Background:Wenqing Yin(WQY)is a classic prescription used to treat skin diseases like atopic dermatitis(AD)in China,and the aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of WQY o...Background:Wenqing Yin(WQY)is a classic prescription used to treat skin diseases like atopic dermatitis(AD)in China,and the aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of WQY on AD.Methods:The DNFB-induced mouse models of AD were established to investigate the therapeutic effects of WQY on AD.The symptoms of AD in the ears and backs of the mice were assessed,while inflammatory factors in the ear were quantified using quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),and the percentages of CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)cells in the spleen were analyzed through flow cytometry.The compounds in WQY were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)analysis and the key targets and pathways of WQY to treat AD were predicted by network pharmacology.Subsequently,the key genes were tested and verified by qRT-PCR,and the potential active components and target proteins were verified by molecular docking.Results:WQY relieved the AD symptoms and histopathological injuries in the ear and back skin of mice with AD.Meanwhile,WQY significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-1βin ear tissue,as well as the ratio of CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)cells in spleen.Additionally,a total of 142 compounds were identified from the water extract of WQY by UPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS.39 key targets related to AD were screened out by network pharmacology methods.The KEGG analysis indicated that the effects of WQY were primarily mediated through pathways associated with Toll-like receptor signaling and T cell receptor signaling.Moreover,the results of qRT-PCR demonstrated that WQY significantly reduced the mRNA expressions of IL-4,IL-10,GATA3 and FOXP3,and molecular docking simulation verified that the active components of WQY had excellent binding abilities with IL-4,IL-10,GATA3 and FOXP3 proteins.Conclusion:The present study demonstrated that WQY effectively relieved AD symptoms in mice,decreased the inflammatory factors levels,regulated the balance of CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)cells,and the mechanism may be associated with the suppression of Th2 and Treg cell immune responses.展开更多
Atopic dermatitis(AD)is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases.It usually develops in childhood and may persist into adulthood.Dupilumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against interle...Atopic dermatitis(AD)is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases.It usually develops in childhood and may persist into adulthood.Dupilumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin-4R-alpha,the common chain of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 receptors.Dupilumab showed clinical improvements in patients with atopic dermatitis,asthma,and chronic rhinosinusitis and is currently under development for other indications.However,there are many adverse effects reported after dupilumab therapy including local injection site reactions,conjunctivitis,headache,and nasopharyngitis.We report a new case of a 4-year-old child who experienced anaphylaxis after dupilumab injection.In addition to,we summary and disscuss the rare adverse reactions caused by dupilumab injection by searching the literature in pubmed.展开更多
Background:Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a prevalent chronic skin disorder with a complex etiology involving ge-netic,environmental,and immunological factors.The skin mycobiome has been increasingly implicated in the pathop...Background:Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a prevalent chronic skin disorder with a complex etiology involving ge-netic,environmental,and immunological factors.The skin mycobiome has been increasingly implicated in the pathophysiology of AD.Purpose:Provides a comprehensive overview of current understanding regarding the function of the skin mycobiome in AD,along with emerging research opportunities within this domain.Recent findings:In AD,the predominant fungi are Malassezia species,primarily M.restricta and M.globosa,yet their abundance is reduced,while the abundance of non-Malassezia fungi increases,leading to enhanced fungal diversity.Mycobiome may play a role in AD by eliciting immune responses or through interactions with other microorganisms.Conclusion:This review highlights the growing importance of mycobiome in AD,particularly Malassezia offers insights into disease pathogenesis and progression.展开更多
BACKGROUND Lichenoid amyloidosis(LA)is a subtype of primary cutaneous amyloidosis characterized by persistent multiple groups of hyperkeratotic papules,usually on the lower leg,back,forearm,or thigh.LA may be associat...BACKGROUND Lichenoid amyloidosis(LA)is a subtype of primary cutaneous amyloidosis characterized by persistent multiple groups of hyperkeratotic papules,usually on the lower leg,back,forearm,or thigh.LA may be associated with several skin diseases,including atopic dermatitis(AD).The treatment of LA is considered to be difficult.However,as there is some overlap in the etiopathogenesis of LA and AD,AD treatment may also be effective for LA.CASE SUMMARY Case 1:A 70-year-old man was diagnosed with severe AD with LA based on large dark erythema and papules on the trunk and buttocks and dense hemispherical millet-shaped papules with pruritus on the extensor side of the lower limbs.He had a long history of the disease(8 years),with repeated and polymorphic skin lesions.Given the poor efficacy of traditional treatments,this patient was recommended to receive dupilumab treatment.At the initial stage,300 mg was injected subcutaneously every 2 wk.After 28 wk,the drug interval was extended to 1 mo due to the pandemic.Follow-up observations revealed that the patient reached an Eczema Area Severity Index of 90(skin lesions improved by 90%compared with the baseline)by the end of the study.Moreover,Investigator's Global Assessment score was 1,and scoring atopic dermatitis index and numeric rating scale improved by 97.7%and 87.5%compared with the baseline,respectively,with LA skin lesions having largely subsided.Case 2:A 30-year-old woman was diagnosed with severe AD with LA,due to dense and substantial papules on the dorsal hands similar to changes in cutaneous amyloidosis,and erythema and papules scattered on limbs and trunk with pruritus,present for 25 years.After 16 wk of dupilumab treatment,she stopped,and skin lesions completely subsided,without recurrence since the last follow-up.CONCLUSION Dupilumab shows rational efficacy and safety in the treatment of severe AD with LA,in addition to benefits in the quality of life of the patients.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to investigate the association of atopic dermatitis(AD)and anxiety/depression behaviors induced by AD with the intestinal microbiota.Additionally,it sought to evaluate the therapeutic potent...Objective:This study aimed to investigate the association of atopic dermatitis(AD)and anxiety/depression behaviors induced by AD with the intestinal microbiota.Additionally,it sought to evaluate the therapeutic potential of mannan oligosaccharide(MOS)in alleviating AD symptoms through the modulation of the gut microbiota and the enhancement of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)production.Methods:Female Kunming mice were challenged with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene(DNFB)to induce AD-like symptoms.MOS was administered orally daily for 14 days.On the 6th and 11th days post-modeling,the number of scratching bouts in mice was recorded.Following dissection,epidermal thickness,mast cell infiltration,and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured.Meanwhile,cerebral levels of neurotransmitters,including 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and norepinephrine(NE),were assessed.The abundance of intestinal microbiota and fecal concentrations of SCFAs were also analyzed.Results:MOS significantly reduced AD-like symptoms by reducing inflammatory cytokines,as reflected in a significant decrease in the number of scratching bouts,epidermal thickness,mast cells and inflammatory cytokine levels.MOS intervention up-regulated the expression of 5-HT and NE,and consequently alleviated anxiety and depression-like behaviors.Furthermore,compared with the AD group,MOS intervention increased the gut microbiota abundance of mice,especially beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus and Klebsiella.At the same time,these beneficial bacteria significantly increased the fecal contents of SCFAs,especially propionic acid.Correlation analysis indicated that AD amelioration was positively correlated with fecal SCFAs levels and the proliferation of certain intestinal microbes.Conclusion:MOS intervention could offer a novel approach to managing AD and its psychological comorbidities.展开更多
