Climate change significantly affects the arid/humid processes and patterns in China,directly impacting management decisions related to adaptive agriculture and water resources management,desertification control,and sp...Climate change significantly affects the arid/humid processes and patterns in China,directly impacting management decisions related to adaptive agriculture and water resources management,desertification control,and spatial ecological restoration.However,current studies primarily focus on changes in arid/humid climate variables,lacking quantitative characterization of the dynamic evolution of areal systems and their nonlinear responses.Based on the data of national meteorological stations from 1961 to 2020,we systematically quantified the nonlinear response of arid/humid patterns to climate change.The results revealed that 6.98%of eco-geographical arid/humid regions underwent type shifts over the past six decades,with 4.95%transitioning toward wetter conditions.Humid and semi-arid regions expanded significantly while sub-humid and arid regions contracted significantly.In the late 1990s,trends of the humid and sub-humid region shifted.Humid region contraction in northern China was driven primarily by precipitation decline,whereas the Tibetan Plateau responded to increasing potential evapotranspiration.During the same period,the retreat rate of the arid region slowed,linked to intensified aridification in the west part of northern China and a decelerating wetting trend in northwest China,both primarily driven by precipitation trends.Our study reveals the nonlinear response of the arid/humid patterns under climate change,providing a scientific basis for the improvement of regional climate resilience.展开更多
Drought influences carbon fixation by plants.Therefore,elucidating its impact on carbon fluxes in plants at the ecosystem level is crucial for assessing their role in mitigating climate change.Using carbon fluxes and ...Drought influences carbon fixation by plants.Therefore,elucidating its impact on carbon fluxes in plants at the ecosystem level is crucial for assessing their role in mitigating climate change.Using carbon fluxes and environmental factor data from FLUXNET sites,we analyzed the influence of drought on carbon fluxes,their drivers,time-lag effects,and recovery times across various climatic regions and seasons.Results showed drought significantly decreased gross primary production(GPP),ecosystem respiration,and net ecosystem productivity in arid regions but slightly increased carbon sequestration in humid regions.Summer droughts negatively affected vegetation carbon fluxes,partly offset by the positive impact of spring droughts.Nonforest carbon fluxes were more susceptible to drought effects than forest fluxes.Soil water content(SWC)was the main influence on changes in arid regions,whereas vapor pressure deficit(VPD)dominated humid regions.Decreased SWC and increased VPD reduced carbon sequestration in arid regions but increased it in humid regions.Increased VPD reduced GPP,leading to forest carbon loss,whereas decreased SWC reduced GPP,leading to nonforest carbon loss.The lag time of the drought effects on carbon fluxes was longer in humid regions(19.44 d)than in arid regions(14.71 d).Compared to nonforest areas(16.74 d and 57 d for drought lag and recovery time,respectively),forest areas had a longer lag(18.81 d)and recovery time(92 d).The findings revealed discrepancies in the main factors regulating vegetation carbon fluxes during droughts between arid and humid regions and between forest and nonforest ecosystems.These insights provide a new perspective on understanding and simulating carbon-climate feedback.Enhancing ecosystem diversity is a feasible measure to increase drought resistance.展开更多
To address soil salinization’s significant impact on human production and livelihood in arid regions,especially in high-salinity areas like salt lake regions,this study used multi-source remote sensing data to extrac...To address soil salinization’s significant impact on human production and livelihood in arid regions,especially in high-salinity areas like salt lake regions,this study used multi-source remote sensing data to extract 52 surface factors.Combined with measured soil salinity data,correlation analysis,multicollinearity testing,and projection importance analysis identified eight dominant factors.Subsequently,four machine learning algorithms were applied for modeling,and the optimal models were selected to study the spatiotemporal variation of soil salinization.The results indicate that the average soil salt content in the study area was 20.74%in 2020.LST(land surface temperature)can effectively identify areas with high salinity,such as saline-alkali land and salt flats.Among inversion models,the GBDT(gradient boosting decision trees)model demonstrated the highest predictive ability and minimal errors.The optimal inversion results revealed that soil salinization distribution was influenced by topographic elevation,distance from Qarhan Salt Lake,and river network density.Over the past 21 years,there was significant fluctuation in soil salinity observed in the concentrated area of grassland within the groundwater overflow zone,indicating strong variation in salinization.This fluctuation correlates with changes in groundwater levels in the groundwater overflow zone,which are influenced by temperature variations that determine the amount of snow and ice meltwater,and the precipitation in the upstream area.This study enhances understanding of soil salinization and its drivers in extremely arid salt lake regions.展开更多
Great Lakes Regions(GLRs)in China often confront landscape fragmentation,wetland degradation,and ecological resilience(ER)losses owing to extensive and intensive urbanization.In GLRs,however,the ER responses to urbani...Great Lakes Regions(GLRs)in China often confront landscape fragmentation,wetland degradation,and ecological resilience(ER)losses owing to extensive and intensive urbanization.In GLRs,however,the ER responses to urbanization remain unclear.This study explored the spatiotemporal evolution of ER and urbanization in five GLRs in China to analyze the ER dynamic patterns along center−lakeside−periphery gradient.The Spatial Durbin Model(SDM)and Panel Threshold Model(PTM)were combined to reveal the spillover and threshold effects of urbanization in five GLRs.The results indicate that the ER in five GLRs declined with a rate of 21%from 2000 to 2020.There was a clear“center-periphery”contraction trend with low ER areas primarily spreading to human activity-concentrated regions such as lakesides,riversides,and road networks.Driven by economic and land urbanization,the average urbanization level increased from 0.06 to 0.13,where lakesides,riversides,and road networks were key areas undergoing expansion.The urbanization showed a noticeable negative spatial spillover effect on ER.Away from central lakes,the negative impacts on ER exhibited a two-phase decrease with the threshold of 81 km.This study contributes to the understanding of human-environment interactions by examining the ecological resilience response process of GLRs under the impact of urbanization.Based on a multidimensional“center−lakeside−periphery”analytical model,this study provides a strategic framework for ecological construction in GLRs in China,promoting sustainable development and adaptive capacity in vulnerable areas.展开更多
The uneven distribution of the temperature field in the track structure,caused by various meteorological factors such as extremely low temperatures and snowfall,leads to significant temperature loads and is the primar...The uneven distribution of the temperature field in the track structure,caused by various meteorological factors such as extremely low temperatures and snowfall,leads to significant temperature loads and is the primary cause of damage to China Railway Track System(CRTS)III ballastless tracks in cold regions during service.In this study,to predict the temperature of the track structure accurately,we analyzed meteorological data collected from Shenyang,China,and identified the factors that had the most effect on the track temperature field.We propose a temporal convolutional network(TCN)-based temperature field prediction model for ballastless tracks(TCN-Track model),which enhances the ability to extract and fuse local and global features from complex long-term meteorological data.The results indicate that the proposed TCN-Track model performs well in predicting track temperature fields from meteorological data,with a mean absolute error(MAE)ranging from 0.26 to 0.39,a root mean square error(RMSE)ranging from 0.32 to 0.50,and correlation coefficient(R)values ranging from 0.888 to 0.985.Compared with a long short-term memory(LSTM)model,the MAE of the TCN-Track model is reduced by 89.17%and the RMSE by 88.51%.This method offers a new solution for accurately predicting the temperature field of ballastless tracks in cold regions,aiding in predicting and preventing track damage caused by low temperatures.展开更多
