There is no exact date forwhen swimming was invented, butthere is evidence dating the sportback for centuries. Prehistoricmen had to learn to swim in orderto cross rivers and lakes.
Decades of species composition changes can lead to the eutrophication-driven loss of submerged macrophytes in shallow lakes.Investigating the mechanisms of these nature-and human driven changes is crucial for the rest...Decades of species composition changes can lead to the eutrophication-driven loss of submerged macrophytes in shallow lakes.Investigating the mechanisms of these nature-and human driven changes is crucial for the restoration and management of such lakes.To investigate the changes in aquatic macrophyte communities over the past two centuries,we analyzed macrofossils in sediments from a^(210)Pb-dated core obtained in Dongping Lake in the lower Huanghe(Yellow)River Basin,eastern China.Multiple factor analysis(MFA)revealed an association between macrophyte shifts and changes in various environmental stressors(invertebrates,grain size,geochemistry,and documented records),indicating that macrophyte community changes before 1960 were predominately driven by flood disturbances.Ever since,anthropogenic pollution and the construction of water conservancy projects have caused variations in hydrology and nutrients,leading to significant changes in the composition of macrophyte communities.Macrofossil data reveal a decline in diversity and pollution-intolerant species during the late 1980 s and the early 2000 s,which is indicative of eutrophication.We also found that the current environment of Dongping Lake exhibits a clear degeneration in emergent plants and a proliferation of macrophyte species associated with eutrophic conditions,which could be attributed to water level fluctuation and nutrient input due to the water supply from the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project as well as climate warming.Our results provide valuable insights for assessing ecosystem health and the restoration and management of Dongping Lake and similar lakes in the Huanghe River region and elsewhere.展开更多
Co-exposure of pharmaceuticals and microplastics(MPs)significantly exacerbates the aquatic environmental pollution issue.While MPs are identified as carriers of pollutants,research on the adsorption behaviors of biode...Co-exposure of pharmaceuticals and microplastics(MPs)significantly exacerbates the aquatic environmental pollution issue.While MPs are identified as carriers of pollutants,research on the adsorption behaviors of biodegradable and conventional MPs to pharmaceuticals limited.The study investigated the adsorption behavior of conventional MPs(polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate),biodegradable MPs polylactic acid(PLA)and polybutylene succinate(PBS)for sulfamethoxazole(SMX).Meanwhile,changes in physicalchemical properties,including morphology,crystallinity,hydrophobicity and structures of MPs after aging(e.g.,ultraviolet treatment)were investigated.Results exhibited that the oxygen-containing functional groups of MPs surface increased after ultraviolet treatment and enhanced the adsorption capacity for SMX,except for PLA.PLA exhibits the highest adsorption capacity,primarily due to its higher hydrophobicity and larger pore size.In contrast,PBS shows the lowest adsorption affinity for SMX because of its hydrophilicity and small pore size.The adsorption capacity of degradable MPs after aging is greater than that of non-degradable MPs.Electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction are the main mechanisms of adsorption of virgin MPs,while hydrogen bond interaction and electrostatic interaction are the primary adsorption mechanisms for aged MPs.These results contribute to understanding the co-transport and migration of SMX and MPs in the environment,and furnish the necessary data for their ecological risk assessment.展开更多
Several conjugate components represent the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Baikal:Baikal water(surface and deep water),groundwater from boreholes,water of numerous Baikal tributaries,cold and hot mineral springs around Lake...Several conjugate components represent the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Baikal:Baikal water(surface and deep water),groundwater from boreholes,water of numerous Baikal tributaries,cold and hot mineral springs around Lake Baikal,and the Angara River,the only runoff reflecting all this aquatic diversity.River waters in the Baikal region are known to be deficient in some vital elements,including fluorine.This article discusses the features of the fluorine distribution in the water from the conjugate components of the Baikal ecosystem.Fluorine ion concentrations in the water of the Baikal ecosystem was determined using the potentiometric method.The study represents the monitoring that was carried out between 1997 and 2022 years.We determine likely causes of high and low fluorine concentrations in the water from different components,propose and substantiate the fluorine sources,geological and geochemical model of its influx and distribution features in the water of the Baikal ecosystem.展开更多
One of the crucial elements that is directly tied to the quality of living organisms is the quality of the water.How-ever,water quality has been adversely affected by plastic pollution,a global environmental disaster ...One of the crucial elements that is directly tied to the quality of living organisms is the quality of the water.How-ever,water quality has been adversely affected by plastic pollution,a global environmental disaster that has an effect on aquatic life,wildlife,and human health.To prevent these effects,better monitoring,detection,characterisation,quanti-fication,and tracking of aquatic plastic pollution at regional and global scales is urgently needed.Remote sensing tech-nology is regarded as a useful technique,as it offers a promising new and less labour-intensive tool for the detection,quantification,and characterisation of aquatic plastic pollution.The study seeks to supplement to the body of scientific literature by compiling original data on the monitoring of plastic pollution in aquatic environments using remote sensing technology,which can function as a cost saving method for water pollution and risk management in developing nations.This article provides a profound analysis of plastic pollution,including its categories,sources,distribution,chemical properties,and potential risks.It also provides an in-depth review of remote sensing technologies,satellite-derived in-dices,and research trends related to their applicability.Additionally,the study clarifies the difficulties in using remote sensing technologies for aquatic plastic monitoring and practical ways to reduce aquatic plastic pollution.The study will improve the understanding of aquatic plastic pollution,health hazards,and the suitability of remote sensing technology for aquatic plastic contamination monitoring studies among researchers and interested parties.展开更多
Emerging contaminants,such as pharmaceuticals,pesticides,microplastics,and per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS),pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence,bioaccumulative nature,and e...Emerging contaminants,such as pharmaceuticals,pesticides,microplastics,and per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS),pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence,bioaccumulative nature,and ecological toxicity.This mini-review examines their major sources,including industrial effluents,urban runoff,and landfill leachate,and highlights their detrimental impacts on aquatic biodiversity and human health.By synthesizing current research,the review emphasizes the urgent need for improved monitoring,regulatory interventions,and innovative mitigation strategies.It provides a concise overview to guide future research and inform policies aimed at safeguarding aquatic ecosystems and public health.展开更多
