The discharge of micro-polluted water from sources such as agricultural runoff,urban stormwater,and treated effluents presents significant challenges to aquatic ecosystems.Constructed wetlands(CWs)have gained recog-ni...The discharge of micro-polluted water from sources such as agricultural runoff,urban stormwater,and treated effluents presents significant challenges to aquatic ecosystems.Constructed wetlands(CWs)have gained recog-nition as an eco-friendly solution for removing pollutants from various wastewater sources and are increasingly applied for micro-polluted water treatment.By reviewing 78 full-scale CW studies from Web of Science,it is summarized that the ranges of ammonium nitrogen(NH4+-N)concentrations in runoff,wastewater treatment plant effluent and polluted river were 0.1–6.6,0.3–12.3,and 0.2–41.1 mg/L,respectively.The ranges of ni-trate nitrogen concentrations were 0.2–14.2,0–5.7,and 0–2.6 mg/L,respectively.Removal efficiencies of CWs for micro-polluted water varied by CW types.The total nitrogen removal efficiencies for subsurface-flow CWs,free-water surface-flow CWs,and hybrid CWs ranged from 27.4%to 66.5%,16.8%to 89.8%,and 19.4%to 88.2%,respectively.The NH4+-N removal efficiencies ranged from 34.2%to 73.6%,38.4%to 89.4%and 13.5%to 94.2%,respectively.Additionally,other factors influencing contaminant removal efficiency such as hydraulic retention time,vegetation types,redox micro-environment and influent water quality were evaluated.Based on these findings,two strategies for improving the purification performance of CWs were proposed:the selection of incorporating electron donor substrates and the optimization of operation parameters.This paper serves as a synthesis of information to guide future research and full-scale CW applications in micro-polluted water treatment.展开更多
Laser-induced aerosols,predominantly submicron in size,pose significant environmental and health risks during the decommissioning of nuclear reactors.This study experimentally investigated the removal of laser-generat...Laser-induced aerosols,predominantly submicron in size,pose significant environmental and health risks during the decommissioning of nuclear reactors.This study experimentally investigated the removal of laser-generated aerosol particles using a water spray system integrated with an innovative system for pre-injecting electrically charged mist in our facility.To simulate aerosol generation in reactor decommissioning,a high-power laser was used to irradiate various materials(including stainless steel,carbon steel,and concrete),generating aerosol particles that were agglomerated with injected water mist and subsequently scavenged by water spray.Experimental results demonstrate enhanced aerosol removal via aerosol-mist agglomeration,with charged mist significantly improving particle capture by increasing wettability and size.The average improvements for the stainless steel,carbon steel,and concrete were 40%,44%,and 21%,respectively.The results of experiments using charged mist with different polarities(both positive and negative)and different surface coatings reveal that the dominant polarity of aerosols varies with the irradiated materials,influenced by their crystal structure and electron emission properties.Notably,surface coatings such as ZrO_(2)and CeO_(2)were found to possibly alter aerosol charging characteristics,thereby affecting aerosol removal efficiency with charged mist configurations.The innovative aerosol-mist agglomeration approach shows promise in mitigating radiation exposure,ensuring environmental safety,and reducing contaminated water during reactor dismantling.This study contributes critical knowledge for the development of advanced aerosol management strategies for nuclear reactor decommissioning.The understanding obtained in this work is also expected to be useful for various environmental and chemical engineering applications such as gas decontamination,air purification,and pollution control.展开更多
The highly efficient manufacturing of atomic-scale smooth β-Ga_(2)O_(3)surface is fairly challenging because β-Ga_(2)O_(3)is a typical difficult-to-machine material.In this study,a novel plasma dry etching method na...The highly efficient manufacturing of atomic-scale smooth β-Ga_(2)O_(3)surface is fairly challenging because β-Ga_(2)O_(3)is a typical difficult-to-machine material.In this study,a novel plasma dry etching method named plasma-based atom-selective etching(PASE)is proposed to achieve the highly efficient,atomic-scale,and damage-free polishing of β-Ga_(2)O_(3).The plasma is excited through the inductive coupling principle and carbon tetrafluoride is utilized as the main reaction gas to etch β-Ga_(2)O_(3).The core of PASE polishing of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)is the remarkable lateral etching effect,which is ensured by both the intrinsic property of the surface and the extrinsic temperature condition.As revealed by density functional theory-based calculations,the intrinsic difference in the etching energy barrier of atoms at the step edge(2.36 eV)and in the terrace plane(4.37 eV)determines their difference in the etching rate,and their etching rate difference can be greatly enlarged by increasing the extrinsic temperature.The polishing of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)based on the lateral etching effect is further verified in the etching experiments.The Sa roughness of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)(001)substrate is reduced from 14.8 nm to 0.057 nm within 120 s,and the corresponding material removal rate reaches up to 20.96μm·min^(−1).The polished β-Ga_(2)O_(3)displays significantly improved crystalline quality and photoluminescence intensity,and the polishing effect of PASE is independent of the crystal face of β-Ga_(2)O_(3).In addition,the competition between chemical etching and physical reconstruction,which is determined by temperature and greatly affects the surface state of β-Ga_(2)O_(3),is deeply studied for the first time.These findings not only demonstrate the high-efficiency and high-quality polishing of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)via atmospheric plasma etching but also hold significant implications for guiding future plasma-based surface manufacturing of β-Ga_(2)O_(3).展开更多
Several studies have demonstrated that reintroducing crop straw to fields may intensify cadmium(Cd)contamination in agricultural soils.However,the specific effects of long-term straw management practices on Cd concent...Several studies have demonstrated that reintroducing crop straw to fields may intensify cadmium(Cd)contamination in agricultural soils.However,the specific effects of long-term straw management practices on Cd concentration and its bioavailability in soil-rice ecosystems remain unclear.In this context,to explore the influence of straw return(SR)and straw removal(NSR)on Cd accumulation in both soil and rice within a double-cropping system,we conducted a four-year field study.Our research study unveiled that NSR consistently decreased soil Cd concentration and its bioavailability by approximately 16.93%–27.30%and 8.23%–21.05%respectively across both study sites.Conversely,SR resulted in a substantial increase in soil Cd bioavailability,ranging from 38.64%–53.95%.Notably,compared to NSR,SR significantly increased total soil Cd by 5.47%–36.58%and increased Cd content in brown rice by 8.00%–100.24%.Remarkably,after four consecutive years of NSR,brown rice Cd concentration at the Changfeng site compiled with national safety standards(GB 2762–2022).Additionally,returning early rice strawsignificantly raised soil Cd bioavailability for the subsequent crop,more so than late rice straw did for the early rice the following year.The findings suggest that traditional double-cropping cultivation with straw removal can effectively mitigate Cd contamination risks in crops and farmland in Hunan Province.展开更多