Rising global change intensifies water scarcity in China’s vital Yellow River Basin grain region,which mounts the need for precise spatial water management.In this study,we investigated the irrigation water demand fo...Rising global change intensifies water scarcity in China’s vital Yellow River Basin grain region,which mounts the need for precise spatial water management.In this study,we investigated the irrigation water demand for seven major crops in cities at the prefecture level between 2000 and 2019.Using Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index(LMDI)decomposition and k-means clustering,we quantified how yield,area,water use efficiency,and cropping patterns affect water demand and identified five irrigation development clusters.Key water-saving areas were identified by tracking transitions among clusters,and NSGA-II was applied to optimize crop structure.The results revealed that the total irrigation demand in the Yellow River Basin averaged 50.09 billion m3/year,with wheat accounting for 54.7%.The increase in yield and area increased demand by 15.2 and 5.5 billion m3,respectively,which was partly offset by changes in water use efficiency and cropping pattern(−7.0 and−1.8 billion m^(3),respectively).Regions in the upper reaches,particularly within the Lanzhou-Toudaoguai section,were identified as critical for water conservation.Optimization of the cropping structure in key regions can reduce annual irrigation water demand by 280 million m3,which accounts for 4.9%of the total demand in these areas,with minimal impact on crop production.This study provides a spatially explicit basis for targeted water conservation strategies in water-scarce agricultural regions.展开更多
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal(SDG) 2 aims to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030.However,global hunger and food insecurity have continued to rise at an alarming rate(UN 2023).Subtropical regions are home to ...The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal(SDG) 2 aims to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030.However,global hunger and food insecurity have continued to rise at an alarming rate(UN 2023).Subtropical regions are home to more than 30% of the world's population,predominantly in developing countries where per capita farmland and food supply are only 40% of those in developed nations(FAO 2018).Meeting the Zero Hunger target amid ongoing population growth in these regions requires a substantial increase in agricultural production while minimizing soil degradation and adverse ecological impacts.This challenge is shared by many countries across South Asia,Africa,and Central and South America.展开更多
When the 2025 Intertextile Apparel Fabrics Exhibition(Autumn/Winter)was held in Shanghai,more than 3,700 top exhibitors from 26 countries and regions around the world participated.From September 2nd to 4th,the 2025&qu...When the 2025 Intertextile Apparel Fabrics Exhibition(Autumn/Winter)was held in Shanghai,more than 3,700 top exhibitors from 26 countries and regions around the world participated.From September 2nd to 4th,the 2025"Keqiao Selected"exhibition shone brightly at the event,showcasing the high-end quality of its products and the innovative strength of its regional brands.展开更多
Background:Vestibular migraine(VM)is a common disorder characterized by recurrent dizziness or vertigo,often aggravated by cold exposure.This study aimed to identify differentially expressed circular RNAs(circRNAs)in ...Background:Vestibular migraine(VM)is a common disorder characterized by recurrent dizziness or vertigo,often aggravated by cold exposure.This study aimed to identify differentially expressed circular RNAs(circRNAs)in cold-region VM and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods:Peripheral blood samples from long-term residents of Heilongjiang Province profiled by circRNA microarray,and differentially expressed circRNAs were validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).A competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)network and enriched pathways were inferred by bioinformatics.A VM-like mouse model was established using nitroglycerin(NTG)and kainic acid(KA)and confirmed by behavioral testing and western blot.The hsa_circ_0003201/miR-31-5p/triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)axis and related pathways were examined in clinical samples and in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis(TNC)and vestibular nuclei(VN)of mice using qRT-PCR,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and western blot.CircRNA microarray profiling also compared expression patterns between VM and migraine patients.Results:Hsa_circ_0003201 was significantly upregulated in cold-region VM patients.Bioinformatic analyses revealed that hsa_circ_0003201 may regulate the miR-31-5p/TREM2 axis and be associated with phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling,pyruvate metabolism,and transient receptor potential(TRP)pathways.Clinical validation confirmed increased hsa_circ_0003201 and TREM2 and decreased miR-31-5p.VM-like mice exhibited central sensitization and vestibular dysfunction,with increased TREM2,decreased miR-31-5p,and PI3K/AKT activation in the TNC and VN.Comparative circRNA analysis between VM and migraine patients indicated distinct expression patterns.Conclusion:Hsa_circ_0003201 shows potential as a diagnostic biomarker for cold-region VM,and the hsa_circ_0003201/miR-31-5p/TREM2 axis may contribute to pathogenesis through PI3K/AKT signaling,pyruvate metabolism,and TRP-related pathways.展开更多
Elucidation of ligand-protein interactions provides new insights into the physiological functions and mechanisms of ligand molecules,enabling new ideas for the treatment of diseases,and drug discovery and development....Elucidation of ligand-protein interactions provides new insights into the physiological functions and mechanisms of ligand molecules,enabling new ideas for the treatment of diseases,and drug discovery and development.Most ligand-protein binding occurs only in specific regions of proteins.The identification of protein targets and binding regions is crucial for drug discovery and development,as well as for the in-depth study of drug-protein conformational relationships[1].展开更多
Before nationwide implementation of waste classification programs in rural areas,identifying suitable pilot regions is crucial.This study develops a comprehensive framework for assessing and selecting these pilot regi...Before nationwide implementation of waste classification programs in rural areas,identifying suitable pilot regions is crucial.This study develops a comprehensive framework for assessing and selecting these pilot regions.Data were collected through 654 valid questionnaires and interviews with respondents from rural areas in six provinces across China.Primary assessment criteria included disposal methods for kitchen waste,recyclables,hazardous waste,and residual waste,as well as farmers’willingness to separate hazardous waste when offered compensation and the impact of centralized waste treatment in villages.Secondary criteria focused on disposal methods for agrochemical packages and other hazardous waste.Using the weighted sum of squares method,the study evaluated the suitability of six regions as pilot areas for waste classification.The results identified villages in Jiangsu province and Hebei province as the most suitable pilot regions.Based on the findings,the study provides recommendations to address weaknesses in these regions to enhance the effectiveness of future trials and offers tailored suggestions for other regions to improve their waste classification initiatives.展开更多
