The migration and dissolution of AgNPs in an aquatic system with plants was investigated.By using a hydroponic system with Eichhornia crassipes,the absorption and transportation processes of silver nanoparticles were ...The migration and dissolution of AgNPs in an aquatic system with plants was investigated.By using a hydroponic system with Eichhornia crassipes,the absorption and transportation processes of silver nanoparticles were investigated.The results show that AgNPs concentrations in the water phase declined with the increase in time,and the reduction degree was dependent on the initial concentrations of AgNPs.The silver concentrations in the roots(r=0.98,p<0.05),stems and leaves(r=1,p<0.001)were significantly positively correlated with the initial concentrations of AgNPs.Silver nanoparticles accumulated in plant roots more than stems and leaves.Compared with the addition of AgNO 3 at identical concentrations,lower removal rates of silver and plant uptake were observed in the AgNPs stress systems.A significant positive correlation was also found between the initial AgNPs concentrations and the removed amount of silver(r=0.99,p<0.001).For AgNPs,the primary removal mechanisms in these aquatic systems were agglomeration and sedimentation,while the absorption by plants had a relatively weak contribution.展开更多
Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and Iron (Fe) are important nutrients for phytoplankton, and they are the key limiting nutrients in many marine systems. In the present study, growth and protein expression of marine phyto...Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and Iron (Fe) are important nutrients for phytoplankton, and they are the key limiting nutrients in many marine systems. In the present study, growth and protein expression of marine phytoplankton Prymnesium parvum under different nitrate, phosphate and iron conditions were investigated in order to evaluate whether proteins and their expression level could be used as biomarkers of N, P, and Fe conditions in aquatic systems. The growth of P. parvum increased with the increase of nitrate, phosphate and iron concentrations in the culture medium. Protein expression levels also differed significantly (p < 0.001) for different nitrate, phosphate and iron conditions in the culture medium. The expression level of an 83 kDa protein at 0 and 5 μM nitrate treatments differed significantly (p < 0.001) from those at 20, 30, 50 and 100 μM nitrate treatments, indicating the expression levels of this protein as a biomarker of N status in the culture medium. A 121 kDa protein was up-regulated at phosphate stress conditions ([P] ≤ 1.0 μM), while this protein was not expressed at phosphate replete conditions ([P] ≥ 5 μM). Therefore, the expression of 121 kDa protein in P. parvum is indicative of phosphate deplete condition in aquatic systems. The expression level of a 42 kDa was significantly higher (p < 0.01) at Fe-stress condition ([Fe] = 0.01 μM) than Fe-replete conditions ([Fe] ≥ 0.1 μM). In addition, a new protein of 103 kDa was only expressed under Fe-deplete condition ([Fe] = 0.01 μM). Therefore, the 42 and 103 kDa proteins can be used as a biomarker of Fe-limitation condition of aquatic systems. However, further studies (two dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry) are needed to identify and characterize these proteins in P. parvum.展开更多
The present study conducted in the town of Ombessa aims to assess the influence of abiotic factors on the abundance dynamics and antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis isolated from so...The present study conducted in the town of Ombessa aims to assess the influence of abiotic factors on the abundance dynamics and antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis isolated from some aquatic systems from February to July 2022, monthly samples were taken at 10 water points used by the population (8 groundwater points and 2 surface water points). Samples were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, electrical conductivity. Bacteriological variables such as BHAM, E. coli and E. faecalis abundances were also assessed. Antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli and E. faecalis was assessed using 06 antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion disk method. The results show that bacterial abundances were the highest in surface waters. Bacterial densities were the highest in May and the lowest in February. The average densities recorded were 3845 CFU/100mL for BHAM, 380 CFU/100mL for E. coli and 14 CFU/100mL for E. faecalis in groundwater;and 8583 CFU/100mL for BHAM, 6878 CFU/100mL for E. coli and 812 CFU/100mL for E. faecalis in surface water. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that these bacterial species are sensitive to Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Azithromycin and Ciprofloxacin. They are all resistant to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, E. coli is resistant to Doxycycline and E. faecalis has an intermediate sensitivity to Gentamicin. Overall, the Multiresistance to Antibiotics (MRA) indices obtained were above 0.2, indicating the presence of multidrug resistance in bacterial communities. The physico-chemical properties of the water varied over time and space, but on the whole remained below the threshold values of WHO guidelines. The degree of linkage between abiotic water variables and bacteriological parameters has shown that bacterial densities are more abundant in rainy seasons and increased O2 levels favor bacterial growth, while TSS, CO2 and dissolved nitrate levels affect the sensitivity of these bacterial species to antibiotics.展开更多
Several conjugate components represent the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Baikal:Baikal water(surface and deep water),groundwater from boreholes,water of numerous Baikal tributaries,cold and hot mineral springs around Lake...Several conjugate components represent the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Baikal:Baikal water(surface and deep water),groundwater from boreholes,water of numerous Baikal tributaries,cold and hot mineral springs around Lake Baikal,and the Angara River,the only runoff reflecting all this aquatic diversity.River waters in the Baikal region are known to be deficient in some vital elements,including fluorine.This article discusses the features of the fluorine distribution in the water from the conjugate components of the Baikal ecosystem.Fluorine ion concentrations in the water of the Baikal ecosystem was determined using the potentiometric method.The study represents the monitoring that was carried out between 1997 and 2022 years.We determine likely causes of high and low fluorine concentrations in the water from different components,propose and substantiate the fluorine sources,geological and geochemical model of its influx and distribution features in the water of the Baikal ecosystem.展开更多