Ketoprofen(KET),as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug frequently detected in aqueous environments,is a threat to human health due to its accumulation and low biodegradability,which requires the transformation and ...Ketoprofen(KET),as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug frequently detected in aqueous environments,is a threat to human health due to its accumulation and low biodegradability,which requires the transformation and degradation of KET in aqueous environments.In this paper,the reaction process of ozone-initiated KET degradation in water was investigated using density functional theory(DFT)method at the M06-2X/6-311++g(3df,2p)//M06-2X/6-31+g(d,p)level.The detailed reaction path of KET ozonation is proposed.The thermodynamic results show that ozone-initiated KET degradation is feasible.Under ultraviolet irradiation,the reaction of ozone with water can also produce OH radicals(HO·)that can react with KET.The degradation reaction of KET caused by HO·was further studied.The kinetic calculation illustrates that the reaction rate(1.99×10-1(mol/L)^(-1)sec^(-1))of KET ozonation is relatively slow,but the reaction rate of HO·reaction is relatively high,which can further improve the degradation efficiency.On this basis,the effects of pollutant concentration,ozone concentration,natural organic matter,and pH value on degradation efficiency under UV/O3 process were analyzed.The ozonolysis reaction of KET is not sensitive to pH and is basically unaffected.Finally,the toxicity prediction of oxidation compounds produced by degradation reaction indicates that most of the degradation products are harmless,and a few products containing benzene rings are still toxic and have to be concerned.This study serves as a theoretical basis for analyzing the migration and transformation process of anti-inflammatory compounds in the water environment.展开更多
Persistent halogenated organic pollutants(HOPs)are globally concerned owing to their persistence,bioaccumulation,and potential toxicity to aquatic organisms.The trophic transfer of HOPs can affect their toxic effects ...Persistent halogenated organic pollutants(HOPs)are globally concerned owing to their persistence,bioaccumulation,and potential toxicity to aquatic organisms.The trophic transfer of HOPs can affect their toxic effects on both humans and ecosystems.Previous studies mostly focused on HOPs biomagnification within specific regional or ecosystem contexts,however,the variation in trophicmagnification factors(TMFs)among different HOPs across a spectrum of diverse aquatic systems globally remains unclear.By collating literatures encompassing TMFs of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),or perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs)along invertebrate–fish food webs on a global scale,our analysis revealed that Asia,North America,and Europe exhibited the highest pollution levels of HOPs.PCBs were found to have the highest trophicmagnification capability(TMF=3.14),followed by PBDEs(TMF=2.48)and PFAAs(TMF=1.97).TMF values and the probability of TMF exceeding 1 for PCB,PBDE and PFAA congeners showed a parabolic relationship with halogenation degree and carbon chain length.Specifically,PCBswith 6 chlorines,PBDEs with 5 bromines,and PFAAs with 12 carbons exhibited maximum trophic transfer capability and potential along food webs.Fractionation of PCBs and PFAAs was observed,with the proportions of higher chlorination degree and longer chain PFAAs increasing while the others decreased with trophic levels.Surprisingly,we also found a positive relationship between site latitude and TMF values of HOP congeners.This study provides a valuable basis for gauging ecological and health risks of HOPs,facilitating the development of robust standards for aquatic environment management.展开更多
The blooms of Alexandrium catenella are a long-outstanding issue in the world,causing severe impacts on the local marine environment and the aquaculture industry.Our previous studies have also shown that mango peel ex...The blooms of Alexandrium catenella are a long-outstanding issue in the world,causing severe impacts on the local marine environment and the aquaculture industry.Our previous studies have also shown that mango peel extracts(MPE)could effectively inhibit the growth of A.catenella under controlled laboratory conditions.However,it remains unknown whether using MPE to control A.catenella-induced harmful algal blooms(HABs)in aquaculture environments will cause the release of intracellular phycotoxins into the surrounding environment,potentially affecting aquatic organisms.Additionally,the potential impact of MPE itself on aquatic life is another concern.The objective of this study was to clarify these issues primarily by assessing the ecological safety of MPE.The intracellular and extracellular paralytic shellfish toxins(PSTs)contents of A.catenella was measured throughout the experimental period using liquid chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry(LC-TOFMS).The results showed that MPE reduced the PSTs contents in A.catenella,while no significant fluctuation was observed in the extracellular PSTs contents.Meanwhile,MPE exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory effects on the four HABs species selected in this study but promoted the growth of three of the four bait algae.The recorded results regarding the survival rate,water clearance rate,and growth rate of aquatic organism exposed to MPE showed no significant different between the control group and the experimental group.This study clarified that using MPE to govern HABs in aquaculture environments would not affect the growth of cultured organisms and demonstrated that MPE has species-specific antialgal properties.These findings contribute to a better understanding of the potential of MPE as an algaecide.展开更多
Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN: 2958-4124,e-ISSN : 2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food ma...Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN: 2958-4124,e-ISSN : 2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.The research scope includes the quality and processing characteristics of food raw materials,the relationships of nutritional components and bioactive substances with human health,product flavor and sensory characteristics,the control of harmful substances during processing or cooking,product preservation,storage and packaging;microorganisms and fermentation,illegal drug residues and food safety detection;authenticity identification;cell-cultured meat,regulations and standards.展开更多
A ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypoxanthine(Hx)detection was established based on the mimic enzyme and fluorescence characteristics of cobalt-doped graphite-phase carbon nitride(Co doped g-C_(3)N_(4)).In addition...A ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypoxanthine(Hx)detection was established based on the mimic enzyme and fluorescence characteristics of cobalt-doped graphite-phase carbon nitride(Co doped g-C_(3)N_(4)).In addition to emitting strong fluorescence,the peroxidase activity of Co doped g-C_(3)N_(4)can catalyze the reaction of O-phenylenediamine and H_(2)O_(2)to produce diallyl phthalate which can emit yellow fluorescence at 570 nm.Through the decomposition of Hx by xanthine oxidase,Hx can be indirectly detected by the generating hydrogen peroxide based on the measurement of fluorescent ratio I(F_(570)/F_(370)).The linear range was 1.7-272.2 mg/kg(R^(2)=0.997),and the detection limit was 1.52 mg/kg(3σ/K,n=9).The established method was applied to Hx detection in bass,grass carp,and shrimp,and the data were verified by HPLC.The result shows that the established probe is sensitive,accurate,and reliable,and can be used for Hx detection in aquatic products.展开更多
