Peanut seedlings develop from seeds by hypocotyl elongation and differentiation.However,the intricate gene regulatory networks and molecular crosstalk underlying hypocotyl growth in peanuts remain largely unknown.In t...Peanut seedlings develop from seeds by hypocotyl elongation and differentiation.However,the intricate gene regulatory networks and molecular crosstalk underlying hypocotyl growth in peanuts remain largely unknown.In this study,a single-nucleus gene expression landscape in peanut seedlings was initially developed from diverse tissues,including stems,roots,leaves,and hypocotyls.Core transcription factor interaction networks driving developmental trajectories were identified to decipher hypocotyl cell heterogeneity.Jasmonic acid and cytokinin regulate peanut hypocotyl expansion and differentiation based on the number and size of cortex cells and hormone levels between the hypocotyl at 3 and 7 d after germination.We further demonstrated that AhBHLH143 potentially represses hypocotyl elongation by promoting the JA pathway and inhibiting the cytokinin pathway.The single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of peanut seedlings reveals new insights into hypocotyl development and provides a valuable resource for future investigations of seedling development.展开更多
Objective To develop a multimodal imaging atlas of a rat brain-computer interface(BCI)that incorporates brain,arterial,bone tissue and a BCI device using mixed reality(MR)for three-dimensional(3D)visualization.Methods...Objective To develop a multimodal imaging atlas of a rat brain-computer interface(BCI)that incorporates brain,arterial,bone tissue and a BCI device using mixed reality(MR)for three-dimensional(3D)visualization.Methods An invasive BCI was implanted in the left visual cortex of 4-week-old Sprague–Dawley rats.Multimodal imaging techniques,including micro-CT and 9.0 T MRI,were used to acquire images of the rat cranial bone structure,vascular distribution,brain tissue functional zones,and BCI device before and after implantation.Using 3D-slicer software,the images were fused through spatial transformations,followed by image segmentation and 3D model reconstruction.The HoloLens platform was employed for MR visualization.Results This study constructed a multimodal imaging atlas for rats that included the skull,brain tissue,arterial tissue,and BCI device coupled with MR technology to create an interactive 3D anatomical model.Conclusions This multimodal 3D atlas provides an objective and stable reference for exploring complex relationships between brain tissue structure and function,enhancing the understanding of the operational principles of BCIs.This is the first multimodal 3D imaging atlas related to a BCI created using Sprague–Dawley rats.展开更多
The Southern Atlas front of Tunisia(SAFT),which includes the Gantass structure,is part of the wide fold and thrust belt that developed along the North African margin.In the present work,an integrated geological and ge...The Southern Atlas front of Tunisia(SAFT),which includes the Gantass structure,is part of the wide fold and thrust belt that developed along the North African margin.In the present work,an integrated geological and geophysical study has been conducted using geological maps,drillhole and seismic data to shed lights on the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the SAFT,with particular focus on the Gantass structure.Seismic data has been calibrated using well data and interpreted to reconstruct the preexisting architecture of the region,revealing a Turonian carbonate platform to the south,which passes into a deep basin northwards.Notably,reef constructions have been identified along the platform margin.In addition,we reconstruct the main evolutionary stages of the region:(1)post-rift subsidence from Cenomanian to Campanian,following Early Jurassic rifting,(2)uplift of the Campanian-Maastrichtian carbonate platform during Late Cretaceous compression,(3)successive compressional phases marked by unconformities reflecting middle-to late Eocene,Tortonian and early Pleistocene periods.Our analysis demonstrates that the nucleation of the Gantass structure is not only controlled by pre-existing faults but also by stratigraphic heterogeneity.While most of the regional structures have been shaped by these successive tectonic phases,the Gantass structure,which we interpret as an incipient fault-propagation fold,developed during the latest compression stage.From an economic perspective,this study proves the presence of new reserves of phosphate deposits and highlights potential stratigraphic traps for future hydrocarbon exploration in the region.展开更多
