technology Innovation Nursery Foundation of PLA General Hospital(12KMM29)the military medical metrology research project(2012-JL1-028)+1 种基金Clinical Research Supporting Foundation of PLA General Hospital(2012FC-TSYS-3056)the Military Medical and Sanitation Research Project(11BJZ33)
文摘Objective To analyze the characteristics of auditory brainstem response (ABR) in presbycusis patients el-der than 90 years. Methods Fourteen presbycusis patients elder than 90 years (presbycusis group, 91.1.4 ± 1.3 years, 26 ears) and 9 normal-hearing young adults (control group, 22.7 ± 1.2 years, 18 ears) participated in the study. Alternative click-evoked ABRs were recorded in both groups. The peak latency (PL) of peak I,Ⅲ, and V, and the inter-peak latency (IPI) of I-Ⅲ,Ⅲ-V, and I-V were compared between groups. Results In elder presbycusis patients, the occurrence rate of peak I andⅢwere both 76.9%, and that of peak V was 84.6%. In presbycusis group, the peak latencies of I, Ⅲ, V were significantly longer than that of control group (P<0.001). There was no significant difference between groups in the IPI of peak I-IⅢ (P=0.298, peakⅢ-V (P=0.254) and peak I-V (P=0.364). Conclusions Auditory brainstem responses in presbycusis pa-tients elder than 90 years showed worse wave differentiation.
文摘Objectives To investigate changes in evoked potentials and structure of the guinea pig cochleae during whole cochlear perfusion with glutamate. Methods CM, CAP, DPOAE, and ABR were recorded as indicators of cochlear functions during whole cochlear perfusion. The morphology of the cochlea was studied via transmission electron microscopy. Results There were no significant changes in DPOAE amplitude before and after glutamate perfusion. CM I/O function remained nonlinear during perfusion. ABR latencies were delayed following glutamate perfusion. The average CAP threshold was elevated 35 dB SPL following glutamate perfusion.. The OHCs appeared normal, but the IHCs and afferent dendrites showed cytoplasmic blebs after glutamate perfusion. Conclusions While being a primary amino acid neurotransmitter at the synapses between hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons, excessive glutamate is neurotoxic and can destroy IHCs and spiral ganglion neurons. The technique used in this study can also be used to build an animal model of auditory neuropathy.
文摘Objective:To analyze neurophysiological characteristics in infants and young children with auditory neuropathy(AN) and explore their clinical significance.Methods: Audiological measurements(acoustic immittance, EOAEs, ABR, CM, MLR and ERPs) and peripheral neurological tests were conducted and evaluated in 13 infants and young children with AN. Six of them received high-resolution temporal bone CT scans and/or cerebral MRI examinations.Results: All of the children showed type “A” tympanograms with abseatation of stapedial reflexes. EOAEs were normal in 12 of 13 subjects. In one child who had a history of anoxia during the birth,the EOAEs were not elicited. Click-evoked ABRs were absent in 12 of 13 subjects when maximum output of the instrument was reached. The CM potentials were presented bilaterally in all individuals,which were independent of the EOAEs and ABR. Of eight cases tested,all had clear MLR and six showed normal ERPs(P300 and MMN). Peripheral neurological tests and radiological findings were within the normal ranges. Conclusion: The diagnosis of AN in infants and young children should focus on analyzing their neurophysiological characteristics,especially on CM,MLR and ERPs. Combined use of EOAEs, ABR and CM was recommended for hearing screening on newborns with high risk factors.
文摘The paper takes the notion of soundscape and its relation to power relations within the scope of architecture. Indeed, sound has long been devised as a tool so as to control people and urban realm. The paper discusses the politics, aesthetics and social character of urban soundscape by elucidating the materialized shape of sound, that is to say; the close relationship between architecture and sound, between materiality of the physical form and its audio-spatial experience to understand how soundscape is controlled by architectural means for establishing power over masses and class segregation in various contexts. Similar to the case of physical-landscape, the soundscape in various types of buildings also manifests the idealized power relationships in any society through the control of sound in architectural space. Therefore, the auditory characteristics of these spatial precedents are elucidated in this study. It is argued that sound is a very political entity and auditory mechanisms are utilized for the purposes of both surveillance and suppression of political opponents. The paper intends to demonstrate that sound has a very dark history under the disguise of grandiose aesthetics, and thus, it is very important in establishing power. Spatial typologies are classified according to their auditory functions in relation to establishing power in urban realm.
文摘AIM： To determine by brain functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） whether cerebral processing of non-visceral stimuli is altered in irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） patients compared with healthy subjects. To circumvent spinal viscerosomatic convergence mechanisms, we used auditory stimulation, and to identify a possible influence of psychological factors the stimuli differed in their emotional quality. METHODS： In 8 IBS patients and 8 controls, fMRI measurements were performed using a block design of 4 auditory stimuli of different emotional quality （pleasant sounds of chimes, unpleasant peep （2000 Hz）, neutral words, and emotional words）. A gradient echo T2＊weighted sequence was used for the functional scans. Statistical maps were constructed using the general linear model. RESULTS： To emotional auditory stimuli, IBS patients relative to controls responded with stronger deactivations in a greater variety of emotional processing regions, while the response patterns, unlike in controls, did not differentiate between distressing or pleasant sounds. To neutral auditory stimuli, by contrast, only IBS patients responded with large significant activations. CONCLUSION： Altered cerebral response patterns to auditory stimuli in emotional stimulus-processing regions suggest that altered sensory processing in IBS may not be specific for visceral sensation, but might reflect generalized changes in emotional sensitivity and affectire reactivity, possibly associated with the psychological comorbidity often found in IBS patients.
基金supported by the Beijing Science and Technology Project Foundation of China, No.Z181100001718066(to HTL)。
文摘The current randomized controlled trial was performed at the China Rehabilitation Science Institute, China to test the hypothesis that musical auditory stimulation has positive effects on the autonomic nervous system of patients with disorder of consciousness.Although past studies have recommended that patients with disorder of consciousness listen to patient-preferred music, this practice is not universally accepted by researchers.Twenty patients with severe disorder of consciousness listened to either therapist-selected(n = 10, 6 males and 4 females;43.33 ± 18.76 years old) or patient-preferred(n = 10, 5 males and 5 females, 48.83 ± 18.79 years old) musical therapy, 30 minutes/day, 5 times/week for 6 weeks.The results showed no obvious differences in heart rate variability-related parameters including heart rate, standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals, and the root-mean-square of successive heartbeat interval differences of successive heartbeat intervals between the two groups of patients.However, percentage of differences exceeding 50 ms between adjacent normal number of intervals, low-frequency power/high-frequency power, high-frequency power norm, low-frequency power norm, and total power were higher in patients receiving therapist-selected music than in patients receiving their own preferred music.In contrast, this relationship was reversed for the high-frequency power and very-low-frequency band.These results suggest that compared with preferred musical stimulation, therapist-selected musical stimulation resulted in higher interactive activity of the autonomic nervous system.Therefore, therapist-selected musical stimulation should be used to arouse the autonomic nervous system of patients with disorder of consciousness.This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of China Rehabilitation Research Center, China(approval No.2018-022-1) on March 12, 2018 and registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(registration number Chi CTR1800017809) on August 15, 2018.