Background Sperm cryopreservation is widely used in the cattle industry,as it allows for disassociating the localiza-tion of sires and the collection of semen from the timing of artificial insemination.While freeze-th...Background Sperm cryopreservation is widely used in the cattle industry,as it allows for disassociating the localiza-tion of sires and the collection of semen from the timing of artificial insemination.While freeze-thawing is known to impair sperm DNA integrity,whether the damage induced consists of single-(SSB)or double-strand breaks(DSB)has not been determined.In addition,no previous study has addressed if DNA breaks preferentially reside in specific genome regions such as those forming the toroid linker regions,or are rather spread throughout the regions linked to protamines.The main aim of the present work,therefore,was to elucidate the type and localization of the DNA damage generated by cryopreservation and to evaluate its impact on artificial insemination outcomes in cattle.Results The incidence of SSB and DSB was evaluated in 12 ejaculates before and after cryopreservation with the Comet assay,and the localization of the DNA breaks was assessed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE).Before cryopreservation,the incidence of SSB was 10.99%±4.62%and involved 20.56%±3.04%of sperm cells,whereas these figures significantly(P<0.0001)increased up to 34.11%±3.48%and 53.36%±11.00%in frozen-thawed sperm.In contrast,no significant differences in the incidence of DSB were observed(P>0.990)before and after cryopreservation(before:incidence of 13.91%±1.75%of sperm DNA affecting 56.04%±12.49%of sperm cells;after:incidence of 13.55%±1.55%of sperm DNA involving 53.36%±11.00%of sperm cells).Moreover,PFGE revealed that the percentage of sperm DNA fragments whose length was shorter than a toroid(<31.5 kb)was greater(P<0.0001)after(27.00%±4.26%)than before freeze-thawing(15.57%±4.53%).These differences indicated that the DNA breaks induced by cryopreservation affect the regions condensed in protamines,which are structured in toroids.On the other hand,in vivo fertility rates were associated to the incidence of SSB and DSB in frozen-thawed sperm(P=0.032 and P=0.005),but not with the size of the DNA fragments resulting from these breaks(P>0.05).Conclusion Cryopreservation of bovine sperm generates single-strand DNA breaks,which are mainly located in protamine-condensed toroidal regions.The incidence of DNA breaks in cryopreserved sperm has an impact on cat-tle fertility,regardless of the size of generated fragments.展开更多
Global acoustic simulations are significant in revealing the internal and physical structure of the Earth.However,due to the limited flexibility of grids and the difficulties in handling boundaries,the traditional fin...Global acoustic simulations are significant in revealing the internal and physical structure of the Earth.However,due to the limited flexibility of grids and the difficulties in handling boundaries,the traditional finite-difference method(FDM)is usually less used in global simulations.Nevertheless,these issues can be well resolved by employing a multi-block structured grid to discretize circular regions.In this paper,we propose an O-H grid approach to partition the circular region and utilize the curvilinear grid finite-difference method(CGFDM)to solve the acoustic wave equation within this circular domain.By appropriately stretching the grid,the interconnections between each grid block are sufficiently smooth for stable information exchange.To verify the efficacy of this method,we conducted three numerical experiments,by comparing results with alternative approaches.Our test results demonstrate good agreement between our findings and the reference solutions.Since the proposed algorithm can effectively solve wave propagation problems in circular regions,it can contribute to 2D global simulation,particularly in interpreting the Earth’s interior.展开更多
In many existing dictionaries,cropland is defined as land that is suitable for or used to grow crops.It has several synonyms,such as“farmland”,“arable land”,and“cultivated land”.However,in scientific literature,...In many existing dictionaries,cropland is defined as land that is suitable for or used to grow crops.It has several synonyms,such as“farmland”,“arable land”,and“cultivated land”.However,in scientific literature,the nuances of these terms are often overlooked.The inconsistent terminology usage could lead to ambiguity and confusion in research and policy discussions.In particular,it creates difficulties for newcomers and students when they search for precise information in the published literature.Hence,exploring the variations of terminology applications is important for the cropland-related research community.In this study,the differences in six cropland-related terminologies were explored through a review of 5,214 scientific articles,by employing the independence test,clustering approach,and correlation analysis.The results showed that disparities exist across disciplines.For example,biodiversity&conservation studies preferentially use“farmland”to highlight effects from human activities,while studies in geology and computer science use“cropland”.The term“cultivated land”tends to be used in geography research for clear geographical demarcation,while“arable land”is related to engineering studies.Moreover,further disparities based on the geographical affiliations of the authors were found.The correlation between China and“cultivated land”was reliable and a close link was found between“agricultural land”and the USA.The regional variations in cropland terminology can be influenced by multiple factors,including the degree of agricultural mechanization,colonial history,and migration patterns.This study reveals variations in cropland-related terminology across disciplines and regions.The results highlight the importance of standardizing cropland terminology to foster interdisciplinary research,improve data comparability,and support global agricultural and environmental policymaking.展开更多
Surface albedo,as one of the important properties of the underlying surface,has a significant impact on the surface energy balance in cold regions.However,due to the complexity of the factors affecting surface albedo,...Surface albedo,as one of the important properties of the underlying surface,has a significant impact on the surface energy balance in cold regions.However,due to the complexity of the factors affecting surface albedo,existing calculations still contain inaccuracies.Therefore,this study conducted surface albedo experiments on loess with different water contents and temperatures.By analyzing the surface albedo measurements of samples with varying temperature and water content levels,as well as the soil freezing characteristic curve(SFCC)and soil-water characteristic curve(SWCC)of loess,the study explores the influence of soil temperature and water content on the surface albedo of loess.The results indicate that both the temperature and water content of loess jointly affect surface albedo.During the process of albedo change,there exists a water content threshold that alters the trend of surface albedo.Soil temperature influences surface albedo by affecting the content of pore ice and liquid water within the soil.When the water content of loess is relatively low,the surface albedo decreases as the unfrozen water content decreases.However,this trend changes as the water content of loess increases.Additionally,a decrease in soil temperature lowers the moisture content threshold during the changes in surface albedo.This study provides a reference for exploring and determining the surface energy balance in cold regions under the background of warm and humid climates,as well as for establishing thermal calculation boundaries.展开更多
