This study establishes and validates a method for the precise quantification of aquatic microbial loads using microbial diversity absolute quantitative sequencing.By adding synthetic spike-in DNA to water samples from...This study establishes and validates a method for the precise quantification of aquatic microbial loads using microbial diversity absolute quantitative sequencing.By adding synthetic spike-in DNA to water samples from the Dahei River prior to DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing,it generates standard curves to convert sequencing data into absolute microbial copy numbers.The method,which is proved highly accurate(R^(2)>0.99),reveals a clear contrast between the river sites:the upstream community has not only a significantly higher total microbial load but also a completely different makeup of species compared to the downstream site.This approach effectively overcomes the limitations of relative abundance analysis,providing a powerful tool for environmental monitoring,and proposes key steps for future standardization to ensure data comparability and integration.展开更多
Several conjugate components represent the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Baikal:Baikal water(surface and deep water),groundwater from boreholes,water of numerous Baikal tributaries,cold and hot mineral springs around Lake...Several conjugate components represent the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Baikal:Baikal water(surface and deep water),groundwater from boreholes,water of numerous Baikal tributaries,cold and hot mineral springs around Lake Baikal,and the Angara River,the only runoff reflecting all this aquatic diversity.River waters in the Baikal region are known to be deficient in some vital elements,including fluorine.This article discusses the features of the fluorine distribution in the water from the conjugate components of the Baikal ecosystem.Fluorine ion concentrations in the water of the Baikal ecosystem was determined using the potentiometric method.The study represents the monitoring that was carried out between 1997 and 2022 years.We determine likely causes of high and low fluorine concentrations in the water from different components,propose and substantiate the fluorine sources,geological and geochemical model of its influx and distribution features in the water of the Baikal ecosystem.展开更多
One of the crucial elements that is directly tied to the quality of living organisms is the quality of the water.How-ever,water quality has been adversely affected by plastic pollution,a global environmental disaster ...One of the crucial elements that is directly tied to the quality of living organisms is the quality of the water.How-ever,water quality has been adversely affected by plastic pollution,a global environmental disaster that has an effect on aquatic life,wildlife,and human health.To prevent these effects,better monitoring,detection,characterisation,quanti-fication,and tracking of aquatic plastic pollution at regional and global scales is urgently needed.Remote sensing tech-nology is regarded as a useful technique,as it offers a promising new and less labour-intensive tool for the detection,quantification,and characterisation of aquatic plastic pollution.The study seeks to supplement to the body of scientific literature by compiling original data on the monitoring of plastic pollution in aquatic environments using remote sensing technology,which can function as a cost saving method for water pollution and risk management in developing nations.This article provides a profound analysis of plastic pollution,including its categories,sources,distribution,chemical properties,and potential risks.It also provides an in-depth review of remote sensing technologies,satellite-derived in-dices,and research trends related to their applicability.Additionally,the study clarifies the difficulties in using remote sensing technologies for aquatic plastic monitoring and practical ways to reduce aquatic plastic pollution.The study will improve the understanding of aquatic plastic pollution,health hazards,and the suitability of remote sensing technology for aquatic plastic contamination monitoring studies among researchers and interested parties.展开更多
Co-exposure of pharmaceuticals and microplastics(MPs)significantly exacerbates the aquatic environmental pollution issue.While MPs are identified as carriers of pollutants,research on the adsorption behaviors of biode...Co-exposure of pharmaceuticals and microplastics(MPs)significantly exacerbates the aquatic environmental pollution issue.While MPs are identified as carriers of pollutants,research on the adsorption behaviors of biodegradable and conventional MPs to pharmaceuticals limited.The study investigated the adsorption behavior of conventional MPs(polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate),biodegradable MPs polylactic acid(PLA)and polybutylene succinate(PBS)for sulfamethoxazole(SMX).Meanwhile,changes in physicalchemical properties,including morphology,crystallinity,hydrophobicity and structures of MPs after aging(e.g.,ultraviolet treatment)were investigated.Results exhibited that the oxygen-containing functional groups of MPs surface increased after ultraviolet treatment and enhanced the adsorption capacity for SMX,except for PLA.PLA exhibits the highest adsorption capacity,primarily due to its higher hydrophobicity and larger pore size.In contrast,PBS shows the lowest adsorption affinity for SMX because of its hydrophilicity and small pore size.The adsorption capacity of degradable MPs after aging is greater than that of non-degradable MPs.Electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction are the main mechanisms of adsorption of virgin MPs,while hydrogen bond interaction and electrostatic interaction are the primary adsorption mechanisms for aged MPs.These results contribute to understanding the co-transport and migration of SMX and MPs in the environment,and furnish the necessary data for their ecological risk assessment.展开更多