Current research primarily focuses on emerging organic pollutants,with limited attention to emerging inorganic pollutants (EIPs).However,due to advances in detection technology and the escalating environmental and hea...Current research primarily focuses on emerging organic pollutants,with limited attention to emerging inorganic pollutants (EIPs).However,due to advances in detection technology and the escalating environmental and health challenges posed by pollution,there is a growing interest in treating waters contaminated with EIPs.This paper explores biochar characteristics and modification methods,encompassing physical,chemical,and biological approaches for adsorbing EIPs.It offers a comprehensive review of research advancements in employing biochar for EIPs remediation in water,outlines the adsorption mechanisms of EIPs by biochar,and presents an environmental and economic analysis.It can be concluded that using biochar for the adsorption of EIPs in wastewater exhibits promising potential.Nonetheless,it is noteworthy that certain EIPs like Au(III),Rh(III),Ir(III),Ru(III),Os(III),Sc(III),and Y(III),have not been extensively investigated regarding their adsorption onto biochar.This comprehensive review will catalyze further inquiry into the biochar-based adsorption of EIPs,addressing current research deficiencies and advancing the practical implementation of biochar as a potent substrate for EIP removal from wastewater streams.展开更多
The goethite residue generated from zinc hydrometallurgy is classified as hazardous solid waste,produced in large quantities,and results in significant zinc loss.The study was conducted on removing iron from FeSO_(4)-...The goethite residue generated from zinc hydrometallurgy is classified as hazardous solid waste,produced in large quantities,and results in significant zinc loss.The study was conducted on removing iron from FeSO_(4)-ZnSO_(4) solution,employing seed-induced nucleation methods.Analysis of the iron removal rate,residue structure,morphology,and elemental composition involved ICP,XRD,FT-IR,and SEM.The existing state of zinc was investigated by combining step-by-step dissolution using hydrochloric acid.Concurrently,iron removal tests were extended to industrial solutions to assess the influence of seeds and solution pH on zinc loss and residue yield.The results revealed that seed addition increased the iron removal rate by 3%,elevated the residual iron content by 6.39%,and mitigated zinc loss by 29.55%in the simulated solution.Seed-induced nucleation prevented excessive nuclei formation,fostering crystal stable growth and high crystallinity.In addition,the zinc content of surface adsorption and crystal internal embedding in the residue was determined,and the zinc distribution on the surface was dense.In contrast,the total amount of zinc within the crystal was higher.The test results in the industrial solution demonstrated that the introduction of seeds expanded the pH range for goethite formation and growth,and the zinc loss per ton of iron removed was reduced by 50.91 kg(34.12%)and the iron residue reduced by 0.17 t(8.72%).展开更多
Wigner-Ville distribution(WVD)is widely used in the field of signal processing due to its excellent time-frequency(TF)concentration.However,WVD is severely limited by the cross-term when working with multicomponent si...Wigner-Ville distribution(WVD)is widely used in the field of signal processing due to its excellent time-frequency(TF)concentration.However,WVD is severely limited by the cross-term when working with multicomponent signals.In this paper,we analyze the property differences between auto-term and cross-term in the one-dimensional sequence and the two-dimensional plane and approximate entropy and Rényi entropy are employed to describe them,respectively.Based on this information,we propose a new method to achieve adaptive cross-term removal by combining seeded region growing.Compared to other methods,the new method can achieve cross-term removal without decreasing the TF concentration of the auto-term.Simulation and experimental data processing results show that the method is adaptive and is not constrained by the type or distribution of signals.And it performs well in low signal-to-noise ratio environments.展开更多
Atomic surfaces are strictly required by high-performance devices of diamond.Nevertheless,diamond is the hardest material in nature,leading to the low material removal rate(MRR)and high surface roughness during machin...Atomic surfaces are strictly required by high-performance devices of diamond.Nevertheless,diamond is the hardest material in nature,leading to the low material removal rate(MRR)and high surface roughness during machining.Noxious slurries are widely used in conventional chemical mechanical polishing(CMP),resulting in the possible pollution to the environment.Moreover,the traditional slurries normally contain more than four ingredients,causing difficulties to control the process and quality of CMP.To solve these challenges,a novel green CMP for single crystal diamond was developed,consisting of only hydrogen peroxide,diamond abrasive and Prussian blue(PB)/titania catalyst.After CMP,atomic surface is achieved with surface roughness Sa of 0.079 nm,and the MRR is 1168 nm·h^(-1).Thickness of damaged layer is merely 0.66 nm confirmed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,electron paramagnetic resonance and TEM reveal that·OH radicals form under ultraviolet irradiation on PB/titania catalyst.The·OH radicals oxidize diamond,transforming it from monocrystalline to amorphous atomic structure,generating a soft amorphous layer.This contributes the high MRR and formation of atomic surface on diamond.The developed novel green CMP offers new insights to achieve atomic surface of diamond for potential use in their high-performance devices.展开更多
The removal of harmful cyanobacterial blooms(HCBs)and reuse of the resulting algal sludge are pressing issues in current environmental governance and ecological conservation.Aiming at tackling the abovementioned chall...The removal of harmful cyanobacterial blooms(HCBs)and reuse of the resulting algal sludge are pressing issues in current environmental governance and ecological conservation.Aiming at tackling the abovementioned challenges,titanium(Ti)-based coagulants are promising candidates.However,most of them suffer from poor stability and weak actual algal removal ability,and recycling of the algal sludge usually produces titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))with low photocatalytic ability.In this work,a lanthanum(La)-modified polytitanium chloride(La-PTC)coagulant is reported.La in the La-PTC coagulant serves a"kill two birds with one stone"strategy in algae removal and algae sludge reuse.Owing to the introduction of La ions,the La-PTC coagulant exhibits ultra-high stability and excellent algae removal capability with an efficiency of 98.71%,which is 7.25%higher than that of PTC coagulant.Moreover,recycling algae sludge can prepare high catalytic(2.45 times the commercial P25 TiO_(2))La/C-TiO_(2),where the presence of La enhances its visible light response range and inhibits electron hole recombination.The strategy of this La modified coagulant can not only achieve efficient re moval of HCBs,but also transfo rm the recovered algal sludge into photocatalysts with higher catalytic capacity.展开更多
The application of photocatalytic technology in algae killing is limited by the non-floatability and difficulty in recycling of the photocatalysts.Loading photocatalyst on magnetic or floatable carriers is the most po...The application of photocatalytic technology in algae killing is limited by the non-floatability and difficulty in recycling of the photocatalysts.Loading photocatalyst on magnetic or floatable carriers is the most popular method for overcoming the above inadequacies.In this work,a CdZnS/TiO_(2) membrane photocatalyst with adjustable suspended depth(include floating)and flexible assembly is designed,which is less prone to dislodgement due to in situ synthesis and has a wider range of applicability than previously reported photocatalysts.The photocatalytic removal of Microcystis aeruginosa revealed that the suspended depth and distribution format of the CdZnS/TiO_(2) membrane photocatalysts have striking effects on the photocatalytic removal performance of Microcystis aeruginosa,the photocatalytic removal efficiency of CdZnS/TiO_(2)-2 membrane photocatalysts for Microcystis aeruginosa could reach to 98.6%in 60 min when the photocatalysts assembled in the form of 3×3 arrays suspended at a depth of 2 cm from the liquid surface.A tiny amount of TiO_(2) loading allows the formation of Z-Scheme heterojunction,resulting in accelerating the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers,preserving the photogenerated electrons and holes with stronger reduction and oxidation ability and inhabiting the photo-corrosion of CdZnS.展开更多