BACKGROUND Metabolomics sequencing technology was used to investigate the changes of intestinal flora and metabolites in gastric cancer patients in plateau areas.AIM To investigate changes in gut microbiota and their ...BACKGROUND Metabolomics sequencing technology was used to investigate the changes of intestinal flora and metabolites in gastric cancer patients in plateau areas.AIM To investigate changes in gut microbiota and their metabolites in patients with gastric cancer from plateau regions using untargeted metabolomic sequencing.METHODS Fresh morning fecal samples were collected from 30 gastric cancer patients diagnosed at a tertiary hospital in Qinghai Province and 30 healthy individuals(controls).Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry based untargeted metabolomic sequencing was used to analyze metabolite changes and predict metabolic function.RESULTS Metabolomic analysis identified 281 metabolites in samples from both groups.These metabolites were categorized into eight major classes,listed in descending order of abundance:Lipids and lipid-like molecules(35.443%);organic acids and derivatives(29.114%);organic oxygen compounds(15.19%);nucleosides,nucleotides,and analogs(13.924%);organoheterocyclic compounds(2.532%),amino acids and peptides(1.266%);benzenoids(1.266%);and fatty acids(1.266%).Compared with the control group,the top 10 metabolites elevated in the gastric cancer group included:Dethiobiotin,glycylproline,glycine,hydroxyisocaproic acid,tyramine,methionine sulfoxide,5-aminopentanoic acid,citrulline,betonicine,and formiminoglutamic acid and the top 10 decreased were:Cytidine,5'-methylthioadenosine,trehalose,melibiose,lotaustralin,adenosine,inosine,ribothymidine,raffinose,and galactinol.Functional prediction analysis revealed that these differential metabolites were primarily enriched in 12 metabolic pathways,including purine metabolism,cysteine and methionine metabolism,galactose metabolism,lysine degradation,glycine,serine,and threonine metabolism,biotin metabolism,pyrimidine metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,histidine metabolism,primary bile acid biosynthesis,starch and sucrose metabolism,and tyrosine metabolism.CONCLUSION Significant differences in intestinal microbial metabolites and associated metabolic pathways were observed between gastric cancer patients and healthy controls residing in plateau regions.展开更多
Branch length and branch diameter are important characteristics that determine wood quality and yield.Development of static branch length and diameter models by incorporating individual tree variables,site quality and...Branch length and branch diameter are important characteristics that determine wood quality and yield.Development of static branch length and diameter models by incorporating individual tree variables,site quality and competition have been widely studied,while the climate effect has rarely been reported.In this study,mixed-effects climate-sensitive branch length and diameter models were developed based on 228 sample trees of Larix kaempferi from three latitude regions in China(approximate 42°N in Liaoning Province,33°N in Gansu Province,and 30°N in Hubei Province).Results revealed that diameter at breast height,and crown ratio,sum of the basal areas of trees larger than the subject trees,dominant tree height,mean warmest month temperature,and summer precipitation substantially improved branch length model.Diameter at breast height,and crown ratio,ratio of the sum of DBH in sample plot to the subject tree,dominant tree height,mean warmest month temperature,and spring precipitation significantly improved branch diameter model.Compared with base model,mean square error reduction of mixed-effects branch length and diameter models were 32.9%and 44.1%,respectively.The relative contributions of covariates to branch length model were tree size(59.1%),site quality(25.7%),competition(13.5%),and climate(1.7%),and branch diameter model were tree size(57.0%),competition(21.9%),site quality(18.3%),and climate(2.8%).Relative contributions of covariates on branch length and diameter models from different latitude regions were different.Effects of competition on branch length model in Liaoning and Hubei were larger than climate,whereas climate in Gansu was larger than competition.As for branch diameter model,competition in Liaoning was larger than site quality,whereas site quality in Hubei and Gansu was larger than competition.The present study strengthened the importance of considering climate variables in developing branch length and diameter model.It is desirable to disentangle the different sources of variations in affecting branch length and diameter from different latitude regions to reduce the uncertainty in predicting branch characteristics under the condition of climate changing.展开更多
Economic development,food security,and ecological preservation are important issues encountered by karst re-gions.Faced with complex natural and social dynamics,we attempted to explore how interdependence within socio...Economic development,food security,and ecological preservation are important issues encountered by karst re-gions.Faced with complex natural and social dynamics,we attempted to explore how interdependence within socio-ecological system(SES)shaped sustainability in this region.A SES framework was constructed and three scenarios were predesigned:economic priority scenario,food security scenario,and ecological protection sce-nario.The System Dynamics model was used to simulate and forecast the evolution across various scenarios within the SES from 2005 to 2035.Through the Production-Possibility Frontiers in combined scenarios,trade-offpotential was identified and quantified.The results showed that the decoupling between social and ecological subsystems can be weaken in economic priority scenario,while coupling between them can be strengthen in food security scenario and ecological protection scenario.Within the SES,combined scenario analyses further suggest that the rocky desertification rate and the urban-rural income ratio exhibit the least trade-offpotential and inten-sity in combined economic priority scenario and ecological protection scenario,and the Soil Conservation and Food Supply demonstrate the least trade-offpotential and intensity in combined economic priority scenario and food security scenario.We can conclude the ecological engineering plays a significant role in alleviating trade-offs within the SES,but the effectiveness is limited.In light of intertwined socio-ecological challenges,combining ecological engineering with adaptive adjustments is a crucial strategy to enhance SES resilience and promote sustainable development in the South China Karst.展开更多
Objective:Effective Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD)management is particularly important in cold regions of China,where climate and lifestyle factors play significant roles.However,there is a lack of relevant studies in th...Objective:Effective Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD)management is particularly important in cold regions of China,where climate and lifestyle factors play significant roles.However,there is a lack of relevant studies in this area.Therefore,the purpose of this study was:(1)to assess the status of self-management capacity in individuals with CKD in cold regions of China and analyze the factors influencing it;(2)to identify strategies to improve CKD management in primary care settings in these regions;and(3)to understand patients'attitudes toward eHealth services.Methods:This was a regional,cross-sectional observational study.A questionnaire measuring CKD patients'self-management abilities was derived from the Perceived Kidney Disease Self-Management Scale,the Kidney Disease Behavioral Inventory(KDBI),and the Health Literacy Questionnaire.Data were collected from hospitalized CKD patients in Heilongjiang Province and analyzed using One-Way Analysis of Variance(ANOVA),Hierarchical Regression Analysis,and K-prototype cluster analysis.Results:A total of 957 participants were tested.Of these,70.64%had less than a bachelor's degree,and 56.27%had been diagnosed with hypertensive or diabetic nephropathy.The KDBI scale showed a lower overall score compared to the PKDSMS.Factors such as CKD stage 4(F=2.367,P=0.042),last year's medical expenses(F=3.974,P=0.004),and poor self-rated health(F=33.352,P<0.01)were found to influence scores on both scales.The health literacy questionnaire revealed significant differences(P<0.01)in health knowledge,except by sex.Additionally,healthcare expenditures and poor self-rated health were negatively associated with self-management capacity.Conclusion:This study provides valuable insights into the self-management challenges faced by CKD patients in cold regions of China.Despite some difficulties in improving self-management,patients showed positive attitudes toward enhancing CKD management services in primary care and developing digital management tools.These findings offer useful references and recommendations for future clinical practice and research in this field.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42377460。