Dead Sea (DS) mud and water are known for their unique composition of minerals, and for their therapeutic properties on inflammatory skin diseases. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of an emollie...Dead Sea (DS) mud and water are known for their unique composition of minerals, and for their therapeutic properties on inflammatory skin diseases. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of an emollient cream enriched with DS water in children with atopic dermatitis (AD). Eighty six AD children were randomized in a double-blind controlled study to receive twice-daily topical treatment with a body cream enriched with DS minerals (TP) compared to two types of control: 1) DM, DS minerals with lower DS water concentrations than TP, and 2) an emollient (E) with no DS minerals. Efficacy was assessed by a change in clinical skin severity scores: SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), investigator’s global assessment (IGA) and patient global assessment (PGA) as well as by objective physiological parameters: transepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum hydration (SCH), affected body surface area (BSA) and Objective Severity Assessment of Atopic Dermatitis (OSAAD). The total length of the trial was 12 weeks divided to 6 visits at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12. The study showed that both TP and DM creams improved OSAAD scores. Only TP improved TEWL and SCH. TP was the most effective regarding TEWL, SCH and OSAAD compared to DM and E. Treatment with E decreased more significantly IGA score compared to TP. Although within each treatment group significant improvements in SCH, BSA, SCORAD, IGA and PGA were observed, the reduction in BSA, SCORAD and PGA was not significantly different among the groups. Our results clearly show the benefits of TP as a leave on-skin emulsion enrich with DS water in terms of skin barrier function. Thus, TP can serve as an effective adjuvant treatment for AD skin as well as for its maintenance.展开更多
Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a common multifactorial skin disease characterized by chronic inflammation,unbearable itching,and significant physical and mental burden on patients.In recent years,there has been extensively s...Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a common multifactorial skin disease characterized by chronic inflammation,unbearable itching,and significant physical and mental burden on patients.In recent years,there has been extensively studied on the use of natural polysaccharides in anti-inflammatory therapy,due to their low toxicity and multi-target pharmacological activity.The unique biological activities of polysaccharides from natural sources as functional food additives and cosmeceuticals present a new option for the treatment of AD.This review aims to summarize the pathogenesis of AD,the therapeutic effects,and the mechanisms of natural polysaccharides,as well as discuss the limitations and prospects of these compounds in the treatment of AD.The insights provided in this review can serve as references and inspiration for the development of applications of natural polysaccharides in the treatment of AD.展开更多
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by visible lesions that can lead to anxiety and depression.These psychological impacts may severely affect the physical and mental h...BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by visible lesions that can lead to anxiety and depression.These psychological impacts may severely affect the physical and mental health and the overall quality of life of the affected individuals.AIM To identify the risk factors for anxiety and depression among patients with AD and to assess their influence on prognosis.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 273 patients with AD who visited Shanghai Jinshan Tinglin Hospital between July 2021 and June 2023.Data were collected using standardized instruments,including the general information questionnaire,hospital anxiety and depression scale,scoring AD index,and dermatology life quality index.RESULTS Among the evaluated patients,24.5%had symptoms of anxiety,and 19.8%had symptoms of depression.Independent risk factors for anxiety included lower education level[odds ratio(OR)=0.338,95%confidence interval(CI):0.183-0.625],increased number of medical visits(OR=2.300,95%CI:1.234-4.255),sleep disorders(OR=2.013,95%CI:1.032-3.923),and allergic rhinitis(OR=2.052,95%CI:1.097-3.839).Factors for depression included more severe pruritus(OR=6.837,95%CI:1.330-35.132),higher number of medical visits(OR=2.979,95%CI:1.430-6.205),sleep disorders(OR=2.245,95%CI:1.033-5.024),and asthma(OR=2.208,95%CI:1.003-4.859).Dermatology life quality index scores correlated positively with anxiety,depression,scoring AD index,sleep disorders,number of visits,and intensity of pruritus(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In patients with AD,anxiety and depression are associated with educational level,frequency of medical visits,sleep disorders,allergic rhinitis,pruritus,and asthma,all of which exacerbate symptoms and reduce quality of life.展开更多
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis(AD),or eczema,is a chronic,pruritic inflammatory skin disease affecting children and adults.Socioeconomic status(SES)plays a significant role in developing AD.However,mixed evidence from a...BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis(AD),or eczema,is a chronic,pruritic inflammatory skin disease affecting children and adults.Socioeconomic status(SES)plays a significant role in developing AD.However,mixed evidence from a previous study by Bajwa et al makes it difficult to determine the directionality of the association.There is a lite-rature gap in understanding the causal association between AD and socioeco-nomic factors.AIM To evaluate the impact of disparities in SES on pediatric AD populations.METHODS Based on the eligibility criteria,the literature review identified eight articles since July 2021,and a descriptive analysis was conducted using an Excel spreadsheet on key components collected from the identified studies.RESULTS Eight observational studies assessed SES in pediatric AD.Five observational studies showed mixed associations between AD and SES.Sub-analysis revealed that urban areas had a higher prevalence of AD,and four studies identified a positive association between parental education and AD in the pediatric popu-lation.Socioeconomic variables,such as residential areas and household income,significantly influence disease outcomes.CONCLUSION There is mixed association between pediatric AD and SES,with AD positively associated with parental education.There is critical need to evaluate global impact of SES variables on pediatric AD.展开更多
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that poses a substantial burden on patients'physical health,as well as on their psychological health and quality of life.This study specifically ...BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that poses a substantial burden on patients'physical health,as well as on their psychological health and quality of life.This study specifically examines active disease phases(excluding spontaneous remission periods)to investigate the efficacy of continuous treatments on the psychological state and life quality of patients with atopic dermatitis.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of continuous treatment strategies,including dermatological care,psychological counseling,education,and long-term follow-up,on the psychological state and quality of life in patients with atopic dermatitis.METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 120 atopic dermatitis patients treated at our hospital between June 2023 and May 2024.A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned into control and intervention groups(60 patients each).The control group underwent routine treatment,and the intervention group was treated using continuous treatment strategies,including personalized skin care plan,psychological counseling,patient education,and long-term follow-up.Quality of life and psychological status of patients were assessed using the dermatology life quality index and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.RESULTS At 12 months post-intervention,the dermatology life quality index scores in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.01),implying improved quality of life.The anxiety and depression symptoms were significantly lower in the intervention group when compared to the control group(P<0.05)as per the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.In the intervention group,the rate of recurrence of skin symptoms was 15%compared to 35%in the control group,with a statistically significant difference between the two groups.CONCLUSION Continuous treatment for atopic dermatitis patients greatly improve their psychological state and quality of life,enhance disease-free survival,and offer new trains of thought for clinical treatment.Personalized integrated management over a prolonged time is important to improve quality of life in such patients.展开更多