Mercury removal from coal combustion flue gas remains a significant challenge for environmental protection due to the lack of cost-effective sorbents.In this study,a series of red mud(RM)-based sorbents impregnated wi...Mercury removal from coal combustion flue gas remains a significant challenge for environmental protection due to the lack of cost-effective sorbents.In this study,a series of red mud(RM)-based sorbents impregnated with sodium halides(NaBr and NaI)are presented to capture elemental mercury(Hg^(0))from flue gas.The modified RM underwent comprehensive characterization,including analysis of its textural qualities,crystal structure,chemical composition,and thermal properties.The results indicate that the halide impregnation substantially impacts the surface area and pore size of the RM.Hg^(0) removal performance was evaluated on a fixed-bed reactor in simulated flue gas(consisting of N_(2),O_(2),CO_(2),NO and SO_(2),etc.)on a modified RM.At an optimal adsorption temperature of 160℃,NaI-modified sorbent(RMI5)offers a removal efficiency of 98%in a mixture of gas,including O_(2),NO and HCl.Furthermore,pseudo-second-order model fitting results demonstrate the chemisorption mechanism for the adsorption of Hg^(0) in kinetic investigations.展开更多
Machining high-performance engineering materials,faces challenges including low machining efficiency,poor workpiece surface integrity,and rapid tool wear,which restrict high quality and efficient machining.Ultra-high-...Machining high-performance engineering materials,faces challenges including low machining efficiency,poor workpiece surface integrity,and rapid tool wear,which restrict high quality and efficient machining.Ultra-high-speed machining(UHSM)has been expected to address these issues.However,the material removal mechanisms involved in UHSM remain unclear and need further exploration.This paper reviews the criteria for evaluating the ductile and brittle behaviors of high-performance materials subjected to machining,as well as the developmental history of the material’s ductile-brittle transition induced by machining,proposing the concept of relativization of ductile-brittle property.Additionally,it further summarizes three typical material removal mechanisms:ductile-mode removal based on shear stress,brittle-mode removal based on tensile stress,and extrusion removal based on compressive stress,clarifying the universality of the brittle-mode removal.On this basis,this paper focuses on the discussion of the material removal mechanisms in UHSM,including high strain-rate-induced material embrittlement,UHSM-induced skin effect of damage,and the thermal effect in UHSM.Furthermore,it provides a detailed description of the typical characteristics of chip morphology in the ductile-brittle transition region(DBTR)under the high strain rate condition and,for the first time,elucidates the material removal mechanisms in the DBTR from a microstructural dislocation perspective,enriching the basic theory of UHSM.In the discussion section,it standardizes the definition for the UHSM,and explores the dislocation movement at high strain rates and the crack propagation in the UHSM.Finally,based on the current status of the UHSM technology,it summarizes the relevant research hotspots.For the first time,this paper brings up the brittle-mode removal mechanism under ultra-high-speed conditions,which is helpful to promote the UHSM for industrial applications.展开更多
Copper is a strategic metal that plays an important role in many industries.In copper metallurgy,electrolytic refining is essential to obtain high-purity copper.However,during the electrolytic refining process,impurit...Copper is a strategic metal that plays an important role in many industries.In copper metallurgy,electrolytic refining is essential to obtain high-purity copper.However,during the electrolytic refining process,impurities such as arsenic are introduced into the electrolyte,which significantly affect the subsequent production and quality of copper products.This paper first discusses the sources,forms,and transformation pathways of arsenic in copper electrolyte during the electrolytic process,then reviews various arsenic removal technologies in detail,including electrowinning,adsorption,solvent extraction,ion exchange,membrane filtration,and precipitation.Particular emphasis is placed on electrowinning,which is the most widely used and mature among these arsenic removal techniques.The paper evaluates these methods based on arsenic removal efficiency,cost effectiveness,technical maturity,environmental friendliness,and operation simplicity.In addition,the paper explores future trends in copper electrolyte purification,focusing on waste reduction at source,resource utilization,intelligent digitalization,and innovations in materials and processes.This review aims to provide researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive and in-depth reference on arsenic removal methods in copper electrolytes.展开更多
Atomic-level manufacturing,as the "keystone" of future technology,marks the transformative shift from the micro/nano era based on "classical theory" to the atomic era grounded in "quantum theo...Atomic-level manufacturing,as the "keystone" of future technology,marks the transformative shift from the micro/nano era based on "classical theory" to the atomic era grounded in "quantum theory".It enables the precise control of matter arrangement and composition at the atomic scale,thereby achieving large-scale production of atomically precise and structured products.Electrochemical deposition(ECD),a typical "atom addition" fabrication method for electrochemical atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing(EC-ACSM),enables precise control over material properties at the atomic scale,allowing breakthroughs in revolutionary performance of semiconductors,quantum computing,new materials,nanomedicine,etc.This review explores the fundamentals of EC-ACSM,particularly at the electrode/electrolyte interface,and investigates maskless ECD techniques,highlighting their advantages,limitations,and the role of in situ monitoring and advanced simulations in the process optimization.However,atomic electrochemical deposition faces significant challenges in precise control over atom-ion interactions,electrode-electrolyte interfacial dynamics,and surface defects.In the future,overcoming these obstacles is critical to advancing EC-ACSM and unlocking its full potential in scalability for industrial applications.EC-ACSM can drive the highly customized design of materials and offer strong technological support for the development of future science,ushering in a new atomic era of material innovation and device manufacturing.展开更多
Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) provide great prospective in the photodegradation of pollutants. Nevertheless, the poor separation and recovery hamper their pilot-or industrial-scare applications because of their micro...Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) provide great prospective in the photodegradation of pollutants. Nevertheless, the poor separation and recovery hamper their pilot-or industrial-scare applications because of their microcrystalline features. Herein, this challenge can be tackled by integrating Cu-MOFs into an alginate substrate to offer environmentally friendly, sustainable, facile separation, and high-performance MOF-based hydrogel photocatalysis platforms. The CuⅡ-MOF 1 and CuⅠ-MOF 2 were initially synthesized through a direct diffusion and single-crystal to single-crystal(SCSC) transformation method, respectively,and after the immobilization into alginate, more effective pollutant decontamination was achieved via the synergistic effect of the adsorption feature of hydrogel and in situ photodegradation of Cu-MOFs.Specifically, Cu-MOF-alginate composites present an improved and nearly completed Cr(Ⅵ) elimination at a short time of 15–25 min. Additionally, the congo red(CR) decolorization can be effectively enhanced in the presence of Cr(Ⅵ), and 1-alginate showed superior simultaneous decontamination efficiency of CR and Cr(Ⅵ) with 99% and 78%, respectively. Furthermore, Cu-MOF-alginate composites can maintain a high pollutant removal after over 10 continuous cycles(95% for Cr(Ⅵ) after 14 runs, and 90% for CR after 10runs). Moreover, the Cr(Ⅵ)/CR degradation mechanism for Cu-MOF-alginate composite was investigated.展开更多
In this study,an efficient stabilizer material for cadmium(Cd^(2+))treatment was successfully prepared by simply co-milling olivine with magnesite.Several analyticalmethods including XRD,TEM,SEM and FTIR,combined with...In this study,an efficient stabilizer material for cadmium(Cd^(2+))treatment was successfully prepared by simply co-milling olivine with magnesite.Several analyticalmethods including XRD,TEM,SEM and FTIR,combined with theoretical calculations(DFT),were used to investigate mechanochemical interfacial reaction between twominerals,and the reaction mechanism of Cd removal,with ion exchange between Cd^(2+)and Mg^(2+)as the main pathway.A fixation capacity of Cd^(2+)as high as 270.61 mg/g,much higher than that of the pristine minerals and even the individual/physical mixture of milled olivine and magnesite,has been obtained at optimized conditions,with a neutral pH value of the solution after treatment to allow its direct discharge.The as-proposed Mg-based stabilizer with various advantages such as cost benefits,green feature etc.,will boosts the utilization efficiency of naturalminerals over the elaborately prepared adsorbents.展开更多
Nitrate(NO3-)is a widespread pollutant in high-salt wastewater and causes serious harm to human health.Although electrochemical removal of nitrate has been demonstrated to be a promising treatment method,the developme...Nitrate(NO3-)is a widespread pollutant in high-salt wastewater and causes serious harm to human health.Although electrochemical removal of nitrate has been demonstrated to be a promising treatment method,the development of low-cost electro-catalysts is still challenging.In this work,a phosphate modified iron(P-Fe)cathode was prepared for electrochemical removal of nitrate in high-salt wastewater.The phosphate modification greatly improved the activity of iron,and the removal rate of nitrate on P-Fe was three times higher than that on Fe electrode.Further experiments and density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrated that the modification of phosphoric acid improved the stability and the activity of the zero-valent iron electrode effectively for NO_(3)^(-) removal.The nitrate was firstly electrochemically reduced to ammonium,and then reacted with the anodic generated hypochlorite to N_(2).In this study,a strategy was developed to improve the activity and stability of metal electrode for NO_(3)^(-)removal,which opened up a new field for the efficient reduction of NO3-removal by metal electrode materials.展开更多
Accelerating the separation of carriers in the heterojunction plays vital role in the photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)process,yet it remains a challenging undertaking.Herein,a MOF-on-MOF based dual S-scheme heterojunction(B...Accelerating the separation of carriers in the heterojunction plays vital role in the photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)process,yet it remains a challenging undertaking.Herein,a MOF-on-MOF based dual S-scheme heterojunction(BiVO_(4)/NH_(2)-MIL-125(Ti)/NH_(2)-MIL-53(Fe),denoted as BVO/NM125/NM53)was rationally designed and prepared for PEC removing and detoxification of organic contaminants(phenol,tetracycline hydrochloride,ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin).The S-scheme heterojunction was double confirmed by DFT calculation and XPS analysis.The charge transfer resistance of BVO/NM125/NM53 photoanode decreases to 1/11 of bare BiVO_(4) photoanode.Meanwhile,the photocurrent densitywas 3 times higher,demonstrating a marked improvement in carrier separation efficiency due to dual S-scheme heterojunction.The photoanode achieved 94.3%removal of phenol within 60 min and maintained stable performance over 10 consecutive cycles,demonstrating good PEC efficiency and structural stability.The BVO/NM125/NM53 photoanode also showed effectiveness in removing antibiotics,with chlorophyll fluorescence imaging confirming a significant reduction in the ecotoxicity of intermediates.For example,wheat seed germination,growth,chlorophyll and Carotenoid production were not affected,which was similar to that of deionized water.Radical trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)analysis identified·O_(2)^(-)and·OH as the primary active species.This work demonstrates the effectiveness of developing MOF-on-MOF heterojunctions for visible-light response and enhancing charge separation in PEC.展开更多
A porous lanthanum(La)carbonate-carbon composite(LaCC)was prepared by vacuum-freeze-drying and pyrolysis techniques to remove phosphorus(P)from wastewater.Using polyethylene glycol as a carbon skeleton template,and th...A porous lanthanum(La)carbonate-carbon composite(LaCC)was prepared by vacuum-freeze-drying and pyrolysis techniques to remove phosphorus(P)from wastewater.Using polyethylene glycol as a carbon skeleton template,and the organic ligands are removed during pyrolysis,resulting in the creation of many pore structures.The LaCC showed excellent P removal performance and selectivity over a wide p H range(3–10).It exhibited a rapid adsorption rate and could hold up to 119.5 mg P/g.Fixed-bed column experiments showed that under dynamic conditions,just 1 g of LaCC effectively treated 60 L of P-contaminated wastewater with an initial concentration of 2 mg/L,meeting the primary discharge standard of<0.5 mg/L according to the comprehensive sewage guidelines of China.Bacterial experiments showed that the LaCC could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli,indicating that it has both P removal and bacterial inhibition effects,which can greatly improve the application range of adsorbents.展开更多
Removing copper from nickel electrolysis anode solution has been a major keypoint in the nickel metallurgy industry.In this study,we proposed a novel process flow to promote removing copper from nickel electrolysis an...Removing copper from nickel electrolysis anode solution has been a major keypoint in the nickel metallurgy industry.In this study,we proposed a novel process flow to promote removing copper from nickel electrolysis anode solution.A simulated nickel anode solution was designed,and static and dynamic adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the best of solution pH,adsorption time and temperature,resin dosage and particle size,and stirring speed.The optimal conditions were explored for copper removal from nickel electrolysis anode solution.Based on the optimal experimental conditions and the relevant experimental data,a novel process for copper removal from nickel electrolysis anodes was designed and verified.This novel process of copper removal from nickel electrolysis anodes was confirmed with nickel anolyte solution with nickel 50−60 g/L and copper 0.5 g/L.After finishing the novel process of copper removal,the nickel in the purified nickel anolyte became undetectable and copper concentration was 3 mg/L,the novel process of resin adsorption to remove copper from nickel anode solution through static and dynamic adsorptions has an efficacious copper removal.It is a beneficial supplement to traditional methods.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52470105)the Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province(No.358202103017).