文摘Climate change significantly affects the arid/humid processes and patterns in China,directly impacting management decisions related to adaptive agriculture and water resources management,desertification control,and spatial ecological restoration.However,current studies primarily focus on changes in arid/humid climate variables,lacking quantitative characterization of the dynamic evolution of areal systems and their nonlinear responses.Based on the data of national meteorological stations from 1961 to 2020,we systematically quantified the nonlinear response of arid/humid patterns to climate change.The results revealed that 6.98%of eco-geographical arid/humid regions underwent type shifts over the past six decades,with 4.95%transitioning toward wetter conditions.Humid and semi-arid regions expanded significantly while sub-humid and arid regions contracted significantly.In the late 1990s,trends of the humid and sub-humid region shifted.Humid region contraction in northern China was driven primarily by precipitation decline,whereas the Tibetan Plateau responded to increasing potential evapotranspiration.During the same period,the retreat rate of the arid region slowed,linked to intensified aridification in the west part of northern China and a decelerating wetting trend in northwest China,both primarily driven by precipitation trends.Our study reveals the nonlinear response of the arid/humid patterns under climate change,providing a scientific basis for the improvement of regional climate resilience.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.32371866)。
文摘Drought influences carbon fixation by plants.Therefore,elucidating its impact on carbon fluxes in plants at the ecosystem level is crucial for assessing their role in mitigating climate change.Using carbon fluxes and environmental factor data from FLUXNET sites,we analyzed the influence of drought on carbon fluxes,their drivers,time-lag effects,and recovery times across various climatic regions and seasons.Results showed drought significantly decreased gross primary production(GPP),ecosystem respiration,and net ecosystem productivity in arid regions but slightly increased carbon sequestration in humid regions.Summer droughts negatively affected vegetation carbon fluxes,partly offset by the positive impact of spring droughts.Nonforest carbon fluxes were more susceptible to drought effects than forest fluxes.Soil water content(SWC)was the main influence on changes in arid regions,whereas vapor pressure deficit(VPD)dominated humid regions.Decreased SWC and increased VPD reduced carbon sequestration in arid regions but increased it in humid regions.Increased VPD reduced GPP,leading to forest carbon loss,whereas decreased SWC reduced GPP,leading to nonforest carbon loss.The lag time of the drought effects on carbon fluxes was longer in humid regions(19.44 d)than in arid regions(14.71 d).Compared to nonforest areas(16.74 d and 57 d for drought lag and recovery time,respectively),forest areas had a longer lag(18.81 d)and recovery time(92 d).The findings revealed discrepancies in the main factors regulating vegetation carbon fluxes during droughts between arid and humid regions and between forest and nonforest ecosystems.These insights provide a new perspective on understanding and simulating carbon-climate feedback.Enhancing ecosystem diversity is a feasible measure to increase drought resistance.
基金The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program,No.2019QZKK0805-02The Innovation Team Foundation of Qinghai Office of Science and Technology,No.2022-ZJ-903+2 种基金The Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Salt Lake Resources,No.2023ZXKYA05100The Special Research Assistant of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Han Jinjun)The Kunlun Talented People of Qinghai Province,High-end Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talents,2023(Han Jinjun)。
文摘To address soil salinization’s significant impact on human production and livelihood in arid regions,especially in high-salinity areas like salt lake regions,this study used multi-source remote sensing data to extract 52 surface factors.Combined with measured soil salinity data,correlation analysis,multicollinearity testing,and projection importance analysis identified eight dominant factors.Subsequently,four machine learning algorithms were applied for modeling,and the optimal models were selected to study the spatiotemporal variation of soil salinization.The results indicate that the average soil salt content in the study area was 20.74%in 2020.LST(land surface temperature)can effectively identify areas with high salinity,such as saline-alkali land and salt flats.Among inversion models,the GBDT(gradient boosting decision trees)model demonstrated the highest predictive ability and minimal errors.The optimal inversion results revealed that soil salinization distribution was influenced by topographic elevation,distance from Qarhan Salt Lake,and river network density.Over the past 21 years,there was significant fluctuation in soil salinity observed in the concentrated area of grassland within the groundwater overflow zone,indicating strong variation in salinization.This fluctuation correlates with changes in groundwater levels in the groundwater overflow zone,which are influenced by temperature variations that determine the amount of snow and ice meltwater,and the precipitation in the upstream area.This study enhances understanding of soil salinization and its drivers in extremely arid salt lake regions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42301226,42271209 and 42471199)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2024CDJXY014)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(Grant No.20242BAB25170)Special Funds for Water Resources in Jiangxi Province(Science and Technology Projects)(Grant No.202425YBKT16)the Young Talent Cultivation and Innovation Fund Project of Nanchang University(Grant No.XX202506030028).
文摘Great Lakes Regions(GLRs)in China often confront landscape fragmentation,wetland degradation,and ecological resilience(ER)losses owing to extensive and intensive urbanization.In GLRs,however,the ER responses to urbanization remain unclear.This study explored the spatiotemporal evolution of ER and urbanization in five GLRs in China to analyze the ER dynamic patterns along center−lakeside−periphery gradient.The Spatial Durbin Model(SDM)and Panel Threshold Model(PTM)were combined to reveal the spillover and threshold effects of urbanization in five GLRs.The results indicate that the ER in five GLRs declined with a rate of 21%from 2000 to 2020.There was a clear“center-periphery”contraction trend with low ER areas primarily spreading to human activity-concentrated regions such as lakesides,riversides,and road networks.Driven by economic and land urbanization,the average urbanization level increased from 0.06 to 0.13,where lakesides,riversides,and road networks were key areas undergoing expansion.The urbanization showed a noticeable negative spatial spillover effect on ER.Away from central lakes,the negative impacts on ER exhibited a two-phase decrease with the threshold of 81 km.This study contributes to the understanding of human-environment interactions by examining the ecological resilience response process of GLRs under the impact of urbanization.Based on a multidimensional“center−lakeside−periphery”analytical model,this study provides a strategic framework for ecological construction in GLRs in China,promoting sustainable development and adaptive capacity in vulnerable areas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52278461,52308467,and 52425213).
