The ability to noninvasively manipulate and isolate specific cell populations in vivo is critical for advancing real-time diagnostics,precision medicine,and immunological research.Here,we present a novel and broadly a...The ability to noninvasively manipulate and isolate specific cell populations in vivo is critical for advancing real-time diagnostics,precision medicine,and immunological research.Here,we present a novel and broadly applicable optical trapping system based on a custom-designed 2×3 optical tweezer array,which enables the real-time interception and manipulation of circulating leukocytes in live animals.By utilizing intrinsic velocity differences between leukocytes and red blood cells,the system achieves stable trapping of individual leukocytes in vessels 15-20μm in diameter and decelerates multiple cells in vessels greater than 20μm.Notably,it also enables the optical blockage of lymphatic vessels exceeding 50μm,a previously unreported capability.This label-free,noninvasive approach operates without repeated blood draws and is compatible with diverse vessel geometries and flow dynamics.The system offers a generalizable solution for in vivo cell extraction and analysis,paving the way for high-precision single-cell technologies in biomedical research and clinical translation.展开更多
Systematic understanding of the interaction between cells and their microenvironment is of wide interest.To investigate this interaction,a flexible micropillar array device integrating dual functions of cell behavior ...Systematic understanding of the interaction between cells and their microenvironment is of wide interest.To investigate this interaction,a flexible micropillar array device integrating dual functions of cell behavior regulation and adhesion measurement is developed.Micropillar arrays with high and low densities are designed to explore the role of substrate topography in the behavior of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.In addition,a method is established for quantifying weak cell adhesion forces on the basis of micropillar deflections.The results show that cell cytoplasmic adhesion is greater on a low-density micropillar array than that on a high-density array and is localized mainly in the perinuclear region of the cytoplasm rather than in pseudopods.It is also found that the micropillar array topography facilitates the oriented spreading of cell morphology and pseudopod formation,and a reduction in focal adhesion aggregation and F-actin polarization compared with a flat substrate.Notably,cells cultured on a low-density micropillar array exhibited a higher number of pseudopods,stronger adhesion forces,and greater stiffness compared with those on a high-density array.In summary,this work employs an adhesion force sensor,immunofluorescence staining,and atomic force microscopy to investigate the mechanical properties of cells and elucidate the mechanisms by which micropillar topographical cues regulate the adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells to the substrate.The micropillar array force sensor developed in this study provides an effective tool for simultaneously modulating cell behavior and quantifying adhesion forces,offering valuable insights for biomechanical research.展开更多
Optical field manipulation,an emerging frontier in photonics,demonstrates significant potential in biomedical microscopy,quantum state engineering,and micro-nano fabrication.To address the critical limitations of curr...Optical field manipulation,an emerging frontier in photonics,demonstrates significant potential in biomedical microscopy,quantum state engineering,and micro-nano fabrication.To address the critical limitations of current optical modulation technologies in achieving full-parameter precision control,we proposed a novel approach for dynamic azimuthal optical field modulation based on dual-spiral arrays.By designing spatially interleaved spiral structures with different initial radii while maintaining identical periodic parameters,we achieved continuous optical modulation spanning the full 0-2πrange in azimuthal field distribution.Through rigorous numerical simulations,we systematically established a quantitative correlation between the structural parameters and azimuthal optical field patterns,revealing,for the first time,a quasi-linear relationship between the radius difference and the resultant optical distribution.This theoretical framework advances our fundamental understanding of structured optical field manipulation as well as provides a new paradigm for programmable photonic device design,with distinct technical advantages in super-resolution imaging and optical tweezer systems.展开更多
Sparse array design has significant implications for improving the accuracy of direction of arrival(DOA)estimation of non-circular(NC)signals.We propose an extended nested array with a filled sensor(ENAFS)based on the...Sparse array design has significant implications for improving the accuracy of direction of arrival(DOA)estimation of non-circular(NC)signals.We propose an extended nested array with a filled sensor(ENAFS)based on the hole-filling strategy.Specifically,we first introduce the improved nested array(INA)and prove its properties.Subsequently,we extend the sum-difference coarray(SDCA)by adding an additional sensor to fill the holes.Thus the larger uniform degrees of freedom(uDOFs)and virtual array aperture(VAA)can be abtained,and the ENAFS is designed.Finally,the simulation results are given to verify the superiority of the proposed ENAFS in terms of DOF,mutual coupling and estimation performance.展开更多
In addition to its well-known fossils,the Upper Miocene Baogeda Ula Formation is coupled with multiple basaltic lava flows,creating an ideal setting for studying its depositional history,geochronology,and associated v...In addition to its well-known fossils,the Upper Miocene Baogeda Ula Formation is coupled with multiple basaltic lava flows,creating an ideal setting for studying its depositional history,geochronology,and associated vertebrate fossils.This paper,in honor of Prof.Qiu Zhanxiang for his widely admired emphasis on the geological contexts of vertebrate fossils,attempts to synthesize known contact relationships,existing K-Ar dates,and capping basalt elevations to reframe our concept of the lithostratigraphy,magnetostratigraphy,and lateral distribution of the Baogeda Ula Formation.Within this new framework,the Baogeda Ula Formation is defined by unconformable contact with the underlying Tunggur Formation at the lower boundary and a capping basalt at the upper boundary.In many sections,two or three layers of basalts are interbedded within sedimentary strata,with the capping basalts typically belonging to the top two basalts.The newly defined Baogeda Ula Formation includes a lower member as exemplified by Halajin Hushu section and Ulan Hushuyin Nur section,and an upper member at Baogeda Ula section.This expanded concept of the Baogeda Ula Formation includes two major faunas,i.e.,the Bahean Halajin Hushu Fauna and Baodean Baogeda Ula Fauna,both falling within the Upper Miocene.We also describe rare fossil skunks(Promephitis)found in recent years that support the age assessments presented herein.展开更多