This study investigates the variations of microcystins(MCs)in water,cyanobacterial blooms,sediment,and aquatic organisms collected from the Dau Tieng Reservoir(DTR).Vietnam.Highperformance liquid chromatography(HPLC)w...This study investigates the variations of microcystins(MCs)in water,cyanobacterial blooms,sediment,and aquatic organisms collected from the Dau Tieng Reservoir(DTR).Vietnam.Highperformance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was employed to measure MC concentrations in various target samples.Results indicate that Microcystis spp.dominates as the primary MC producer in the DTR.The average concentrations of analyzed MCs in surface water ranged from 1.10 to 5.54μg/L,temporally and spatially.In sediment,average concentrations varied from 0.15 to 1.13μg/g wet weight(WW)temporally and from 0.41 to 0.72μg/g WW spatially.MCs were detected in different organs of fish species(Oreochromis sp.and Labiobarbus sp.)and in the entire soft tissues of bivalve(Corbicula sp.)and gastropod(Assiminea sp.).The highest observed MC concentration in July was 0.83±0.22μg/g WW in the intestines of fish Oreochromis sp.The presence of MCs in grass shrimp Palaemonetes sp.was observed solely in June,reaching a concentration of 0.28±0.19μg/g WW.This is the first report of MC accumulation in the grass shrimp Palaemonetes sp.during field collection.For the bivalve Corbicula sp.,the presence of analyzed MCs was consistent throughout the study period,except for March and September,with the highest concentrations in July at 0.77±0.1μg/g WW.Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between MCs in water and sediment with MC concentrations in aquatic animals,indicating the potential transfer of MCs across different trophic levels.The estimated daily intake values for analyzed MCs indicate that fish collected from the DTR are considered safe for consumption,as long as only the edible organs,such as the muscle,are consumed.However,bivalves or gastropods collected from the DTR are not safe for human consumption.This study underscored the importance of monitoring MC accumulation in aquatic animals used as food to mitigate adverse effects on human health.展开更多
Perfluorobutanesulfonate(PFBS)is an emerging pollutant capable of potently disrupting the sex and thyroid endocrine systems of teleosts.However,the hypoxic and temporal variation in PFBS endocrine disrupting toxicity ...Perfluorobutanesulfonate(PFBS)is an emerging pollutant capable of potently disrupting the sex and thyroid endocrine systems of teleosts.However,the hypoxic and temporal variation in PFBS endocrine disrupting toxicity remain largely unknown.In the present study,adult marine medaka were exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of PFBS(0 and 10μg/L)under normoxia or hypoxia conditions for 7 days,aiming to explore the interactive behavior between PFBS and hypoxia.In addition,PFBS singular exposure was extended till 21days under normoxia to elucidate the time-course progression in PFBS toxicity.The results showed that hypoxia inhibited the growth and caused the suspension of egg spawn regardless of PFBS exposure.With regard to the sex endocrine system,7-day PFBS exposure led to an acute stimulation of transcriptional profiles in females,which,subsequently,recovered after the 21-day exposure.The potency of hypoxia to disturb the sex hormones was much stronger than PFBS.A remarkable increase in estradiol concentration was noted in medaka blood after hypoxia exposure.Changes in sex endocrinology of coexposed fish were largely determined by hypoxia,which drove the formation of an estrogenic environment.PFBS further enhanced the endocrine disrupting effects of hypoxia.However,the hepatic synthesis of vitellogenin and choriogenin,two commonly used sensitive biomarkers of estrogenic activity,failed to initiate in response to the estrogen stimulus.Compared to sex endocrine system,disturbances in thyroidal axis by PFBS or hypoxia were relatively mild.Overall,the present findings will advance our toxicological understanding about PFBS pollutant under the interference of hypoxia.展开更多
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are ubiquitous environmental contaminants of growing concern due to their potential ecological and human health risks.This study presents a comprehensive assessment of PAHs contam...Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are ubiquitous environmental contaminants of growing concern due to their potential ecological and human health risks.This study presents a comprehensive assessment of PAHs contamination in the surface sediments of Burullus Lake,a vital and second largest delta lake in Egypt.The aim was to evaluate the eco-toxicity and potential health risks associated with the presence of these compounds.Surface seven sediment samples were collected from various drains in the southern part of Burullus Lake.Soxhlet extraction method was employed to extract PAHs(16PAHs)from the sediment sample.Analytically,target compounds were located using HPLC.The results showed that samples contained PAHs levels ranging from 0.038×10^(-6)to 0.459×10^(-6),which is considered heavily polluted by the European standard for PAHs pollution.Additionally,there was no apparent source of PAHs in the ElKhashah drain or the Brinbal Canal,as HPLC found none of the compounds.The most prevalent compound in sediment samples along the study area was fluoranthene.The diagnostic indices in the present study indicated that the hydrocarbons in the region originated from pyrolytic and man-made sources along the drains of Burullus Lake.The principal component analysis(PCA)and diagnostic ratios revealed that coal combustion and pyrolytic sources were responsible for the PAHs contamination in the surface sediments.The non-carcinogenic risk(HI),which is the product of the HQs for the adult and child populations,respectively,was calculated.HI values under 1,therefore,demonstrated that they had no carcinogenic effects on human health.TEQs and MEQs in the sediments of Burullus Lake do not have a cancer-causing impact on people.For the safety of nearby wildlife,aquatic life,and people,all activities that raise petroleum hydrocarbon levels in Burullus Lake must be adequately regulated and controlled.According to the ecological risk assessment,there is little chance that PAHs will be found in the sediments of Burullus Lake.This study underscores the urgent need for effective pollution control measures and regular monitoring of PAHs levels in Burullus Lake sediments to protect the aquatic ecosystem and public health.It also highlights the importance of considering eco-toxicity and human health risks in integrated risk assessments of PAHs-contaminated environments.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the characteristics of plant diversity of Jiangxia Wetland in Lhasa River basin.[Methods]Based on the survey data of 37 plant community in three types of sample plots of...[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the characteristics of plant diversity of Jiangxia Wetland in Lhasa River basin.[Methods]Based on the survey data of 37 plant community in three types of sample plots of Jiangxia Wetland in the Lhasa River basin,this study analyzed the diversity of plant community in different habitats of Jiangxia Wetland from Pielou evenness,Margalef richness,Simpson and Shannon Wiener diversity indexes of different types and levels.[Results]The Pielou index,Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson diversity index of dry land was higher than those of other plots,while the Margalef species richness index of the ecotone of seasonally flooded and dry land was higher than that of other plots.The Pielou index,Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson diversity index and Margalef species richness index of composite plants were higher than those of other herbaceous plants.The Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson diversity index and Margalef species richness index of hygrophytes were higher than those of other plants,while the Pielou index evenness index of aquatic plants was higher than that of other plants.Annual or perennial herbaceous plants occupied the primary position in the study area,and shrub plants occupied a secondary position,and floating plants took the lowest position.[Conclusions]The results of this study can provide theoretical support or reference basis for the scientific management of comprehensive wetland systems such as wetland ecosystem restoration and plant diversity protection in Jiangxia Wetland.展开更多