Emerging contaminants,such as pharmaceuticals,pesticides,microplastics,and per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS),pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence,bioaccumulative nature,and e...Emerging contaminants,such as pharmaceuticals,pesticides,microplastics,and per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS),pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence,bioaccumulative nature,and ecological toxicity.This mini-review examines their major sources,including industrial effluents,urban runoff,and landfill leachate,and highlights their detrimental impacts on aquatic biodiversity and human health.By synthesizing current research,the review emphasizes the urgent need for improved monitoring,regulatory interventions,and innovative mitigation strategies.It provides a concise overview to guide future research and inform policies aimed at safeguarding aquatic ecosystems and public health.展开更多
Persistent halogenated organic pollutants(HOPs)are globally concerned owing to their persistence,bioaccumulation,and potential toxicity to aquatic organisms.The trophic transfer of HOPs can affect their toxic effects ...Persistent halogenated organic pollutants(HOPs)are globally concerned owing to their persistence,bioaccumulation,and potential toxicity to aquatic organisms.The trophic transfer of HOPs can affect their toxic effects on both humans and ecosystems.Previous studies mostly focused on HOPs biomagnification within specific regional or ecosystem contexts,however,the variation in trophicmagnification factors(TMFs)among different HOPs across a spectrum of diverse aquatic systems globally remains unclear.By collating literatures encompassing TMFs of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),or perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs)along invertebrate–fish food webs on a global scale,our analysis revealed that Asia,North America,and Europe exhibited the highest pollution levels of HOPs.PCBs were found to have the highest trophicmagnification capability(TMF=3.14),followed by PBDEs(TMF=2.48)and PFAAs(TMF=1.97).TMF values and the probability of TMF exceeding 1 for PCB,PBDE and PFAA congeners showed a parabolic relationship with halogenation degree and carbon chain length.Specifically,PCBswith 6 chlorines,PBDEs with 5 bromines,and PFAAs with 12 carbons exhibited maximum trophic transfer capability and potential along food webs.Fractionation of PCBs and PFAAs was observed,with the proportions of higher chlorination degree and longer chain PFAAs increasing while the others decreased with trophic levels.Surprisingly,we also found a positive relationship between site latitude and TMF values of HOP congeners.This study provides a valuable basis for gauging ecological and health risks of HOPs,facilitating the development of robust standards for aquatic environment management.展开更多
[Objectives]To extract and purify perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)from aquatic products and determine the optimal pretreatment conditions.[Methods]The QuEChERS method was employed for the extraction...[Objectives]To extract and purify perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)from aquatic products and determine the optimal pretreatment conditions.[Methods]The QuEChERS method was employed for the extraction and purification of PFAS in aquatic products.The detection of PFAS was carried out using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)in ESI negative ion mode with multiple reaction monitoring(MRM),and quantification was performed using the external standard method.By optimizing instrument parameters such as ion source temperature,spray voltage,and collision energy,high selectivity and sensitivity of the detection were ensured.[Results]The established calibration curves for 28 PFAS compounds compounds,covering a range of 0.02 to 20 ng/mL,demonstrated excellent linearity.Spike recovery tests yielded limits of detection(LOD)between 0.02 and 0.5μg/kg for the 28 PFAS compounds compounds,with recovery rates ranging from 72.2%to 113.0%.[Conclusions]The method established in this study demonstrates excellent linearity,and is accurate,reliable,efficient,simple,and rapid.It possesses considerable practical applicability and can be used for the quality and risk assessment of 28 PFAS compounds compounds in aquatic products,indicating high practical utility.展开更多