Optical phased arrays(OPAs)are crucial in beam-steering applications,particularly as transmitters in light detection and ranging and free-space communication systems.In this paper,we demonstrate a on-chip OPA that emi...Optical phased arrays(OPAs)are crucial in beam-steering applications,particularly as transmitters in light detection and ranging and free-space communication systems.In this paper,we demonstrate a on-chip OPA that emits multiple orbital angular momentum(OAM)beams in different directions,each carrying unique topological charges.By superimposing a forked 1×3 Dammann grating on the grating array,six OAM beams with topological charges of ±3,±4,and±5 can be radiated from the OPA region.The OPA chip was fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator platform,and the simultaneous generation of multiple OAM beams was realized experimentally.The directions of these vortices can be steered by adjusting the wavelength of the input light and the bias voltages of the phase shifters,enabling a remarkable field of view(FOV)of 140 deg×40 deg within a 120-nm wavelength range.We pave the way for developing systems with ultrawide FOVs,improving the resolution of remote sensing and broadening the possibilities of free-space communications.展开更多
This paper presents an analysis of an equilateral triangular array formation initialization for space-based gravitational wave observatory(GWO)near Lagrange points in the circular-restricted three-body problem.A stabl...This paper presents an analysis of an equilateral triangular array formation initialization for space-based gravitational wave observatory(GWO)near Lagrange points in the circular-restricted three-body problem.A stable configuration is essential for the continuous observation of gravitational waves(GWs).However,the motion near the collinear libration points is highly unstable.This problem is examined by output regulation theory.Using the tracking aspect,the equilateral triangular array formation is established in two periods and the fuel consumption is calculated.Furthermore,the natural evolution of the formation without control input is analyzed,and the effective stability duration is quantified to determine the timing of control interventions.Finally,to observe the GWs in same direction with different frequency bands,scale reconfiguration is employed.展开更多
The estimation of the Number of Sources(NoS)is a significant challenge in signal processing,particularly due to the impact of colored noise on the performance of NoS estimation.This paper proposes a Multidimensional F...The estimation of the Number of Sources(NoS)is a significant challenge in signal processing,particularly due to the impact of colored noise on the performance of NoS estimation.This paper proposes a Multidimensional Feature Network(MFNet)which is designed for NoS estimation by extracting features of the sampled received signals and Sampled Covariance Matrix(SCM).The MFNet treats the raw signal and the SCM as two different types of data,and is able to achieve NoS estimation under colored noise and imperfect array.MFNet employs the Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)to capture sequential information from the original signal data and to construct the Pseudo Covariance Matrix(PCM).Subsequently,various dimensional features,including eigenvalues and the Gerschgorin disk radius,are extracted from both the PCM and SCM,which are then jointly input into the subsequent network.An overall accuracy of 82%can be achieved after network training.The ablation experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of multiple inputs.And simulation results demonstrate that the proposed MFNet achieves higher estimation accuracy compared to existing algorithms and exhibits greater robustness against colored noise.展开更多
High-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) arrays have emerged as essential genotyping tools,significantly accelerating breeding programs and advancing basic research.In this study,a high-throughput 10K SNP g...High-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) arrays have emerged as essential genotyping tools,significantly accelerating breeding programs and advancing basic research.In this study,a high-throughput 10K SNP genotyping array for wax gourd was developed using genotyping by target sequencing(GBTS),featuring 10,722 SNPs evenly distributed across all 12 chromosomes,including 278 functional loci associated with key economic traits.To demonstrate its utility,genetic distances among 19 elite inbred lines were calculated from SNP data and correlated with heterosis for single fruit weight.The results revealed that greater genetic distance was associated with higher middle parent heterosis(MPH) for single fruit weight.Furthermore,56 commercial wax gourd cultivars collected from eight regions were selected and genotyped.Population structure analysis,phylogenetic analysis,and principal component analysis(PCA) collectively indicated that these cultivars fall into two major groups.Group I,comprising black or dark green skinned wax gourds,exhibited lower genetic diversity than Group II,which includes green or light green skinned varieties,reflecting shorter genetic distances within Group I.Finally,60 polymorphic SNPs were used to construct DNA fingerprints for distinguishing the 56 cultivars.As the first high-throughput genotyping platform for wax gourd,this SNP array provides an effective and powerful tool for genetic analysis.展开更多
Developing effective,versatile,and high-precision sensing interfaces remains a crucial challenge in human-machine-environment interaction applications.Despite progress in interaction-oriented sensing skins,limitations...Developing effective,versatile,and high-precision sensing interfaces remains a crucial challenge in human-machine-environment interaction applications.Despite progress in interaction-oriented sensing skins,limitations remain in unit-level reconfiguration,multiaxial force and motion sensing,and robust operation across dynamically changing or irregular surfaces.Herein,we develop a reconfigurable omnidirectional triboelectric whisker sensor array(RO-TWSA)comprising multiple sensing units that integrate a triboelectric whisker structure(TWS)with an untethered hydro-sealing vacuum sucker(UHSVS),enabling reversibly portable deployment and omnidirectional perception across diverse surfaces.Using a simple dual-triangular electrode layout paired with MXene/silicone nanocomposite dielectric layer,the sensor unit achieves precise omnidirectional force and motion sensing with a detection threshold as low as 0.024 N and an angular resolution of 5°,while the UHSVS provides reliable and reversible multi-surface anchoring for the sensor units by involving a newly designed hydrogel combining high mechanical robustness and superior water absorption.Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of RO-TWSA across various interactive scenarios,including teleoperation,tactile diagnostics,and robotic autonomous exploration.Overall,RO-TWSA presents a versatile and high-resolution tactile interface,offering new avenues for intelligent perception and interaction in complex real-world environments.展开更多
Thinopyrum ponticum(2n=10×=70),a wild relative of common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.),is considered an invaluable genetic resource for wheat improvement due to its abundance of genes conferring resistance to bioti...Thinopyrum ponticum(2n=10×=70),a wild relative of common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.),is considered an invaluable genetic resource for wheat improvement due to its abundance of genes conferring resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses.This study focused on the CH97 line,derived from the BC1F7 progeny of a cross between wheat cv.7182 and Th.ponticum.Cytological evidence showed that CH97 has 42 chromosomes,forming 21 bivalents at meiotic metaphase I,with the bivalents subsequently separating and moving to opposite poles during meiotic anaphase I.Through a combination of fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH),genomic in situ hybridization(GISH),multicolor GISH(mc-GISH),and liquid array analysis,it was determined that CH97 comprises 40 wheat chromosomes and two alien chromosomes from the Ee genome of Th.ponticum,featuring the absence of a pair of 5D chromosomes and variations in 1B,6B,and 7B chromosomes.These findings confirm that CH97 is a stable wheat-Th.ponticum 5E(5D)alien disomic substitution line.Inoculation experiments revealed that CH97 exhibits high resistance to wheat powdery mildew and stripe rust throughout the growth period,in contrast to the highly susceptible common wheat parent 7182.Compared to 7182,CH97 displayed improvements in thousand-kernel weight and kernel length.Additionally,utilizing specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing(SLAF-seq)technology,chromosome 5E-specific molecular markers were developed and validated,achieving a 33.3% success rate,facilitating marker-assisted selection for disease resistance in wheat.Overall,the CH97 substitution line,with its resistance to diseases and improved agronomic traits,represents valuable new germplasm for wheat chromosome engineering and breeding.展开更多