Primates exhibit complex brain structures that augment cognitive function.The neocortex fulfills high-cognitive functions through billions of connected neurons.These neurons have distinct transcriptomic,morphological,...Primates exhibit complex brain structures that augment cognitive function.The neocortex fulfills high-cognitive functions through billions of connected neurons.These neurons have distinct transcriptomic,morphological,and electrophysiological properties,and their connectivity principles vary.These features endow the primate brain atlas with a multimodal nature.The recent integration of next-generation sequencing with modified patch-clamp techniques is revolutionizing the way to census the primate neocortex,enabling a multimodal neuronal atlas to be established in great detail:(1)single-cell/single-nucleus RNA-seq technology establishes high-throughput transcriptomic references,covering all major transcriptomic cell types;(2)patch-seq links the morphological and electrophysiological features to the transcriptomic reference;(3)multicell patch-clamp delineates the principles of local connectivity.Here,we review the applications of these technologies in the primate neocortex and discuss the current advances and tentative gaps for a comprehensive understanding of the primate neocortex.展开更多
This work analyzes the photometric data of the Oort spike comets C/2019 L3(ATLAS)and C/2019 O3(Palomar)obtained between 2016 and 2023 by the ATLAS network and the Belgian Olmen Observatory.The comets Palomar and ATLAS...This work analyzes the photometric data of the Oort spike comets C/2019 L3(ATLAS)and C/2019 O3(Palomar)obtained between 2016 and 2023 by the ATLAS network and the Belgian Olmen Observatory.The comets Palomar and ATLAS have a typical and unusually high activity level,respectively,based on the Afρparameter corrected to phase angle zero at perihelion.The absolute magnitude of comets ATLAS and Palomar in the o-band is 4.71±0.05 and 4.16±0.02 respectively.The cometary activity of comets ATLAS and Palomar probably began at r>13 au before perihelion and will end at r>14 au after perihelion,which means that they could remain active until the second half of 2026.The nucleus of comet ATLAS has a minimum radius of 7.9 km,and the nucleus of comet Palomar could be a little larger.The c-o colors of the comets ATLAS and Palomar are redder and bluer,respectively,at perihelion than the solar twin YBP 1194.These comets showed a bluish trend in the coma color with decreasing heliocentric distance.Comet Palomar probably had two outbursts after its perihelion,each releasing about 10^(8)kg of dust.The slopes of the photometric profile of the comae of these comets were between 1and 1.5,indicating a steady state during the observation campaign.展开更多
In this work,we report observations of three comets:38P/Stephan-Oterma,64P/Swift-Gehrels,and C/2017 M4(ATLAS),conducted with the Nanshan one-meter wide-field telescope in 2018 August and November,and 2019January.We ex...In this work,we report observations of three comets:38P/Stephan-Oterma,64P/Swift-Gehrels,and C/2017 M4(ATLAS),conducted with the Nanshan one-meter wide-field telescope in 2018 August and November,and 2019January.We extracted morphological features through image enhancement techniques and calculated the dust activity parameter,Afρ,along with dust mass loss rates and coma color indices using broadband photometric data.Our morphological analysis uncovered a spectrum of dust characteristics among the observed comets,ranging from a significant twisted structure in comet 38P/Stephan-Oterma’s coma to the regular coma envelope surrounding comet 64P/Swift-Gehrels.The Afρvalues varied between 148.8±0.3 cm for 64P/Swift-Gehrels and1118.5±6.2 cm for C/2017 M4(ATLAS)(measured within a reference aperture radius ofρ=6″),indicating a range from moderate to high activity levels.Dust mass loss rates were estimated from 328.1 kg s^(-1)for comet 64P/Swift-Gehrels to 1395.5 kg s^(-1)for comet C/2017 M4(ATLAS).The color indices of comets 38P/Stephan-Oterma and C/2017 M4(ATLAS)closely resemble the average colors of active short-period comets and active longperiod comets,respectively.In contrast,64P/Swift-Gehrels exhibits a significantly bluer hue than typical Jupiter family comets.展开更多
