As a national institution for scientific research and a component of the national innovation system, CAS should and must make key contributions to the great national rejuvenation of the country. Keeping this in mind, ...As a national institution for scientific research and a component of the national innovation system, CAS should and must make key contributions to the great national rejuvenation of the country. Keeping this in mind, CAS has developed four developmental targets for its basic research. This was revealed at a CAS conference on basic research held June 11-12 in Beijing.展开更多
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is becoming the dominant approach for developing and organizing distributed enterprise-wide applications. Although the concepts of SOA have been extensively described in the literat...Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is becoming the dominant approach for developing and organizing distributed enterprise-wide applications. Although the concepts of SOA have been extensively described in the literature and in-dustry, the effects of adopting SOA on software quality are still unclear. The aim of the paper is to analyze how adopt-ing SOA can affect software quality as opposed to the Object-Oriented (OO) paradigm and expose the differential implications of adopting both paradigms on software quality. The paper provides a brief introduction of the architectural differences between the Service-Oriented (SO) and OO paradigms and a description of internal software quality metrics used for the comparison. The effects and differences are exposed by providing a case study architected for both paradigms. The quantitative measure concluded in the paper showed that a software system developed using SOA approach provides higher reusability and lower coupling among software modules, but at the same time higher complexity than those of the OO approach. It was also found that some of the existing OO software quality metrics are inapplicable to SOA software systems. As a consequence, new metrics need to be developed specifically to SOA software systems.展开更多
The microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations play a pivotal role in determining their critical quality attributes(CQAs),such as drug release,content uniformity,and stability,which greatly impact the safety and e...The microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations play a pivotal role in determining their critical quality attributes(CQAs),such as drug release,content uniformity,and stability,which greatly impact the safety and efficacy of drugs.Unlike the inherent molecular structures of active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs)and excipients,the microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations are developed during the formulation process,presenting unique analytical challenges.In this review,we primarily focus on presenting the research methods used to elucidate the microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations,including X-ray imaging(XRI),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),atomic force microscopy(AFM),Raman spectroscopy,infrared(IR)spectroscopy,and rheometer technology.Subsequently,we highlight the applications,advantages,and limitations of these methods.Finally,we discuss the current challenges and future perspectives in this field.This review aims to provide a comprehensive reference for understanding the microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations,offering new insights and potential advancements in their development.展开更多
This paper is the analysis of the main body, the object and their relationship concerning research of traditional Chinese medicine. The result proved that the main body of research of traditional Chinese medicine is r...This paper is the analysis of the main body, the object and their relationship concerning research of traditional Chinese medicine. The result proved that the main body of research of traditional Chinese medicine is researchers who possessed the fundamentals of traditional Chinese medicine. It is the objects of research of traditional Chinese medicine that origin of a class of traditional Chinese medical literature consisting of herbals which focus on descriptions of individual drugs; the relationship of the technological process of preparing Chinese medicine, as by parching, roasting, baking, steaming, soaking, and simmering, etc.;and technology of separating, extracting and purifying for composition; traditional Chinese medicine dynamics of one of the 12 two-hour periods into which the day was formerly divided before the introduction of western chronology; compatibility of medicines in active compositions; patent, effectiveness for a given period of time and constantly changing of traditional Chinese medicine.The relationship between the main body and the objects was that the former depends on the latter ones and the main body has subjective initiative as fully as possible.展开更多
There is little fundamental research in civil law theory on the relationship between computer data and goods(objects)and property under civil law.Existing judgments on online civil disputes and current theoretical res...There is little fundamental research in civil law theory on the relationship between computer data and goods(objects)and property under civil law.Existing judgments on online civil disputes and current theoretical research have tended to process electronic data as an object or property in isolation.But electronic data is not specific and independent;it does not fall under intangibles,nor can it be classified as an object with civil rights content.It has no independent economic value,and trading in data is constrained by its information content.Moreover,the realization of its value is dependent for protection on data security and self-control,so it cannot easily be regarded as property.Since electronic data is not an object,contracts for big data transactions can readily be defined as data service contracts,but given the uncertainty of the entity in question,the problem of externalities and the lack of a monopoly,it is not easy to realize data rights.Electronic data has the essential character of instrumental neutrality,and there are limits to the law’s imposition on it of regulatory functions.Online civil disputes can be divided into the instrumental and the virtual,used respectively as general tort remedy and as tort remedy for infringement of laws protecting others.展开更多