文摘The uneven distribution of the temperature field in the track structure,caused by various meteorological factors such as extremely low temperatures and snowfall,leads to significant temperature loads and is the primary cause of damage to China Railway Track System(CRTS)III ballastless tracks in cold regions during service.In this study,to predict the temperature of the track structure accurately,we analyzed meteorological data collected from Shenyang,China,and identified the factors that had the most effect on the track temperature field.We propose a temporal convolutional network(TCN)-based temperature field prediction model for ballastless tracks(TCN-Track model),which enhances the ability to extract and fuse local and global features from complex long-term meteorological data.The results indicate that the proposed TCN-Track model performs well in predicting track temperature fields from meteorological data,with a mean absolute error(MAE)ranging from 0.26 to 0.39,a root mean square error(RMSE)ranging from 0.32 to 0.50,and correlation coefficient(R)values ranging from 0.888 to 0.985.Compared with a long short-term memory(LSTM)model,the MAE of the TCN-Track model is reduced by 89.17%and the RMSE by 88.51%.This method offers a new solution for accurately predicting the temperature field of ballastless tracks in cold regions,aiding in predicting and preventing track damage caused by low temperatures.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42041007。
文摘Rising global change intensifies water scarcity in China’s vital Yellow River Basin grain region,which mounts the need for precise spatial water management.In this study,we investigated the irrigation water demand for seven major crops in cities at the prefecture level between 2000 and 2019.Using Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index(LMDI)decomposition and k-means clustering,we quantified how yield,area,water use efficiency,and cropping patterns affect water demand and identified five irrigation development clusters.Key water-saving areas were identified by tracking transitions among clusters,and NSGA-II was applied to optimize crop structure.The results revealed that the total irrigation demand in the Yellow River Basin averaged 50.09 billion m3/year,with wheat accounting for 54.7%.The increase in yield and area increased demand by 15.2 and 5.5 billion m3,respectively,which was partly offset by changes in water use efficiency and cropping pattern(−7.0 and−1.8 billion m^(3),respectively).Regions in the upper reaches,particularly within the Lanzhou-Toudaoguai section,were identified as critical for water conservation.Optimization of the cropping structure in key regions can reduce annual irrigation water demand by 280 million m3,which accounts for 4.9%of the total demand in these areas,with minimal impact on crop production.This study provides a spatially explicit basis for targeted water conservation strategies in water-scarce agricultural regions.
文摘The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal(SDG) 2 aims to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030.However,global hunger and food insecurity have continued to rise at an alarming rate(UN 2023).Subtropical regions are home to more than 30% of the world's population,predominantly in developing countries where per capita farmland and food supply are only 40% of those in developed nations(FAO 2018).Meeting the Zero Hunger target amid ongoing population growth in these regions requires a substantial increase in agricultural production while minimizing soil degradation and adverse ecological impacts.This challenge is shared by many countries across South Asia,Africa,and Central and South America.
文摘When the 2025 Intertextile Apparel Fabrics Exhibition(Autumn/Winter)was held in Shanghai,more than 3,700 top exhibitors from 26 countries and regions around the world participated.From September 2nd to 4th,the 2025"Keqiao Selected"exhibition shone brightly at the event,showcasing the high-end quality of its products and the innovative strength of its regional brands.
基金supported by General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82071549,82371483)Key Research&Development Program of Heilongjiang(No.2023ZX06C02)Youth Foundation of the first Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University(No.2024YQ22).
文摘Background:Vestibular migraine(VM)is a common disorder characterized by recurrent dizziness or vertigo,often aggravated by cold exposure.This study aimed to identify differentially expressed circular RNAs(circRNAs)in cold-region VM and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods:Peripheral blood samples from long-term residents of Heilongjiang Province profiled by circRNA microarray,and differentially expressed circRNAs were validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).A competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)network and enriched pathways were inferred by bioinformatics.A VM-like mouse model was established using nitroglycerin(NTG)and kainic acid(KA)and confirmed by behavioral testing and western blot.The hsa_circ_0003201/miR-31-5p/triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)axis and related pathways were examined in clinical samples and in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis(TNC)and vestibular nuclei(VN)of mice using qRT-PCR,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and western blot.CircRNA microarray profiling also compared expression patterns between VM and migraine patients.Results:Hsa_circ_0003201 was significantly upregulated in cold-region VM patients.Bioinformatic analyses revealed that hsa_circ_0003201 may regulate the miR-31-5p/TREM2 axis and be associated with phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling,pyruvate metabolism,and transient receptor potential(TRP)pathways.Clinical validation confirmed increased hsa_circ_0003201 and TREM2 and decreased miR-31-5p.VM-like mice exhibited central sensitization and vestibular dysfunction,with increased TREM2,decreased miR-31-5p,and PI3K/AKT activation in the TNC and VN.Comparative circRNA analysis between VM and migraine patients indicated distinct expression patterns.Conclusion:Hsa_circ_0003201 shows potential as a diagnostic biomarker for cold-region VM,and the hsa_circ_0003201/miR-31-5p/TREM2 axis may contribute to pathogenesis through PI3K/AKT signaling,pyruvate metabolism,and TRP-related pathways.
文摘Elucidation of ligand-protein interactions provides new insights into the physiological functions and mechanisms of ligand molecules,enabling new ideas for the treatment of diseases,and drug discovery and development.Most ligand-protein binding occurs only in specific regions of proteins.The identification of protein targets and binding regions is crucial for drug discovery and development,as well as for the in-depth study of drug-protein conformational relationships[1].
基金supported by the Yunnan Provincial Education Department Scientific Research Fund Project(Grant No.2022J0525).
文摘Before nationwide implementation of waste classification programs in rural areas,identifying suitable pilot regions is crucial.This study develops a comprehensive framework for assessing and selecting these pilot regions.Data were collected through 654 valid questionnaires and interviews with respondents from rural areas in six provinces across China.Primary assessment criteria included disposal methods for kitchen waste,recyclables,hazardous waste,and residual waste,as well as farmers’willingness to separate hazardous waste when offered compensation and the impact of centralized waste treatment in villages.Secondary criteria focused on disposal methods for agrochemical packages and other hazardous waste.Using the weighted sum of squares method,the study evaluated the suitability of six regions as pilot areas for waste classification.The results identified villages in Jiangsu province and Hebei province as the most suitable pilot regions.Based on the findings,the study provides recommendations to address weaknesses in these regions to enhance the effectiveness of future trials and offers tailored suggestions for other regions to improve their waste classification initiatives.
基金Ministry of Science,Innovation and Universities,Spain(NextGeneration EU fundsMaría Zambrano Program 124/MTAI/22+2 种基金and PID2020-113320RB-I00)Agency for Management of University and Research Grants,Regional Government of Catalonia,Spain(2021-SGR-00900)Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies(ICREA).