Maintaining beneficial, native plant structure and diversity while reducing invasive, nuisance species dominance is an important management domain for natural resource managers. One such vegetation component in North ...Maintaining beneficial, native plant structure and diversity while reducing invasive, nuisance species dominance is an important management domain for natural resource managers. One such vegetation component in North American lakes and reservoirs is submerged aquatic vegetation—a valuable aquatic resource which serves as productive habitat for fish, aquatic macroinvertebrates, and other wildlife. Reservoirs in the southern parts of the United States have experienced varying aquatic plant dominance dynamics due to historical water resource management actions, including drawdowns and introduction of herbivorous fish for the purpose of controlling invasive aquatic vegetation. Some of these management options have also been detrimental to native submerged aquatic vegetation. This paper explores an adaptive management research effort by installing herbivore-protected, fenced-pen submerged aquatic vegetation sites in a high-herbivore reservoir to determine effectiveness of protecting habitat and serving as founder colony sources for propagule spread. Four experimental sites with three management treatments each were planted with American eelgrass. Each site utilized one un-fenced treatment and two treatments with varying mesh sizes for protective fencing-pens. Site integrity, species survival and spread, and grazing were documented. One additional site was installed and planted with other native submerged aquatic vegetation species for nominal species performance descriptions. No plants survived unprotected in the high-herbivore system and plants, in general, performed consistently better within the smaller mesh size. These test planting results were ultimately used to inform adaptive management decision making for plant installation and expansion designs for managing reservoirs invested with Hydrilla, considered one of the most serious invasive aquatic plants in the United States.展开更多
[Objective] To study the purification effect of plant community on wetland water environment in Hongze Lake, and to provide references to the ecological restoration of this area. [Methed] The typical lakeside zone of ...[Objective] To study the purification effect of plant community on wetland water environment in Hongze Lake, and to provide references to the ecological restoration of this area. [Methed] The typical lakeside zone of Hongze Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve was taken as the study area. Through the field survey based on environmental characteristics of aquatic areas and non-aquatic areas, combined with laboratory test, the content changes of nutrients （N and P）, COD （chemical oxygen demand） and SD （transparency） levels in the water body of lake wetland were measured; the purification effect of the lake wetland ecosystem in the growth process of aquatic vegetation was quantitatively analyzed, and possible influ- encing factors were discussed. [Result] Aquatic vegetation could remove the TN, TP, COD, Chla in wetland water environment and had obvious effects on the changes of SD content. Competition between aquatic plants can inhibit the growth of algae and relieve the eutrophication of water body. [Conclusion] This study provided theoretical basis for ecological restoration and enhancement of self-purification capability in the lakeside zone of Hongze Lake.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study effects of aquatic plants on resuspen- sion of sediment in Lake Taihu. [Method] New resuspension simulator was used in the research. Elodea nuttalli, submerged plant, and Phragmites au...[Objective] The aim was to study effects of aquatic plants on resuspen- sion of sediment in Lake Taihu. [Method] New resuspension simulator was used in the research. Elodea nuttalli, submerged plant, and Phragmites australis, emergent aquatic plant, were grown in substrate sludge with varied planting density set. Study of simulation experiment on the feature of sediment resuspension was carried on under shearing stress of 0.2-0.5 N/m2 and agitation of 1-30 min. [Result] Aquatic plant growing would effectively reduce seston concentration in water. Concentrations of final Suspended Particulate Matter （SPM） in experimental groups and control groups were as follows： water without plant〉coverage of 30% of Elodea nuttalli〉cov- erage of 60% of Elodea nuttalli〉Phragmites australis with concentration of 50 stock/m2〉 coverage of 90% of Elodea nuttalli〉Phragmites australis with concentration of 80 stock/m2〉Phragmites australis with concentration of 150 stock/m2; SPM concentration showed a tendency from increasing to stable with change of stirring time under dif- ferent shearing stresses： SPM concentration was of severe change at early stage in barrel without aquatic plant while change of SPM concentration in barrel with aquatic plant was quite mild and grew smaller with concentration increasing; SPM concentration was reduced much more if Phragmites australis planted compared with that of Elodea nuttalli; under different shearing stresses, reduction of SPM concen- tration by increase of Phragmites australis area was much more than by increase of Elodea nuttalli area. [Conclusion] It would provide powerful scientific reference for control on aquatic environment through comprehensive research on the feature of sediment resuspension.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to improve part of auto-control system of aquatic seedling breeding and to lay foundation for highly-efficient and stable use of the sys- tem. [Method] The executive and drive modules of the au...[Objective] The aim was to improve part of auto-control system of aquatic seedling breeding and to lay foundation for highly-efficient and stable use of the sys- tem. [Method] The executive and drive modules of the auto-control system were im- proved, after which real-time monitor, data display and alarm modules were tested on time. [Result] In the test, for the improved system, stability and sensitivity were enhanced; different components matched better; transmitting electric resistanc6 was reduced. [Conclusion] The research provides references for auto-control of water temperature and dissolved oxygen, and faults clearing in aquatic seedling breeding.展开更多