Emerging contaminants,such as pharmaceuticals,pesticides,microplastics,and per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS),pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence,bioaccumulative nature,and e...Emerging contaminants,such as pharmaceuticals,pesticides,microplastics,and per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS),pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence,bioaccumulative nature,and ecological toxicity.This mini-review examines their major sources,including industrial effluents,urban runoff,and landfill leachate,and highlights their detrimental impacts on aquatic biodiversity and human health.By synthesizing current research,the review emphasizes the urgent need for improved monitoring,regulatory interventions,and innovative mitigation strategies.It provides a concise overview to guide future research and inform policies aimed at safeguarding aquatic ecosystems and public health.展开更多
This study establishes and validates a method for the precise quantification of aquatic microbial loads using microbial diversity absolute quantitative sequencing.By adding synthetic spike-in DNA to water samples from...This study establishes and validates a method for the precise quantification of aquatic microbial loads using microbial diversity absolute quantitative sequencing.By adding synthetic spike-in DNA to water samples from the Dahei River prior to DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing,it generates standard curves to convert sequencing data into absolute microbial copy numbers.The method,which is proved highly accurate(R^(2)>0.99),reveals a clear contrast between the river sites:the upstream community has not only a significantly higher total microbial load but also a completely different makeup of species compared to the downstream site.This approach effectively overcomes the limitations of relative abundance analysis,providing a powerful tool for environmental monitoring,and proposes key steps for future standardization to ensure data comparability and integration.展开更多
Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) are recognized as a primary threat to the sustainability of environment and human health in the 21^(st) century.Nanomaterials(NMs) have attracted substantial attention due to their un...Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) are recognized as a primary threat to the sustainability of environment and human health in the 21^(st) century.Nanomaterials(NMs) have attracted substantial attention due to their unique dimensions and structures.Unfortunately,emerging evidence suggests that NMs may facilitate the transmission of ARGs.It is crucial to elucidate how NMs affect the evolution and dissemination of ARGs.The current review comprehensively examines the role of NMs in the widespread transmission of ARGs in aquatic environments and the underlying mechanisms involved in the process.It aims to clarify the effects and mechanisms of NMs on the horizontal gene transfer processes that are associated with ARGs,including the enhancement of cell membrane permeability,the formation of nanopores on membranes,promotion of mutagenesis,and the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROSs).Furthermore,the trade-off between the removal of ARGs and horizontal transfer has been elucidated.The review aspires to guide future research directions,advance knowledge on the implications of NMs in the field of ARGs' transmission,and provide a theoretical foundation for the development of safer and more effective applications of NMs.展开更多
With the improvement of living standards and the shift in societal consumption attitudes,consumers demand for the quality of aquatic products is increasingly stringent.Freshness and quality have become primary factors...With the improvement of living standards and the shift in societal consumption attitudes,consumers demand for the quality of aquatic products is increasingly stringent.Freshness and quality have become primary factors determining consumers purchasing decisions.However,due to the high moisture content,active endogenous enzymes,and rich nutrients in aquatic products,both fresh and processed products are highly susceptible to quality deterioration during procurement,distribution,and storage,which leads to a significant decline in sensory quality and nutritional value,while also compromising safety.Today,the consumption of high-quality aquatic products has become a prevailing trend.This paper reviewed the methods for freshness evaluation and quality grading of aquatic products in terms of sensory and nutritional aspects,aiming to support the market circulation principle of"higher price for better quality"and"price based on quality",and better meeting consumer demands.Therefore,it is imperative to enhance the analysis and evaluation of aquatic product quality and to continuously refine assessment systems and methods,which is crucial for promoting industry transformation and fostering a healthy market-consumer economic cycle.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to improve part of auto-control system of aquatic seedling breeding and to lay foundation for highly-efficient and stable use of the sys- tem. [Method] The executive and drive modules of the au...[Objective] The aim was to improve part of auto-control system of aquatic seedling breeding and to lay foundation for highly-efficient and stable use of the sys- tem. [Method] The executive and drive modules of the auto-control system were im- proved, after which real-time monitor, data display and alarm modules were tested on time. [Result] In the test, for the improved system, stability and sensitivity were enhanced; different components matched better; transmitting electric resistanc6 was reduced. [Conclusion] The research provides references for auto-control of water temperature and dissolved oxygen, and faults clearing in aquatic seedling breeding.展开更多