Objective:To assess the safety and topical efficacy of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin(POG)and investigate the molecular mechanisms of its therapeutic effects in atopic dermatitis(AD).Methods:The effects of POG on human kera...Objective:To assess the safety and topical efficacy of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin(POG)and investigate the molecular mechanisms of its therapeutic effects in atopic dermatitis(AD).Methods:The effects of POG on human keratinocyte cell viability and its anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated using cell counting kit-8 assay and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).Subsequently,the impact of POG on the differentiation of cluster of differentiation(CD)4~+T cell subsets,including T-helper type(Th)1,Th2,Th17,and regulatory T(Treg),was examined through in vitro experiments.Network pharmacology analysis was used to elucidate POG's therapeutic mechanisms.Furthermore,the therapeutic potential of topically applied POG was further evaluated in a calcipotriol-induced mouse model of AD.The protein and transcript levels of inflammatory markers,including cytokines,lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase(Lck)mRNA,and LCK phosphorylation(p-LCK),were quantified using immunohistochemistry,RT-qPCR,and Western blot analysis.Results:POG was able to suppress cell proliferation and downregulate the transcription of interleukin 4(Il4)and Il13 mRNA.In vitro experiments indicated that POG significantly inhibited the differentiation of Th2 cells,whereas it exerted negligible influence on the differentiation of Th1,Th17 and Treg cells.Network pharmacology identified LCK as a key therapeutic target of POG.Moreover,the topical application of POG effectively alleviated skin lesions in the calcipotriol-induced AD mouse models without causing pathological changes in the liver,kidney or spleen tissues.POG significantly reduced the levels of Il4,Il5,Il13,and thymic stromal lymphopoietin(Tslp)m RNA in the AD mice.Concurrently,POG enhanced the expression of p-LCK protein and Lck mRNA.Conclusion:Our research revealed that POG inhibits Th2 cell differentiation by promoting p-LCK protein expression and hence effectively alleviates AD-related skin inflammation.展开更多
Background:Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by recurrent eczema-like rashes and severe itching.Taxi San is an external herbal formulation with the effects of clearing heat,drying...Background:Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by recurrent eczema-like rashes and severe itching.Taxi San is an external herbal formulation with the effects of clearing heat,drying dampness,detoxifying,and relieving itching,making it suitable for treating acute and subacute dermatitis or eczema.Objectives:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of topical Taxi San in treating atopic dermatitis patients with dampness-heat syndrome and its inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)colonization.Methods:50 patients with atopic dermatitis were enrolled from the Dermatology Department of Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,with bilateral symmetrical lesions selected as target sites.The control-side lesions were treated with boric acid solution wet compresses,while the treatment-side lesions received Taxi San solution wet compresses,both administered twice daily for 14 d.Clinical efficacy was evaluated using the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis(SCORAD),Investigator Global Assessment(IGA),Dermatology Life Quality Index/Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index(DLQI/CDLQI),adverse events(AEs)and S.aureus colonization density,which were compared between the groups.The antibacterial efficacy of Taxi San was further investigated through in vitro antibacterial tests.Results:After 14 d of treatment with Taxi San,erythema and pimples were reduced on the treated sides.Additionally,the SCORAD,IGA,and DLQI/CDLQI scores showed significant decreases(P<0.05).S.aureus colonization on the treated sides declined markedly from 78%to 4.76%.Compared to the control sides,the reduction in S.aureus colonization following 14 d of Taxi San treatment was statistically significant(P<0.05).Furthermore,in vitro antibacterial assays demonstrated that the minimum inhibitory concentration of Taxi San against the seven tested S.aureus strains was 0.125 g/mL.Conclusions:Taxi San effectively reduces S.aureus colonization and ameliorates clinical symptoms in atopic dermatitis patients with dampness-heat syndrome,demonstrating high therapeutic potential and safety.展开更多
Vitamin D,beyond its classical role in calcium homeostasis,has emerged as a key regulator of immune function and epithelial barrier integrity.Its deficiency during early childhood—a critical period for immune maturat...Vitamin D,beyond its classical role in calcium homeostasis,has emerged as a key regulator of immune function and epithelial barrier integrity.Its deficiency during early childhood—a critical period for immune maturation—has been increasingly implicated in the development of atopic diseases.While extensively studied in asthma,its role in non-respiratory allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis(AD)and allergic rhinitis(AR)remains comparatively underexplored.This minireview synthesizes current mechanistic and clinical evidence on vitamin D in pediatric AD and AR.In AD,vitamin D promotes epidermal barrier function through upregulation of filaggrin and ceramide synthesis,and enhances antimicrobial defense via induction of antimicrobial peptides.Observational studies consistently report lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in affected children,particularly those with allergic sensitization.Select randomized controlled trials suggest clinical improvement with supplementation,especially at doses>2000 IU/day in deficient individuals.In AR,epidemiological data indicate stronger inverse associations with seasonal(pollen-induced)disease.Proposed mechanisms include modulation of dendritic cells,regulatory T cells,T helper 2 cytokines,and mucosal barrier integrity.The shared immunopathogenesis of AD and AR underscores vitamin D’s relevance.Although promising,clinical evidence remains heterogeneous.Future research should prioritize phenotype-stratified trials to clarify optimal dosing,timing,and individual response determinants,including genetics and microbiome composition.展开更多
Atopic dermatitis,a common chronic inflammatory skin disease,has an unclear etiology and may involve multiple factors such as genetic predisposition,immune abnormalities,and impaired skin barrier function.Currently,th...Atopic dermatitis,a common chronic inflammatory skin disease,has an unclear etiology and may involve multiple factors such as genetic predisposition,immune abnormalities,and impaired skin barrier function.Currently,there is no specific medication available for the complete cure of atopic dermatitis.The current treatment approaches mainly focus on symptom relief and control rather than curative treatment.Some commonly used medications for atopic dermatitis,such as topical corticosteroids and immunosuppressants,may have certain adverse reactions and side effects.This review summarizes the research progress on natural extracts in the treatment of atopic dermatitis,aiming to provide a foundation for the development of safe and side-effectfree medications.展开更多
Research Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition in children that significantly impacts physical health and quality of life. Adherence to treatment regimens is crucial for effective...Research Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition in children that significantly impacts physical health and quality of life. Adherence to treatment regimens is crucial for effective disease management but is often hindered by various psychosocial and socioeconomic barriers. Parental mental health issues, family dynamics, financial constraints, and limited access to specialized care contribute to inconsistent treatment adherence, exacerbating the condition. Purpose/Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the multifaceted barriers to treatment adherence in children with AD and evaluate the effectiveness of current interventions targeting these challenges. The study seeks to identify strategies that can improve adherence and health outcomes by addressing psychosocial and socioeconomic factors. Method: The method involves a comprehensive review of existing literature on the impact of psychosocial and socioeconomic factors on treatment adherence in children with AD. The study also examines various interventions designed to address these barriers, including community support programs, family-centered interventions, financial aid, integrated care models, and telehealth solutions. Results: Results indicate that psychosocial barriers, such as parental anxiety and depression, significantly hinder effective disease management. Family dynamics, including poor communication and single-parent households, complicate adherence efforts. Socioeconomic factors, such as financial constraints and limited healthcare access, further impede adherence. Interventions that address these barriers show promise in improving treatment adherence and health outcomes. Community support programs and family-centered interventions enhance parental mental health and family communication. Financial aid programs and integrated care models help mitigate economic and logistical challenges. Telehealth solutions improve access to specialized care, particularly in underserved areas. Conclusion: The study concludes that a holistic approach integrating medical treatment with psychosocial and socioeconomic support is essential for managing pediatric AD effectively. Policy recommendations include increased funding for community support programs, expanded telehealth services, and the integration of social services with medical care. Addressing these barriers comprehensively can enhance treatment adherence and improve the quality of life for children with AD. Further research should focus on long-term outcomes and diverse populations to refine these interventions and ensure they meet the needs of all affected children.展开更多