文摘The discharge of micro-polluted water from sources such as agricultural runoff,urban stormwater,and treated effluents presents significant challenges to aquatic ecosystems.Constructed wetlands(CWs)have gained recog-nition as an eco-friendly solution for removing pollutants from various wastewater sources and are increasingly applied for micro-polluted water treatment.By reviewing 78 full-scale CW studies from Web of Science,it is summarized that the ranges of ammonium nitrogen(NH4+-N)concentrations in runoff,wastewater treatment plant effluent and polluted river were 0.1–6.6,0.3–12.3,and 0.2–41.1 mg/L,respectively.The ranges of ni-trate nitrogen concentrations were 0.2–14.2,0–5.7,and 0–2.6 mg/L,respectively.Removal efficiencies of CWs for micro-polluted water varied by CW types.The total nitrogen removal efficiencies for subsurface-flow CWs,free-water surface-flow CWs,and hybrid CWs ranged from 27.4%to 66.5%,16.8%to 89.8%,and 19.4%to 88.2%,respectively.The NH4+-N removal efficiencies ranged from 34.2%to 73.6%,38.4%to 89.4%and 13.5%to 94.2%,respectively.Additionally,other factors influencing contaminant removal efficiency such as hydraulic retention time,vegetation types,redox micro-environment and influent water quality were evaluated.Based on these findings,two strategies for improving the purification performance of CWs were proposed:the selection of incorporating electron donor substrates and the optimization of operation parameters.This paper serves as a synthesis of information to guide future research and full-scale CW applications in micro-polluted water treatment.
基金financial support from the Nuclear Energy Science&Technology and Human Resource Development Project of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency/Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science(No.R04I034)The author Ruicong Xu appreciates the scholarship(financial support)from the China Scholarship Council(CSC,No.202106380073).
文摘Laser-induced aerosols,predominantly submicron in size,pose significant environmental and health risks during the decommissioning of nuclear reactors.This study experimentally investigated the removal of laser-generated aerosol particles using a water spray system integrated with an innovative system for pre-injecting electrically charged mist in our facility.To simulate aerosol generation in reactor decommissioning,a high-power laser was used to irradiate various materials(including stainless steel,carbon steel,and concrete),generating aerosol particles that were agglomerated with injected water mist and subsequently scavenged by water spray.Experimental results demonstrate enhanced aerosol removal via aerosol-mist agglomeration,with charged mist significantly improving particle capture by increasing wettability and size.The average improvements for the stainless steel,carbon steel,and concrete were 40%,44%,and 21%,respectively.The results of experiments using charged mist with different polarities(both positive and negative)and different surface coatings reveal that the dominant polarity of aerosols varies with the irradiated materials,influenced by their crystal structure and electron emission properties.Notably,surface coatings such as ZrO_(2)and CeO_(2)were found to possibly alter aerosol charging characteristics,thereby affecting aerosol removal efficiency with charged mist configurations.The innovative aerosol-mist agglomeration approach shows promise in mitigating radiation exposure,ensuring environmental safety,and reducing contaminated water during reactor dismantling.This study contributes critical knowledge for the development of advanced aerosol management strategies for nuclear reactor decommissioning.The understanding obtained in this work is also expected to be useful for various environmental and chemical engineering applications such as gas decontamination,air purification,and pollution control.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52375437,52035009)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2024B1515020027)+2 种基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.KQTD20170810110250357)for the financial supportthe assistance of SUSTech Core Research Facilitiessupported by Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Semiconductorspecific Equipment。
文摘The highly efficient manufacturing of atomic-scale smooth β-Ga_(2)O_(3)surface is fairly challenging because β-Ga_(2)O_(3)is a typical difficult-to-machine material.In this study,a novel plasma dry etching method named plasma-based atom-selective etching(PASE)is proposed to achieve the highly efficient,atomic-scale,and damage-free polishing of β-Ga_(2)O_(3).The plasma is excited through the inductive coupling principle and carbon tetrafluoride is utilized as the main reaction gas to etch β-Ga_(2)O_(3).The core of PASE polishing of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)is the remarkable lateral etching effect,which is ensured by both the intrinsic property of the surface and the extrinsic temperature condition.As revealed by density functional theory-based calculations,the intrinsic difference in the etching energy barrier of atoms at the step edge(2.36 eV)and in the terrace plane(4.37 eV)determines their difference in the etching rate,and their etching rate difference can be greatly enlarged by increasing the extrinsic temperature.The polishing of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)based on the lateral etching effect is further verified in the etching experiments.The Sa roughness of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)(001)substrate is reduced from 14.8 nm to 0.057 nm within 120 s,and the corresponding material removal rate reaches up to 20.96μm·min^(−1).The polished β-Ga_(2)O_(3)displays significantly improved crystalline quality and photoluminescence intensity,and the polishing effect of PASE is independent of the crystal face of β-Ga_(2)O_(3).In addition,the competition between chemical etching and physical reconstruction,which is determined by temperature and greatly affects the surface state of β-Ga_(2)O_(3),is deeply studied for the first time.These findings not only demonstrate the high-efficiency and high-quality polishing of β-Ga_(2)O_(3)via atmospheric plasma etching but also hold significant implications for guiding future plasma-based surface manufacturing of β-Ga_(2)O_(3).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A20108)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFD1700102)the Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province(No.2022NK2014).
文摘Several studies have demonstrated that reintroducing crop straw to fields may intensify cadmium(Cd)contamination in agricultural soils.However,the specific effects of long-term straw management practices on Cd concentration and its bioavailability in soil-rice ecosystems remain unclear.In this context,to explore the influence of straw return(SR)and straw removal(NSR)on Cd accumulation in both soil and rice within a double-cropping system,we conducted a four-year field study.Our research study unveiled that NSR consistently decreased soil Cd concentration and its bioavailability by approximately 16.93%–27.30%and 8.23%–21.05%respectively across both study sites.Conversely,SR resulted in a substantial increase in soil Cd bioavailability,ranging from 38.64%–53.95%.Notably,compared to NSR,SR significantly increased total soil Cd by 5.47%–36.58%and increased Cd content in brown rice by 8.00%–100.24%.Remarkably,after four consecutive years of NSR,brown rice Cd concentration at the Changfeng site compiled with national safety standards(GB 2762–2022).Additionally,returning early rice strawsignificantly raised soil Cd bioavailability for the subsequent crop,more so than late rice straw did for the early rice the following year.The findings suggest that traditional double-cropping cultivation with straw removal can effectively mitigate Cd contamination risks in crops and farmland in Hunan Province.