Mercury is an important pollutant,released into aquatic ecosystems both naturally and by anthropogenic action.This element is transferred to aquatic organisms in different ways,causing potential health risks.In additi...Mercury is an important pollutant,released into aquatic ecosystems both naturally and by anthropogenic action.This element is transferred to aquatic organisms in different ways,causing potential health risks.In addition,mercury can be accumulated by humans,especially through the consumption of contaminated food.This systematic review aims to present mercury pathways,the major routes through which this element reaches the aquatic environment and its transformations until becoming available to living animals,leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification phenomena.The key biotic and abiotic factors affecting such processes,the impact of mercury on animal and human health and the issue of seafood consumption as a source of chronic mercury contamination are also addressed.A total of 101 articles were retrieved from a standardized search on three databases(PubMed,Emabse,and Web of Science),in addition to 28 other studies not found on these databases but considered fundamental to this review(totaling 129 articles).Both biotic and abiotic factors display fundamental importance in mediating mercurial dynamics,i.e.,muscle tropism,and salinity,respectively.Consequently,mercurial contamination in aquatic environments affects animal health,especially the risk of extinction species and also on human health,with methylmercury the main mercury species responsible for acute and chronic symptomatology.展开更多
Under the indoor simulant conditions, toxic effects of crude-oil-contaminated soil which was put into aquatic environment on the young fishes Carassius auratus and their hepatic antioxidant system after a 20-d exposur...Under the indoor simulant conditions, toxic effects of crude-oil-contaminated soil which was put into aquatic environment on the young fishes Carassius auratus and their hepatic antioxidant system after a 20-d exposure were investigated. Results showed that the relationship between the mortality of C. auratus and the exposed doses could be divided into 3 phases： fishes exposed to the low dose groups （0.5-5.0 g/L） were dead due to the ingestion of crude-oil-contaminated soils in aquatic environment; at the medium dose groups （5.0-25.0 g/L） fishes were dead due to the penetration of toxic substances; at the high dose groups （25.0-50.0 g/L） fishes were dead due to environmental stress. The highest mortality and death speed were found in the 1.0 g/L dose group, and the death speed was sharply increased in the 50.0 g/L dose group in the late phase of exposure. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT） and glutathione S-transferase （GST） and the content of malaondialdehyde （MDA） in the hepatic tissues of C. auratus were induced significantly. The activity of SOD was increased and then decreased. It was significantly inhibited in the 50.0 g/L dose group. The activity of CAT was highly induced, and restored to a level which is little more than the control when the exposed doses exceeded 10.0 g/L. The activity of GST was the most sensitive, it was significantly induced in all dose groups, and the highest elevation was up to 6 times in the 0.5 g/L dose group comparing with the control. The MDA content was significantly elevated in the 50.0 g/L dose group, and the changes of the MDA content were opposite with the changes of GST activity.展开更多
The observation on biophoton emission, free radical and toxicity of benzene to zebra fish and carp hepatic microsome has demonstrated that there is the corresponding relationship between them by means of 60 Coγ radio...The observation on biophoton emission, free radical and toxicity of benzene to zebra fish and carp hepatic microsome has demonstrated that there is the corresponding relationship between them by means of 60 Coγ radiolysis. Free radicals play a key role in this relationship. A common photon originates of two biosystems are the excited species including singlet and triplet molecules (1O2 and C=0) as well as hydrocyclohexadienyl radical.OH and so on. OH, to a certain extent, directly participates in photon emission and toxicity of benzene to aquatic biosystems.These are the conclusions, but these are also problems. With the solution of the latters,model established in this work could be expected that it will be favorable for the development of photon-toxicology.展开更多
Microorganisms play a key role in aquatic ecosystems.Recent studies show that keystone taxa in microbial community could change the community structure and function.However,most previous studies focus on abundant taxa...Microorganisms play a key role in aquatic ecosystems.Recent studies show that keystone taxa in microbial community could change the community structure and function.However,most previous studies focus on abundant taxa but neglected low abundant ones.To clarify the seasonal variation of bacterial and microalgal communities and understand their synergistic adaptation to diff erent environmental factors,we studied the bacterial and eukaryotic phytoplankton communities in Fenhe River that runs through Taiyuan City,central China,and their seasonal co-occurrence patterns using 16S and 18S rDNA sequencing.Results indicate that positive interaction of eukaryotic phytoplankton network was more active than negative one except winter,indicating that the cooperation(symbiotic phenomenon in which phytoplankton are interdependent and mutually benefi cial)among them could improve the adaption of microbial community to the local environmental changes and maintain the stability of microbial network.The main genera that identifi ed as keystone taxa in bacterial network were Salinivibrio and Sphingopyxis of Proteobacteria and they could respond to the variation of nitrite and make use of it,while those that identifi ed as keystone taxa in eukaryotic phytoplankton network were Pseudoschroederia and Nannochloris,and they were more susceptible to nitrate and phosphate.Mychonastes and Cryptomonas were closely related to water temperature.However,the loss of the co-occurrence by environmental factor changes aff ected the stability of network structure.This study provided a reference for analyzing relationship between bacteria and eukaryotic phytoplankton and revealing potential importance of keystone taxa in similar ecological domains in carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus dynamics.展开更多
We examined changes in biomass and species dominance of periphyton in response to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) enrichment in 12 mesocosms representing eutrophic aquatic ecosystems. The 100-L mesocosms consisted of ...We examined changes in biomass and species dominance of periphyton in response to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) enrichment in 12 mesocosms representing eutrophic aquatic ecosystems. The 100-L mesocosms consisted of lake water and pond sediment, and N and P were applied weekly. Periphyton samples were taken to assess the biomass (as estimated by the concentration of chlorophyll a (chl a)) and to determine which species were dominant. The mean periphyton biomass (chl a) in the P-enriched treatment did not differ from that in the control group, but increased with N enrichment. Compared with that in the control group, the chl a concentration increased with N+P enrichment in the early stages of the experiment, but decreased in the later stages. The decline in periphyton biomass at the later stages of the experiment was due to limited light availability, which resulted from the increased phytoplankton density in the experiment. The nutrient enrichment treatments resulted in changes in the dominant algal species in the periphyton, suggesting that various algal species showed different responses to different nutrients. The results of this study have implications for nutrient management in aquatic ecosystems.展开更多
