A typical blasting vibration wave is a composite wave,and its attenuation law is affected by the type of dominant wave component.The purpose of the present study is to establish an attenuation equation of the peak par...A typical blasting vibration wave is a composite wave,and its attenuation law is affected by the type of dominant wave component.The purpose of the present study is to establish an attenuation equation of the peak particle velocity(PPV),taking into account the attenuation characteristics of P-,S-and R-waves in the blasting vibration wave.Field blasting tests were carried out as a case to specifically apply the proposed equation.In view of the fact that the discrete properties of rock mass will inevitably cause the uncertainty of blasting vibration,we also carried out a probability analysis of PPV uncertainty,and introduced the concept of reliability to evaluate blasting vibration.The results showed that the established attenuation equation had a higher prediction accuracy,and can be considered as a promising equation implemented on more complex sites.The adopted uncertainty analysis method can comprehensively take account of the attenuation law of blasting vibration measured on site and discrete properties of rock masses.The obtained distribution of the PPV uncertainty factor can quantitatively evaluate the reliability of blasting vibration,which is a powerful and necessary supplement to the PPV attenuation equation.展开更多
Multiphase flow meters as the potential alternatives to separation and metering techniques have been in rapid development since 1980 s.Before its field operation,the instrument should be calibrated in a standard test-...Multiphase flow meters as the potential alternatives to separation and metering techniques have been in rapid development since 1980 s.Before its field operation,the instrument should be calibrated in a standard test-facility.In spite of the known medium and large scale facilities all over the world,we developed a laboratory scale instrument for component fraction measurements.It has a two-phase flow homogenizer loop with the clamp-on potential of the meters to provide a regime independent measurement.It is capable of delivering a complete homogenization by γ-ray densitometer.With an error of±5%in component fraction measurements,this instrument is appropriate for testing and calibrating other meters.展开更多
Huang-Qin Decoction(HQD)is a classic prescription for diarrhea in Chinese medicine treatment.Recent studies have demonstrated that HQD and its modified formulation PHY906 could ameliorate irinotecan(CPT-11)induced gas...Huang-Qin Decoction(HQD)is a classic prescription for diarrhea in Chinese medicine treatment.Recent studies have demonstrated that HQD and its modified formulation PHY906 could ameliorate irinotecan(CPT-11)induced gastrointestinal(GI)toxicity and enhance its anticancer therapeutic efficacy.Nevertheless,which constituents in HQD are effective is still unclear so far.The study aims to screen out the key bioactive components combination from HQD that could enhance the anticancer effect of CPT-11.First,the potential bioactive constituents were obtained through system pharmacology strategy.Then the bioactivity of each constituent was investigated synthetically from the aspects of NCM460 cell migration,TNF-αrelease of THP-1-derived macrophage and MTT assay in HCT116 cell.The contribution of each constituent in HQD was evaluated using the bioactive index Ei,which taken the content and bioactivity into comprehensive consideration.And then,the most contributing constituents were selected out to form a keycomponent combination.At last,the bioefficacy of the key-component combination was validated in vitro and in vivo.As a result,a key-component combination(HB4)consisting of four compounds baicalin,baicalein,glycyrrhizic acid and wogonin was screened out.In vitro assessment indicated that HB4 could enhance the effect of CPT-11 on inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in HCT116.Furthermore,the in vivo study confirmed that HB4 and HQD have similar pharmacological activity and could both enhance the antitumor effect of CPT-11 in HCT116 xenograft model.Meanwhile,HB4 could also reduce the CPT-11 induced GI toxicity.展开更多