Flexible pressure sensors are widely used in fields such as healthcare,owing to their simple preparation method,abundant raw materials,and high sensitivity.To solve the problems of low sensitivity and high noise impac...Flexible pressure sensors are widely used in fields such as healthcare,owing to their simple preparation method,abundant raw materials,and high sensitivity.To solve the problems of low sensitivity and high noise impact that arise with traditional capacitive pressure sensors,this paper proposes an electrical double layer microarray capacitive pressure sensor using silver nanowires(AgNW)and ionic liquids.AgNW/polyimide(PI)flexible electrodes and microarray-structured ionic liquids are utilized to obtain highly sensitive responses to changes in weak physiological signals.The microarray structure is a 20×20 quadrangular prism convex array.Experimental tests show that the sensor has high sensitivity(3.1202 kPa^(−1),0–800 kPa)and fast response/recovery times(100/100 ms).By flexibly attaching the sensor to the skin or a computer mouse,rapid and stable monitoring of micromovements such as facial muscles,vocalization,swallowing,finger joint activity,and mouse clicks can be achieved.The results obtained here are of value for the development of intelligent flexible electronics.展开更多
Addressing the critical detection range limitation in active electrosensing(AES)for underwater sensing,this study proposes an enhanced AES system via novel array optimization.While AES offers advantages like interfere...Addressing the critical detection range limitation in active electrosensing(AES)for underwater sensing,this study proposes an enhanced AES system via novel array optimization.While AES offers advantages like interference immunity,acoustic stealth detection,and low cost,its short range restricts applicability.A target perturbation model under differential signal acquisition reveals that signal strength increases with local electric field intensity,target size,differential channel spacing,and conductivity contrast,but decreases with target-electrode distance.To extend detection,novel array configurations were explored.Simulations demonstrate that both rectangular and offset arrays significantly outperform the traditional collinear layout.Specifically,an offset array(with 8 m transmitting–receiving spacing)achieved an effective detection range enhancement exceeding 83%under the same distortion threshold while maintaining simplified electrode structure.Experimental validation confirmed a 100%increase in maximum detection distance to 5 m under identical noise thresholds compared to the collinear array.Furthermore,a fully connected neural network-based localization model achieved a mean positioning error of 14.12 cm at 3.15 m in static scenarios.In dynamic scenarios within 1–3 m,mean errors were controlled between 13.19 cm and 27.56 cm.Mechanistic analysis indicates that increasing the array baseline enhances the signal-to-noise ratio by simultaneously suppressing near-field environmental noise and amplifying far-field signal reception.Structural innovations in array design enabled this study to significantly expand the detection range of AES systems without compromising cost efficiency.These advancements directly promote the engineering application of AES technology,offering critical technical support for underwater defense security monitoring,long-range early warning systems,and maritime rights protection.展开更多
Reconfigurable array architecture has become an important hardware platform for edge-side deployment of convolutional neural networks due to their high parallelism and flexible programmability.However,traditional mult...Reconfigurable array architecture has become an important hardware platform for edge-side deployment of convolutional neural networks due to their high parallelism and flexible programmability.However,traditional multi-branch convolutional networks suffer from computational redundancy,high memory access overhead,and inefficient branch fusion.Therefore,this paper proposes an adaptive multi-branch convolutional module(AMBC)that integrates software-hardware co-optimization.During training,the learnable fusion coefficients are introduced to enable adaptive fusion of multi-scale features,while in the inference phase,the multiple branches and their normalization parameters are merged with the fusion coefficients into a single 3×3 convolutional kernel through operator fusion.On the SIREA-288 reconfigurable platform,compared with unoptimized multi-branch networks,the proposed AMBC reduces external memory accesses by 47.91%and inference latency by 47.20%,achieving a 1.90×speedup.This approach maximizes the utilization of the reconfigurable logic while minimizing both reconfiguration and data-movement overheads in edge inference.展开更多
In this study,the design,analysis,manufacturing,and testing of a 3D-printed conformal microstrip array antenna for high-temperature environments is presented.3D printing technology is used to fabricate a curved cerami...In this study,the design,analysis,manufacturing,and testing of a 3D-printed conformal microstrip array antenna for high-temperature environments is presented.3D printing technology is used to fabricate a curved ceramic substrate,and laser sintering and microdroplet spraying processes are used to add the conductive metal on the curved substrate.The problems of gain loss,bandwidth reduction,and frequency shift caused by high temperatures are addressed by using a proper antenna design,with parasitic patches,slots,and metal resonant cavities.The antenna prototype is characterized by the curved substrates and the conductive metals for the power dividers,the patch,and the ground plane;its performance is examined up to a temperature of 600℃in a muffle furnace and compared with the results from the numerical analysis.The results show that the antenna can effectively function at 600℃and even higher temperatures.展开更多