Aquatic ecosystems support a substantial source of the earth’s biological diversity. They are an essential reservoir and share an enormous proportion of earth’s biological productivity. Both aquatic resources and it...Aquatic ecosystems support a substantial source of the earth’s biological diversity. They are an essential reservoir and share an enormous proportion of earth’s biological productivity. Both aquatic resources and its biodiversity are interrelated to each other and they perform a myriad of functions and are valuable and essential for the sustainability of biotic communities. Aquatic biodiversity in both freshwater and marine environments are under continuous decline because of overexploitation of species, introduced exotic plant or animal, pollution sources from cities, industries and agricultural zones, loss and changes in ecological niche. Their conservation and management in the form of bio reserve points and bioregional management and worldwide monitoring are needed for the protection of the aquatic biodiversity. This review is presenting information on biodiversity in aquatic habitats and their resources, in marine and fresh water ecosystems, their importance conservation and restoration mechanisms.展开更多
The development of Chinese system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was summarized. The existing problem of the system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was analyzed. At last, some suggestions were...The development of Chinese system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was summarized. The existing problem of the system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was analyzed. At last, some suggestions were made on setting and implementing the system of aquat- ic environmental monitoring methods in China.展开更多
An experiment was conducted to investigate the response of periphyton biomass to addition of phosphorus (P) in an aquatic ecosystem dominated by submersed plants. Aquatic ecosystems dominated by Hydrilla verticillata ...An experiment was conducted to investigate the response of periphyton biomass to addition of phosphorus (P) in an aquatic ecosystem dominated by submersed plants. Aquatic ecosystems dominated by Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle and Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara were constructed in mesocosm aquaria. Mesocosms were dosed weekly with different P loads (0 μg/L/Week and 100 μg/L/Week) for 17 weeks. Total P (TP), total soluble P (TSP), and soluble reactive P (SRP) concentrations in the waters of mesocosms added with P were significantly higher as opposed to the unenriched control mesocosms. The biomass of the attached periphyton and the cover of floating periphyton remained abundant in P-unenriched control mesocosms throughout the test period with a TP, TSP, and SRP concentration ranging of 0.021 - 0.049 mg/L, 0.004 - 0.024 mg/L, and 0.003 - 0.018 mg/L, respectively. P addition caused the decline of attached periphyton biomass to a low level and loss of floating periphyton. Results indicate that P enrichment in an aquatic ecosystem dominated by submersed plants could reduce attached periphyton biomass and eliminate floating periphyton. The research would be useful to maintain periphyton by reducing excessive P in aquatic ecosystem dominated by submersed plants.展开更多
LAS degradation rate in Donghu Lake water under aerobic was much faster than under anaerobic condition . The half life of LAS in aerobic and anaerobic environment was 3.2 days and 57 days, respectively . The degradati...LAS degradation rate in Donghu Lake water under aerobic was much faster than under anaerobic condition . The half life of LAS in aerobic and anaerobic environment was 3.2 days and 57 days, respectively . The degradation rate at 25-27℃was approximately 20 times higher than that at 1.5-3.5℃.In a laboratory model aquatic ecosystem, two stages of bioconcentration in fish , daphnia and snail were observed . The first stage , on second day exposure , resulted from accumulation of intact LAS , and the second stage , on 16th day exposure , was due to metabolites . The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of LAS was extremely low in the muscle of hybrid carp (0.64), but rather high (2485) in the gall bladder .展开更多
Swarm robotics in maritime engineering is a promising approach characterized by large numbers of relatively small and inexpensive autonomous aquatic crafts (AACs) to monitor marine environments. Compared with a single...Swarm robotics in maritime engineering is a promising approach characterized by large numbers of relatively small and inexpensive autonomous aquatic crafts (AACs) to monitor marine environments. Compared with a single, large aquatic manned or unmanned surface vehicle, a highly distributed aquatic swarm system with several AACs features advantages in numerous real-world maritime missions, and its natural potential is qualified for new classes of tasks that uniformly feature low cost and high efficiency through time. This article develops an inexpensive AAC based on an embedded-systemcompanion computer and open-source autopilot, providing a verification platform for education and research on swarm algorithm on water surfaces. A topology communication network, including an inner communication network to exchange information among AACs and an external communication network for monitoring the state of the AAC Swarm System (AACSS), was designed based on the topology built into the Xbee units for the AACSS. In the emergence control network, the transmitter and receiver were coupled to distribute or recover the AAC. The swarm motion behaviors in AAC were resolved into the capabilities of go-to-waypoint and path following, which can be accomplished by two uncoupled controllers: speed controller and heading controller. The good performance of velocity and heading controllers in go-to-waypoint was proven in a series of simulations. Path following was achieved by tracking a set of ordered waypoints in the go-to-waypoint. Finally, a sea trial conducted at the China National Deep Sea Center successfully demonstrated the motion capability of the AAC. The sea trial results showed that the AAC is suited to carry out environmental monitoring tasks by efficiently covering the desired path, allowing for redundancy in the data collection process and tolerating the individual AACs’ path-following offset caused by winds and waves.展开更多