In this study,polyacrylic acid(PAA)films were employed as a model system,and a series of PAA films with tunable water wettability was systematically prepared by varying molecular weight and curing temperature.Using at...In this study,polyacrylic acid(PAA)films were employed as a model system,and a series of PAA films with tunable water wettability was systematically prepared by varying molecular weight and curing temperature.Using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR),the molecular configurations of surface carboxyl groups(COOH),free carboxyl(COOH_(f))and hydrogen-bonded carboxyl(COOH_(HB),were directly correlated with the polar component of surface energy(γ^(s,p)).By decomposing theγ^(s,p)values of the PAA thin films as a sum of the contributions of COOH_(f)and COOH_(H B),the intrinsic polar component of surface energy of COOH_(H B)(γ_(H B)^(s,p*))was quantified for the first time as 8.34 mN/m,significantly lower than that of COOH_(f)(γ_(f)^(s,p*)=34 mN/m).This result highlights that hydrogen bonding markedly reduces theγ^(s,p),providing a rational explanation for the relatively large water contact angle observed on PAA thin films.Furthermore,it establishes a thermodynamic basis for estimating the fraction of surface COOH_(H B)groups(f H B)from wettability measurements.Further extension of the model to carboxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers(COOH-SAMs)revealed that surface COOH density(ΣCOOH)critically regulates wetting behavior:whenΣCOOH ranges from 4.30 to 5.25 nm^(-2),COOH groups predominantly exist in a free state and facilitate effective hydration layers,thereby promoting superhydrophilicity.Overall,this study not only establishes a unified thermodynamic framework linking surface COOH configurations to macroscopic wettability,but also validates its universality by extending it to COOH-SAMs systems,thereby providing a unified theoretical framework for the controllable design of hydrophilicity in various COOH-functionalized surfaces.展开更多
目的:基于目前已有的中药肾损伤实验研究等相关文献,从药物整体毒性机制-具体药物成分毒性机制-肾损伤中药减毒措施-肾损伤中药现代评价方法全面系统化地分析当前肾损伤中药的毒理机制、毒理研究现状及毒理研究结果。以期能够为中药肾...目的:基于目前已有的中药肾损伤实验研究等相关文献,从药物整体毒性机制-具体药物成分毒性机制-肾损伤中药减毒措施-肾损伤中药现代评价方法全面系统化地分析当前肾损伤中药的毒理机制、毒理研究现状及毒理研究结果。以期能够为中药肾损伤现代化研究提供新思路,为中药配伍减毒、炮制减毒提供新切入点,在保障中药临床应用的安全性与科学性的基础上,同时为中药毒理学未来研究提供一定的参考。方法:通过检索中国知网、万方、维普、Pub Med和Web of Science数据库搜索中药肾损伤动物、细胞及临床研究等相关文献内容,对文献中肾损伤中药名称、毒性成分分类、毒性成分、肾损伤部位、毒性发生机制、减毒措施及相关评价方法进行整理归纳分析。结果:发现肾损伤中药的毒理机制主要涉及氧化应激、内质网应激、炎症细胞浸润、有机阴离子转运体等,其减毒措施主要包括配伍减毒、炮制减毒,其评价方法涉及动物实验、细胞模型、网络药理学、代谢组学、毒理基因组学、荧光探针技术。结论:目前对于肾损伤中药的毒理验证多从其毒理成分入手,结合多种实验方法验证,相较于先前的单一动物实验研究更为全面化和系统化。目前对于肾损伤中药的减毒方法基于中医药经典理论采用水煎、蒸制、炒制等传统减毒方法。此外随着科技进步,新型炮制减毒方法不断涌现,结构转化、发酵和微波等方法也是近年来中药减毒的重点研究方向。展开更多
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0711802)National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51439008 and 51779248).
文摘A typical blasting vibration wave is a composite wave,and its attenuation law is affected by the type of dominant wave component.The purpose of the present study is to establish an attenuation equation of the peak particle velocity(PPV),taking into account the attenuation characteristics of P-,S-and R-waves in the blasting vibration wave.Field blasting tests were carried out as a case to specifically apply the proposed equation.In view of the fact that the discrete properties of rock mass will inevitably cause the uncertainty of blasting vibration,we also carried out a probability analysis of PPV uncertainty,and introduced the concept of reliability to evaluate blasting vibration.The results showed that the established attenuation equation had a higher prediction accuracy,and can be considered as a promising equation implemented on more complex sites.The adopted uncertainty analysis method can comprehensively take account of the attenuation law of blasting vibration measured on site and discrete properties of rock masses.The obtained distribution of the PPV uncertainty factor can quantitatively evaluate the reliability of blasting vibration,which is a powerful and necessary supplement to the PPV attenuation equation.
基金financially supported by Radiation Application Research School as a part of Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute
文摘Multiphase flow meters as the potential alternatives to separation and metering techniques have been in rapid development since 1980 s.Before its field operation,the instrument should be calibrated in a standard test-facility.In spite of the known medium and large scale facilities all over the world,we developed a laboratory scale instrument for component fraction measurements.It has a two-phase flow homogenizer loop with the clamp-on potential of the meters to provide a regime independent measurement.It is capable of delivering a complete homogenization by γ-ray densitometer.With an error of±5%in component fraction measurements,this instrument is appropriate for testing and calibrating other meters.