Background:Atopic dermatitis(AD)is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that currently cannot be completely cured.The allergic constitution is the foundation of AD,and the therapy of regulating constitution th...Background:Atopic dermatitis(AD)is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that currently cannot be completely cured.The allergic constitution is the foundation of AD,and the therapy of regulating constitution through Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)may be a reliable and effective approach to treat AD.This case report presents the therapeutic course of Tuomin-Shizhen-Decoction in treating an adult patient with AD.Case presentation:A 20-year-old adult female visited the outpatient clinic with 5-year medical history of AD,combined with recurrent relapse.She presented with pruritus and dermatitis around the skin of eyes,mouth,neck and chest,and tested positive for multiple allergens.After treatment with Tuomin-Shizhen-Decoction,her skin became smooth and intact,and the pruritus disappeared.The symptoms remained stable without recurrence during the six-month follow-up period,and she tested negative for the allergens that had previously tested positive.Conclusion:The case report suggests that the Tuomin-Shizhen-Decoction,formulated based on the constitution differentiation,disease differentiation,and syndrome differentiation,may be a reliable option for individualized treatment of AD.It can improve the anti-allergic ability by regulating constitution,offering not only significant clinical effects but also a certain degree of long-term control.展开更多
Atopic dermatitis （AD） is a common and frequently encountered disease, which frequently appears in children. According to statistics, the percentage of AD patients between ages of 6 to 20 in dermatology clinics is 3...Atopic dermatitis （AD） is a common and frequently encountered disease, which frequently appears in children. According to statistics, the percentage of AD patients between ages of 6 to 20 in dermatology clinics is 30%^1, and the incidence in school-age children is 2%-3%^2. AD has no corresponding nomenclature in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. According to the initial time of attack in early childhood, it cma be classified as NaiXuan and TaiXuan; according to the location of the disease （elbow fossa and popliteal fossa）, it can be classified as SiWanFeng; according to the specific cases of different characteristics of lesions, it can be classified as ShiChuang, JinYinchuang, XueFengChuang. In TCM, the etiology of AD is complicated. It is generally considered that the pathogenesis of AD is spleen deficiency and damp-heat^3. When children suffer from pathogenic wind, pathogenic dampness, pathogenic heat, or insufficient natural endowment, damp-heat is produced and it injures patients＇ skin. Also latent damp-heat can deplete the blood and succus in the body, dry the skin and lead to AD. In short, AD can be divided into 3 syndrome types in TCM： syndrome of spleen deficiency, syndrome of damp-heat, syndrome of blood deficiency. At present, the clinical study of AD treated by TCM is increasing, but the study of children＇s treatment is still rare. This article aims to make a summary of clinical studies of children＇s AD treated with TCM in recent years.展开更多
Bamboo salt(BS) is a traditional Korean food, and has been reported to have anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-metastatic effects. However, the anti-atopic dermatitis(AD) activity of BS has not been described ye...Bamboo salt(BS) is a traditional Korean food, and has been reported to have anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-metastatic effects. However, the anti-atopic dermatitis(AD) activity of BS has not been described yet. In the present study, we examined the preventive effect of BS on AD. The effect of oral administration of BS was tested in a 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene(DNFB)-induced AD animal model, by histological analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, caspase-1 assay, and Western blotting analysis. BS administration reduced the total clinical severity and scratching frequencies, compared with the AD group. In the serum of DNFB-induced AD mice, the levels of IgE, histamine, thymic stromal lymphopoietin(TSLP), interleukin(IL)-5, and IL-13 were significantly reduced by BS treatment. BS significantly reduced the protein and mRNA expression of TSLP, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the AD skin lesions. BS markedly reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Furthermore, the activation of caspase-1 was reduced by BS in the AD skin lesions. Our results suggested that BS should be considered as a candidate treatment for allergic inflammatory diseases including AD.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate effect of Yupingfeng granules, prepared with Chinese Medicines, on the wound healing and on the expression of aquaporin3(AQP3) and the skin barrier in the animal models of atopic dermatitis(A...OBJECTIVE: To investigate effect of Yupingfeng granules, prepared with Chinese Medicines, on the wound healing and on the expression of aquaporin3(AQP3) and the skin barrier in the animal models of atopic dermatitis(AD).METHODS: Acute skin lesions of AD models were prepared using 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzo(DNCB) in mice and animals were treated with either Yupingfeng granules or placebo for two weeks. Skin wound healing outcome was assessed by measuring skin thickness, weight(quality) of the skin, and trans-epidermal water loss(TEWL). Expression of AQP3 mRNA and protein was assessed by reverse transcriotion polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and immunoblotting, respectively.RESULTS: Yupingfeng granule treatment resulted in significant acceleration of wound healing with63.64% efficiency, which was significantly higher than that of placebo granule treatment(31.82%,P < 0.01 by Wilcoxon Rank-sum test). Skin thickness, weight of the wounded skin, and TEWL were significantly higher in the AD models compared to that of normal animals. Treatment with Yupingfeng granules resulted in significant decrease in skin thickness [(937 ± 31) vs(360 ± 21) μm, P < 0.01],weight of the wounded skin [(42 ± 4) vs(24 ± 5)mg, P < 0.01], and TEWL [(30 ± 4) vs(13 ± 4) g·h^(-1)·m-2, P < 0.01]. Yupingfeng granules also significantly down-regulated mRNA and protein expression of AQP3 in the animal models.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested that Yupingfeng granules could be used in AD treatment.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of bacilli Galmette-Gurin(BCG)-polysaccharide nuceic acid on atopic dermatitis in mice and its mechanism.Methods:Forty NC/Nga mice were selected and randomly divided into Group A(model ...Objective:To explore the effect of bacilli Galmette-Gurin(BCG)-polysaccharide nuceic acid on atopic dermatitis in mice and its mechanism.Methods:Forty NC/Nga mice were selected and randomly divided into Group A(model group),Group B(dexamethasone treatment group),Group C(BCG polysaccharide nucleic acid treatment group) and Group D(control group) with 10 mice in each group.Atopic dermatitis model were constructed by applying 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene on the skin of the mice.Mice in Group D were treated with acetone solution(100 μ L) on the foot pad and abdomen after hair removal at the age of 7 weeks.then on ear skin at the age of 8-13 weeks.For mice in A,B and C groups,100 μL of acetone solution containing 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene was applied to the foot pad and the abdomen at the age of 7 weeks,then on ear skins at the age of8 to 13 weeks.At the age of 7-13 weeks,mice in Group A and Group D were treated with 100 μL saline(i.p.);mice were given dexamethasone(0.1 mL/kg,i.p.) every other day for 7 weeks in Group B;mice were treated with BCG polysaccharide nucleic acid(0.5 mg/kg,i.p.) every other day for7 weeks in Group C.The ear thickness was measured every week and the scratching frequency was recorded 1 times for 10 min a week.The mice were sacrificed after the last administration of drugs,IgE,IL-4,IL-10,IL-I2 and IFN- γ in the plasma were detected using ELISA,and RT-PCR method was employed to detect the concentrations of IL-4,IL-10,IL-12 and IFN- γ proteins.After IIK staining,the lesion degree of inflammation in ear tissue was observed microscopically.Results:The ear thickness and scratching frequency of Group A were significantly higher than those in group B,C and D(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between Group B and C(P>0.05);the concentrations of IgE,IL-4 and IL-10 in the plasma and the expression of IL-4,IL-10 mRNA in the spleen tissues of Group A,B and C were all significantly higher than those of Group D(P<0.05);the concentrations of plasma IL-12 and IFN- γ,and spleen protein expression of IL-12 and IFN- γ in Group C mice were significantly higher than those of Group A(P<0.05).Histological observation showed obvious ear tissue exudation,erythema,swelling,desquamation of skin,and scabbing in Group A.Histopathology of the skin lesion also showed hyperkeratosis,focal-parakeratosis,stratum spinosum hypertrophy,mild sponge-like edema,a large number of lymphocytes along with plasma cell infiltration in dermis,angiectasis and hyperemia in Group A,while degree of ear skin lesion in Group B and D mice was significandy lighter than that of Group A.Conclusions:BCC polysaccharide nucleic acid can significandy reduce the serum IgE concentrations,increase the expression of IL-12,IFN- γ protein,correct the imbalance of Th1/Th2 in atopic dermatitis mice,and has obvious inhibitory effect on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82004252)the Project of Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province(202405112017596500)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(202102020533).