Gaobeidian Lake,located in Beijing,China,serves as a recipient lake for efluents from a large municipal sewage treatment plant(MSTP).In order to evaluate the effects of discharging MSTP efluent on the mercury contamin...Gaobeidian Lake,located in Beijing,China,serves as a recipient lake for efluents from a large municipal sewage treatment plant(MSTP).In order to evaluate the effects of discharging MSTP efluent on the mercury contamination of the local aquatic ecosystem,sediment cores,water,plankton,fish,and turtle samples were collected from Gaobeidian Lake for mercury speciation analysis.High concentrations of total mercury(T-Hg)were detected in sediment cores(5.24–17.0μg/g dry weight(dw),average:10.1μg/g).The ratio of methylmercury(MeHg)to T-Hg was less than 0.3%in sediments and ranged from 35%to 76%in biota samples.The highest level of T-Hg and MeHg were found in aquatic bryophyte and crucian carp(3673 and 437 ng/g dw,respectively).The relative contents of MeHg were significantly correlated with trophic levels(R2=0.5506,p 0.001),which confirmed that MeHg can be bio-transferred and biomagnified via food chain in this aquatic ecosystem.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51479034,5151101102)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2242016R30008)
文摘The migration and dissolution of AgNPs in an aquatic system with plants was investigated.By using a hydroponic system with Eichhornia crassipes,the absorption and transportation processes of silver nanoparticles were investigated.The results show that AgNPs concentrations in the water phase declined with the increase in time,and the reduction degree was dependent on the initial concentrations of AgNPs.The silver concentrations in the roots(r=0.98,p<0.05),stems and leaves(r=1,p<0.001)were significantly positively correlated with the initial concentrations of AgNPs.Silver nanoparticles accumulated in plant roots more than stems and leaves.Compared with the addition of AgNO 3 at identical concentrations,lower removal rates of silver and plant uptake were observed in the AgNPs stress systems.A significant positive correlation was also found between the initial AgNPs concentrations and the removed amount of silver(r=0.99,p<0.001).For AgNPs,the primary removal mechanisms in these aquatic systems were agglomeration and sedimentation,while the absorption by plants had a relatively weak contribution.
文摘Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and Iron (Fe) are important nutrients for phytoplankton, and they are the key limiting nutrients in many marine systems. In the present study, growth and protein expression of marine phytoplankton Prymnesium parvum under different nitrate, phosphate and iron conditions were investigated in order to evaluate whether proteins and their expression level could be used as biomarkers of N, P, and Fe conditions in aquatic systems. The growth of P. parvum increased with the increase of nitrate, phosphate and iron concentrations in the culture medium. Protein expression levels also differed significantly (p < 0.001) for different nitrate, phosphate and iron conditions in the culture medium. The expression level of an 83 kDa protein at 0 and 5 μM nitrate treatments differed significantly (p < 0.001) from those at 20, 30, 50 and 100 μM nitrate treatments, indicating the expression levels of this protein as a biomarker of N status in the culture medium. A 121 kDa protein was up-regulated at phosphate stress conditions ([P] ≤ 1.0 μM), while this protein was not expressed at phosphate replete conditions ([P] ≥ 5 μM). Therefore, the expression of 121 kDa protein in P. parvum is indicative of phosphate deplete condition in aquatic systems. The expression level of a 42 kDa was significantly higher (p < 0.01) at Fe-stress condition ([Fe] = 0.01 μM) than Fe-replete conditions ([Fe] ≥ 0.1 μM). In addition, a new protein of 103 kDa was only expressed under Fe-deplete condition ([Fe] = 0.01 μM). Therefore, the 42 and 103 kDa proteins can be used as a biomarker of Fe-limitation condition of aquatic systems. However, further studies (two dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry) are needed to identify and characterize these proteins in P. parvum.
文摘The present study conducted in the town of Ombessa aims to assess the influence of abiotic factors on the abundance dynamics and antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis isolated from some aquatic systems from February to July 2022, monthly samples were taken at 10 water points used by the population (8 groundwater points and 2 surface water points). Samples were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, electrical conductivity. Bacteriological variables such as BHAM, E. coli and E. faecalis abundances were also assessed. Antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli and E. faecalis was assessed using 06 antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion disk method. The results show that bacterial abundances were the highest in surface waters. Bacterial densities were the highest in May and the lowest in February. The average densities recorded were 3845 CFU/100mL for BHAM, 380 CFU/100mL for E. coli and 14 CFU/100mL for E. faecalis in groundwater;and 8583 CFU/100mL for BHAM, 6878 CFU/100mL for E. coli and 812 CFU/100mL for E. faecalis in surface water. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that these bacterial species are sensitive to Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Azithromycin and Ciprofloxacin. They are all resistant to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, E. coli is resistant to Doxycycline and E. faecalis has an intermediate sensitivity to Gentamicin. Overall, the Multiresistance to Antibiotics (MRA) indices obtained were above 0.2, indicating the presence of multidrug resistance in bacterial communities. The physico-chemical properties of the water varied over time and space, but on the whole remained below the threshold values of WHO guidelines. The degree of linkage between abiotic water variables and bacteriological parameters has shown that bacterial densities are more abundant in rainy seasons and increased O2 levels favor bacterial growth, while TSS, CO2 and dissolved nitrate levels affect the sensitivity of these bacterial species to antibiotics.
基金the framework of the IGC SB RAS project(No.0284-2021-0003)supported by the RFFR ofi_m project(No.17-29-05022).