基金support from the earmarked fund for XJARS(No.XJARS-06)the Bingtuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2021DB019,2022CB001-01)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42275014)the Guangdong Foundation for Program of Science and Technology Research,China(No.2023B1212060044)。
文摘Current research primarily focuses on emerging organic pollutants,with limited attention to emerging inorganic pollutants (EIPs).However,due to advances in detection technology and the escalating environmental and health challenges posed by pollution,there is a growing interest in treating waters contaminated with EIPs.This paper explores biochar characteristics and modification methods,encompassing physical,chemical,and biological approaches for adsorbing EIPs.It offers a comprehensive review of research advancements in employing biochar for EIPs remediation in water,outlines the adsorption mechanisms of EIPs by biochar,and presents an environmental and economic analysis.It can be concluded that using biochar for the adsorption of EIPs in wastewater exhibits promising potential.Nonetheless,it is noteworthy that certain EIPs like Au(III),Rh(III),Ir(III),Ru(III),Os(III),Sc(III),and Y(III),have not been extensively investigated regarding their adsorption onto biochar.This comprehensive review will catalyze further inquiry into the biochar-based adsorption of EIPs,addressing current research deficiencies and advancing the practical implementation of biochar as a potent substrate for EIP removal from wastewater streams.
基金Project(2018YFC1900403) supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(CX20210197) supported by the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province,China+1 种基金Project(202206370103) supported by the China Scholarship CouncilProject(2021zzts0115) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
文摘The goethite residue generated from zinc hydrometallurgy is classified as hazardous solid waste,produced in large quantities,and results in significant zinc loss.The study was conducted on removing iron from FeSO_(4)-ZnSO_(4) solution,employing seed-induced nucleation methods.Analysis of the iron removal rate,residue structure,morphology,and elemental composition involved ICP,XRD,FT-IR,and SEM.The existing state of zinc was investigated by combining step-by-step dissolution using hydrochloric acid.Concurrently,iron removal tests were extended to industrial solutions to assess the influence of seeds and solution pH on zinc loss and residue yield.The results revealed that seed addition increased the iron removal rate by 3%,elevated the residual iron content by 6.39%,and mitigated zinc loss by 29.55%in the simulated solution.Seed-induced nucleation prevented excessive nuclei formation,fostering crystal stable growth and high crystallinity.In addition,the zinc content of surface adsorption and crystal internal embedding in the residue was determined,and the zinc distribution on the surface was dense.In contrast,the total amount of zinc within the crystal was higher.The test results in the industrial solution demonstrated that the introduction of seeds expanded the pH range for goethite formation and growth,and the zinc loss per ton of iron removed was reduced by 50.91 kg(34.12%)and the iron residue reduced by 0.17 t(8.72%).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62201171).
文摘Wigner-Ville distribution(WVD)is widely used in the field of signal processing due to its excellent time-frequency(TF)concentration.However,WVD is severely limited by the cross-term when working with multicomponent signals.In this paper,we analyze the property differences between auto-term and cross-term in the one-dimensional sequence and the two-dimensional plane and approximate entropy and Rényi entropy are employed to describe them,respectively.Based on this information,we propose a new method to achieve adaptive cross-term removal by combining seeded region growing.Compared to other methods,the new method can achieve cross-term removal without decreasing the TF concentration of the auto-term.Simulation and experimental data processing results show that the method is adaptive and is not constrained by the type or distribution of signals.And it performs well in low signal-to-noise ratio environments.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0703400)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang(GK239909299001021)+1 种基金the Ninth China Association for Science and Technology Youth Talent Lift Project Support Plan(KYZ015324002)the Changjiang Scholars Program of Chinese Ministry of Education。
文摘Atomic surfaces are strictly required by high-performance devices of diamond.Nevertheless,diamond is the hardest material in nature,leading to the low material removal rate(MRR)and high surface roughness during machining.Noxious slurries are widely used in conventional chemical mechanical polishing(CMP),resulting in the possible pollution to the environment.Moreover,the traditional slurries normally contain more than four ingredients,causing difficulties to control the process and quality of CMP.To solve these challenges,a novel green CMP for single crystal diamond was developed,consisting of only hydrogen peroxide,diamond abrasive and Prussian blue(PB)/titania catalyst.After CMP,atomic surface is achieved with surface roughness Sa of 0.079 nm,and the MRR is 1168 nm·h^(-1).Thickness of damaged layer is merely 0.66 nm confirmed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,electron paramagnetic resonance and TEM reveal that·OH radicals form under ultraviolet irradiation on PB/titania catalyst.The·OH radicals oxidize diamond,transforming it from monocrystalline to amorphous atomic structure,generating a soft amorphous layer.This contributes the high MRR and formation of atomic surface on diamond.The developed novel green CMP offers new insights to achieve atomic surface of diamond for potential use in their high-performance devices.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62175266,61775245)。
文摘The removal of harmful cyanobacterial blooms(HCBs)and reuse of the resulting algal sludge are pressing issues in current environmental governance and ecological conservation.Aiming at tackling the abovementioned challenges,titanium(Ti)-based coagulants are promising candidates.However,most of them suffer from poor stability and weak actual algal removal ability,and recycling of the algal sludge usually produces titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))with low photocatalytic ability.In this work,a lanthanum(La)-modified polytitanium chloride(La-PTC)coagulant is reported.La in the La-PTC coagulant serves a"kill two birds with one stone"strategy in algae removal and algae sludge reuse.Owing to the introduction of La ions,the La-PTC coagulant exhibits ultra-high stability and excellent algae removal capability with an efficiency of 98.71%,which is 7.25%higher than that of PTC coagulant.Moreover,recycling algae sludge can prepare high catalytic(2.45 times the commercial P25 TiO_(2))La/C-TiO_(2),where the presence of La enhances its visible light response range and inhibits electron hole recombination.The strategy of this La modified coagulant can not only achieve efficient re moval of HCBs,but also transfo rm the recovered algal sludge into photocatalysts with higher catalytic capacity.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of ShanDong(Nos.ZR2023QD152 and ZR2021MD002).
文摘The application of photocatalytic technology in algae killing is limited by the non-floatability and difficulty in recycling of the photocatalysts.Loading photocatalyst on magnetic or floatable carriers is the most popular method for overcoming the above inadequacies.In this work,a CdZnS/TiO_(2) membrane photocatalyst with adjustable suspended depth(include floating)and flexible assembly is designed,which is less prone to dislodgement due to in situ synthesis and has a wider range of applicability than previously reported photocatalysts.The photocatalytic removal of Microcystis aeruginosa revealed that the suspended depth and distribution format of the CdZnS/TiO_(2) membrane photocatalysts have striking effects on the photocatalytic removal performance of Microcystis aeruginosa,the photocatalytic removal efficiency of CdZnS/TiO_(2)-2 membrane photocatalysts for Microcystis aeruginosa could reach to 98.6%in 60 min when the photocatalysts assembled in the form of 3×3 arrays suspended at a depth of 2 cm from the liquid surface.A tiny amount of TiO_(2) loading allows the formation of Z-Scheme heterojunction,resulting in accelerating the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers,preserving the photogenerated electrons and holes with stronger reduction and oxidation ability and inhabiting the photo-corrosion of CdZnS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278066,21776039)the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFB4103001)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT2021TB03).