Upper mantle earthquakes are usually associated with plate boundary tectonics, but rarely occur beneath intracontinental orogenic belts. In the Moroccan Atlas Mountains, earthquakes determined at subcrustal depths are...Upper mantle earthquakes are usually associated with plate boundary tectonics, but rarely occur beneath intracontinental orogenic belts. In the Moroccan Atlas Mountains, earthquakes determined at subcrustal depths are a controversial topic because they are few in number compared to subduction zones and are not related to plate boundary tectonics. A recent increase of broadband stations in Morocco has revealed numerous events below the Atlas belts, thought to occur from the upper mantle. Using additional available stations, these Atlas events were relocated and new epicenter resolutions were acquired following rigorous depth and RMS error criteria. 309 events were reprocessed and epicenter depths obtained were between 31 and 240 km during the last 23 years. Temporal variations of High Atlas events appear to be continually dipping while Anti Atlas events show no temporal variation trends. In addition, a recent strong event M6.8 occurred in September 2023 at the transition crust-uppermost mantle followed by several aftershocks which have been relocated at uppermost mantle depths. These events support delamination model under the High-Middle Atlas which could flow southward beneath the Anti Atlas lithosphere, and explain the large variation observed in lithosphere thickness between the High-Middle Atlas, and the Anti Atlas. Subcrustal events beneath the Atlas may be related to upper mantle earthquakes beneath the neighboring Canary Islands which have experienced recent swarms and eruptions. This possible correlation cannot be excluded since descending and ascending material is necessary for a regional geodynamic balance.展开更多
Nowadays,an increasing number of crises worldwide,triggered by climate extremes,natural and human-made hazards,the coronavirus pandemic,and more,pose a high pressure on crisis,emergency,and disaster management.Spatial...Nowadays,an increasing number of crises worldwide,triggered by climate extremes,natural and human-made hazards,the coronavirus pandemic,and more,pose a high pressure on crisis,emergency,and disaster management.Spatial data and Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI)are key issues in the successful and immediate response to crises.This paper aims to explore the use of VGI in crisis management,including emergency and disaster management,based on a scoping review of existing literature in English for five years(2016-2020).Specifically,the research intends to answer Scoping Review Questions(SRQ)regarding the use of VGI in crisis,emergency,and disaster management,and the verified cases’spatial distribution,the VGI sources utilized(e.g.OpenStreetMap-OSM,Crowdsourcing,Twitter),the types of hazards(e.g.natural and human-made hazards,pandemic),the specific tasks in crisis,emergency or disaster management and VGI use in the management of actual crisis events,e.g.COVID-19 pandemic,Hurricane Katrina,etc.Eligible papers on VGI use in crisis,emergency,and disaster management are geolocated based on first-author affiliation,and as a result,a spatial bibliography is provided.Thus,the term Spatial Scoping Review is introduced.Scoping Review Questions are answered,and the results are analyzed and discussed.Finally,implementing the“VGICED Atlas”,a web atlas,permits the publication of the research results to a broad audience and the visualization of the analysis with several interactive maps.展开更多
由杨培增教授独自完成的大型英文葡萄膜炎专著《Atlas of Uveitis:Diagnosis and Treatment》已于2020年12月由Springer出版社和人民卫生出版社联合出版。此书是目前国际上单人完成的最大葡萄膜炎专著,共860页、3000余张患者图片,约合中...由杨培增教授独自完成的大型英文葡萄膜炎专著《Atlas of Uveitis:Diagnosis and Treatment》已于2020年12月由Springer出版社和人民卫生出版社联合出版。此书是目前国际上单人完成的最大葡萄膜炎专著,共860页、3000余张患者图片,约合中文170万字。此书分为Overview、Diagnosis of Uveitis、Treatment of Uveitis.Uveitisentities,Scleritis and Episcleritis四大部分,详细介绍了葡萄膜炎类疾病的疾病谱,常见类型的临床特征、进展和致盲规律,疾病诊疗的思想、原则、策略,并使用大量精美图片展现了常见葡萄膜炎类型的表现谱,即从发病到疾病后期,从最细微的异常到最严重的改变,从罕见的表现到典型的特征,展示出葡萄膜炎的全貌和细节,既可使临床医师快速掌握疾病要点,又不至于遗漏细微之处。这也是中国眼科医师首次向国际介绍葡萄膜炎诊疗的中国标准、方案和经验。展开更多
基金supported by the Guangdong Provincial Key Research and Development Program-Modern Seed Industry(2022B0202060004)National Key Research and Development Project(2023YFD1202800)+9 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272121,32172051,32301869,32000471)Guangdong Science and Technology Plan Project(2023B1212060038)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021A1515010811,2023A1515010098,2023A1515010569)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-13)Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A04J0776)Special Fund for Scientific Innovation Strategy-Construction of High Level Academy of Agriculture Science(R2020PY-JX004,R2020PY-JG005,R2021PY-QY003,R2022YJYB3025)the Foundation of the Director of Crop Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agriculture Sciences(202201,202306)Special Funds for the Revitalization of Agriculture through Seed Industry under the Provincial Rural Revitalization Strategy(2022-NPY-00-022)the Project of Collaborative Innovation Center of GDAAS(XTXM202203)Science and Technology Planning Project of Heyuan City(Heyuan She Nong Da Zhuan Xiang 2022002).