文摘Background Sperm cryopreservation is widely used in the cattle industry,as it allows for disassociating the localiza-tion of sires and the collection of semen from the timing of artificial insemination.While freeze-thawing is known to impair sperm DNA integrity,whether the damage induced consists of single-(SSB)or double-strand breaks(DSB)has not been determined.In addition,no previous study has addressed if DNA breaks preferentially reside in specific genome regions such as those forming the toroid linker regions,or are rather spread throughout the regions linked to protamines.The main aim of the present work,therefore,was to elucidate the type and localization of the DNA damage generated by cryopreservation and to evaluate its impact on artificial insemination outcomes in cattle.Results The incidence of SSB and DSB was evaluated in 12 ejaculates before and after cryopreservation with the Comet assay,and the localization of the DNA breaks was assessed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE).Before cryopreservation,the incidence of SSB was 10.99%±4.62%and involved 20.56%±3.04%of sperm cells,whereas these figures significantly(P<0.0001)increased up to 34.11%±3.48%and 53.36%±11.00%in frozen-thawed sperm.In contrast,no significant differences in the incidence of DSB were observed(P>0.990)before and after cryopreservation(before:incidence of 13.91%±1.75%of sperm DNA affecting 56.04%±12.49%of sperm cells;after:incidence of 13.55%±1.55%of sperm DNA involving 53.36%±11.00%of sperm cells).Moreover,PFGE revealed that the percentage of sperm DNA fragments whose length was shorter than a toroid(<31.5 kb)was greater(P<0.0001)after(27.00%±4.26%)than before freeze-thawing(15.57%±4.53%).These differences indicated that the DNA breaks induced by cryopreservation affect the regions condensed in protamines,which are structured in toroids.On the other hand,in vivo fertility rates were associated to the incidence of SSB and DSB in frozen-thawed sperm(P=0.032 and P=0.005),but not with the size of the DNA fragments resulting from these breaks(P>0.05).Conclusion Cryopreservation of bovine sperm generates single-strand DNA breaks,which are mainly located in protamine-condensed toroidal regions.The incidence of DNA breaks in cryopreserved sperm has an impact on cat-tle fertility,regardless of the size of generated fragments.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFF0800602)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geophysical High-resolution Imaging Technology(No.2022B1212010002)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.KQTD20170810111725321).
文摘Global acoustic simulations are significant in revealing the internal and physical structure of the Earth.However,due to the limited flexibility of grids and the difficulties in handling boundaries,the traditional finite-difference method(FDM)is usually less used in global simulations.Nevertheless,these issues can be well resolved by employing a multi-block structured grid to discretize circular regions.In this paper,we propose an O-H grid approach to partition the circular region and utilize the curvilinear grid finite-difference method(CGFDM)to solve the acoustic wave equation within this circular domain.By appropriately stretching the grid,the interconnections between each grid block are sufficiently smooth for stable information exchange.To verify the efficacy of this method,we conducted three numerical experiments,by comparing results with alternative approaches.Our test results demonstrate good agreement between our findings and the reference solutions.Since the proposed algorithm can effectively solve wave propagation problems in circular regions,it can contribute to 2D global simulation,particularly in interpreting the Earth’s interior.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2300501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41921001 and 42401440)。
文摘In many existing dictionaries,cropland is defined as land that is suitable for or used to grow crops.It has several synonyms,such as“farmland”,“arable land”,and“cultivated land”.However,in scientific literature,the nuances of these terms are often overlooked.The inconsistent terminology usage could lead to ambiguity and confusion in research and policy discussions.In particular,it creates difficulties for newcomers and students when they search for precise information in the published literature.Hence,exploring the variations of terminology applications is important for the cropland-related research community.In this study,the differences in six cropland-related terminologies were explored through a review of 5,214 scientific articles,by employing the independence test,clustering approach,and correlation analysis.The results showed that disparities exist across disciplines.For example,biodiversity&conservation studies preferentially use“farmland”to highlight effects from human activities,while studies in geology and computer science use“cropland”.The term“cultivated land”tends to be used in geography research for clear geographical demarcation,while“arable land”is related to engineering studies.Moreover,further disparities based on the geographical affiliations of the authors were found.The correlation between China and“cultivated land”was reliable and a close link was found between“agricultural land”and the USA.The regional variations in cropland terminology can be influenced by multiple factors,including the degree of agricultural mechanization,colonial history,and migration patterns.This study reveals variations in cropland-related terminology across disciplines and regions.The results highlight the importance of standardizing cropland terminology to foster interdisciplinary research,improve data comparability,and support global agricultural and environmental policymaking.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42261028)the Chinese Academy of Sciences“Light of West China”Program for Western Young Scholars(23JR6KA027)+3 种基金the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Gansu Province(24JRRA167)the Key Research and Development Program on Ecological Civilization Construction of Gansu Province(25YFFA012)Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Plan Fund Project(24CXGA063)Scientific Research Projects on Ecological and Environmental Protection in Heilongjiang Province in 2023(Grant No.:HST2023ZR005)。
文摘Surface albedo,as one of the important properties of the underlying surface,has a significant impact on the surface energy balance in cold regions.However,due to the complexity of the factors affecting surface albedo,existing calculations still contain inaccuracies.Therefore,this study conducted surface albedo experiments on loess with different water contents and temperatures.By analyzing the surface albedo measurements of samples with varying temperature and water content levels,as well as the soil freezing characteristic curve(SFCC)and soil-water characteristic curve(SWCC)of loess,the study explores the influence of soil temperature and water content on the surface albedo of loess.The results indicate that both the temperature and water content of loess jointly affect surface albedo.During the process of albedo change,there exists a water content threshold that alters the trend of surface albedo.Soil temperature influences surface albedo by affecting the content of pore ice and liquid water within the soil.When the water content of loess is relatively low,the surface albedo decreases as the unfrozen water content decreases.However,this trend changes as the water content of loess increases.Additionally,a decrease in soil temperature lowers the moisture content threshold during the changes in surface albedo.This study provides a reference for exploring and determining the surface energy balance in cold regions under the background of warm and humid climates,as well as for establishing thermal calculation boundaries.
基金Supported by Gansu Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project,No.23JRRA725Postgraduate Research Innovation Project of Northwest Minzu University in 2025,No.31920250001-382024 Qinghai Province's"Kunlun Talent High-end Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talent Project"Cultivates Top Talents Project,No.QHKLYC-GDCXCY-2024-155.