The Haicheng region,Liaoning,China,likely hosts a conjugate fault system comprising the NW-trending Haichenghe fault and NE-trending secondary faults.On February 4,1975,at 19:36 CST,an earthquake of M_(S)7.3 and inten...The Haicheng region,Liaoning,China,likely hosts a conjugate fault system comprising the NW-trending Haichenghe fault and NE-trending secondary faults.On February 4,1975,at 19:36 CST,an earthquake of M_(S)7.3 and intensity(MMI)IX hit the city of Haicheng,Liaoning,China.Although deep seismic profiling was previously conducted along the Haichenghe fault,the limited horizontal resolution in the shallow part prevented the recognition of kilometer-scale anomalies.The velocity structure characteristics of the Haichenghe fault and its NE-trending conjugate faults remain unclear.Using the extended range phase shift method,the high-resolution S-wave velocity structures are obtained by deploying a long,dense linear array of 55 short-period seismometers across the fault and NE-trending conjugate faults.The array length was 32 km and inter-station spacing was approximately 600 m,facilitating the collection of approximately 22 days of continuous waveform data.Employing the Extended Range Phase Shift(ERPS)method enabled the extraction of broadband 0.2–5 s Rayleigh wave phase velocity dispersion curves.The broadband dispersion data were used for inversion of the high-resolution S-wave velocity structure to a depth of 8 km from the surface.The velocity structure characteristics and seismicity of the Haichenghe fault and NE-trending conjugate faults were analyzed and compared with nearby fault gas measurements.Results show(1)shallow S-wave velocities show a low-high-low horizontal distribution,corresponding to basin-uplift-basin topography;(2)significant velocity contrasts occur across the Haichenghe fault:its SW segment(0–17 km)exhibits high velocities consistent with Paleoproterozoic crystalline basement(Pt_(1)),while the NE segment(17–32 km)shows low velocities related to Yanshanian intrusions(γ_(5))and Quaternary sediments.NE-trending conjugate faults display sharp velocity gradients marking fracture locations,with all faults being near-vertical to~8 km depth;(3)seismicity at 1–6 km depth mainly clusters in high-velocity zones;at 6–8 km depth,it concentrates beneath the Haichenghe fault in low-velocity areas and along NE-trending faults;(4)the seismic activity characteristics and fault zone width of the Haicheng he fault reflected by velocity imaging results are basically consistent with those obtained by the fault gas measurement method.展开更多
We developed a novel cement evaluation logging tool,named the azimuthally acoustic bond tool（AABT）,which uses a phased-arc array transmitter with azimuthal detection capability.We combined numerical simulations and ...We developed a novel cement evaluation logging tool,named the azimuthally acoustic bond tool（AABT）,which uses a phased-arc array transmitter with azimuthal detection capability.We combined numerical simulations and field tests to verify the AABT tool.The numerical simulation results showed that the radiation direction of the subarray corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the first arrival matches the azimuth of the channeling when it is behind the casing.With larger channeling size in the circumferential direction,the amplitude difference of the casing wave at different azimuths becomes more evident.The test results showed that the AABT can accurately locate the casing collars and evaluate the cement bond quality with azimuthal resolution at the casing-cement interface,and can visualize the size,depth,and azimuth of channeling.In the case of good casingcement bonding,the AABT can further evaluate the cement bond quality at the cementformation interface with azimuthal resolution by using the amplitude map and the velocity of the formation wave.展开更多
The received signal of the polarization sensitive array is proved to have trilinear model characteristics. The blind parallel factor（PARAFAC） signal detection algorithm for the polarization sensitive array is propos...The received signal of the polarization sensitive array is proved to have trilinear model characteristics. The blind parallel factor（PARAFAC） signal detection algorithm for the polarization sensitive array is proposed. The trilinear alternating least square （TALS） algorithm is used to abtain the source matrix, and then the matrix is judged. Simulation results show that the bit error rate （BER） of the detection algorithm is close to that of the non-blind decorrelating method and the algorithm works well under the array error condition. BER difference between the non-blind method and this algorithm is less than 2 dB under a high SNR. The algorithm is blind and robust. The channel fading, the direction of arrive（DOA） imformation and the polarization information are needless in the algorithm.展开更多
A microelectrode array（MEA） is presented, which is composed of 60 independent electrodes with 59 working ones and one reference one, and they are divided into 30 pairs. Except for the reference electrode, each pair ...A microelectrode array（MEA） is presented, which is composed of 60 independent electrodes with 59 working ones and one reference one, and they are divided into 30 pairs. Except for the reference electrode, each pair consists of one stimulating electrode and one recording electrode. Supported by the peripheral circuits, four electrode states to study the bioelectrical signal of biological tissue or slice cultured in-vitro on the surface of the electrodes can be realized through each pair of electrodes. The four electrode states are stimulation, recording, stimulation and recording simultaneously, and isolation. The state of each pair of working electrodes can be arbitrarily controlled according to actual needs. The MEAs are fabricated in printed circuit board （PCB） technology. The total area of the PCB-based MEA is 49 mm × 49 mm. The impedance measurement of MEA is carried out in 0.9% sodium chloride solution at room temperature by means of 2-point measurements with an Agilent LCR meter, and the test signal for the impedance measurement is sinusoidal （AC voltage 50 mV, sweeping frequency 20 Hz to 10 kHz）. The electrode impedance is between 200 and 3 kΩ while the frequency is between 500 and 1 000 Hz. The electrode impedance magnitude is inversely proportional to the frequency. Experiments of toad sciatic nerve in-vitro stimulation and recording and signal regeneration between isolated toad sciatic nerves are carried out on the PCB-based MEA. The results show that the MEA can be used for bioelectrical signal stimulation, recording, stimulation and recording simultaneously, and isolation of biological tissues or slices in-vitro.展开更多
Air-gun arrays are used in marine-seismic exploration. Far-field wavelets in subsurface media represent the stacking of single air-gun ideal wavelets. We derived single air-gun ideal wavelets using near-field wavelets...Air-gun arrays are used in marine-seismic exploration. Far-field wavelets in subsurface media represent the stacking of single air-gun ideal wavelets. We derived single air-gun ideal wavelets using near-field wavelets recorded from near-field geophones and then synthesized them into far-field wavelets. This is critical for processing wavelets in marine- seismic exploration. For this purpose, several algorithms are currently used to decompose and synthesize wavelets in the time domain. If the traveltime of single air-gun wavelets is not an integral multiple of the sampling interval, the complex and error-prone resampling of the seismic signals using the time-domain method is necessary. Based on the relation between the frequency-domain phase and the time-domain time delay, we propose a method that first transforms the real near-field wavelet to the frequency domain via Fourier transforms; then, it decomposes it and composes the wavelet spectrum in the frequency domain, and then back transforms it to the time domain. Thus, the resampling problem is avoided and single air-gun wavelets and far-field wavelets can be reliably derived. The effect of ghost reflections is also considered, while decomposing the wavelet and removing the ghost reflections. Modeling and real data processing were used to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.展开更多
基金funding from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0502900)special fund for Research on the National Major Research Instruments of China(62027824)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20314)the Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province in China(2022a05020028)the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province.