文摘Background:Wenqing Yin(WQY)is a classic prescription used to treat skin diseases like atopic dermatitis(AD)in China,and the aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of WQY on AD.Methods:The DNFB-induced mouse models of AD were established to investigate the therapeutic effects of WQY on AD.The symptoms of AD in the ears and backs of the mice were assessed,while inflammatory factors in the ear were quantified using quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),and the percentages of CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)cells in the spleen were analyzed through flow cytometry.The compounds in WQY were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)analysis and the key targets and pathways of WQY to treat AD were predicted by network pharmacology.Subsequently,the key genes were tested and verified by qRT-PCR,and the potential active components and target proteins were verified by molecular docking.Results:WQY relieved the AD symptoms and histopathological injuries in the ear and back skin of mice with AD.Meanwhile,WQY significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-1βin ear tissue,as well as the ratio of CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)cells in spleen.Additionally,a total of 142 compounds were identified from the water extract of WQY by UPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS.39 key targets related to AD were screened out by network pharmacology methods.The KEGG analysis indicated that the effects of WQY were primarily mediated through pathways associated with Toll-like receptor signaling and T cell receptor signaling.Moreover,the results of qRT-PCR demonstrated that WQY significantly reduced the mRNA expressions of IL-4,IL-10,GATA3 and FOXP3,and molecular docking simulation verified that the active components of WQY had excellent binding abilities with IL-4,IL-10,GATA3 and FOXP3 proteins.Conclusion:The present study demonstrated that WQY effectively relieved AD symptoms in mice,decreased the inflammatory factors levels,regulated the balance of CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)cells,and the mechanism may be associated with the suppression of Th2 and Treg cell immune responses.
基金supported by Clinical Research Operating Fund of Central High Level Hospitals(2022-PUMCH-B-088).
文摘Atopic dermatitis(AD)is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases.It usually develops in childhood and may persist into adulthood.Dupilumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin-4R-alpha,the common chain of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 receptors.Dupilumab showed clinical improvements in patients with atopic dermatitis,asthma,and chronic rhinosinusitis and is currently under development for other indications.However,there are many adverse effects reported after dupilumab therapy including local injection site reactions,conjunctivitis,headache,and nasopharyngitis.We report a new case of a 4-year-old child who experienced anaphylaxis after dupilumab injection.In addition to,we summary and disscuss the rare adverse reactions caused by dupilumab injection by searching the literature in pubmed.
基金supported by CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS,No.2022-I2M-C&T-B-096)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82373489,82273542,82304023).
文摘Background:Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a prevalent chronic skin disorder with a complex etiology involving ge-netic,environmental,and immunological factors.The skin mycobiome has been increasingly implicated in the pathophysiology of AD.Purpose:Provides a comprehensive overview of current understanding regarding the function of the skin mycobiome in AD,along with emerging research opportunities within this domain.Recent findings:In AD,the predominant fungi are Malassezia species,primarily M.restricta and M.globosa,yet their abundance is reduced,while the abundance of non-Malassezia fungi increases,leading to enhanced fungal diversity.Mycobiome may play a role in AD by eliciting immune responses or through interactions with other microorganisms.Conclusion:This review highlights the growing importance of mycobiome in AD,particularly Malassezia offers insights into disease pathogenesis and progression.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81803160Scientific Development Program of Jilin Province,No.20200801078GH.
文摘BACKGROUND Lichenoid amyloidosis(LA)is a subtype of primary cutaneous amyloidosis characterized by persistent multiple groups of hyperkeratotic papules,usually on the lower leg,back,forearm,or thigh.LA may be associated with several skin diseases,including atopic dermatitis(AD).The treatment of LA is considered to be difficult.However,as there is some overlap in the etiopathogenesis of LA and AD,AD treatment may also be effective for LA.CASE SUMMARY Case 1:A 70-year-old man was diagnosed with severe AD with LA based on large dark erythema and papules on the trunk and buttocks and dense hemispherical millet-shaped papules with pruritus on the extensor side of the lower limbs.He had a long history of the disease(8 years),with repeated and polymorphic skin lesions.Given the poor efficacy of traditional treatments,this patient was recommended to receive dupilumab treatment.At the initial stage,300 mg was injected subcutaneously every 2 wk.After 28 wk,the drug interval was extended to 1 mo due to the pandemic.Follow-up observations revealed that the patient reached an Eczema Area Severity Index of 90(skin lesions improved by 90%compared with the baseline)by the end of the study.Moreover,Investigator's Global Assessment score was 1,and scoring atopic dermatitis index and numeric rating scale improved by 97.7%and 87.5%compared with the baseline,respectively,with LA skin lesions having largely subsided.Case 2:A 30-year-old woman was diagnosed with severe AD with LA,due to dense and substantial papules on the dorsal hands similar to changes in cutaneous amyloidosis,and erythema and papules scattered on limbs and trunk with pruritus,present for 25 years.After 16 wk of dupilumab treatment,she stopped,and skin lesions completely subsided,without recurrence since the last follow-up.CONCLUSION Dupilumab shows rational efficacy and safety in the treatment of severe AD with LA,in addition to benefits in the quality of life of the patients.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to investigate the association of atopic dermatitis(AD)and anxiety/depression behaviors induced by AD with the intestinal microbiota.Additionally,it sought to evaluate the therapeutic potential of mannan oligosaccharide(MOS)in alleviating AD symptoms through the modulation of the gut microbiota and the enhancement of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)production.Methods:Female Kunming mice were challenged with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene(DNFB)to induce AD-like symptoms.MOS was administered orally daily for 14 days.On the 6th and 11th days post-modeling,the number of scratching bouts in mice was recorded.Following dissection,epidermal thickness,mast cell infiltration,and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured.Meanwhile,cerebral levels of neurotransmitters,including 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and norepinephrine(NE),were assessed.The abundance of intestinal microbiota and fecal concentrations of SCFAs were also analyzed.Results:MOS significantly reduced AD-like symptoms by reducing inflammatory cytokines,as reflected in a significant decrease in the number of scratching bouts,epidermal thickness,mast cells and inflammatory cytokine levels.MOS intervention up-regulated the expression of 5-HT and NE,and consequently alleviated anxiety and depression-like behaviors.Furthermore,compared with the AD group,MOS intervention increased the gut microbiota abundance of mice,especially beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus and Klebsiella.At the same time,these beneficial bacteria significantly increased the fecal contents of SCFAs,especially propionic acid.Correlation analysis indicated that AD amelioration was positively correlated with fecal SCFAs levels and the proliferation of certain intestinal microbes.Conclusion:MOS intervention could offer a novel approach to managing AD and its psychological comorbidities.