文摘Several conjugate components represent the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Baikal:Baikal water(surface and deep water),groundwater from boreholes,water of numerous Baikal tributaries,cold and hot mineral springs around Lake Baikal,and the Angara River,the only runoff reflecting all this aquatic diversity.River waters in the Baikal region are known to be deficient in some vital elements,including fluorine.This article discusses the features of the fluorine distribution in the water from the conjugate components of the Baikal ecosystem.Fluorine ion concentrations in the water of the Baikal ecosystem was determined using the potentiometric method.The study represents the monitoring that was carried out between 1997 and 2022 years.We determine likely causes of high and low fluorine concentrations in the water from different components,propose and substantiate the fluorine sources,geological and geochemical model of its influx and distribution features in the water of the Baikal ecosystem.
文摘Emerging contaminants,such as pharmaceuticals,pesticides,microplastics,and per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS),pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence,bioaccumulative nature,and ecological toxicity.This mini-review examines their major sources,including industrial effluents,urban runoff,and landfill leachate,and highlights their detrimental impacts on aquatic biodiversity and human health.By synthesizing current research,the review emphasizes the urgent need for improved monitoring,regulatory interventions,and innovative mitigation strategies.It provides a concise overview to guide future research and inform policies aimed at safeguarding aquatic ecosystems and public health.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘This study establishes and validates a method for the precise quantification of aquatic microbial loads using microbial diversity absolute quantitative sequencing.By adding synthetic spike-in DNA to water samples from the Dahei River prior to DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing,it generates standard curves to convert sequencing data into absolute microbial copy numbers.The method,which is proved highly accurate(R^(2)>0.99),reveals a clear contrast between the river sites:the upstream community has not only a significantly higher total microbial load but also a completely different makeup of species compared to the downstream site.This approach effectively overcomes the limitations of relative abundance analysis,providing a powerful tool for environmental monitoring,and proposes key steps for future standardization to ensure data comparability and integration.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (Harbin Institute of Technology) (No.2022TS13)the key projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.2019YFC0408503)the Key Research Program of Wuhan (No.2022022202015015)。
文摘Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) are recognized as a primary threat to the sustainability of environment and human health in the 21^(st) century.Nanomaterials(NMs) have attracted substantial attention due to their unique dimensions and structures.Unfortunately,emerging evidence suggests that NMs may facilitate the transmission of ARGs.It is crucial to elucidate how NMs affect the evolution and dissemination of ARGs.The current review comprehensively examines the role of NMs in the widespread transmission of ARGs in aquatic environments and the underlying mechanisms involved in the process.It aims to clarify the effects and mechanisms of NMs on the horizontal gene transfer processes that are associated with ARGs,including the enhancement of cell membrane permeability,the formation of nanopores on membranes,promotion of mutagenesis,and the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROSs).Furthermore,the trade-off between the removal of ARGs and horizontal transfer has been elucidated.The review aspires to guide future research directions,advance knowledge on the implications of NMs in the field of ARGs' transmission,and provide a theoretical foundation for the development of safer and more effective applications of NMs.
基金Supported by Tangshan Talent Funding Project in 2025(B202304018).
文摘With the improvement of living standards and the shift in societal consumption attitudes,consumers demand for the quality of aquatic products is increasingly stringent.Freshness and quality have become primary factors determining consumers purchasing decisions.However,due to the high moisture content,active endogenous enzymes,and rich nutrients in aquatic products,both fresh and processed products are highly susceptible to quality deterioration during procurement,distribution,and storage,which leads to a significant decline in sensory quality and nutritional value,while also compromising safety.Today,the consumption of high-quality aquatic products has become a prevailing trend.This paper reviewed the methods for freshness evaluation and quality grading of aquatic products in terms of sensory and nutritional aspects,aiming to support the market circulation principle of"higher price for better quality"and"price based on quality",and better meeting consumer demands.Therefore,it is imperative to enhance the analysis and evaluation of aquatic product quality and to continuously refine assessment systems and methods,which is crucial for promoting industry transformation and fostering a healthy market-consumer economic cycle.
文摘[Objective] The aim was to improve part of auto-control system of aquatic seedling breeding and to lay foundation for highly-efficient and stable use of the sys- tem. [Method] The executive and drive modules of the auto-control system were im- proved, after which real-time monitor, data display and alarm modules were tested on time. [Result] In the test, for the improved system, stability and sensitivity were enhanced; different components matched better; transmitting electric resistanc6 was reduced. [Conclusion] The research provides references for auto-control of water temperature and dissolved oxygen, and faults clearing in aquatic seedling breeding.
基金the financial support provided by the Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro-Brasil(FAPERJ),grant number E-26/203.049/2017the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-Brasil(CNPq),grant number 311422/2016-0the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brasil(CAPES)-Finance Code 001,for Paloma Rodrigues’s scholarship
文摘Mercury is an important pollutant,released into aquatic ecosystems both naturally and by anthropogenic action.This element is transferred to aquatic organisms in different ways,causing potential health risks.In addition,mercury can be accumulated by humans,especially through the consumption of contaminated food.This systematic review aims to present mercury pathways,the major routes through which this element reaches the aquatic environment and its transformations until becoming available to living animals,leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification phenomena.The key biotic and abiotic factors affecting such processes,the impact of mercury on animal and human health and the issue of seafood consumption as a source of chronic mercury contamination are also addressed.A total of 101 articles were retrieved from a standardized search on three databases(PubMed,Emabse,and Web of Science),in addition to 28 other studies not found on these databases but considered fundamental to this review(totaling 129 articles).Both biotic and abiotic factors display fundamental importance in mediating mercurial dynamics,i.e.,muscle tropism,and salinity,respectively.Consequently,mercurial contamination in aquatic environments affects animal health,especially the risk of extinction species and also on human health,with methylmercury the main mercury species responsible for acute and chronic symptomatology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20777040)the Hi-TechResearch and Development Program (863) of China (No.2007AA061201).