文摘The ability to noninvasively manipulate and isolate specific cell populations in vivo is critical for advancing real-time diagnostics,precision medicine,and immunological research.Here,we present a novel and broadly applicable optical trapping system based on a custom-designed 2×3 optical tweezer array,which enables the real-time interception and manipulation of circulating leukocytes in live animals.By utilizing intrinsic velocity differences between leukocytes and red blood cells,the system achieves stable trapping of individual leukocytes in vessels 15-20μm in diameter and decelerates multiple cells in vessels greater than 20μm.Notably,it also enables the optical blockage of lymphatic vessels exceeding 50μm,a previously unreported capability.This label-free,noninvasive approach operates without repeated blood draws and is compatible with diverse vessel geometries and flow dynamics.The system offers a generalizable solution for in vivo cell extraction and analysis,paving the way for high-precision single-cell technologies in biomedical research and clinical translation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32371471).
文摘Systematic understanding of the interaction between cells and their microenvironment is of wide interest.To investigate this interaction,a flexible micropillar array device integrating dual functions of cell behavior regulation and adhesion measurement is developed.Micropillar arrays with high and low densities are designed to explore the role of substrate topography in the behavior of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.In addition,a method is established for quantifying weak cell adhesion forces on the basis of micropillar deflections.The results show that cell cytoplasmic adhesion is greater on a low-density micropillar array than that on a high-density array and is localized mainly in the perinuclear region of the cytoplasm rather than in pseudopods.It is also found that the micropillar array topography facilitates the oriented spreading of cell morphology and pseudopod formation,and a reduction in focal adhesion aggregation and F-actin polarization compared with a flat substrate.Notably,cells cultured on a low-density micropillar array exhibited a higher number of pseudopods,stronger adhesion forces,and greater stiffness compared with those on a high-density array.In summary,this work employs an adhesion force sensor,immunofluorescence staining,and atomic force microscopy to investigate the mechanical properties of cells and elucidate the mechanisms by which micropillar topographical cues regulate the adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells to the substrate.The micropillar array force sensor developed in this study provides an effective tool for simultaneously modulating cell behavior and quantifying adhesion forces,offering valuable insights for biomechanical research.
文摘Optical field manipulation,an emerging frontier in photonics,demonstrates significant potential in biomedical microscopy,quantum state engineering,and micro-nano fabrication.To address the critical limitations of current optical modulation technologies in achieving full-parameter precision control,we proposed a novel approach for dynamic azimuthal optical field modulation based on dual-spiral arrays.By designing spatially interleaved spiral structures with different initial radii while maintaining identical periodic parameters,we achieved continuous optical modulation spanning the full 0-2πrange in azimuthal field distribution.Through rigorous numerical simulations,we systematically established a quantitative correlation between the structural parameters and azimuthal optical field patterns,revealing,for the first time,a quasi-linear relationship between the radius difference and the resultant optical distribution.This theoretical framework advances our fundamental understanding of structured optical field manipulation as well as provides a new paradigm for programmable photonic device design,with distinct technical advantages in super-resolution imaging and optical tweezer systems.
基金supported by China National Science Foundations(Nos.62371225,62371227)。
文摘Sparse array design has significant implications for improving the accuracy of direction of arrival(DOA)estimation of non-circular(NC)signals.We propose an extended nested array with a filled sensor(ENAFS)based on the hole-filling strategy.Specifically,we first introduce the improved nested array(INA)and prove its properties.Subsequently,we extend the sum-difference coarray(SDCA)by adding an additional sensor to fill the holes.Thus the larger uniform degrees of freedom(uDOFs)and virtual array aperture(VAA)can be abtained,and the ENAFS is designed.Finally,the simulation results are given to verify the superiority of the proposed ENAFS in terms of DOF,mutual coupling and estimation performance.
文摘In addition to its well-known fossils,the Upper Miocene Baogeda Ula Formation is coupled with multiple basaltic lava flows,creating an ideal setting for studying its depositional history,geochronology,and associated vertebrate fossils.This paper,in honor of Prof.Qiu Zhanxiang for his widely admired emphasis on the geological contexts of vertebrate fossils,attempts to synthesize known contact relationships,existing K-Ar dates,and capping basalt elevations to reframe our concept of the lithostratigraphy,magnetostratigraphy,and lateral distribution of the Baogeda Ula Formation.Within this new framework,the Baogeda Ula Formation is defined by unconformable contact with the underlying Tunggur Formation at the lower boundary and a capping basalt at the upper boundary.In many sections,two or three layers of basalts are interbedded within sedimentary strata,with the capping basalts typically belonging to the top two basalts.The newly defined Baogeda Ula Formation includes a lower member as exemplified by Halajin Hushu section and Ulan Hushuyin Nur section,and an upper member at Baogeda Ula section.This expanded concept of the Baogeda Ula Formation includes two major faunas,i.e.,the Bahean Halajin Hushu Fauna and Baodean Baogeda Ula Fauna,both falling within the Upper Miocene.We also describe rare fossil skunks(Promephitis)found in recent years that support the age assessments presented herein.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62341508 and 62105203)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.BH0300071).