A decision support system, including a multi-objective optimization framework and a multi-attribute decision making approach is proposed for satellite equipment layout. Firstly, given three objectives (to minimize the...A decision support system, including a multi-objective optimization framework and a multi-attribute decision making approach is proposed for satellite equipment layout. Firstly, given three objectives (to minimize the C.G. offset, the cross moments of inertia and the space debris impact risk), we develop a threedimensional layout optimization model. Unlike most of the previous works just focusing on mass characteristics of the system, a space debris impact risk index is developed. Secondly, we develop an efficient optimization framework for the integration of computer-aided design (CAD) software as well as the optimization algorithm to obtain the Pareto front of the layout optimization problem. Thirdly, after obtaining the candidate solutions, we present a multi-attribute decision making approach, which integrates the smart Pareto filter and the correlation coefficient and standard deviation (CCSD) method to select the best tradeoff solutions on the optimal Pareto fronts. Finally, the framework and the decision making approach are applied to a case study of a satellite platform.展开更多
The purpose of this project is to reach more students in food, agricultural, and environmental sciences with a globalized undergraduate curriculum, by providing contextually-rich reusable learning objects （RLOs） and...The purpose of this project is to reach more students in food, agricultural, and environmental sciences with a globalized undergraduate curriculum, by providing contextually-rich reusable learning objects （RLOs） and authentic case studies that address multidisciplinary issues. Reusable learning objects （RLOs） are self--contained, digital learning activities that range in length from 2 to 15 minutes. RLOs can contain a wide array of media, including text, web sites, charts, maps, models, PowerPoint presentations, photos, case studies, simulations, video clips, audio clips, and assessments, Food and agricultural sciences faculty at the University of Florida, the University of Georgia, and Texas A＆M University have been selected to be part of a Faculty Learning Community that Will work together in curriculum and RLO development, and will participate in an international study experience funded by this project. For each experience, a group of approximately ten faculty and three project team members will spend roughly two weeks in a Latin American/Caribbean basin country. Various social science data collection processes and evaluation strategies will be the focus of the presentation. The use of preflective and reflective instruments to measure initial attitudes or beliefs about the context-rich multidisciplinary experience and expected gains from participating in the curricula development will be demonstrated.展开更多
With the continuous promotion of the new curriculum reform and the further deepening of quality education, more and more junior middle school English teachers began to carry out the curriculum teaching mode based on t...With the continuous promotion of the new curriculum reform and the further deepening of quality education, more and more junior middle school English teachers began to carry out the curriculum teaching mode based on the overall requirements of the new curriculum standard, among which the "unit whole" project is undoubtedly the most prominent attention. Accordingly, the author will be based on personal teaching experience and related research results, relying on the literature reference, case analysis method to obtain relevant information, from the perspective of the unit goal set, around "based on the research of junior high school English unit goal set" to write this article, and put forward several strategic suggestions on different aspects, hope you can bring certain inspiration and help to your work.展开更多
文摘As a national institution for scientific research and a component of the national innovation system, CAS should and must make key contributions to the great national rejuvenation of the country. Keeping this in mind, CAS has developed four developmental targets for its basic research. This was revealed at a CAS conference on basic research held June 11-12 in Beijing.
文摘Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is becoming the dominant approach for developing and organizing distributed enterprise-wide applications. Although the concepts of SOA have been extensively described in the literature and in-dustry, the effects of adopting SOA on software quality are still unclear. The aim of the paper is to analyze how adopt-ing SOA can affect software quality as opposed to the Object-Oriented (OO) paradigm and expose the differential implications of adopting both paradigms on software quality. The paper provides a brief introduction of the architectural differences between the Service-Oriented (SO) and OO paradigms and a description of internal software quality metrics used for the comparison. The effects and differences are exposed by providing a case study architected for both paradigms. The quantitative measure concluded in the paper showed that a software system developed using SOA approach provides higher reusability and lower coupling among software modules, but at the same time higher complexity than those of the OO approach. It was also found that some of the existing OO software quality metrics are inapplicable to SOA software systems. As a consequence, new metrics need to be developed specifically to SOA software systems.
文摘The microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations play a pivotal role in determining their critical quality attributes(CQAs),such as drug release,content uniformity,and stability,which greatly impact the safety and efficacy of drugs.Unlike the inherent molecular structures of active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs)and excipients,the microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations are developed during the formulation process,presenting unique analytical challenges.In this review,we primarily focus on presenting the research methods used to elucidate the microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations,including X-ray imaging(XRI),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),atomic force microscopy(AFM),Raman spectroscopy,infrared(IR)spectroscopy,and rheometer technology.Subsequently,we highlight the applications,advantages,and limitations of these methods.Finally,we discuss the current challenges and future perspectives in this field.This review aims to provide a comprehensive reference for understanding the microstructures of pharmaceutical preparations,offering new insights and potential advancements in their development.