文摘Under the indoor simulant conditions, toxic effects of crude-oil-contaminated soil which was put into aquatic environment on the young fishes Carassius auratus and their hepatic antioxidant system after a 20-d exposure were investigated. Results showed that the relationship between the mortality of C. auratus and the exposed doses could be divided into 3 phases： fishes exposed to the low dose groups （0.5-5.0 g/L） were dead due to the ingestion of crude-oil-contaminated soils in aquatic environment; at the medium dose groups （5.0-25.0 g/L） fishes were dead due to the penetration of toxic substances; at the high dose groups （25.0-50.0 g/L） fishes were dead due to environmental stress. The highest mortality and death speed were found in the 1.0 g/L dose group, and the death speed was sharply increased in the 50.0 g/L dose group in the late phase of exposure. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT） and glutathione S-transferase （GST） and the content of malaondialdehyde （MDA） in the hepatic tissues of C. auratus were induced significantly. The activity of SOD was increased and then decreased. It was significantly inhibited in the 50.0 g/L dose group. The activity of CAT was highly induced, and restored to a level which is little more than the control when the exposed doses exceeded 10.0 g/L. The activity of GST was the most sensitive, it was significantly induced in all dose groups, and the highest elevation was up to 6 times in the 0.5 g/L dose group comparing with the control. The MDA content was significantly elevated in the 50.0 g/L dose group, and the changes of the MDA content were opposite with the changes of GST activity.
文摘The observation on biophoton emission, free radical and toxicity of benzene to zebra fish and carp hepatic microsome has demonstrated that there is the corresponding relationship between them by means of 60 Coγ radiolysis. Free radicals play a key role in this relationship. A common photon originates of two biosystems are the excited species including singlet and triplet molecules (1O2 and C=0) as well as hydrocyclohexadienyl radical.OH and so on. OH, to a certain extent, directly participates in photon emission and toxicity of benzene to aquatic biosystems.These are the conclusions, but these are also problems. With the solution of the latters,model established in this work could be expected that it will be favorable for the development of photon-toxicology.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31770223)the Excellent Achievement Cultivation Project of Higher Education in Shanxi(No.2020KJ029)the Scientifi c and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(No.2019L0778)。
文摘Microorganisms play a key role in aquatic ecosystems.Recent studies show that keystone taxa in microbial community could change the community structure and function.However,most previous studies focus on abundant taxa but neglected low abundant ones.To clarify the seasonal variation of bacterial and microalgal communities and understand their synergistic adaptation to diff erent environmental factors,we studied the bacterial and eukaryotic phytoplankton communities in Fenhe River that runs through Taiyuan City,central China,and their seasonal co-occurrence patterns using 16S and 18S rDNA sequencing.Results indicate that positive interaction of eukaryotic phytoplankton network was more active than negative one except winter,indicating that the cooperation(symbiotic phenomenon in which phytoplankton are interdependent and mutually benefi cial)among them could improve the adaption of microbial community to the local environmental changes and maintain the stability of microbial network.The main genera that identifi ed as keystone taxa in bacterial network were Salinivibrio and Sphingopyxis of Proteobacteria and they could respond to the variation of nitrite and make use of it,while those that identifi ed as keystone taxa in eukaryotic phytoplankton network were Pseudoschroederia and Nannochloris,and they were more susceptible to nitrate and phosphate.Mychonastes and Cryptomonas were closely related to water temperature.However,the loss of the co-occurrence by environmental factor changes aff ected the stability of network structure.This study provided a reference for analyzing relationship between bacteria and eukaryotic phytoplankton and revealing potential importance of keystone taxa in similar ecological domains in carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus dynamics.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31100339)the Special Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2012T50494)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2008CB418104)
文摘We examined changes in biomass and species dominance of periphyton in response to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) enrichment in 12 mesocosms representing eutrophic aquatic ecosystems. The 100-L mesocosms consisted of lake water and pond sediment, and N and P were applied weekly. Periphyton samples were taken to assess the biomass (as estimated by the concentration of chlorophyll a (chl a)) and to determine which species were dominant. The mean periphyton biomass (chl a) in the P-enriched treatment did not differ from that in the control group, but increased with N enrichment. Compared with that in the control group, the chl a concentration increased with N+P enrichment in the early stages of the experiment, but decreased in the later stages. The decline in periphyton biomass at the later stages of the experiment was due to limited light availability, which resulted from the increased phytoplankton density in the experiment. The nutrient enrichment treatments resulted in changes in the dominant algal species in the periphyton, suggesting that various algal species showed different responses to different nutrients. The results of this study have implications for nutrient management in aquatic ecosystems.