文摘Optical phased arrays(OPAs)are crucial in beam-steering applications,particularly as transmitters in light detection and ranging and free-space communication systems.In this paper,we demonstrate a on-chip OPA that emits multiple orbital angular momentum(OAM)beams in different directions,each carrying unique topological charges.By superimposing a forked 1×3 Dammann grating on the grating array,six OAM beams with topological charges of ±3,±4,and±5 can be radiated from the OPA region.The OPA chip was fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator platform,and the simultaneous generation of multiple OAM beams was realized experimentally.The directions of these vortices can be steered by adjusting the wavelength of the input light and the bias voltages of the phase shifters,enabling a remarkable field of view(FOV)of 140 deg×40 deg within a 120-nm wavelength range.We pave the way for developing systems with ultrawide FOVs,improving the resolution of remote sensing and broadening the possibilities of free-space communications.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council(CSC)(No.202206290131)。
文摘This paper presents an analysis of an equilateral triangular array formation initialization for space-based gravitational wave observatory(GWO)near Lagrange points in the circular-restricted three-body problem.A stable configuration is essential for the continuous observation of gravitational waves(GWs).However,the motion near the collinear libration points is highly unstable.This problem is examined by output regulation theory.Using the tracking aspect,the equilateral triangular array formation is established in two periods and the fuel consumption is calculated.Furthermore,the natural evolution of the formation without control input is analyzed,and the effective stability duration is quantified to determine the timing of control interventions.Finally,to observe the GWs in same direction with different frequency bands,scale reconfiguration is employed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62171469,62071029)。
文摘The estimation of the Number of Sources(NoS)is a significant challenge in signal processing,particularly due to the impact of colored noise on the performance of NoS estimation.This paper proposes a Multidimensional Feature Network(MFNet)which is designed for NoS estimation by extracting features of the sampled received signals and Sampled Covariance Matrix(SCM).The MFNet treats the raw signal and the SCM as two different types of data,and is able to achieve NoS estimation under colored noise and imperfect array.MFNet employs the Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)to capture sequential information from the original signal data and to construct the Pseudo Covariance Matrix(PCM).Subsequently,various dimensional features,including eigenvalues and the Gerschgorin disk radius,are extracted from both the PCM and SCM,which are then jointly input into the subsequent network.An overall accuracy of 82%can be achieved after network training.The ablation experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of multiple inputs.And simulation results demonstrate that the proposed MFNet achieves higher estimation accuracy compared to existing algorithms and exhibits greater robustness against colored noise.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Talent Support Project of Hunan Province,China (2022TJ-N15)the Hunan Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund,China (2024CX90 and 2024CX65)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,China (2021NK1006)。
文摘High-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) arrays have emerged as essential genotyping tools,significantly accelerating breeding programs and advancing basic research.In this study,a high-throughput 10K SNP genotyping array for wax gourd was developed using genotyping by target sequencing(GBTS),featuring 10,722 SNPs evenly distributed across all 12 chromosomes,including 278 functional loci associated with key economic traits.To demonstrate its utility,genetic distances among 19 elite inbred lines were calculated from SNP data and correlated with heterosis for single fruit weight.The results revealed that greater genetic distance was associated with higher middle parent heterosis(MPH) for single fruit weight.Furthermore,56 commercial wax gourd cultivars collected from eight regions were selected and genotyped.Population structure analysis,phylogenetic analysis,and principal component analysis(PCA) collectively indicated that these cultivars fall into two major groups.Group I,comprising black or dark green skinned wax gourds,exhibited lower genetic diversity than Group II,which includes green or light green skinned varieties,reflecting shorter genetic distances within Group I.Finally,60 polymorphic SNPs were used to construct DNA fingerprints for distinguishing the 56 cultivars.As the first high-throughput genotyping platform for wax gourd,this SNP array provides an effective and powerful tool for genetic analysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program)under Grant 52571385National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2024YFC2815000 and No.2024YFB3816000)+12 种基金Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Deep-sea Manned Vehicles(Grant No.2025SKLDMV07)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(WDZC20231128114452001,JCYJ20240813112107010 and JCYJ20240813111910014)the Tsinghua SIGS Scientific Research Startup Fund(QD2022021C)the Dreams Foundation of Jianghuai Advance Technology Center(2023-ZM 01 Z006)the Ocean Decade International Cooperation Center(ODCC)(GHZZ3702840002024020000026)Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Marine Ecology(ZDSYS20230626091459009)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.KJZD20240903100905008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22305141)Pearl River Talent Program(No.2023QN10C114)General Program of Guangdong Province(No.2025A1515011700)the Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(2023ZT10C040)Scientific Research Foundation from Shenzhen Finance Bureau(No.GJHZ20240218113600002)Tsinghua University(JC2023001).
文摘Developing effective,versatile,and high-precision sensing interfaces remains a crucial challenge in human-machine-environment interaction applications.Despite progress in interaction-oriented sensing skins,limitations remain in unit-level reconfiguration,multiaxial force and motion sensing,and robust operation across dynamically changing or irregular surfaces.Herein,we develop a reconfigurable omnidirectional triboelectric whisker sensor array(RO-TWSA)comprising multiple sensing units that integrate a triboelectric whisker structure(TWS)with an untethered hydro-sealing vacuum sucker(UHSVS),enabling reversibly portable deployment and omnidirectional perception across diverse surfaces.Using a simple dual-triangular electrode layout paired with MXene/silicone nanocomposite dielectric layer,the sensor unit achieves precise omnidirectional force and motion sensing with a detection threshold as low as 0.024 N and an angular resolution of 5°,while the UHSVS provides reliable and reversible multi-surface anchoring for the sensor units by involving a newly designed hydrogel combining high mechanical robustness and superior water absorption.Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of RO-TWSA across various interactive scenarios,including teleoperation,tactile diagnostics,and robotic autonomous exploration.Overall,RO-TWSA presents a versatile and high-resolution tactile interface,offering new avenues for intelligent perception and interaction in complex real-world environments.
