Website Fingerprinting(WF)attacks enable a local eavesdropper to use metadata of packet fow,such as size,tim-ing,and direction,to infer the websites a user is visiting.This can damage the user privacy provided by anon...Website Fingerprinting(WF)attacks enable a local eavesdropper to use metadata of packet fow,such as size,tim-ing,and direction,to infer the websites a user is visiting.This can damage the user privacy provided by anonymity systems such as Tor.Tor has implemented the WF defense called Circuit Padding Framework,which provides an inter-face for developers to implement their own defenses.However,these defenses in the framework were overcome by the Deep Fingerprinting(DF)attack.In this paper,we propose a novel defense approach called break burst padding(Break-Pad),which injects a random number of padding packets into an incoming burst once the number of consecutive incoming packets exceeds a set number.We integrated Break-Pad into the existing Circuit Padding Framework.In addition,we have implemented two padding machines named August and October in the new framework and conducted experiments to evaluate these machines.In the open-world setting,our results show that August,with 29%bandwidth overhead,reduces Tik-Tok’s TPR by 14.48%and DF’s TPR by 22%.October outper-forms the best padding machine,RBB.With 36%bandwidth overhead,it drops Tik-Tok’s TPR to 74.24%and DF’s TPR to 65.36%.In the one-page setting,October further reduces the bandwidth overhead by 11%while achieving similar performance to RBB.In the information leak analysis,for the burst sequence feature of the trafc,October leaks at 2.453 bits,while the best comparable padding machine Interspace leaks at 2.629 bits.展开更多
文摘Website Fingerprinting(WF)attacks enable a local eavesdropper to use metadata of packet fow,such as size,tim-ing,and direction,to infer the websites a user is visiting.This can damage the user privacy provided by anonymity systems such as Tor.Tor has implemented the WF defense called Circuit Padding Framework,which provides an inter-face for developers to implement their own defenses.However,these defenses in the framework were overcome by the Deep Fingerprinting(DF)attack.In this paper,we propose a novel defense approach called break burst padding(Break-Pad),which injects a random number of padding packets into an incoming burst once the number of consecutive incoming packets exceeds a set number.We integrated Break-Pad into the existing Circuit Padding Framework.In addition,we have implemented two padding machines named August and October in the new framework and conducted experiments to evaluate these machines.In the open-world setting,our results show that August,with 29%bandwidth overhead,reduces Tik-Tok’s TPR by 14.48%and DF’s TPR by 22%.October outper-forms the best padding machine,RBB.With 36%bandwidth overhead,it drops Tik-Tok’s TPR to 74.24%and DF’s TPR to 65.36%.In the one-page setting,October further reduces the bandwidth overhead by 11%while achieving similar performance to RBB.In the information leak analysis,for the burst sequence feature of the trafc,October leaks at 2.453 bits,while the best comparable padding machine Interspace leaks at 2.629 bits.