文摘Peanut seedlings develop from seeds by hypocotyl elongation and differentiation.However,the intricate gene regulatory networks and molecular crosstalk underlying hypocotyl growth in peanuts remain largely unknown.In this study,a single-nucleus gene expression landscape in peanut seedlings was initially developed from diverse tissues,including stems,roots,leaves,and hypocotyls.Core transcription factor interaction networks driving developmental trajectories were identified to decipher hypocotyl cell heterogeneity.Jasmonic acid and cytokinin regulate peanut hypocotyl expansion and differentiation based on the number and size of cortex cells and hormone levels between the hypocotyl at 3 and 7 d after germination.We further demonstrated that AhBHLH143 potentially represses hypocotyl elongation by promoting the JA pathway and inhibiting the cytokinin pathway.The single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of peanut seedlings reveals new insights into hypocotyl development and provides a valuable resource for future investigations of seedling development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82172524 and No.81974355)National Innovation Platform Development Program(No.2020021105012440),China+3 种基金Major Program of Hubei Province(No.2021BEA161),ChinaMajor Key Project of Hubei Province(No.JD2023BAA005),ChinaWuhan Union Hospital Free Innovation Preliminary Research Fund(No.2024XHYN047),ChinaJoint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology(No.2024Y9062),Fujian Province,China.
文摘Objective To develop a multimodal imaging atlas of a rat brain-computer interface(BCI)that incorporates brain,arterial,bone tissue and a BCI device using mixed reality(MR)for three-dimensional(3D)visualization.Methods An invasive BCI was implanted in the left visual cortex of 4-week-old Sprague–Dawley rats.Multimodal imaging techniques,including micro-CT and 9.0 T MRI,were used to acquire images of the rat cranial bone structure,vascular distribution,brain tissue functional zones,and BCI device before and after implantation.Using 3D-slicer software,the images were fused through spatial transformations,followed by image segmentation and 3D model reconstruction.The HoloLens platform was employed for MR visualization.Results This study constructed a multimodal imaging atlas for rats that included the skull,brain tissue,arterial tissue,and BCI device coupled with MR technology to create an interactive 3D anatomical model.Conclusions This multimodal 3D atlas provides an objective and stable reference for exploring complex relationships between brain tissue structure and function,enhancing the understanding of the operational principles of BCIs.This is the first multimodal 3D imaging atlas related to a BCI created using Sprague–Dawley rats.
文摘The Southern Atlas front of Tunisia(SAFT),which includes the Gantass structure,is part of the wide fold and thrust belt that developed along the North African margin.In the present work,an integrated geological and geophysical study has been conducted using geological maps,drillhole and seismic data to shed lights on the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the SAFT,with particular focus on the Gantass structure.Seismic data has been calibrated using well data and interpreted to reconstruct the preexisting architecture of the region,revealing a Turonian carbonate platform to the south,which passes into a deep basin northwards.Notably,reef constructions have been identified along the platform margin.In addition,we reconstruct the main evolutionary stages of the region:(1)post-rift subsidence from Cenomanian to Campanian,following Early Jurassic rifting,(2)uplift of the Campanian-Maastrichtian carbonate platform during Late Cretaceous compression,(3)successive compressional phases marked by unconformities reflecting middle-to late Eocene,Tortonian and early Pleistocene periods.Our analysis demonstrates that the nucleation of the Gantass structure is not only controlled by pre-existing faults but also by stratigraphic heterogeneity.While most of the regional structures have been shaped by these successive tectonic phases,the Gantass structure,which we interpret as an incipient fault-propagation fold,developed during the latest compression stage.From an economic perspective,this study proves the presence of new reserves of phosphate deposits and highlights potential stratigraphic traps for future hydrocarbon exploration in the region.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(81961128021 and 82371095)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YEF0203200)+1 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Key R&D Programs(2018B030335001)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(202007030011 and 202007030010).