基金funded by the Key R&D Program of Yangling Seed Industry Innovation,China(Ylzy-xm-02)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(2021QNRC001)。
文摘Thinopyrum ponticum(2n=10×=70),a wild relative of common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.),is considered an invaluable genetic resource for wheat improvement due to its abundance of genes conferring resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses.This study focused on the CH97 line,derived from the BC1F7 progeny of a cross between wheat cv.7182 and Th.ponticum.Cytological evidence showed that CH97 has 42 chromosomes,forming 21 bivalents at meiotic metaphase I,with the bivalents subsequently separating and moving to opposite poles during meiotic anaphase I.Through a combination of fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH),genomic in situ hybridization(GISH),multicolor GISH(mc-GISH),and liquid array analysis,it was determined that CH97 comprises 40 wheat chromosomes and two alien chromosomes from the Ee genome of Th.ponticum,featuring the absence of a pair of 5D chromosomes and variations in 1B,6B,and 7B chromosomes.These findings confirm that CH97 is a stable wheat-Th.ponticum 5E(5D)alien disomic substitution line.Inoculation experiments revealed that CH97 exhibits high resistance to wheat powdery mildew and stripe rust throughout the growth period,in contrast to the highly susceptible common wheat parent 7182.Compared to 7182,CH97 displayed improvements in thousand-kernel weight and kernel length.Additionally,utilizing specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing(SLAF-seq)technology,chromosome 5E-specific molecular markers were developed and validated,achieving a 33.3% success rate,facilitating marker-assisted selection for disease resistance in wheat.Overall,the CH97 substitution line,with its resistance to diseases and improved agronomic traits,represents valuable new germplasm for wheat chromosome engineering and breeding.
基金supported by the Natural Youth Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant Nos.202103021223005 and 202203021212015)the Science and Technology Innovation Plan for Colleges and Universities in Shanxi Province(Grant No.2022L575)the Taiyuan University Level Scientific Research Project(Grant No.24TYZD04).
文摘Flexible pressure sensors are widely used in fields such as healthcare,owing to their simple preparation method,abundant raw materials,and high sensitivity.To solve the problems of low sensitivity and high noise impact that arise with traditional capacitive pressure sensors,this paper proposes an electrical double layer microarray capacitive pressure sensor using silver nanowires(AgNW)and ionic liquids.AgNW/polyimide(PI)flexible electrodes and microarray-structured ionic liquids are utilized to obtain highly sensitive responses to changes in weak physiological signals.The microarray structure is a 20×20 quadrangular prism convex array.Experimental tests show that the sensor has high sensitivity(3.1202 kPa^(−1),0–800 kPa)and fast response/recovery times(100/100 ms).By flexibly attaching the sensor to the skin or a computer mouse,rapid and stable monitoring of micromovements such as facial muscles,vocalization,swallowing,finger joint activity,and mouse clicks can be achieved.The results obtained here are of value for the development of intelligent flexible electronics.
基金supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62273075).
文摘Addressing the critical detection range limitation in active electrosensing(AES)for underwater sensing,this study proposes an enhanced AES system via novel array optimization.While AES offers advantages like interference immunity,acoustic stealth detection,and low cost,its short range restricts applicability.A target perturbation model under differential signal acquisition reveals that signal strength increases with local electric field intensity,target size,differential channel spacing,and conductivity contrast,but decreases with target-electrode distance.To extend detection,novel array configurations were explored.Simulations demonstrate that both rectangular and offset arrays significantly outperform the traditional collinear layout.Specifically,an offset array(with 8 m transmitting–receiving spacing)achieved an effective detection range enhancement exceeding 83%under the same distortion threshold while maintaining simplified electrode structure.Experimental validation confirmed a 100%increase in maximum detection distance to 5 m under identical noise thresholds compared to the collinear array.Furthermore,a fully connected neural network-based localization model achieved a mean positioning error of 14.12 cm at 3.15 m in static scenarios.In dynamic scenarios within 1–3 m,mean errors were controlled between 13.19 cm and 27.56 cm.Mechanistic analysis indicates that increasing the array baseline enhances the signal-to-noise ratio by simultaneously suppressing near-field environmental noise and amplifying far-field signal reception.Structural innovations in array design enabled this study to significantly expand the detection range of AES systems without compromising cost efficiency.These advancements directly promote the engineering application of AES technology,offering critical technical support for underwater defense security monitoring,long-range early warning systems,and maritime rights protection.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2022ZD0119005)the Natural Science Project of Shaanxi Province(2025JC-YBMS-754,2024JC-YBMS-539)。
文摘Reconfigurable array architecture has become an important hardware platform for edge-side deployment of convolutional neural networks due to their high parallelism and flexible programmability.However,traditional multi-branch convolutional networks suffer from computational redundancy,high memory access overhead,and inefficient branch fusion.Therefore,this paper proposes an adaptive multi-branch convolutional module(AMBC)that integrates software-hardware co-optimization.During training,the learnable fusion coefficients are introduced to enable adaptive fusion of multi-scale features,while in the inference phase,the multiple branches and their normalization parameters are merged with the fusion coefficients into a single 3×3 convolutional kernel through operator fusion.On the SIREA-288 reconfigurable platform,compared with unoptimized multi-branch networks,the proposed AMBC reduces external memory accesses by 47.91%and inference latency by 47.20%,achieving a 1.90×speedup.This approach maximizes the utilization of the reconfigurable logic while minimizing both reconfiguration and data-movement overheads in edge inference.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2241205)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2022JC-33,2023-GHZD-35,and 2024JC-ZDXM-25)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe National 111 Project to provide fund for conducting experiments。
文摘In this study,the design,analysis,manufacturing,and testing of a 3D-printed conformal microstrip array antenna for high-temperature environments is presented.3D printing technology is used to fabricate a curved ceramic substrate,and laser sintering and microdroplet spraying processes are used to add the conductive metal on the curved substrate.The problems of gain loss,bandwidth reduction,and frequency shift caused by high temperatures are addressed by using a proper antenna design,with parasitic patches,slots,and metal resonant cavities.The antenna prototype is characterized by the curved substrates and the conductive metals for the power dividers,the patch,and the ground plane;its performance is examined up to a temperature of 600℃in a muffle furnace and compared with the results from the numerical analysis.The results show that the antenna can effectively function at 600℃and even higher temperatures.
基金supported by the Special Fund of the Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,(No.DQJB21B34).