文摘Dead Sea (DS) mud and water are known for their unique composition of minerals, and for their therapeutic properties on inflammatory skin diseases. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of an emollient cream enriched with DS water in children with atopic dermatitis (AD). Eighty six AD children were randomized in a double-blind controlled study to receive twice-daily topical treatment with a body cream enriched with DS minerals (TP) compared to two types of control: 1) DM, DS minerals with lower DS water concentrations than TP, and 2) an emollient (E) with no DS minerals. Efficacy was assessed by a change in clinical skin severity scores: SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), investigator’s global assessment (IGA) and patient global assessment (PGA) as well as by objective physiological parameters: transepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum hydration (SCH), affected body surface area (BSA) and Objective Severity Assessment of Atopic Dermatitis (OSAAD). The total length of the trial was 12 weeks divided to 6 visits at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12. The study showed that both TP and DM creams improved OSAAD scores. Only TP improved TEWL and SCH. TP was the most effective regarding TEWL, SCH and OSAAD compared to DM and E. Treatment with E decreased more significantly IGA score compared to TP. Although within each treatment group significant improvements in SCH, BSA, SCORAD, IGA and PGA were observed, the reduction in BSA, SCORAD and PGA was not significantly different among the groups. Our results clearly show the benefits of TP as a leave on-skin emulsion enrich with DS water in terms of skin barrier function. Thus, TP can serve as an effective adjuvant treatment for AD skin as well as for its maintenance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078162)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)Jiangsu Province Graduate Research Innovation Program Project(KYCX22-1065)。
文摘Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a common multifactorial skin disease characterized by chronic inflammation,unbearable itching,and significant physical and mental burden on patients.In recent years,there has been extensively studied on the use of natural polysaccharides in anti-inflammatory therapy,due to their low toxicity and multi-target pharmacological activity.The unique biological activities of polysaccharides from natural sources as functional food additives and cosmeceuticals present a new option for the treatment of AD.This review aims to summarize the pathogenesis of AD,the therapeutic effects,and the mechanisms of natural polysaccharides,as well as discuss the limitations and prospects of these compounds in the treatment of AD.The insights provided in this review can serve as references and inspiration for the development of applications of natural polysaccharides in the treatment of AD.
文摘BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by visible lesions that can lead to anxiety and depression.These psychological impacts may severely affect the physical and mental health and the overall quality of life of the affected individuals.AIM To identify the risk factors for anxiety and depression among patients with AD and to assess their influence on prognosis.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 273 patients with AD who visited Shanghai Jinshan Tinglin Hospital between July 2021 and June 2023.Data were collected using standardized instruments,including the general information questionnaire,hospital anxiety and depression scale,scoring AD index,and dermatology life quality index.RESULTS Among the evaluated patients,24.5%had symptoms of anxiety,and 19.8%had symptoms of depression.Independent risk factors for anxiety included lower education level[odds ratio(OR)=0.338,95%confidence interval(CI):0.183-0.625],increased number of medical visits(OR=2.300,95%CI:1.234-4.255),sleep disorders(OR=2.013,95%CI:1.032-3.923),and allergic rhinitis(OR=2.052,95%CI:1.097-3.839).Factors for depression included more severe pruritus(OR=6.837,95%CI:1.330-35.132),higher number of medical visits(OR=2.979,95%CI:1.430-6.205),sleep disorders(OR=2.245,95%CI:1.033-5.024),and asthma(OR=2.208,95%CI:1.003-4.859).Dermatology life quality index scores correlated positively with anxiety,depression,scoring AD index,sleep disorders,number of visits,and intensity of pruritus(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In patients with AD,anxiety and depression are associated with educational level,frequency of medical visits,sleep disorders,allergic rhinitis,pruritus,and asthma,all of which exacerbate symptoms and reduce quality of life.
文摘BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis(AD),or eczema,is a chronic,pruritic inflammatory skin disease affecting children and adults.Socioeconomic status(SES)plays a significant role in developing AD.However,mixed evidence from a previous study by Bajwa et al makes it difficult to determine the directionality of the association.There is a lite-rature gap in understanding the causal association between AD and socioeco-nomic factors.AIM To evaluate the impact of disparities in SES on pediatric AD populations.METHODS Based on the eligibility criteria,the literature review identified eight articles since July 2021,and a descriptive analysis was conducted using an Excel spreadsheet on key components collected from the identified studies.RESULTS Eight observational studies assessed SES in pediatric AD.Five observational studies showed mixed associations between AD and SES.Sub-analysis revealed that urban areas had a higher prevalence of AD,and four studies identified a positive association between parental education and AD in the pediatric popu-lation.Socioeconomic variables,such as residential areas and household income,significantly influence disease outcomes.CONCLUSION There is mixed association between pediatric AD and SES,with AD positively associated with parental education.There is critical need to evaluate global impact of SES variables on pediatric AD.
基金Supported by the Hebei Provincial Medical Science Research Project Plan Project,No.20242386.
文摘BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that poses a substantial burden on patients'physical health,as well as on their psychological health and quality of life.This study specifically examines active disease phases(excluding spontaneous remission periods)to investigate the efficacy of continuous treatments on the psychological state and life quality of patients with atopic dermatitis.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of continuous treatment strategies,including dermatological care,psychological counseling,education,and long-term follow-up,on the psychological state and quality of life in patients with atopic dermatitis.METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 120 atopic dermatitis patients treated at our hospital between June 2023 and May 2024.A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned into control and intervention groups(60 patients each).The control group underwent routine treatment,and the intervention group was treated using continuous treatment strategies,including personalized skin care plan,psychological counseling,patient education,and long-term follow-up.Quality of life and psychological status of patients were assessed using the dermatology life quality index and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.RESULTS At 12 months post-intervention,the dermatology life quality index scores in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.01),implying improved quality of life.The anxiety and depression symptoms were significantly lower in the intervention group when compared to the control group(P<0.05)as per the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.In the intervention group,the rate of recurrence of skin symptoms was 15%compared to 35%in the control group,with a statistically significant difference between the two groups.CONCLUSION Continuous treatment for atopic dermatitis patients greatly improve their psychological state and quality of life,enhance disease-free survival,and offer new trains of thought for clinical treatment.Personalized integrated management over a prolonged time is important to improve quality of life in such patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82004359)Youth Talent Promotion Project of China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2024–2026)Category B(No.2024-QNRC2-B04)+9 种基金Youth Medical Talents-Specialist Program of Shanghai“Rising Stars of Medical Talents”Youth Development ProgramHealth Young Talents of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(No.2022YQ026)Shanghai Dermatology Research Center(No.2023ZZ02017)Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital demonstration research ward project(No.SHDC2023CRW009)Shanghai Key Discipline Construction Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.shzyyzdxk-2024104)Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Health Industry Clinical Research Special Project(No.20224Y0373No.20234Y0075)Clinical Incubation Program(No.lcfy2023-08)Evidence-based dermatology base sponsored by State Administration of Traditional Chinese MedicineHigh-level Chinese Medicine Key Discipline Construction Project(Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Clinic)of National Administration of TCM(No.zyyzdxk-2023065)。
文摘Objective:To assess the safety and topical efficacy of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin(POG)and investigate the molecular mechanisms of its therapeutic effects in atopic dermatitis(AD).Methods:The effects of POG on human keratinocyte cell viability and its anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated using cell counting kit-8 assay and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).Subsequently,the impact of POG on the differentiation of cluster of differentiation(CD)4~+T cell subsets,including T-helper type(Th)1,Th2,Th17,and regulatory T(Treg),was examined through in vitro experiments.Network pharmacology analysis was used to elucidate POG's therapeutic mechanisms.Furthermore,the therapeutic potential of topically applied POG was further evaluated in a calcipotriol-induced mouse model of AD.The protein and transcript levels of inflammatory markers,including cytokines,lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase(Lck)mRNA,and LCK phosphorylation(p-LCK),were quantified using immunohistochemistry,RT-qPCR,and Western blot analysis.Results:POG was able to suppress cell proliferation and downregulate the transcription of interleukin 4(Il4)and Il13 mRNA.In vitro experiments indicated that POG significantly inhibited the differentiation of Th2 cells,whereas it exerted negligible influence on the differentiation of Th1,Th17 and Treg cells.Network pharmacology identified LCK as a key therapeutic target of POG.Moreover,the topical application of POG effectively alleviated skin lesions in the calcipotriol-induced AD mouse models without causing pathological changes in the liver,kidney or spleen tissues.POG significantly reduced the levels of Il4,Il5,Il13,and thymic stromal lymphopoietin(Tslp)m RNA in the AD mice.Concurrently,POG enhanced the expression of p-LCK protein and Lck mRNA.Conclusion:Our research revealed that POG inhibits Th2 cell differentiation by promoting p-LCK protein expression and hence effectively alleviates AD-related skin inflammation.