For purifying raw water for tap water treatment, the aquatic vegetable bed （AVB） experiment has been carded out in a hypertrophic waterfront of Taihu Lake, China. The average removal rates of total microcystin-RR an...For purifying raw water for tap water treatment, the aquatic vegetable bed （AVB） experiment has been carded out in a hypertrophic waterfront of Taihu Lake, China. The average removal rates of total microcystin-RR and microcystin-LR are 63.0% and 66. 7%, respectively. Experiments indicate that lpomoea aquatica can absorb microcystin by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, and the roots absorb more toxins than leaves and stems. Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） is used to analyze the density of microcystin degrading bacteria in the AVB sediment. Two species of microcystin degrading bacteria are detected, which indicate that microcystin bio-degradation process happened in the AVB. Protozoa and metazoa are abundant in root spheres. Aspidisca sp., Vorticella sp., Philodina sp., and Lecane sp. are dominant species. The predation functions of protozoa and metazoa have a positive effect on the removal of cyanobacteria and microcystin.展开更多
Sleep has been studied widely in mammals and to some extent in other vertebrates. Higher vertebrates such as birds and mammals have evolved an inimitable rapid eye movement （REM） sleep state. During REM sleep, postu...Sleep has been studied widely in mammals and to some extent in other vertebrates. Higher vertebrates such as birds and mammals have evolved an inimitable rapid eye movement （REM） sleep state. During REM sleep, postural muscles become atonic and the temperature regulating machinery remains suspended. Although REM sleep is present in almost all the terrestrial mammals, the aquatic mammals have either radically reduced or completely eliminated REM sleep. Further, we found a significant negative correlation between REM sleep and the adaptation of the organism to live on land or in water. The amount of REM sleep is highest in terrestrial mammals, significantly reduced in semi-aquatic mammals and completely absent or negligible in aquatic mammals. The aquatic mammals are obligate swimmers and have to sur- face at regular intervals for air. Also, these animals live in thermally challenging environments, where the conductive heat loss is approximately -90 times greater than air. Therefore, they have to be moving most of the time. As an adaptation, they have evolved unihemispheric sleep, during which they can rove as well as rest. A condition that immobilizes muscle activity and suspends the thermoregulatory machinery, as happens during REM sleep, is not suitable for these animals. It is possible that, in accord with Darwin＇s theory, aquatic mammals might have abolished REM sleep with time. In this review, we discuss the possibility of the intrinsic role of aquatic conditions in the elimination of REM sleep in the aquatic mammals.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to purify an antimicrobial protein from a biocontrol bacterium strain K2-1 and analyze its antimicrobial activity in vitro against some typical aquatic pathogens. [Method] The ant...[Objective] The aim of this study was to purify an antimicrobial protein from a biocontrol bacterium strain K2-1 and analyze its antimicrobial activity in vitro against some typical aquatic pathogens. [Method] The antimicrobial protein was ob- tained by using ammonium sulfate precipitation and Sephadex chromatography combined with hot water bath. The antimicrobial assay was conducted by means of agar diffusion technique, using Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas. Sobria, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Vibrio Parahaemolyticus, Vibrio har- veyi and Vibrio anguillarum as test bacteria. [Result] Antimicrobial protein APK2 can be derived from fermentation broth of strain K2-1 and purified to the chromatogra- phy pure level by the methods provided, the final yield of the antimicrobial compo- nent is approximately 0.08%. This antimicrobial protein had a strong antimicrobial activity against the growth of most those bacteria. [Conclusion] The results show that APK2 could be a potential alternative to replace chemical antimicrobial agent in the control and prevention of aquatic diseases.展开更多
This paper reviews the development of aquatic vegetable production and research in Hunan. The advantages of aquatic vegetable industry in Hunan are discussed in detail on its location, brand, market, planting and proc...This paper reviews the development of aquatic vegetable production and research in Hunan. The advantages of aquatic vegetable industry in Hunan are discussed in detail on its location, brand, market, planting and processing. And the development strategies of the above-mentioned industry are further analyzed in the paper, such as variety resources, breeding and industrialization.展开更多
The development of Chinese system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was summarized. The existing problem of the system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was analyzed. At last, some suggestions were...The development of Chinese system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was summarized. The existing problem of the system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was analyzed. At last, some suggestions were made on setting and implementing the system of aquat- ic environmental monitoring methods in China.展开更多