文摘Primates exhibit complex brain structures that augment cognitive function.The neocortex fulfills high-cognitive functions through billions of connected neurons.These neurons have distinct transcriptomic,morphological,and electrophysiological properties,and their connectivity principles vary.These features endow the primate brain atlas with a multimodal nature.The recent integration of next-generation sequencing with modified patch-clamp techniques is revolutionizing the way to census the primate neocortex,enabling a multimodal neuronal atlas to be established in great detail:(1)single-cell/single-nucleus RNA-seq technology establishes high-throughput transcriptomic references,covering all major transcriptomic cell types;(2)patch-seq links the morphological and electrophysiological features to the transcriptomic reference;(3)multicell patch-clamp delineates the principles of local connectivity.Here,we review the applications of these technologies in the primate neocortex and discuss the current advances and tentative gaps for a comprehensive understanding of the primate neocortex.
基金The ATLAS project is primarily funded to search for near-earth asteroids through NASA grants NN12AR55G,80NSSC18K0284,and 80NSSC18K1575funded by Kepler/K2 grant J1944/80NSSC19K0112 and HST GO-15889,and STFC grants ST/T000198/1 and ST/S006109/1。
文摘This work analyzes the photometric data of the Oort spike comets C/2019 L3(ATLAS)and C/2019 O3(Palomar)obtained between 2016 and 2023 by the ATLAS network and the Belgian Olmen Observatory.The comets Palomar and ATLAS have a typical and unusually high activity level,respectively,based on the Afρparameter corrected to phase angle zero at perihelion.The absolute magnitude of comets ATLAS and Palomar in the o-band is 4.71±0.05 and 4.16±0.02 respectively.The cometary activity of comets ATLAS and Palomar probably began at r>13 au before perihelion and will end at r>14 au after perihelion,which means that they could remain active until the second half of 2026.The nucleus of comet ATLAS has a minimum radius of 7.9 km,and the nucleus of comet Palomar could be a little larger.The c-o colors of the comets ATLAS and Palomar are redder and bluer,respectively,at perihelion than the solar twin YBP 1194.These comets showed a bluish trend in the coma color with decreasing heliocentric distance.Comet Palomar probably had two outbursts after its perihelion,each releasing about 10^(8)kg of dust.The slopes of the photometric profile of the comae of these comets were between 1and 1.5,indicating a steady state during the observation campaign.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China(grant No.2021D01B112)Tianshan Talent Training Program through the grant 2023TSYCCX0101。
文摘In this work,we report observations of three comets:38P/Stephan-Oterma,64P/Swift-Gehrels,and C/2017 M4(ATLAS),conducted with the Nanshan one-meter wide-field telescope in 2018 August and November,and 2019January.We extracted morphological features through image enhancement techniques and calculated the dust activity parameter,Afρ,along with dust mass loss rates and coma color indices using broadband photometric data.Our morphological analysis uncovered a spectrum of dust characteristics among the observed comets,ranging from a significant twisted structure in comet 38P/Stephan-Oterma’s coma to the regular coma envelope surrounding comet 64P/Swift-Gehrels.The Afρvalues varied between 148.8±0.3 cm for 64P/Swift-Gehrels and1118.5±6.2 cm for C/2017 M4(ATLAS)(measured within a reference aperture radius ofρ=6″),indicating a range from moderate to high activity levels.Dust mass loss rates were estimated from 328.1 kg s^(-1)for comet 64P/Swift-Gehrels to 1395.5 kg s^(-1)for comet C/2017 M4(ATLAS).The color indices of comets 38P/Stephan-Oterma and C/2017 M4(ATLAS)closely resemble the average colors of active short-period comets and active longperiod comets,respectively.In contrast,64P/Swift-Gehrels exhibits a significantly bluer hue than typical Jupiter family comets.