Safeguarding water resources,aquatic habitats,and ecosystems is paramount for the well-being of the populace,the future of the nation,and the sustainable development of China.With the relentless progression of ecologi...Safeguarding water resources,aquatic habitats,and ecosystems is paramount for the well-being of the populace,the future of the nation,and the sustainable development of China.With the relentless progression of ecological and environmental protection and the establishment of an ecological civilization,China's aquatic ecological environment protection has undergone five decades of exploration.The water environment protection paradigm has gradually transitioned from emphasizing pollutant emission concentration control and total pollutant emission control to prioritizing water environment quality improvement.Particularly in the past decade,regions nationwide have conducted proactive explorations and practices in source control,emission abatement,and quality enhancement.This paper systematically reviews the achievements in China's water environmental quality improvement and the characteristics of water environment management at various stages over the past half-century.Considering the deployment of“three waters”coordination(water resources,water environment,and water ecology),green development,pollution,carbon reduction,and so forth,this paper analyzes the challenges confronted by China's aquatic ecological environment protection.Finally,future directions are prospected from six aspects:green development,climate change response,water resource allocation optimization,collaborative governance of multiple pollutants,aquatic ecological protection strengthening,and intelligent management improvement.展开更多
Elevated evapotranspiration due to warmer air temperature could raise salinity and nutrient levels of some inland wetlands, potentially impacting nitrogen cycling. To characterize the impact of high evapotranspiration...Elevated evapotranspiration due to warmer air temperature could raise salinity and nutrient levels of some inland wetlands, potentially impacting nitrogen cycling. To characterize the impact of high evapotranspiration on soil microbial nitrogen cycling in inland wetlands, we compared freshwater and brackish marsh(or non-marsh) wetlands in terms of sediment ammonia-oxidizing rate(AOR), denitrifying rate(DR), and related microbial communities in a typical inland basin, the Hulun Lake basin, in China. Results showed that marsh ecosystems(ME) exhibited 31% higher AOR and 65% higher DR than non-marsh ecosystems(NE). For NE, freshwater non-marsh wetland exhibited 12% higher AOR than brackish non-marsh wetland. This was probably due to the inhibitory effects of high NH_4~+ and salinity levels on ammonia-oxidizing archaea in brackish non-marsh wetland. Conversely, DR in brackish non-marsh wetland was 23% higher than that in freshwater non-marsh wetland, with total organic carbon(TOC) significantly influencing this difference,suggesting that the higher DR in brackish non-marsh wetland was mainly due to its higher TOC level. For ME, due to the direct and indirect interference of salinity, brackish marsh wetland displayed 26% lower AOR and 19% lower DR than freshwater marsh wetland. Besides, brackish wetlands harbored distinct ammonia-oxidizing and denitrifying microbial communities compared to freshwater wetlands. The assembly of these communities was dominated by stochastic processes, while brackish wetlands exhibited more prominent deterministic processes than freshwater wetlands. Overall, high evapotranspiration altered activities and community characteristics of ammonia oxidizers and denitrifiers in inland brackish wetlands by enhancing salinity and nutrient levels,while emergent plants occurring in ME could mitigate the adverse effects of salt stress of inland brackish wetlands on nitrogen cycling.展开更多
Different from rivers in humid areas,the variability of riverine CO_(2) system in arid areas is heavily impacted by anthropogenic disturbance with the increasing urbanization and water withdrawals.In this study,the wa...Different from rivers in humid areas,the variability of riverine CO_(2) system in arid areas is heavily impacted by anthropogenic disturbance with the increasing urbanization and water withdrawals.In this study,the water chemistry and the controls of carbonate system in an urbanized river(the Fenhe River)on the semi-arid Loess Plateau were analyzed.The water chemistry of the river water showed that the high dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC)concentration(about 37 mg L^(-1))in the upstream with a karst land type was mainly sourced from carbonate weathering involved by H_(2)CO_(3) and H_(2)SO_(4),resulting in an oversaturated partial pressure of CO_(2)(pCO_(2))(about 800μatm).In comparison,damming resulted in the widespread appearance of non-free flowing river segments,and aquatic photosynthesis dominated the DIC and pCO_(2) spatiality demonstrated by the enriched stable isotope of DIC(δ^(13)CDIC).Especially in the mid-downstream flowing through major cities in warm and low-runoff August,some river segments even acted as an atmospheric CO_(2) sink.The noteworthy is wastewater input leading to a sudden increase in DIC(>55 mg L^(-1))and pCO_(2)(>4500μatm)in the downstream of Taiyuan City,and in cold November the increased DIC even extended to the outlet of the river.Our results highlight the effects of aquatic production induced by damming and urban sewage input on riverine CO_(2) system in semi-arid areas,and reducing sewage discharge may mitigate CO_(2) emission from the rivers.展开更多
Three new spongillafly species of Sisyra Burmeister,1839 from southern China and Laos are described,namely S.arcuata sp.nov.,S.nobilia sp.nov.,and S.stenoloma sp.nov.Notably,S.arcuata sp.nov.and S.nobilia sp.nov.have ...Three new spongillafly species of Sisyra Burmeister,1839 from southern China and Laos are described,namely S.arcuata sp.nov.,S.nobilia sp.nov.,and S.stenoloma sp.nov.Notably,S.arcuata sp.nov.and S.nobilia sp.nov.have remarkable forewing marking pattern,which has never been reported in Sisyra.Additionally,the male of the rare species Sisyra yunana Yang,1986 is described for the first time.All these Sisyra species have a highly specialized male gonocoxites 9.展开更多
Multi-channel polarization optical technology is increasingly used for prompt monitoring of water systems.Optical devices during the assessment of water quality determine the intensity of light through the studied aqu...Multi-channel polarization optical technology is increasingly used for prompt monitoring of water systems.Optical devices during the assessment of water quality determine the intensity of light through the studied aquatic environment.Spectrophotometric devices measure the spectrum of weakening of light through the aquatic environment.Spectroellipsometric devices receive spectra in vertical and horizontal polarizations.The presented article develops an adaptive optical hardware and image system for monitoring water bodies.The system is combined.It consists of 2 parts:1)automated spectrophotometer-refractometer,and 2)adaptive spectroellipsometer.The system is equipped with a corresponding algorithmic and software,including algorithms for identifying spectral curves,databases and knowledge of spectral curves algorithms for solving reverse problems.The presented system is original since it differs from modern foreign systems by a new method of spectrophotometric and spectroellipsometric measurements,an original elemental base of polarization optics and a comprehensive mathematical approach to assessing the quality of a water body.There are no rotating polarization elements in the system.Therefore,this makes it possible to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and,as a result,improve measurement stability and simplify multichannel spectrophotometers and spectroellipsometers.The proposed system can be used in various water systems where it is necessary to assess water quality or identify the presence of a certain set of chemical elements.展开更多