文摘Aquatic ecosystems support a substantial source of the earth’s biological diversity. They are an essential reservoir and share an enormous proportion of earth’s biological productivity. Both aquatic resources and its biodiversity are interrelated to each other and they perform a myriad of functions and are valuable and essential for the sustainability of biotic communities. Aquatic biodiversity in both freshwater and marine environments are under continuous decline because of overexploitation of species, introduced exotic plant or animal, pollution sources from cities, industries and agricultural zones, loss and changes in ecological niche. Their conservation and management in the form of bio reserve points and bioregional management and worldwide monitoring are needed for the protection of the aquatic biodiversity. This review is presenting information on biodiversity in aquatic habitats and their resources, in marine and fresh water ecosystems, their importance conservation and restoration mechanisms.
基金Supported by Study on Water Environment Quality Monitoring Technological Method (2009ZX07527-001)Chongqing Natural Science Fund (CSTC,2009B137391)
文摘The development of Chinese system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was summarized. The existing problem of the system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was analyzed. At last, some suggestions were made on setting and implementing the system of aquat- ic environmental monitoring methods in China.
文摘An experiment was conducted to investigate the response of periphyton biomass to addition of phosphorus (P) in an aquatic ecosystem dominated by submersed plants. Aquatic ecosystems dominated by Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle and Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara were constructed in mesocosm aquaria. Mesocosms were dosed weekly with different P loads (0 μg/L/Week and 100 μg/L/Week) for 17 weeks. Total P (TP), total soluble P (TSP), and soluble reactive P (SRP) concentrations in the waters of mesocosms added with P were significantly higher as opposed to the unenriched control mesocosms. The biomass of the attached periphyton and the cover of floating periphyton remained abundant in P-unenriched control mesocosms throughout the test period with a TP, TSP, and SRP concentration ranging of 0.021 - 0.049 mg/L, 0.004 - 0.024 mg/L, and 0.003 - 0.018 mg/L, respectively. P addition caused the decline of attached periphyton biomass to a low level and loss of floating periphyton. Results indicate that P enrichment in an aquatic ecosystem dominated by submersed plants could reduce attached periphyton biomass and eliminate floating periphyton. The research would be useful to maintain periphyton by reducing excessive P in aquatic ecosystem dominated by submersed plants.
基金This cooperation project between the Institute of Hydrobiology,Acadcmia Sinica,Wuhan,P.R. China and Institut fur Okologische Chemic der Gesellschafi fur Strahlen und Umweltforschung,F.R.Germany.was supported by the Natural Science Foundation P.R.China an
文摘LAS degradation rate in Donghu Lake water under aerobic was much faster than under anaerobic condition . The half life of LAS in aerobic and anaerobic environment was 3.2 days and 57 days, respectively . The degradation rate at 25-27℃was approximately 20 times higher than that at 1.5-3.5℃.In a laboratory model aquatic ecosystem, two stages of bioconcentration in fish , daphnia and snail were observed . The first stage , on second day exposure , resulted from accumulation of intact LAS , and the second stage , on 16th day exposure , was due to metabolites . The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of LAS was extremely low in the muscle of hybrid carp (0.64), but rather high (2485) in the gall bladder .
文摘Swarm robotics in maritime engineering is a promising approach characterized by large numbers of relatively small and inexpensive autonomous aquatic crafts (AACs) to monitor marine environments. Compared with a single, large aquatic manned or unmanned surface vehicle, a highly distributed aquatic swarm system with several AACs features advantages in numerous real-world maritime missions, and its natural potential is qualified for new classes of tasks that uniformly feature low cost and high efficiency through time. This article develops an inexpensive AAC based on an embedded-systemcompanion computer and open-source autopilot, providing a verification platform for education and research on swarm algorithm on water surfaces. A topology communication network, including an inner communication network to exchange information among AACs and an external communication network for monitoring the state of the AAC Swarm System (AACSS), was designed based on the topology built into the Xbee units for the AACSS. In the emergence control network, the transmitter and receiver were coupled to distribute or recover the AAC. The swarm motion behaviors in AAC were resolved into the capabilities of go-to-waypoint and path following, which can be accomplished by two uncoupled controllers: speed controller and heading controller. The good performance of velocity and heading controllers in go-to-waypoint was proven in a series of simulations. Path following was achieved by tracking a set of ordered waypoints in the go-to-waypoint. Finally, a sea trial conducted at the China National Deep Sea Center successfully demonstrated the motion capability of the AAC. The sea trial results showed that the AAC is suited to carry out environmental monitoring tasks by efficiently covering the desired path, allowing for redundancy in the data collection process and tolerating the individual AACs’ path-following offset caused by winds and waves.
基金supported by the ChineseAcademy of Sciences(No kzcx1-yw-06-03,KJCX2-YW-H04)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No 20707033)
文摘Gaobeidian Lake,located in Beijing,China,serves as a recipient lake for efluents from a large municipal sewage treatment plant(MSTP).In order to evaluate the effects of discharging MSTP efluent on the mercury contamination of the local aquatic ecosystem,sediment cores,water,plankton,fish,and turtle samples were collected from Gaobeidian Lake for mercury speciation analysis.High concentrations of total mercury(T-Hg)were detected in sediment cores(5.24–17.0μg/g dry weight(dw),average:10.1μg/g).The ratio of methylmercury(MeHg)to T-Hg was less than 0.3%in sediments and ranged from 35%to 76%in biota samples.The highest level of T-Hg and MeHg were found in aquatic bryophyte and crucian carp(3673 and 437 ng/g dw,respectively).The relative contents of MeHg were significantly correlated with trophic levels(R2=0.5506,p 0.001),which confirmed that MeHg can be bio-transferred and biomagnified via food chain in this aquatic ecosystem.