文摘Mercury removal from coal combustion flue gas remains a significant challenge for environmental protection due to the lack of cost-effective sorbents.In this study,a series of red mud(RM)-based sorbents impregnated with sodium halides(NaBr and NaI)are presented to capture elemental mercury(Hg^(0))from flue gas.The modified RM underwent comprehensive characterization,including analysis of its textural qualities,crystal structure,chemical composition,and thermal properties.The results indicate that the halide impregnation substantially impacts the surface area and pore size of the RM.Hg^(0) removal performance was evaluated on a fixed-bed reactor in simulated flue gas(consisting of N_(2),O_(2),CO_(2),NO and SO_(2),etc.)on a modified RM.At an optimal adsorption temperature of 160℃,NaI-modified sorbent(RMI5)offers a removal efficiency of 98%in a mixture of gas,including O_(2),NO and HCl.Furthermore,pseudo-second-order model fitting results demonstrate the chemisorption mechanism for the adsorption of Hg^(0) in kinetic investigations.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(KQTD20190929172505711,JSGG20210420091802007,GJHZ20210705141807023,JSGG20220831110605009,and JCYJ20210324115413036)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021B1515120009)the Department of Guangdong Science and Technology(2019JC01Z031).
文摘Machining high-performance engineering materials,faces challenges including low machining efficiency,poor workpiece surface integrity,and rapid tool wear,which restrict high quality and efficient machining.Ultra-high-speed machining(UHSM)has been expected to address these issues.However,the material removal mechanisms involved in UHSM remain unclear and need further exploration.This paper reviews the criteria for evaluating the ductile and brittle behaviors of high-performance materials subjected to machining,as well as the developmental history of the material’s ductile-brittle transition induced by machining,proposing the concept of relativization of ductile-brittle property.Additionally,it further summarizes three typical material removal mechanisms:ductile-mode removal based on shear stress,brittle-mode removal based on tensile stress,and extrusion removal based on compressive stress,clarifying the universality of the brittle-mode removal.On this basis,this paper focuses on the discussion of the material removal mechanisms in UHSM,including high strain-rate-induced material embrittlement,UHSM-induced skin effect of damage,and the thermal effect in UHSM.Furthermore,it provides a detailed description of the typical characteristics of chip morphology in the ductile-brittle transition region(DBTR)under the high strain rate condition and,for the first time,elucidates the material removal mechanisms in the DBTR from a microstructural dislocation perspective,enriching the basic theory of UHSM.In the discussion section,it standardizes the definition for the UHSM,and explores the dislocation movement at high strain rates and the crack propagation in the UHSM.Finally,based on the current status of the UHSM technology,it summarizes the relevant research hotspots.For the first time,this paper brings up the brittle-mode removal mechanism under ultra-high-speed conditions,which is helpful to promote the UHSM for industrial applications.
基金Project(52174385)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2023YFC3904003,2023YFC3904004,2023YFC390400501)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China。
文摘Copper is a strategic metal that plays an important role in many industries.In copper metallurgy,electrolytic refining is essential to obtain high-purity copper.However,during the electrolytic refining process,impurities such as arsenic are introduced into the electrolyte,which significantly affect the subsequent production and quality of copper products.This paper first discusses the sources,forms,and transformation pathways of arsenic in copper electrolyte during the electrolytic process,then reviews various arsenic removal technologies in detail,including electrowinning,adsorption,solvent extraction,ion exchange,membrane filtration,and precipitation.Particular emphasis is placed on electrowinning,which is the most widely used and mature among these arsenic removal techniques.The paper evaluates these methods based on arsenic removal efficiency,cost effectiveness,technical maturity,environmental friendliness,and operation simplicity.In addition,the paper explores future trends in copper electrolyte purification,focusing on waste reduction at source,resource utilization,intelligent digitalization,and innovations in materials and processes.This review aims to provide researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive and in-depth reference on arsenic removal methods in copper electrolytes.
基金the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52405447 and 52275299)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2021YFB1716200)the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province in China (Grant No. 20232BBE50011)。
文摘Atomic-level manufacturing,as the "keystone" of future technology,marks the transformative shift from the micro/nano era based on "classical theory" to the atomic era grounded in "quantum theory".It enables the precise control of matter arrangement and composition at the atomic scale,thereby achieving large-scale production of atomically precise and structured products.Electrochemical deposition(ECD),a typical "atom addition" fabrication method for electrochemical atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing(EC-ACSM),enables precise control over material properties at the atomic scale,allowing breakthroughs in revolutionary performance of semiconductors,quantum computing,new materials,nanomedicine,etc.This review explores the fundamentals of EC-ACSM,particularly at the electrode/electrolyte interface,and investigates maskless ECD techniques,highlighting their advantages,limitations,and the role of in situ monitoring and advanced simulations in the process optimization.However,atomic electrochemical deposition faces significant challenges in precise control over atom-ion interactions,electrode-electrolyte interfacial dynamics,and surface defects.In the future,overcoming these obstacles is critical to advancing EC-ACSM and unlocking its full potential in scalability for industrial applications.EC-ACSM can drive the highly customized design of materials and offer strong technological support for the development of future science,ushering in a new atomic era of material innovation and device manufacturing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22077099,22171223 and 22307102)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2023-CX-TD-75 and 2022KJXX-32)+5 种基金the Technology Innovation Leading Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2023KXJ-209 and 2024QCYKXJ-142)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2023-JC-YB-141 and 2022JQ-151)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(No.2024GH-ZDXM-22)Young Talent Fund of Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China(No.SWYY202206)the Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Chemistry&Biology(Nos.22JHZ010 and 22JHQ080)the Yan’an City Science and Technology Project(No.2022SLZDCY-002).