文摘There is no exact date forwhen swimming was invented, butthere is evidence dating the sportback for centuries. Prehistoricmen had to learn to swim in orderto cross rivers and lakes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42007397,41871073)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2020QD002)。
文摘Decades of species composition changes can lead to the eutrophication-driven loss of submerged macrophytes in shallow lakes.Investigating the mechanisms of these nature-and human driven changes is crucial for the restoration and management of such lakes.To investigate the changes in aquatic macrophyte communities over the past two centuries,we analyzed macrofossils in sediments from a^(210)Pb-dated core obtained in Dongping Lake in the lower Huanghe(Yellow)River Basin,eastern China.Multiple factor analysis(MFA)revealed an association between macrophyte shifts and changes in various environmental stressors(invertebrates,grain size,geochemistry,and documented records),indicating that macrophyte community changes before 1960 were predominately driven by flood disturbances.Ever since,anthropogenic pollution and the construction of water conservancy projects have caused variations in hydrology and nutrients,leading to significant changes in the composition of macrophyte communities.Macrofossil data reveal a decline in diversity and pollution-intolerant species during the late 1980 s and the early 2000 s,which is indicative of eutrophication.We also found that the current environment of Dongping Lake exhibits a clear degeneration in emergent plants and a proliferation of macrophyte species associated with eutrophic conditions,which could be attributed to water level fluctuation and nutrient input due to the water supply from the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project as well as climate warming.Our results provide valuable insights for assessing ecosystem health and the restoration and management of Dongping Lake and similar lakes in the Huanghe River region and elsewhere.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52100039)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.531118010896).
文摘Co-exposure of pharmaceuticals and microplastics(MPs)significantly exacerbates the aquatic environmental pollution issue.While MPs are identified as carriers of pollutants,research on the adsorption behaviors of biodegradable and conventional MPs to pharmaceuticals limited.The study investigated the adsorption behavior of conventional MPs(polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate),biodegradable MPs polylactic acid(PLA)and polybutylene succinate(PBS)for sulfamethoxazole(SMX).Meanwhile,changes in physicalchemical properties,including morphology,crystallinity,hydrophobicity and structures of MPs after aging(e.g.,ultraviolet treatment)were investigated.Results exhibited that the oxygen-containing functional groups of MPs surface increased after ultraviolet treatment and enhanced the adsorption capacity for SMX,except for PLA.PLA exhibits the highest adsorption capacity,primarily due to its higher hydrophobicity and larger pore size.In contrast,PBS shows the lowest adsorption affinity for SMX because of its hydrophilicity and small pore size.The adsorption capacity of degradable MPs after aging is greater than that of non-degradable MPs.Electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction are the main mechanisms of adsorption of virgin MPs,while hydrogen bond interaction and electrostatic interaction are the primary adsorption mechanisms for aged MPs.These results contribute to understanding the co-transport and migration of SMX and MPs in the environment,and furnish the necessary data for their ecological risk assessment.
基金the framework of the IGC SB RAS project(No.0284-2021-0003)supported by the RFFR ofi_m project(No.17-29-05022).
文摘Several conjugate components represent the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Baikal:Baikal water(surface and deep water),groundwater from boreholes,water of numerous Baikal tributaries,cold and hot mineral springs around Lake Baikal,and the Angara River,the only runoff reflecting all this aquatic diversity.River waters in the Baikal region are known to be deficient in some vital elements,including fluorine.This article discusses the features of the fluorine distribution in the water from the conjugate components of the Baikal ecosystem.Fluorine ion concentrations in the water of the Baikal ecosystem was determined using the potentiometric method.The study represents the monitoring that was carried out between 1997 and 2022 years.We determine likely causes of high and low fluorine concentrations in the water from different components,propose and substantiate the fluorine sources,geological and geochemical model of its influx and distribution features in the water of the Baikal ecosystem.
文摘One of the crucial elements that is directly tied to the quality of living organisms is the quality of the water.How-ever,water quality has been adversely affected by plastic pollution,a global environmental disaster that has an effect on aquatic life,wildlife,and human health.To prevent these effects,better monitoring,detection,characterisation,quanti-fication,and tracking of aquatic plastic pollution at regional and global scales is urgently needed.Remote sensing tech-nology is regarded as a useful technique,as it offers a promising new and less labour-intensive tool for the detection,quantification,and characterisation of aquatic plastic pollution.The study seeks to supplement to the body of scientific literature by compiling original data on the monitoring of plastic pollution in aquatic environments using remote sensing technology,which can function as a cost saving method for water pollution and risk management in developing nations.This article provides a profound analysis of plastic pollution,including its categories,sources,distribution,chemical properties,and potential risks.It also provides an in-depth review of remote sensing technologies,satellite-derived in-dices,and research trends related to their applicability.Additionally,the study clarifies the difficulties in using remote sensing technologies for aquatic plastic monitoring and practical ways to reduce aquatic plastic pollution.The study will improve the understanding of aquatic plastic pollution,health hazards,and the suitability of remote sensing technology for aquatic plastic contamination monitoring studies among researchers and interested parties.
文摘Emerging contaminants,such as pharmaceuticals,pesticides,microplastics,and per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS),pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence,bioaccumulative nature,and ecological toxicity.This mini-review examines their major sources,including industrial effluents,urban runoff,and landfill leachate,and highlights their detrimental impacts on aquatic biodiversity and human health.By synthesizing current research,the review emphasizes the urgent need for improved monitoring,regulatory interventions,and innovative mitigation strategies.It provides a concise overview to guide future research and inform policies aimed at safeguarding aquatic ecosystems and public health.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.21777087 and 22276109)the Natural Science Basic Research Fund of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-JC-QN-0099)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,CHD(No.300102352101)the Innovative Research Team for Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province(No.2022TD-04).