基金the NSFC(Nos.81773861,81302733)Jiangsu Provincial National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.BK20180027)+3 种基金National Science and Technology Major Project(2017ZX09101001)Double First-Class University projectthe Program for Jiangsu Province Innovative Research Teama project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)gsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘Huang-Qin Decoction(HQD)is a classic prescription for diarrhea in Chinese medicine treatment.Recent studies have demonstrated that HQD and its modified formulation PHY906 could ameliorate irinotecan(CPT-11)induced gastrointestinal(GI)toxicity and enhance its anticancer therapeutic efficacy.Nevertheless,which constituents in HQD are effective is still unclear so far.The study aims to screen out the key bioactive components combination from HQD that could enhance the anticancer effect of CPT-11.First,the potential bioactive constituents were obtained through system pharmacology strategy.Then the bioactivity of each constituent was investigated synthetically from the aspects of NCM460 cell migration,TNF-αrelease of THP-1-derived macrophage and MTT assay in HCT116 cell.The contribution of each constituent in HQD was evaluated using the bioactive index Ei,which taken the content and bioactivity into comprehensive consideration.And then,the most contributing constituents were selected out to form a keycomponent combination.At last,the bioefficacy of the key-component combination was validated in vitro and in vivo.As a result,a key-component combination(HB4)consisting of four compounds baicalin,baicalein,glycyrrhizic acid and wogonin was screened out.In vitro assessment indicated that HB4 could enhance the effect of CPT-11 on inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in HCT116.Furthermore,the in vivo study confirmed that HB4 and HQD have similar pharmacological activity and could both enhance the antitumor effect of CPT-11 in HCT116 xenograft model.Meanwhile,HB4 could also reduce the CPT-11 induced GI toxicity.
文摘In this study,polyacrylic acid(PAA)films were employed as a model system,and a series of PAA films with tunable water wettability was systematically prepared by varying molecular weight and curing temperature.Using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR),the molecular configurations of surface carboxyl groups(COOH),free carboxyl(COOH_(f))and hydrogen-bonded carboxyl(COOH_(HB),were directly correlated with the polar component of surface energy(γ^(s,p)).By decomposing theγ^(s,p)values of the PAA thin films as a sum of the contributions of COOH_(f)and COOH_(H B),the intrinsic polar component of surface energy of COOH_(H B)(γ_(H B)^(s,p*))was quantified for the first time as 8.34 mN/m,significantly lower than that of COOH_(f)(γ_(f)^(s,p*)=34 mN/m).This result highlights that hydrogen bonding markedly reduces theγ^(s,p),providing a rational explanation for the relatively large water contact angle observed on PAA thin films.Furthermore,it establishes a thermodynamic basis for estimating the fraction of surface COOH_(H B)groups(f H B)from wettability measurements.Further extension of the model to carboxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers(COOH-SAMs)revealed that surface COOH density(ΣCOOH)critically regulates wetting behavior:whenΣCOOH ranges from 4.30 to 5.25 nm^(-2),COOH groups predominantly exist in a free state and facilitate effective hydration layers,thereby promoting superhydrophilicity.Overall,this study not only establishes a unified thermodynamic framework linking surface COOH configurations to macroscopic wettability,but also validates its universality by extending it to COOH-SAMs systems,thereby providing a unified theoretical framework for the controllable design of hydrophilicity in various COOH-functionalized surfaces.
文摘目的:基于目前已有的中药肾损伤实验研究等相关文献,从药物整体毒性机制-具体药物成分毒性机制-肾损伤中药减毒措施-肾损伤中药现代评价方法全面系统化地分析当前肾损伤中药的毒理机制、毒理研究现状及毒理研究结果。以期能够为中药肾损伤现代化研究提供新思路,为中药配伍减毒、炮制减毒提供新切入点,在保障中药临床应用的安全性与科学性的基础上,同时为中药毒理学未来研究提供一定的参考。方法:通过检索中国知网、万方、维普、Pub Med和Web of Science数据库搜索中药肾损伤动物、细胞及临床研究等相关文献内容,对文献中肾损伤中药名称、毒性成分分类、毒性成分、肾损伤部位、毒性发生机制、减毒措施及相关评价方法进行整理归纳分析。结果:发现肾损伤中药的毒理机制主要涉及氧化应激、内质网应激、炎症细胞浸润、有机阴离子转运体等,其减毒措施主要包括配伍减毒、炮制减毒,其评价方法涉及动物实验、细胞模型、网络药理学、代谢组学、毒理基因组学、荧光探针技术。结论:目前对于肾损伤中药的毒理验证多从其毒理成分入手,结合多种实验方法验证,相较于先前的单一动物实验研究更为全面化和系统化。目前对于肾损伤中药的减毒方法基于中医药经典理论采用水煎、蒸制、炒制等传统减毒方法。此外随着科技进步,新型炮制减毒方法不断涌现,结构转化、发酵和微波等方法也是近年来中药减毒的重点研究方向。