文摘Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) provide great prospective in the photodegradation of pollutants. Nevertheless, the poor separation and recovery hamper their pilot-or industrial-scare applications because of their microcrystalline features. Herein, this challenge can be tackled by integrating Cu-MOFs into an alginate substrate to offer environmentally friendly, sustainable, facile separation, and high-performance MOF-based hydrogel photocatalysis platforms. The CuⅡ-MOF 1 and CuⅠ-MOF 2 were initially synthesized through a direct diffusion and single-crystal to single-crystal(SCSC) transformation method, respectively,and after the immobilization into alginate, more effective pollutant decontamination was achieved via the synergistic effect of the adsorption feature of hydrogel and in situ photodegradation of Cu-MOFs.Specifically, Cu-MOF-alginate composites present an improved and nearly completed Cr(Ⅵ) elimination at a short time of 15–25 min. Additionally, the congo red(CR) decolorization can be effectively enhanced in the presence of Cr(Ⅵ), and 1-alginate showed superior simultaneous decontamination efficiency of CR and Cr(Ⅵ) with 99% and 78%, respectively. Furthermore, Cu-MOF-alginate composites can maintain a high pollutant removal after over 10 continuous cycles(95% for Cr(Ⅵ) after 14 runs, and 90% for CR after 10runs). Moreover, the Cr(Ⅵ)/CR degradation mechanism for Cu-MOF-alginate composite was investigated.
基金supported by the Key 491 R&D Programof Hubei Province(No.2022BCA083).
文摘In this study,an efficient stabilizer material for cadmium(Cd^(2+))treatment was successfully prepared by simply co-milling olivine with magnesite.Several analyticalmethods including XRD,TEM,SEM and FTIR,combined with theoretical calculations(DFT),were used to investigate mechanochemical interfacial reaction between twominerals,and the reaction mechanism of Cd removal,with ion exchange between Cd^(2+)and Mg^(2+)as the main pathway.A fixation capacity of Cd^(2+)as high as 270.61 mg/g,much higher than that of the pristine minerals and even the individual/physical mixture of milled olivine and magnesite,has been obtained at optimized conditions,with a neutral pH value of the solution after treatment to allow its direct discharge.The as-proposed Mg-based stabilizer with various advantages such as cost benefits,green feature etc.,will boosts the utilization efficiency of naturalminerals over the elaborately prepared adsorbents.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22176068)the Research and Innovation Initiatives of WHPU (No.2022J03),the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No.2023AFB938)the Scientific research project of Education Department of Hubei Province (No.D20221610).
文摘Nitrate(NO3-)is a widespread pollutant in high-salt wastewater and causes serious harm to human health.Although electrochemical removal of nitrate has been demonstrated to be a promising treatment method,the development of low-cost electro-catalysts is still challenging.In this work,a phosphate modified iron(P-Fe)cathode was prepared for electrochemical removal of nitrate in high-salt wastewater.The phosphate modification greatly improved the activity of iron,and the removal rate of nitrate on P-Fe was three times higher than that on Fe electrode.Further experiments and density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrated that the modification of phosphoric acid improved the stability and the activity of the zero-valent iron electrode effectively for NO_(3)^(-) removal.The nitrate was firstly electrochemically reduced to ammonium,and then reacted with the anodic generated hypochlorite to N_(2).In this study,a strategy was developed to improve the activity and stability of metal electrode for NO_(3)^(-)removal,which opened up a new field for the efficient reduction of NO3-removal by metal electrode materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22276168 and 21876154)A Project Supported by Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department(No.Y202456226)。
文摘Accelerating the separation of carriers in the heterojunction plays vital role in the photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)process,yet it remains a challenging undertaking.Herein,a MOF-on-MOF based dual S-scheme heterojunction(BiVO_(4)/NH_(2)-MIL-125(Ti)/NH_(2)-MIL-53(Fe),denoted as BVO/NM125/NM53)was rationally designed and prepared for PEC removing and detoxification of organic contaminants(phenol,tetracycline hydrochloride,ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin).The S-scheme heterojunction was double confirmed by DFT calculation and XPS analysis.The charge transfer resistance of BVO/NM125/NM53 photoanode decreases to 1/11 of bare BiVO_(4) photoanode.Meanwhile,the photocurrent densitywas 3 times higher,demonstrating a marked improvement in carrier separation efficiency due to dual S-scheme heterojunction.The photoanode achieved 94.3%removal of phenol within 60 min and maintained stable performance over 10 consecutive cycles,demonstrating good PEC efficiency and structural stability.The BVO/NM125/NM53 photoanode also showed effectiveness in removing antibiotics,with chlorophyll fluorescence imaging confirming a significant reduction in the ecotoxicity of intermediates.For example,wheat seed germination,growth,chlorophyll and Carotenoid production were not affected,which was similar to that of deionized water.Radical trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)analysis identified·O_(2)^(-)and·OH as the primary active species.This work demonstrates the effectiveness of developing MOF-on-MOF heterojunctions for visible-light response and enhancing charge separation in PEC.
基金supported by Science and Technology Talent and Platform Program of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department(No.202305AM070001)Zhaotong Phoenix Plan(2021)+1 种基金Double-First Class University Plan(No.C176220100042)the Postgraduate Research and Innovation Foundation of Yunnan University(No.KC-23234662)。
文摘A porous lanthanum(La)carbonate-carbon composite(LaCC)was prepared by vacuum-freeze-drying and pyrolysis techniques to remove phosphorus(P)from wastewater.Using polyethylene glycol as a carbon skeleton template,and the organic ligands are removed during pyrolysis,resulting in the creation of many pore structures.The LaCC showed excellent P removal performance and selectivity over a wide p H range(3–10).It exhibited a rapid adsorption rate and could hold up to 119.5 mg P/g.Fixed-bed column experiments showed that under dynamic conditions,just 1 g of LaCC effectively treated 60 L of P-contaminated wastewater with an initial concentration of 2 mg/L,meeting the primary discharge standard of<0.5 mg/L according to the comprehensive sewage guidelines of China.Bacterial experiments showed that the LaCC could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli,indicating that it has both P removal and bacterial inhibition effects,which can greatly improve the application range of adsorbents.
基金Project(2019yff0216502)supported by the National Key Research&Development Plan of Ministry of Science and Technology of ChinaProject(2021SK1020-4)supported by the Major Science and Technological Innovation Project of Hunan Province,China。
文摘Removing copper from nickel electrolysis anode solution has been a major keypoint in the nickel metallurgy industry.In this study,we proposed a novel process flow to promote removing copper from nickel electrolysis anode solution.A simulated nickel anode solution was designed,and static and dynamic adsorption experiments were conducted to determine the best of solution pH,adsorption time and temperature,resin dosage and particle size,and stirring speed.The optimal conditions were explored for copper removal from nickel electrolysis anode solution.Based on the optimal experimental conditions and the relevant experimental data,a novel process for copper removal from nickel electrolysis anodes was designed and verified.This novel process of copper removal from nickel electrolysis anodes was confirmed with nickel anolyte solution with nickel 50−60 g/L and copper 0.5 g/L.After finishing the novel process of copper removal,the nickel in the purified nickel anolyte became undetectable and copper concentration was 3 mg/L,the novel process of resin adsorption to remove copper from nickel anode solution through static and dynamic adsorptions has an efficacious copper removal.It is a beneficial supplement to traditional methods.