文摘Ketoprofen(KET),as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug frequently detected in aqueous environments,is a threat to human health due to its accumulation and low biodegradability,which requires the transformation and degradation of KET in aqueous environments.In this paper,the reaction process of ozone-initiated KET degradation in water was investigated using density functional theory(DFT)method at the M06-2X/6-311++g(3df,2p)//M06-2X/6-31+g(d,p)level.The detailed reaction path of KET ozonation is proposed.The thermodynamic results show that ozone-initiated KET degradation is feasible.Under ultraviolet irradiation,the reaction of ozone with water can also produce OH radicals(HO·)that can react with KET.The degradation reaction of KET caused by HO·was further studied.The kinetic calculation illustrates that the reaction rate(1.99×10-1(mol/L)^(-1)sec^(-1))of KET ozonation is relatively slow,but the reaction rate of HO·reaction is relatively high,which can further improve the degradation efficiency.On this basis,the effects of pollutant concentration,ozone concentration,natural organic matter,and pH value on degradation efficiency under UV/O3 process were analyzed.The ozonolysis reaction of KET is not sensitive to pH and is basically unaffected.Finally,the toxicity prediction of oxidation compounds produced by degradation reaction indicates that most of the degradation products are harmless,and a few products containing benzene rings are still toxic and have to be concerned.This study serves as a theoretical basis for analyzing the migration and transformation process of anti-inflammatory compounds in the water environment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.T2421005,T2261129474,52039001,and 52270148).
文摘Persistent halogenated organic pollutants(HOPs)are globally concerned owing to their persistence,bioaccumulation,and potential toxicity to aquatic organisms.The trophic transfer of HOPs can affect their toxic effects on both humans and ecosystems.Previous studies mostly focused on HOPs biomagnification within specific regional or ecosystem contexts,however,the variation in trophicmagnification factors(TMFs)among different HOPs across a spectrum of diverse aquatic systems globally remains unclear.By collating literatures encompassing TMFs of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),or perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs)along invertebrate–fish food webs on a global scale,our analysis revealed that Asia,North America,and Europe exhibited the highest pollution levels of HOPs.PCBs were found to have the highest trophicmagnification capability(TMF=3.14),followed by PBDEs(TMF=2.48)and PFAAs(TMF=1.97).TMF values and the probability of TMF exceeding 1 for PCB,PBDE and PFAA congeners showed a parabolic relationship with halogenation degree and carbon chain length.Specifically,PCBswith 6 chlorines,PBDEs with 5 bromines,and PFAAs with 12 carbons exhibited maximum trophic transfer capability and potential along food webs.Fractionation of PCBs and PFAAs was observed,with the proportions of higher chlorination degree and longer chain PFAAs increasing while the others decreased with trophic levels.Surprisingly,we also found a positive relationship between site latitude and TMF values of HOP congeners.This study provides a valuable basis for gauging ecological and health risks of HOPs,facilitating the development of robust standards for aquatic environment management.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.42030402the program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist under contract No.23XD1401200the opening foundation of the Observation and Research Station of Bohai Strait Eco-Corridor,Ministry of Natural Resources under contract No.BH202405.
文摘The blooms of Alexandrium catenella are a long-outstanding issue in the world,causing severe impacts on the local marine environment and the aquaculture industry.Our previous studies have also shown that mango peel extracts(MPE)could effectively inhibit the growth of A.catenella under controlled laboratory conditions.However,it remains unknown whether using MPE to control A.catenella-induced harmful algal blooms(HABs)in aquaculture environments will cause the release of intracellular phycotoxins into the surrounding environment,potentially affecting aquatic organisms.Additionally,the potential impact of MPE itself on aquatic life is another concern.The objective of this study was to clarify these issues primarily by assessing the ecological safety of MPE.The intracellular and extracellular paralytic shellfish toxins(PSTs)contents of A.catenella was measured throughout the experimental period using liquid chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry(LC-TOFMS).The results showed that MPE reduced the PSTs contents in A.catenella,while no significant fluctuation was observed in the extracellular PSTs contents.Meanwhile,MPE exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory effects on the four HABs species selected in this study but promoted the growth of three of the four bait algae.The recorded results regarding the survival rate,water clearance rate,and growth rate of aquatic organism exposed to MPE showed no significant different between the control group and the experimental group.This study clarified that using MPE to govern HABs in aquaculture environments would not affect the growth of cultured organisms and demonstrated that MPE has species-specific antialgal properties.These findings contribute to a better understanding of the potential of MPE as an algaecide.
文摘Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN: 2958-4124,e-ISSN : 2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.The research scope includes the quality and processing characteristics of food raw materials,the relationships of nutritional components and bioactive substances with human health,product flavor and sensory characteristics,the control of harmful substances during processing or cooking,product preservation,storage and packaging;microorganisms and fermentation,illegal drug residues and food safety detection;authenticity identification;cell-cultured meat,regulations and standards.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21804050)the National Key R and D Program of China(2018YFD0901003)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Planning Project of Xiamen,China(3502Z20183031)the Fujian Provincial Fund Project(2018J01432)the Xiamen Science and Technology Planning Project,China(3502Z20183031)。
文摘A ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypoxanthine(Hx)detection was established based on the mimic enzyme and fluorescence characteristics of cobalt-doped graphite-phase carbon nitride(Co doped g-C_(3)N_(4)).In addition to emitting strong fluorescence,the peroxidase activity of Co doped g-C_(3)N_(4)can catalyze the reaction of O-phenylenediamine and H_(2)O_(2)to produce diallyl phthalate which can emit yellow fluorescence at 570 nm.Through the decomposition of Hx by xanthine oxidase,Hx can be indirectly detected by the generating hydrogen peroxide based on the measurement of fluorescent ratio I(F_(570)/F_(370)).The linear range was 1.7-272.2 mg/kg(R^(2)=0.997),and the detection limit was 1.52 mg/kg(3σ/K,n=9).The established method was applied to Hx detection in bass,grass carp,and shrimp,and the data were verified by HPLC.The result shows that the established probe is sensitive,accurate,and reliable,and can be used for Hx detection in aquatic products.