基金supported by the Shaanxi Provincial Research and Innovation Team for Atopic Dermatitis of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.TZKN-CXTD-02)the Key Industry Innovation Chain Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2021ZDLSF04-12).
文摘Background:Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by recurrent eczema-like rashes and severe itching.Taxi San is an external herbal formulation with the effects of clearing heat,drying dampness,detoxifying,and relieving itching,making it suitable for treating acute and subacute dermatitis or eczema.Objectives:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of topical Taxi San in treating atopic dermatitis patients with dampness-heat syndrome and its inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)colonization.Methods:50 patients with atopic dermatitis were enrolled from the Dermatology Department of Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,with bilateral symmetrical lesions selected as target sites.The control-side lesions were treated with boric acid solution wet compresses,while the treatment-side lesions received Taxi San solution wet compresses,both administered twice daily for 14 d.Clinical efficacy was evaluated using the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis(SCORAD),Investigator Global Assessment(IGA),Dermatology Life Quality Index/Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index(DLQI/CDLQI),adverse events(AEs)and S.aureus colonization density,which were compared between the groups.The antibacterial efficacy of Taxi San was further investigated through in vitro antibacterial tests.Results:After 14 d of treatment with Taxi San,erythema and pimples were reduced on the treated sides.Additionally,the SCORAD,IGA,and DLQI/CDLQI scores showed significant decreases(P<0.05).S.aureus colonization on the treated sides declined markedly from 78%to 4.76%.Compared to the control sides,the reduction in S.aureus colonization following 14 d of Taxi San treatment was statistically significant(P<0.05).Furthermore,in vitro antibacterial assays demonstrated that the minimum inhibitory concentration of Taxi San against the seven tested S.aureus strains was 0.125 g/mL.Conclusions:Taxi San effectively reduces S.aureus colonization and ameliorates clinical symptoms in atopic dermatitis patients with dampness-heat syndrome,demonstrating high therapeutic potential and safety.
文摘Vitamin D,beyond its classical role in calcium homeostasis,has emerged as a key regulator of immune function and epithelial barrier integrity.Its deficiency during early childhood—a critical period for immune maturation—has been increasingly implicated in the development of atopic diseases.While extensively studied in asthma,its role in non-respiratory allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis(AD)and allergic rhinitis(AR)remains comparatively underexplored.This minireview synthesizes current mechanistic and clinical evidence on vitamin D in pediatric AD and AR.In AD,vitamin D promotes epidermal barrier function through upregulation of filaggrin and ceramide synthesis,and enhances antimicrobial defense via induction of antimicrobial peptides.Observational studies consistently report lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in affected children,particularly those with allergic sensitization.Select randomized controlled trials suggest clinical improvement with supplementation,especially at doses>2000 IU/day in deficient individuals.In AR,epidemiological data indicate stronger inverse associations with seasonal(pollen-induced)disease.Proposed mechanisms include modulation of dendritic cells,regulatory T cells,T helper 2 cytokines,and mucosal barrier integrity.The shared immunopathogenesis of AD and AR underscores vitamin D’s relevance.Although promising,clinical evidence remains heterogeneous.Future research should prioritize phenotype-stratified trials to clarify optimal dosing,timing,and individual response determinants,including genetics and microbiome composition.
文摘Atopic dermatitis,a common chronic inflammatory skin disease,has an unclear etiology and may involve multiple factors such as genetic predisposition,immune abnormalities,and impaired skin barrier function.Currently,there is no specific medication available for the complete cure of atopic dermatitis.The current treatment approaches mainly focus on symptom relief and control rather than curative treatment.Some commonly used medications for atopic dermatitis,such as topical corticosteroids and immunosuppressants,may have certain adverse reactions and side effects.This review summarizes the research progress on natural extracts in the treatment of atopic dermatitis,aiming to provide a foundation for the development of safe and side-effectfree medications.
文摘Research Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition in children that significantly impacts physical health and quality of life. Adherence to treatment regimens is crucial for effective disease management but is often hindered by various psychosocial and socioeconomic barriers. Parental mental health issues, family dynamics, financial constraints, and limited access to specialized care contribute to inconsistent treatment adherence, exacerbating the condition. Purpose/Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the multifaceted barriers to treatment adherence in children with AD and evaluate the effectiveness of current interventions targeting these challenges. The study seeks to identify strategies that can improve adherence and health outcomes by addressing psychosocial and socioeconomic factors. Method: The method involves a comprehensive review of existing literature on the impact of psychosocial and socioeconomic factors on treatment adherence in children with AD. The study also examines various interventions designed to address these barriers, including community support programs, family-centered interventions, financial aid, integrated care models, and telehealth solutions. Results: Results indicate that psychosocial barriers, such as parental anxiety and depression, significantly hinder effective disease management. Family dynamics, including poor communication and single-parent households, complicate adherence efforts. Socioeconomic factors, such as financial constraints and limited healthcare access, further impede adherence. Interventions that address these barriers show promise in improving treatment adherence and health outcomes. Community support programs and family-centered interventions enhance parental mental health and family communication. Financial aid programs and integrated care models help mitigate economic and logistical challenges. Telehealth solutions improve access to specialized care, particularly in underserved areas. Conclusion: The study concludes that a holistic approach integrating medical treatment with psychosocial and socioeconomic support is essential for managing pediatric AD effectively. Policy recommendations include increased funding for community support programs, expanded telehealth services, and the integration of social services with medical care. Addressing these barriers comprehensively can enhance treatment adherence and improve the quality of life for children with AD. Further research should focus on long-term outcomes and diverse populations to refine these interventions and ensure they meet the needs of all affected children.
