The paper outlines the background of the research on control of agriculture tridimensional pollution and its tendency.The new concept of agricultural tridimension pollution (ATriP) with its control theory is initiall...The paper outlines the background of the research on control of agriculture tridimensional pollution and its tendency.The new concept of agricultural tridimension pollution (ATriP) with its control theory is initially proposed as a result ofcontinuously increased agricultural pollution within the systems of hydrosphere, pedosphere, biosphere and atmospheredue to improper use of agricultural management measures. Furthermore, the high priority of the next 5-10 years nationalresearch domains and areas, and techniques for strengthening of ATriP prevention and control is discussed.展开更多
Agricultural tridimensional pollution （AtriP） has multi-directional and complicated chains. Circular economy is found to be an efficient mechanism that can help control AtriP. The application of three circular econo...Agricultural tridimensional pollution （AtriP） has multi-directional and complicated chains. Circular economy is found to be an efficient mechanism that can help control AtriP. The application of three circular economic modes in agriculture and its related industries call not only interdict the AtriP chains in different stages and different directions, but also produce greater ecological, social and economical returns with less input. Nevertheless, it is a complicated systematic engineering to construct and implement effective circular economic modes to bring AtriP under control, and it depends not only on the support of the relevant technology system, but also on the supports of the relevant policies and law systems.展开更多
Bumblebees play an important ecological economic role as pollinators in natureand agriculture.For reasons of biosecurity,many countries promote the cultivation of na-tive bumblebee species for crop pollination instead...Bumblebees play an important ecological economic role as pollinators in natureand agriculture.For reasons of biosecurity,many countries promote the cultivation of na-tive bumblebee species for crop pollination instead of importing“alien”species.In SouthChina,a few bumblebee species are considered useful in this way,particularly,Bombusatripes,Bombus bicoloratus and Bombus breviceps.However,whether they are suitablefor artificial rearing and forming healthy colonies for pollination,remains unknown.Inthis project,queens from the 3 native species of Guizhou Province were collected andcolonies were started under standardized conditions.The colonies were scored based on19 parameters,including the stage of colony development,number and weight of off-spring,and diet consumed.The data revealed that B.breviceps had the best performance,produced more workers and consumed the smallest diet.Next,we performed 16S rDNAsequencing of the bacterial communities found in the guts of offspring workers,and thena correlation analysis between colony performance and gut bacteria was conducted.Here,B.breviceps showed the highest diversity in gut bacterial composition,dominated by thebacteria Gilliamella,Snodgrassella,Enterobacter,and Lactobacillus Firm5.The higherthe abundance of Snodgrassella,the better the performance of the colony in the founda-tion stage,and later Lactobacillus Firm5,Apibacter and Bifidobacterium were beneficialduring the stages of rapid growth and colony decline.Although we do not understand allof the interactions yet,these correlations explain why B.breviceps demonstrated bettercolony performance.Our data provide valuable information for breeding local Bombusspecies and will contribute to developing strong colonies for crop pollination.展开更多
DNA damage response(DDR)is a highly conserved genome surveillance mechanism that preserves cell viability in the presence of chemotherapeutic drugs.Hence,small molecules that inhibit DDR are expected to enhance the an...DNA damage response(DDR)is a highly conserved genome surveillance mechanism that preserves cell viability in the presence of chemotherapeutic drugs.Hence,small molecules that inhibit DDR are expected to enhance the anti-cancer effect of chemotherapy.Through a recent chemical library screen,we identified shikonin as an inhibitor that strongly suppressed DDR activated by various chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer cell lines derived from different origins.Mechanistically,shikonin inhibited the activation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated(ATM),and to a lesser degree ATM and RAD3-related(ATR),two master upstream regulators of the DDR signal,through inducing degradation of ATM and ATR-interacting protein(ATRIP),an obligate associating protein of ATR,respectively.As a result of DDR inhibition,shikonin enhanced the anti-cancer effect of chemotherapeutic drugs in both cell cultures and in mouse models.While degradation of ATRIP is proteasome dependent,that of ATM depends on caspase-and lysosome-,but not proteasome.Overexpression of ATM significantly mitigated DDR inhibition and cell death induced by shikonin and chemotherapeutic drugs.These novel findings reveal shikonin as a pan DDR inhibitor and identify ATM as a primary factor in determining the chemo sensitizing effect of shikonin.Our data may facilitate the development of shikonin and its derivatives as potential chemotherapy sensitizers through inducing ATM degradation.展开更多
文摘The paper outlines the background of the research on control of agriculture tridimensional pollution and its tendency.The new concept of agricultural tridimension pollution (ATriP) with its control theory is initially proposed as a result ofcontinuously increased agricultural pollution within the systems of hydrosphere, pedosphere, biosphere and atmospheredue to improper use of agricultural management measures. Furthermore, the high priority of the next 5-10 years nationalresearch domains and areas, and techniques for strengthening of ATriP prevention and control is discussed.