文摘This study investigates the variations of microcystins(MCs)in water,cyanobacterial blooms,sediment,and aquatic organisms collected from the Dau Tieng Reservoir(DTR).Vietnam.Highperformance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was employed to measure MC concentrations in various target samples.Results indicate that Microcystis spp.dominates as the primary MC producer in the DTR.The average concentrations of analyzed MCs in surface water ranged from 1.10 to 5.54μg/L,temporally and spatially.In sediment,average concentrations varied from 0.15 to 1.13μg/g wet weight(WW)temporally and from 0.41 to 0.72μg/g WW spatially.MCs were detected in different organs of fish species(Oreochromis sp.and Labiobarbus sp.)and in the entire soft tissues of bivalve(Corbicula sp.)and gastropod(Assiminea sp.).The highest observed MC concentration in July was 0.83±0.22μg/g WW in the intestines of fish Oreochromis sp.The presence of MCs in grass shrimp Palaemonetes sp.was observed solely in June,reaching a concentration of 0.28±0.19μg/g WW.This is the first report of MC accumulation in the grass shrimp Palaemonetes sp.during field collection.For the bivalve Corbicula sp.,the presence of analyzed MCs was consistent throughout the study period,except for March and September,with the highest concentrations in July at 0.77±0.1μg/g WW.Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between MCs in water and sediment with MC concentrations in aquatic animals,indicating the potential transfer of MCs across different trophic levels.The estimated daily intake values for analyzed MCs indicate that fish collected from the DTR are considered safe for consumption,as long as only the edible organs,such as the muscle,are consumed.However,bivalves or gastropods collected from the DTR are not safe for human consumption.This study underscored the importance of monitoring MC accumulation in aquatic animals used as food to mitigate adverse effects on human health.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22006159 and 31971236)the Research Grants Council Theme-Based Research Scheme (No.T21-602/16-R)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China (No.2021CFA086)the State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology (No.2022FBZ02)。
文摘Perfluorobutanesulfonate(PFBS)is an emerging pollutant capable of potently disrupting the sex and thyroid endocrine systems of teleosts.However,the hypoxic and temporal variation in PFBS endocrine disrupting toxicity remain largely unknown.In the present study,adult marine medaka were exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of PFBS(0 and 10μg/L)under normoxia or hypoxia conditions for 7 days,aiming to explore the interactive behavior between PFBS and hypoxia.In addition,PFBS singular exposure was extended till 21days under normoxia to elucidate the time-course progression in PFBS toxicity.The results showed that hypoxia inhibited the growth and caused the suspension of egg spawn regardless of PFBS exposure.With regard to the sex endocrine system,7-day PFBS exposure led to an acute stimulation of transcriptional profiles in females,which,subsequently,recovered after the 21-day exposure.The potency of hypoxia to disturb the sex hormones was much stronger than PFBS.A remarkable increase in estradiol concentration was noted in medaka blood after hypoxia exposure.Changes in sex endocrinology of coexposed fish were largely determined by hypoxia,which drove the formation of an estrogenic environment.PFBS further enhanced the endocrine disrupting effects of hypoxia.However,the hepatic synthesis of vitellogenin and choriogenin,two commonly used sensitive biomarkers of estrogenic activity,failed to initiate in response to the estrogen stimulus.Compared to sex endocrine system,disturbances in thyroidal axis by PFBS or hypoxia were relatively mild.Overall,the present findings will advance our toxicological understanding about PFBS pollutant under the interference of hypoxia.
文摘Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are ubiquitous environmental contaminants of growing concern due to their potential ecological and human health risks.This study presents a comprehensive assessment of PAHs contamination in the surface sediments of Burullus Lake,a vital and second largest delta lake in Egypt.The aim was to evaluate the eco-toxicity and potential health risks associated with the presence of these compounds.Surface seven sediment samples were collected from various drains in the southern part of Burullus Lake.Soxhlet extraction method was employed to extract PAHs(16PAHs)from the sediment sample.Analytically,target compounds were located using HPLC.The results showed that samples contained PAHs levels ranging from 0.038×10^(-6)to 0.459×10^(-6),which is considered heavily polluted by the European standard for PAHs pollution.Additionally,there was no apparent source of PAHs in the ElKhashah drain or the Brinbal Canal,as HPLC found none of the compounds.The most prevalent compound in sediment samples along the study area was fluoranthene.The diagnostic indices in the present study indicated that the hydrocarbons in the region originated from pyrolytic and man-made sources along the drains of Burullus Lake.The principal component analysis(PCA)and diagnostic ratios revealed that coal combustion and pyrolytic sources were responsible for the PAHs contamination in the surface sediments.The non-carcinogenic risk(HI),which is the product of the HQs for the adult and child populations,respectively,was calculated.HI values under 1,therefore,demonstrated that they had no carcinogenic effects on human health.TEQs and MEQs in the sediments of Burullus Lake do not have a cancer-causing impact on people.For the safety of nearby wildlife,aquatic life,and people,all activities that raise petroleum hydrocarbon levels in Burullus Lake must be adequately regulated and controlled.According to the ecological risk assessment,there is little chance that PAHs will be found in the sediments of Burullus Lake.This study underscores the urgent need for effective pollution control measures and regular monitoring of PAHs levels in Burullus Lake sediments to protect the aquatic ecosystem and public health.It also highlights the importance of considering eco-toxicity and human health risks in integrated risk assessments of PAHs-contaminated environments.