文摘Upper mantle earthquakes are usually associated with plate boundary tectonics, but rarely occur beneath intracontinental orogenic belts. In the Moroccan Atlas Mountains, earthquakes determined at subcrustal depths are a controversial topic because they are few in number compared to subduction zones and are not related to plate boundary tectonics. A recent increase of broadband stations in Morocco has revealed numerous events below the Atlas belts, thought to occur from the upper mantle. Using additional available stations, these Atlas events were relocated and new epicenter resolutions were acquired following rigorous depth and RMS error criteria. 309 events were reprocessed and epicenter depths obtained were between 31 and 240 km during the last 23 years. Temporal variations of High Atlas events appear to be continually dipping while Anti Atlas events show no temporal variation trends. In addition, a recent strong event M6.8 occurred in September 2023 at the transition crust-uppermost mantle followed by several aftershocks which have been relocated at uppermost mantle depths. These events support delamination model under the High-Middle Atlas which could flow southward beneath the Anti Atlas lithosphere, and explain the large variation observed in lithosphere thickness between the High-Middle Atlas, and the Anti Atlas. Subcrustal events beneath the Atlas may be related to upper mantle earthquakes beneath the neighboring Canary Islands which have experienced recent swarms and eruptions. This possible correlation cannot be excluded since descending and ascending material is necessary for a regional geodynamic balance.
基金the interdisciplinary project“BigWa-Civil protection and security research in social and technological change”,funded by the NRW Ministry of Innovation,Science and Research and the MIWF-Funding Program FH-STRUKTUR 2016/08[Grant Number 322-8.03.04.02].
文摘Nowadays,an increasing number of crises worldwide,triggered by climate extremes,natural and human-made hazards,the coronavirus pandemic,and more,pose a high pressure on crisis,emergency,and disaster management.Spatial data and Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI)are key issues in the successful and immediate response to crises.This paper aims to explore the use of VGI in crisis management,including emergency and disaster management,based on a scoping review of existing literature in English for five years(2016-2020).Specifically,the research intends to answer Scoping Review Questions(SRQ)regarding the use of VGI in crisis,emergency,and disaster management,and the verified cases’spatial distribution,the VGI sources utilized(e.g.OpenStreetMap-OSM,Crowdsourcing,Twitter),the types of hazards(e.g.natural and human-made hazards,pandemic),the specific tasks in crisis,emergency or disaster management and VGI use in the management of actual crisis events,e.g.COVID-19 pandemic,Hurricane Katrina,etc.Eligible papers on VGI use in crisis,emergency,and disaster management are geolocated based on first-author affiliation,and as a result,a spatial bibliography is provided.Thus,the term Spatial Scoping Review is introduced.Scoping Review Questions are answered,and the results are analyzed and discussed.Finally,implementing the“VGICED Atlas”,a web atlas,permits the publication of the research results to a broad audience and the visualization of the analysis with several interactive maps.
文摘由杨培增教授独自完成的大型英文葡萄膜炎专著《Atlas of Uveitis:Diagnosis and Treatment》已于2020年12月由Springer出版社和人民卫生出版社联合出版。此书是目前国际上单人完成的最大葡萄膜炎专著,共860页、3000余张患者图片,约合中文170万字。此书分为Overview、Diagnosis of Uveitis、Treatment of Uveitis.Uveitisentities,Scleritis and Episcleritis四大部分,详细介绍了葡萄膜炎类疾病的疾病谱,常见类型的临床特征、进展和致盲规律,疾病诊疗的思想、原则、策略,并使用大量精美图片展现了常见葡萄膜炎类型的表现谱,即从发病到疾病后期,从最细微的异常到最严重的改变,从罕见的表现到典型的特征,展示出葡萄膜炎的全貌和细节,既可使临床医师快速掌握疾病要点,又不至于遗漏细微之处。这也是中国眼科医师首次向国际介绍葡萄膜炎诊疗的中国标准、方案和经验。