文摘Agricultural tridimensional pollution （AtriP） has multi-directional and complicated chains. Circular economy is found to be an efficient mechanism that can help control AtriP. The application of three circular economic modes in agriculture and its related industries call not only interdict the AtriP chains in different stages and different directions, but also produce greater ecological, social and economical returns with less input. Nevertheless, it is a complicated systematic engineering to construct and implement effective circular economic modes to bring AtriP under control, and it depends not only on the support of the relevant technology system, but also on the supports of the relevant policies and law systems.
基金wasfunded by a project of the Planting Management Depart-ment of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(152307023)the Science and Technology Programof Qiandongnan Prefecture(Qiandongnan[2021]07).
文摘Bumblebees play an important ecological economic role as pollinators in natureand agriculture.For reasons of biosecurity,many countries promote the cultivation of na-tive bumblebee species for crop pollination instead of importing“alien”species.In SouthChina,a few bumblebee species are considered useful in this way,particularly,Bombusatripes,Bombus bicoloratus and Bombus breviceps.However,whether they are suitablefor artificial rearing and forming healthy colonies for pollination,remains unknown.Inthis project,queens from the 3 native species of Guizhou Province were collected andcolonies were started under standardized conditions.The colonies were scored based on19 parameters,including the stage of colony development,number and weight of off-spring,and diet consumed.The data revealed that B.breviceps had the best performance,produced more workers and consumed the smallest diet.Next,we performed 16S rDNAsequencing of the bacterial communities found in the guts of offspring workers,and thena correlation analysis between colony performance and gut bacteria was conducted.Here,B.breviceps showed the highest diversity in gut bacterial composition,dominated by thebacteria Gilliamella,Snodgrassella,Enterobacter,and Lactobacillus Firm5.The higherthe abundance of Snodgrassella,the better the performance of the colony in the founda-tion stage,and later Lactobacillus Firm5,Apibacter and Bifidobacterium were beneficialduring the stages of rapid growth and colony decline.Although we do not understand allof the interactions yet,these correlations explain why B.breviceps demonstrated bettercolony performance.Our data provide valuable information for breeding local Bombusspecies and will contribute to developing strong colonies for crop pollination.
基金supported by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021A1515011244,China)to Jinshan Tangthe National 111 Project of China(No.B13038,China)to Xinsheng Yao。
文摘DNA damage response(DDR)is a highly conserved genome surveillance mechanism that preserves cell viability in the presence of chemotherapeutic drugs.Hence,small molecules that inhibit DDR are expected to enhance the anti-cancer effect of chemotherapy.Through a recent chemical library screen,we identified shikonin as an inhibitor that strongly suppressed DDR activated by various chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer cell lines derived from different origins.Mechanistically,shikonin inhibited the activation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated(ATM),and to a lesser degree ATM and RAD3-related(ATR),two master upstream regulators of the DDR signal,through inducing degradation of ATM and ATR-interacting protein(ATRIP),an obligate associating protein of ATR,respectively.As a result of DDR inhibition,shikonin enhanced the anti-cancer effect of chemotherapeutic drugs in both cell cultures and in mouse models.While degradation of ATRIP is proteasome dependent,that of ATM depends on caspase-and lysosome-,but not proteasome.Overexpression of ATM significantly mitigated DDR inhibition and cell death induced by shikonin and chemotherapeutic drugs.These novel findings reveal shikonin as a pan DDR inhibitor and identify ATM as a primary factor in determining the chemo sensitizing effect of shikonin.Our data may facilitate the development of shikonin and its derivatives as potential chemotherapy sensitizers through inducing ATM degradation.