文摘BACKGROUND Metabolomics sequencing technology was used to investigate the changes of intestinal flora and metabolites in gastric cancer patients in plateau areas.AIM To investigate changes in gut microbiota and their metabolites in patients with gastric cancer from plateau regions using untargeted metabolomic sequencing.METHODS Fresh morning fecal samples were collected from 30 gastric cancer patients diagnosed at a tertiary hospital in Qinghai Province and 30 healthy individuals(controls).Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry based untargeted metabolomic sequencing was used to analyze metabolite changes and predict metabolic function.RESULTS Metabolomic analysis identified 281 metabolites in samples from both groups.These metabolites were categorized into eight major classes,listed in descending order of abundance:Lipids and lipid-like molecules(35.443%);organic acids and derivatives(29.114%);organic oxygen compounds(15.19%);nucleosides,nucleotides,and analogs(13.924%);organoheterocyclic compounds(2.532%),amino acids and peptides(1.266%);benzenoids(1.266%);and fatty acids(1.266%).Compared with the control group,the top 10 metabolites elevated in the gastric cancer group included:Dethiobiotin,glycylproline,glycine,hydroxyisocaproic acid,tyramine,methionine sulfoxide,5-aminopentanoic acid,citrulline,betonicine,and formiminoglutamic acid and the top 10 decreased were:Cytidine,5'-methylthioadenosine,trehalose,melibiose,lotaustralin,adenosine,inosine,ribothymidine,raffinose,and galactinol.Functional prediction analysis revealed that these differential metabolites were primarily enriched in 12 metabolic pathways,including purine metabolism,cysteine and methionine metabolism,galactose metabolism,lysine degradation,glycine,serine,and threonine metabolism,biotin metabolism,pyrimidine metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,histidine metabolism,primary bile acid biosynthesis,starch and sucrose metabolism,and tyrosine metabolism.CONCLUSION Significant differences in intestinal microbial metabolites and associated metabolic pathways were observed between gastric cancer patients and healthy controls residing in plateau regions.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2200801)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32471864)+1 种基金the Science&Technology Project for Excellent Young Scholars of Liaoning Province(2024JH3/10200036)Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC2403180).
文摘Branch length and branch diameter are important characteristics that determine wood quality and yield.Development of static branch length and diameter models by incorporating individual tree variables,site quality and competition have been widely studied,while the climate effect has rarely been reported.In this study,mixed-effects climate-sensitive branch length and diameter models were developed based on 228 sample trees of Larix kaempferi from three latitude regions in China(approximate 42°N in Liaoning Province,33°N in Gansu Province,and 30°N in Hubei Province).Results revealed that diameter at breast height,and crown ratio,sum of the basal areas of trees larger than the subject trees,dominant tree height,mean warmest month temperature,and summer precipitation substantially improved branch length model.Diameter at breast height,and crown ratio,ratio of the sum of DBH in sample plot to the subject tree,dominant tree height,mean warmest month temperature,and spring precipitation significantly improved branch diameter model.Compared with base model,mean square error reduction of mixed-effects branch length and diameter models were 32.9%and 44.1%,respectively.The relative contributions of covariates to branch length model were tree size(59.1%),site quality(25.7%),competition(13.5%),and climate(1.7%),and branch diameter model were tree size(57.0%),competition(21.9%),site quality(18.3%),and climate(2.8%).Relative contributions of covariates on branch length and diameter models from different latitude regions were different.Effects of competition on branch length model in Liaoning and Hubei were larger than climate,whereas climate in Gansu was larger than competition.As for branch diameter model,competition in Liaoning was larger than site quality,whereas site quality in Hubei and Gansu was larger than competition.The present study strengthened the importance of considering climate variables in developing branch length and diameter model.It is desirable to disentangle the different sources of variations in affecting branch length and diameter from different latitude regions to reduce the uncertainty in predicting branch characteristics under the condition of climate changing.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Develop-ment Program of China(Grant No.2022YFF1300701)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2022JDJQ0015).
文摘Economic development,food security,and ecological preservation are important issues encountered by karst re-gions.Faced with complex natural and social dynamics,we attempted to explore how interdependence within socio-ecological system(SES)shaped sustainability in this region.A SES framework was constructed and three scenarios were predesigned:economic priority scenario,food security scenario,and ecological protection sce-nario.The System Dynamics model was used to simulate and forecast the evolution across various scenarios within the SES from 2005 to 2035.Through the Production-Possibility Frontiers in combined scenarios,trade-offpotential was identified and quantified.The results showed that the decoupling between social and ecological subsystems can be weaken in economic priority scenario,while coupling between them can be strengthen in food security scenario and ecological protection scenario.Within the SES,combined scenario analyses further suggest that the rocky desertification rate and the urban-rural income ratio exhibit the least trade-offpotential and inten-sity in combined economic priority scenario and ecological protection scenario,and the Soil Conservation and Food Supply demonstrate the least trade-offpotential and intensity in combined economic priority scenario and food security scenario.We can conclude the ecological engineering plays a significant role in alleviating trade-offs within the SES,but the effectiveness is limited.In light of intertwined socio-ecological challenges,combining ecological engineering with adaptive adjustments is a crucial strategy to enhance SES resilience and promote sustainable development in the South China Karst.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(7247042122)the Key Research and Development Project of Heilongjiang Province,China(2024ZX12C06).
文摘Objective:Effective Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD)management is particularly important in cold regions of China,where climate and lifestyle factors play significant roles.However,there is a lack of relevant studies in this area.Therefore,the purpose of this study was:(1)to assess the status of self-management capacity in individuals with CKD in cold regions of China and analyze the factors influencing it;(2)to identify strategies to improve CKD management in primary care settings in these regions;and(3)to understand patients'attitudes toward eHealth services.Methods:This was a regional,cross-sectional observational study.A questionnaire measuring CKD patients'self-management abilities was derived from the Perceived Kidney Disease Self-Management Scale,the Kidney Disease Behavioral Inventory(KDBI),and the Health Literacy Questionnaire.Data were collected from hospitalized CKD patients in Heilongjiang Province and analyzed using One-Way Analysis of Variance(ANOVA),Hierarchical Regression Analysis,and K-prototype cluster analysis.Results:A total of 957 participants were tested.Of these,70.64%had less than a bachelor's degree,and 56.27%had been diagnosed with hypertensive or diabetic nephropathy.The KDBI scale showed a lower overall score compared to the PKDSMS.Factors such as CKD stage 4(F=2.367,P=0.042),last year's medical expenses(F=3.974,P=0.004),and poor self-rated health(F=33.352,P<0.01)were found to influence scores on both scales.The health literacy questionnaire revealed significant differences(P<0.01)in health knowledge,except by sex.Additionally,healthcare expenditures and poor self-rated health were negatively associated with self-management capacity.Conclusion:This study provides valuable insights into the self-management challenges faced by CKD patients in cold regions of China.Despite some difficulties in improving self-management,patients showed positive attitudes toward enhancing CKD management services in primary care and developing digital management tools.These findings offer useful references and recommendations for future clinical practice and research in this field.