文摘This paper is the analysis of the main body, the object and their relationship concerning research of traditional Chinese medicine. The result proved that the main body of research of traditional Chinese medicine is researchers who possessed the fundamentals of traditional Chinese medicine. It is the objects of research of traditional Chinese medicine that origin of a class of traditional Chinese medical literature consisting of herbals which focus on descriptions of individual drugs; the relationship of the technological process of preparing Chinese medicine, as by parching, roasting, baking, steaming, soaking, and simmering, etc.;and technology of separating, extracting and purifying for composition; traditional Chinese medicine dynamics of one of the 12 two-hour periods into which the day was formerly divided before the introduction of western chronology; compatibility of medicines in active compositions; patent, effectiveness for a given period of time and constantly changing of traditional Chinese medicine.The relationship between the main body and the objects was that the former depends on the latter ones and the main body has subjective initiative as fully as possible.
基金a phased result of the University of International Business and Economics Phase Ⅲ Key Project for the 211 Project,"A Solution to the Dilemma of Private Rights Theory in the Internet Age"(8110060402)the Ministry of Education’s Humanities and Social Sciences Key Research Base,Research Centre of Civil and Commercial Jurisprudence of Renmin University of China Key Project "Research on Major Issues in Property Law"(11JJD820012)
文摘There is little fundamental research in civil law theory on the relationship between computer data and goods(objects)and property under civil law.Existing judgments on online civil disputes and current theoretical research have tended to process electronic data as an object or property in isolation.But electronic data is not specific and independent;it does not fall under intangibles,nor can it be classified as an object with civil rights content.It has no independent economic value,and trading in data is constrained by its information content.Moreover,the realization of its value is dependent for protection on data security and self-control,so it cannot easily be regarded as property.Since electronic data is not an object,contracts for big data transactions can readily be defined as data service contracts,but given the uncertainty of the entity in question,the problem of externalities and the lack of a monopoly,it is not easy to realize data rights.Electronic data has the essential character of instrumental neutrality,and there are limits to the law’s imposition on it of regulatory functions.Online civil disputes can be divided into the instrumental and the virtual,used respectively as general tort remedy and as tort remedy for infringement of laws protecting others.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51405499)
文摘A decision support system, including a multi-objective optimization framework and a multi-attribute decision making approach is proposed for satellite equipment layout. Firstly, given three objectives (to minimize the C.G. offset, the cross moments of inertia and the space debris impact risk), we develop a threedimensional layout optimization model. Unlike most of the previous works just focusing on mass characteristics of the system, a space debris impact risk index is developed. Secondly, we develop an efficient optimization framework for the integration of computer-aided design (CAD) software as well as the optimization algorithm to obtain the Pareto front of the layout optimization problem. Thirdly, after obtaining the candidate solutions, we present a multi-attribute decision making approach, which integrates the smart Pareto filter and the correlation coefficient and standard deviation (CCSD) method to select the best tradeoff solutions on the optimal Pareto fronts. Finally, the framework and the decision making approach are applied to a case study of a satellite platform.
文摘The purpose of this project is to reach more students in food, agricultural, and environmental sciences with a globalized undergraduate curriculum, by providing contextually-rich reusable learning objects （RLOs） and authentic case studies that address multidisciplinary issues. Reusable learning objects （RLOs） are self--contained, digital learning activities that range in length from 2 to 15 minutes. RLOs can contain a wide array of media, including text, web sites, charts, maps, models, PowerPoint presentations, photos, case studies, simulations, video clips, audio clips, and assessments, Food and agricultural sciences faculty at the University of Florida, the University of Georgia, and Texas A＆M University have been selected to be part of a Faculty Learning Community that Will work together in curriculum and RLO development, and will participate in an international study experience funded by this project. For each experience, a group of approximately ten faculty and three project team members will spend roughly two weeks in a Latin American/Caribbean basin country. Various social science data collection processes and evaluation strategies will be the focus of the presentation. The use of preflective and reflective instruments to measure initial attitudes or beliefs about the context-rich multidisciplinary experience and expected gains from participating in the curricula development will be demonstrated.
文摘With the continuous promotion of the new curriculum reform and the further deepening of quality education, more and more junior middle school English teachers began to carry out the curriculum teaching mode based on the overall requirements of the new curriculum standard, among which the "unit whole" project is undoubtedly the most prominent attention. Accordingly, the author will be based on personal teaching experience and related research results, relying on the literature reference, case analysis method to obtain relevant information, from the perspective of the unit goal set, around "based on the research of junior high school English unit goal set" to write this article, and put forward several strategic suggestions on different aspects, hope you can bring certain inspiration and help to your work.