基金Supported by Prefecture-level Science and Technology Program of Hetian Prefecture(202439).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the characteristics of plant diversity of Jiangxia Wetland in Lhasa River basin.[Methods]Based on the survey data of 37 plant community in three types of sample plots of Jiangxia Wetland in the Lhasa River basin,this study analyzed the diversity of plant community in different habitats of Jiangxia Wetland from Pielou evenness,Margalef richness,Simpson and Shannon Wiener diversity indexes of different types and levels.[Results]The Pielou index,Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson diversity index of dry land was higher than those of other plots,while the Margalef species richness index of the ecotone of seasonally flooded and dry land was higher than that of other plots.The Pielou index,Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson diversity index and Margalef species richness index of composite plants were higher than those of other herbaceous plants.The Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson diversity index and Margalef species richness index of hygrophytes were higher than those of other plants,while the Pielou index evenness index of aquatic plants was higher than that of other plants.Annual or perennial herbaceous plants occupied the primary position in the study area,and shrub plants occupied a secondary position,and floating plants took the lowest position.[Conclusions]The results of this study can provide theoretical support or reference basis for the scientific management of comprehensive wetland systems such as wetland ecosystem restoration and plant diversity protection in Jiangxia Wetland.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:42107503National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:SQ2022YFC3200080。
文摘Safeguarding water resources,aquatic habitats,and ecosystems is paramount for the well-being of the populace,the future of the nation,and the sustainable development of China.With the relentless progression of ecological and environmental protection and the establishment of an ecological civilization,China's aquatic ecological environment protection has undergone five decades of exploration.The water environment protection paradigm has gradually transitioned from emphasizing pollutant emission concentration control and total pollutant emission control to prioritizing water environment quality improvement.Particularly in the past decade,regions nationwide have conducted proactive explorations and practices in source control,emission abatement,and quality enhancement.This paper systematically reviews the achievements in China's water environmental quality improvement and the characteristics of water environment management at various stages over the past half-century.Considering the deployment of“three waters”coordination(water resources,water environment,and water ecology),green development,pollution,carbon reduction,and so forth,this paper analyzes the challenges confronted by China's aquatic ecological environment protection.Finally,future directions are prospected from six aspects:green development,climate change response,water resource allocation optimization,collaborative governance of multiple pollutants,aquatic ecological protection strengthening,and intelligent management improvement.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Nos.ZR2022QC146and ZR2021YQ22)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31872242,32070405,32270444,and32200349)he Colleges and Universities Youth Innovation Science and Technology Teams Support Program of Shandong Province,China(No.2021KJ015)。
文摘Elevated evapotranspiration due to warmer air temperature could raise salinity and nutrient levels of some inland wetlands, potentially impacting nitrogen cycling. To characterize the impact of high evapotranspiration on soil microbial nitrogen cycling in inland wetlands, we compared freshwater and brackish marsh(or non-marsh) wetlands in terms of sediment ammonia-oxidizing rate(AOR), denitrifying rate(DR), and related microbial communities in a typical inland basin, the Hulun Lake basin, in China. Results showed that marsh ecosystems(ME) exhibited 31% higher AOR and 65% higher DR than non-marsh ecosystems(NE). For NE, freshwater non-marsh wetland exhibited 12% higher AOR than brackish non-marsh wetland. This was probably due to the inhibitory effects of high NH_4~+ and salinity levels on ammonia-oxidizing archaea in brackish non-marsh wetland. Conversely, DR in brackish non-marsh wetland was 23% higher than that in freshwater non-marsh wetland, with total organic carbon(TOC) significantly influencing this difference,suggesting that the higher DR in brackish non-marsh wetland was mainly due to its higher TOC level. For ME, due to the direct and indirect interference of salinity, brackish marsh wetland displayed 26% lower AOR and 19% lower DR than freshwater marsh wetland. Besides, brackish wetlands harbored distinct ammonia-oxidizing and denitrifying microbial communities compared to freshwater wetlands. The assembly of these communities was dominated by stochastic processes, while brackish wetlands exhibited more prominent deterministic processes than freshwater wetlands. Overall, high evapotranspiration altered activities and community characteristics of ammonia oxidizers and denitrifiers in inland brackish wetlands by enhancing salinity and nutrient levels,while emergent plants occurring in ME could mitigate the adverse effects of salt stress of inland brackish wetlands on nitrogen cycling.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No.41376123)the Youth Project of Shanxi Basic Research (Nos.20210302124317,201901D211383)+1 种基金the Research and Promotion Project of Water Conservancy Science and Technology in Shanxi Province (No.2023GM41)the Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Shanxi Agricultural University (No.2018YJ21)。
文摘Different from rivers in humid areas,the variability of riverine CO_(2) system in arid areas is heavily impacted by anthropogenic disturbance with the increasing urbanization and water withdrawals.In this study,the water chemistry and the controls of carbonate system in an urbanized river(the Fenhe River)on the semi-arid Loess Plateau were analyzed.The water chemistry of the river water showed that the high dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC)concentration(about 37 mg L^(-1))in the upstream with a karst land type was mainly sourced from carbonate weathering involved by H_(2)CO_(3) and H_(2)SO_(4),resulting in an oversaturated partial pressure of CO_(2)(pCO_(2))(about 800μatm).In comparison,damming resulted in the widespread appearance of non-free flowing river segments,and aquatic photosynthesis dominated the DIC and pCO_(2) spatiality demonstrated by the enriched stable isotope of DIC(δ^(13)CDIC).Especially in the mid-downstream flowing through major cities in warm and low-runoff August,some river segments even acted as an atmospheric CO_(2) sink.The noteworthy is wastewater input leading to a sudden increase in DIC(>55 mg L^(-1))and pCO_(2)(>4500μatm)in the downstream of Taiyuan City,and in cold November the increased DIC even extended to the outlet of the river.Our results highlight the effects of aquatic production induced by damming and urban sewage input on riverine CO_(2) system in semi-arid areas,and reducing sewage discharge may mitigate CO_(2) emission from the rivers.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170448,32370484)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(5162016)+1 种基金the National Animal Collection Resource CenterChina。
文摘Three new spongillafly species of Sisyra Burmeister,1839 from southern China and Laos are described,namely S.arcuata sp.nov.,S.nobilia sp.nov.,and S.stenoloma sp.nov.Notably,S.arcuata sp.nov.and S.nobilia sp.nov.have remarkable forewing marking pattern,which has never been reported in Sisyra.Additionally,the male of the rare species Sisyra yunana Yang,1986 is described for the first time.All these Sisyra species have a highly specialized male gonocoxites 9.
基金Supported By The Russian Science Foundation Grant No.23-21-00115,https://rscf.ru/en/project/23-21-00115/.
文摘Multi-channel polarization optical technology is increasingly used for prompt monitoring of water systems.Optical devices during the assessment of water quality determine the intensity of light through the studied aquatic environment.Spectrophotometric devices measure the spectrum of weakening of light through the aquatic environment.Spectroellipsometric devices receive spectra in vertical and horizontal polarizations.The presented article develops an adaptive optical hardware and image system for monitoring water bodies.The system is combined.It consists of 2 parts:1)automated spectrophotometer-refractometer,and 2)adaptive spectroellipsometer.The system is equipped with a corresponding algorithmic and software,including algorithms for identifying spectral curves,databases and knowledge of spectral curves algorithms for solving reverse problems.The presented system is original since it differs from modern foreign systems by a new method of spectrophotometric and spectroellipsometric measurements,an original elemental base of polarization optics and a comprehensive mathematical approach to assessing the quality of a water body.There are no rotating polarization elements in the system.Therefore,this makes it possible to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and,as a result,improve measurement stability and simplify multichannel spectrophotometers and spectroellipsometers.The proposed system can be used in various water systems where it is necessary to assess water quality or identify the presence of a certain set of chemical elements.