文摘Background:Atopic dermatitis(AD)is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that currently cannot be completely cured.The allergic constitution is the foundation of AD,and the therapy of regulating constitution through Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)may be a reliable and effective approach to treat AD.This case report presents the therapeutic course of Tuomin-Shizhen-Decoction in treating an adult patient with AD.Case presentation:A 20-year-old adult female visited the outpatient clinic with 5-year medical history of AD,combined with recurrent relapse.She presented with pruritus and dermatitis around the skin of eyes,mouth,neck and chest,and tested positive for multiple allergens.After treatment with Tuomin-Shizhen-Decoction,her skin became smooth and intact,and the pruritus disappeared.The symptoms remained stable without recurrence during the six-month follow-up period,and she tested negative for the allergens that had previously tested positive.Conclusion:The case report suggests that the Tuomin-Shizhen-Decoction,formulated based on the constitution differentiation,disease differentiation,and syndrome differentiation,may be a reliable option for individualized treatment of AD.It can improve the anti-allergic ability by regulating constitution,offering not only significant clinical effects but also a certain degree of long-term control.
文摘Atopic dermatitis （AD） is a common and frequently encountered disease, which frequently appears in children. According to statistics, the percentage of AD patients between ages of 6 to 20 in dermatology clinics is 30%^1, and the incidence in school-age children is 2%-3%^2. AD has no corresponding nomenclature in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. According to the initial time of attack in early childhood, it cma be classified as NaiXuan and TaiXuan; according to the location of the disease （elbow fossa and popliteal fossa）, it can be classified as SiWanFeng; according to the specific cases of different characteristics of lesions, it can be classified as ShiChuang, JinYinchuang, XueFengChuang. In TCM, the etiology of AD is complicated. It is generally considered that the pathogenesis of AD is spleen deficiency and damp-heat^3. When children suffer from pathogenic wind, pathogenic dampness, pathogenic heat, or insufficient natural endowment, damp-heat is produced and it injures patients＇ skin. Also latent damp-heat can deplete the blood and succus in the body, dry the skin and lead to AD. In short, AD can be divided into 3 syndrome types in TCM： syndrome of spleen deficiency, syndrome of damp-heat, syndrome of blood deficiency. At present, the clinical study of AD treated by TCM is increasing, but the study of children＇s treatment is still rare. This article aims to make a summary of clinical studies of children＇s AD treated with TCM in recent years.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology(No.2015R1D1A1A01056607)
文摘Bamboo salt(BS) is a traditional Korean food, and has been reported to have anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-metastatic effects. However, the anti-atopic dermatitis(AD) activity of BS has not been described yet. In the present study, we examined the preventive effect of BS on AD. The effect of oral administration of BS was tested in a 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene(DNFB)-induced AD animal model, by histological analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, caspase-1 assay, and Western blotting analysis. BS administration reduced the total clinical severity and scratching frequencies, compared with the AD group. In the serum of DNFB-induced AD mice, the levels of IgE, histamine, thymic stromal lymphopoietin(TSLP), interleukin(IL)-5, and IL-13 were significantly reduced by BS treatment. BS significantly reduced the protein and mRNA expression of TSLP, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the AD skin lesions. BS markedly reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Furthermore, the activation of caspase-1 was reduced by BS in the AD skin lesions. Our results suggested that BS should be considered as a candidate treatment for allergic inflammatory diseases including AD.
基金Supported by the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Independent Project(No.2015-JYB-JSMS123)The Dongfang Hospital,Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,1166 Development Program for Junior Scientists(No.030903010323)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate effect of Yupingfeng granules, prepared with Chinese Medicines, on the wound healing and on the expression of aquaporin3(AQP3) and the skin barrier in the animal models of atopic dermatitis(AD).METHODS: Acute skin lesions of AD models were prepared using 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzo(DNCB) in mice and animals were treated with either Yupingfeng granules or placebo for two weeks. Skin wound healing outcome was assessed by measuring skin thickness, weight(quality) of the skin, and trans-epidermal water loss(TEWL). Expression of AQP3 mRNA and protein was assessed by reverse transcriotion polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and immunoblotting, respectively.RESULTS: Yupingfeng granule treatment resulted in significant acceleration of wound healing with63.64% efficiency, which was significantly higher than that of placebo granule treatment(31.82%,P < 0.01 by Wilcoxon Rank-sum test). Skin thickness, weight of the wounded skin, and TEWL were significantly higher in the AD models compared to that of normal animals. Treatment with Yupingfeng granules resulted in significant decrease in skin thickness [(937 ± 31) vs(360 ± 21) μm, P < 0.01],weight of the wounded skin [(42 ± 4) vs(24 ± 5)mg, P < 0.01], and TEWL [(30 ± 4) vs(13 ± 4) g·h^(-1)·m-2, P < 0.01]. Yupingfeng granules also significantly down-regulated mRNA and protein expression of AQP3 in the animal models.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested that Yupingfeng granules could be used in AD treatment.
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of bacilli Galmette-Gurin(BCG)-polysaccharide nuceic acid on atopic dermatitis in mice and its mechanism.Methods:Forty NC/Nga mice were selected and randomly divided into Group A(model group),Group B(dexamethasone treatment group),Group C(BCG polysaccharide nucleic acid treatment group) and Group D(control group) with 10 mice in each group.Atopic dermatitis model were constructed by applying 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene on the skin of the mice.Mice in Group D were treated with acetone solution(100 μ L) on the foot pad and abdomen after hair removal at the age of 7 weeks.then on ear skin at the age of 8-13 weeks.For mice in A,B and C groups,100 μL of acetone solution containing 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene was applied to the foot pad and the abdomen at the age of 7 weeks,then on ear skins at the age of8 to 13 weeks.At the age of 7-13 weeks,mice in Group A and Group D were treated with 100 μL saline(i.p.);mice were given dexamethasone(0.1 mL/kg,i.p.) every other day for 7 weeks in Group B;mice were treated with BCG polysaccharide nucleic acid(0.5 mg/kg,i.p.) every other day for7 weeks in Group C.The ear thickness was measured every week and the scratching frequency was recorded 1 times for 10 min a week.The mice were sacrificed after the last administration of drugs,IgE,IL-4,IL-10,IL-I2 and IFN- γ in the plasma were detected using ELISA,and RT-PCR method was employed to detect the concentrations of IL-4,IL-10,IL-12 and IFN- γ proteins.After IIK staining,the lesion degree of inflammation in ear tissue was observed microscopically.Results:The ear thickness and scratching frequency of Group A were significantly higher than those in group B,C and D(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between Group B and C(P>0.05);the concentrations of IgE,IL-4 and IL-10 in the plasma and the expression of IL-4,IL-10 mRNA in the spleen tissues of Group A,B and C were all significantly higher than those of Group D(P<0.05);the concentrations of plasma IL-12 and IFN- γ,and spleen protein expression of IL-12 and IFN- γ in Group C mice were significantly higher than those of Group A(P<0.05).Histological observation showed obvious ear tissue exudation,erythema,swelling,desquamation of skin,and scabbing in Group A.Histopathology of the skin lesion also showed hyperkeratosis,focal-parakeratosis,stratum spinosum hypertrophy,mild sponge-like edema,a large number of lymphocytes along with plasma cell infiltration in dermis,angiectasis and hyperemia in Group A,while degree of ear skin lesion in Group B and D mice was significandy lighter than that of Group A.Conclusions:BCC polysaccharide nucleic acid can significandy reduce the serum IgE concentrations,increase the expression of IL-12,IFN- γ protein,correct the imbalance of Th1/Th2 in atopic dermatitis mice,and has obvious inhibitory effect on atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice.