文摘The Haicheng region,Liaoning,China,likely hosts a conjugate fault system comprising the NW-trending Haichenghe fault and NE-trending secondary faults.On February 4,1975,at 19:36 CST,an earthquake of M_(S)7.3 and intensity(MMI)IX hit the city of Haicheng,Liaoning,China.Although deep seismic profiling was previously conducted along the Haichenghe fault,the limited horizontal resolution in the shallow part prevented the recognition of kilometer-scale anomalies.The velocity structure characteristics of the Haichenghe fault and its NE-trending conjugate faults remain unclear.Using the extended range phase shift method,the high-resolution S-wave velocity structures are obtained by deploying a long,dense linear array of 55 short-period seismometers across the fault and NE-trending conjugate faults.The array length was 32 km and inter-station spacing was approximately 600 m,facilitating the collection of approximately 22 days of continuous waveform data.Employing the Extended Range Phase Shift(ERPS)method enabled the extraction of broadband 0.2–5 s Rayleigh wave phase velocity dispersion curves.The broadband dispersion data were used for inversion of the high-resolution S-wave velocity structure to a depth of 8 km from the surface.The velocity structure characteristics and seismicity of the Haichenghe fault and NE-trending conjugate faults were analyzed and compared with nearby fault gas measurements.Results show(1)shallow S-wave velocities show a low-high-low horizontal distribution,corresponding to basin-uplift-basin topography;(2)significant velocity contrasts occur across the Haichenghe fault:its SW segment(0–17 km)exhibits high velocities consistent with Paleoproterozoic crystalline basement(Pt_(1)),while the NE segment(17–32 km)shows low velocities related to Yanshanian intrusions(γ_(5))and Quaternary sediments.NE-trending conjugate faults display sharp velocity gradients marking fracture locations,with all faults being near-vertical to~8 km depth;(3)seismicity at 1–6 km depth mainly clusters in high-velocity zones;at 6–8 km depth,it concentrates beneath the Haichenghe fault in low-velocity areas and along NE-trending faults;(4)the seismic activity characteristics and fault zone width of the Haicheng he fault reflected by velocity imaging results are basically consistent with those obtained by the fault gas measurement method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11204380,11374371,61102102,and11134011)National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2011ZX05020-009)+1 种基金China National Petroleum Corporation(Nos.2014B-4011,2014D-4105,and 2014A-3912)PetroChina Innovation Foundation(No.2014D-5006-0307)
文摘We developed a novel cement evaluation logging tool,named the azimuthally acoustic bond tool（AABT）,which uses a phased-arc array transmitter with azimuthal detection capability.We combined numerical simulations and field tests to verify the AABT tool.The numerical simulation results showed that the radiation direction of the subarray corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the first arrival matches the azimuth of the channeling when it is behind the casing.With larger channeling size in the circumferential direction,the amplitude difference of the casing wave at different azimuths becomes more evident.The test results showed that the AABT can accurately locate the casing collars and evaluate the cement bond quality with azimuthal resolution at the casing-cement interface,and can visualize the size,depth,and azimuth of channeling.In the case of good casingcement bonding,the AABT can further evaluate the cement bond quality at the cementformation interface with azimuthal resolution by using the amplitude map and the velocity of the formation wave.
文摘The received signal of the polarization sensitive array is proved to have trilinear model characteristics. The blind parallel factor（PARAFAC） signal detection algorithm for the polarization sensitive array is proposed. The trilinear alternating least square （TALS） algorithm is used to abtain the source matrix, and then the matrix is judged. Simulation results show that the bit error rate （BER） of the detection algorithm is close to that of the non-blind decorrelating method and the algorithm works well under the array error condition. BER difference between the non-blind method and this algorithm is less than 2 dB under a high SNR. The algorithm is blind and robust. The channel fading, the direction of arrive（DOA） imformation and the polarization information are needless in the algorithm.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 61076118, 90307013, 90707005)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2008032)Special Foundation and Open Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics of Southeast University
文摘A microelectrode array（MEA） is presented, which is composed of 60 independent electrodes with 59 working ones and one reference one, and they are divided into 30 pairs. Except for the reference electrode, each pair consists of one stimulating electrode and one recording electrode. Supported by the peripheral circuits, four electrode states to study the bioelectrical signal of biological tissue or slice cultured in-vitro on the surface of the electrodes can be realized through each pair of electrodes. The four electrode states are stimulation, recording, stimulation and recording simultaneously, and isolation. The state of each pair of working electrodes can be arbitrarily controlled according to actual needs. The MEAs are fabricated in printed circuit board （PCB） technology. The total area of the PCB-based MEA is 49 mm × 49 mm. The impedance measurement of MEA is carried out in 0.9% sodium chloride solution at room temperature by means of 2-point measurements with an Agilent LCR meter, and the test signal for the impedance measurement is sinusoidal （AC voltage 50 mV, sweeping frequency 20 Hz to 10 kHz）. The electrode impedance is between 200 and 3 kΩ while the frequency is between 500 and 1 000 Hz. The electrode impedance magnitude is inversely proportional to the frequency. Experiments of toad sciatic nerve in-vitro stimulation and recording and signal regeneration between isolated toad sciatic nerves are carried out on the PCB-based MEA. The results show that the MEA can be used for bioelectrical signal stimulation, recording, stimulation and recording simultaneously, and isolation of biological tissues or slices in-vitro.
基金supported by the Geosciences and Technology Academy of China University of Petroleum(East China)
文摘Air-gun arrays are used in marine-seismic exploration. Far-field wavelets in subsurface media represent the stacking of single air-gun ideal wavelets. We derived single air-gun ideal wavelets using near-field wavelets recorded from near-field geophones and then synthesized them into far-field wavelets. This is critical for processing wavelets in marine- seismic exploration. For this purpose, several algorithms are currently used to decompose and synthesize wavelets in the time domain. If the traveltime of single air-gun wavelets is not an integral multiple of the sampling interval, the complex and error-prone resampling of the seismic signals using the time-domain method is necessary. Based on the relation between the frequency-domain phase and the time-domain time delay, we propose a method that first transforms the real near-field wavelet to the frequency domain via Fourier transforms; then, it decomposes it and composes the wavelet spectrum in the frequency domain, and then back transforms it to the time domain. Thus, the resampling problem is avoided and single air-gun wavelets and far-field wavelets can be reliably derived. The effect of ghost reflections is also considered, while decomposing the wavelet and removing the ghost reflections. Modeling and real data processing were used to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.