Intertidal macroalgae experience continual alternation of photosynthesis between aquatic state at high tide and aerial state at low tide. The comparative photosynthetic responses to inorganic carbon were investigated...Intertidal macroalgae experience continual alternation of photosynthesis between aquatic state at high tide and aerial state at low tide. The comparative photosynthetic responses to inorganic carbon were investigated in the common intertidal macroalga Ulva lactuca L. along the coast of Shantou between aquatic and aerial state. The inorganic carbon dissolved in seawater at present could fully (at 10 ℃ or 20 ℃) or nearly (at 30 ℃) saturate the aquatic photosynthesis of U. lactuca . However, the aerial photosynthesis was limited by current ambient atmospheric CO 2 level, and such a limitation was more severe at higher temperature (20-30 ℃) than at lower temperature (10 ℃). The carbon_saturated maximal photosynthesis of U. lactuca under aerial state was much greater than that under aquatic state at 10 ℃ and 20 ℃, while the maximal photosynthesis under both states was similar at 30 ℃. The aerial values of K m (CO 2) for photosynthesis were higher than the aquatic values. On the contrary, the values of apparent photosynthetic CO 2 conductance under aerial state were considerably lower than that under aquatic state. It was concluded that the increase of atmospheric CO 2 would enhance the primary productivity of U. lactuca through stimulating the photosynthesis under aerial state during low tide.展开更多
As an application instructional course for Aquatic Animal Medicine(AAM),Aquatic Animal Pathogen Biology needs to be guided by a large number of examples and cases,but the current case database construction faces many ...As an application instructional course for Aquatic Animal Medicine(AAM),Aquatic Animal Pathogen Biology needs to be guided by a large number of examples and cases,but the current case database construction faces many urgent problems.In view of this,this paper analyzes the characteristics of professional education of AAM postgraduate students.With the goal of cultivating applied personnel that meet the requirements of the times,and the guiding ideology of strengthening the reform of the education model in colleges and universities,and improving the quantity and quality of personnel training,it builds a case database for the course Aquatic Animal Pathogen Biology in accordance with modern postgraduate teaching needs.展开更多
The order Diptera(Insecta)is one of animal groups most successful in the colonization of mineralized shallow aquatic and semiaquatic environments.At the same time,the taxonomic composition of Diptera,their role in
Using ion beam biotechnology in combination with soil-less plant cultivation on artificial substratum (floating beds), the experiments were conducted with Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. Plants were attached to floating-beds ...Using ion beam biotechnology in combination with soil-less plant cultivation on artificial substratum (floating beds), the experiments were conducted with Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. Plants were attached to floating-beds which were placed on the surface of artificially nutrient-enriched tank water, in order to study the purification and remediation efficiency of ion beam-treated I. aquatica cultivars. The results show that N + ion beams with 25keV energy and dosages of 0, 2.6, 3.9, 5.2, 6.5, 7.8, 9.1×10 13N +(ions)/cm 2 affected I. aquatica dry seeds differently, with the dose of 3.9×10 13N + (ions)/cm 2 improving effectively the performance as expressed by various biological indices. After ion beam application, I. aquatica cultivars grew well in nutrient-enriched water bodies, increasing the growth of leaves and stem, number of leaves, length and area of roots, plant height, and weight more remarkably than observed in the control. The net removing rates of TN, TP were as high as 75% and 82%, respectively. Especially under the dose of 3.9×10 13N +(ions)/cm 2, the net removing rates of TN, TP were highest, for 77% and 85%, respectively. It was proved that ion beam application improves phytoremediation and may be used to purify nutrient rich water bodies.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘This study establishes and validates a method for the precise quantification of aquatic microbial loads using microbial diversity absolute quantitative sequencing.By adding synthetic spike-in DNA to water samples from the Dahei River prior to DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing,it generates standard curves to convert sequencing data into absolute microbial copy numbers.The method,which is proved highly accurate(R^(2)>0.99),reveals a clear contrast between the river sites:the upstream community has not only a significantly higher total microbial load but also a completely different makeup of species compared to the downstream site.This approach effectively overcomes the limitations of relative abundance analysis,providing a powerful tool for environmental monitoring,and proposes key steps for future standardization to ensure data comparability and integration.
基金the framework of the IGC SB RAS project(No.0284-2021-0003)supported by the RFFR ofi_m project(No.17-29-05022).
文摘Several conjugate components represent the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Baikal:Baikal water(surface and deep water),groundwater from boreholes,water of numerous Baikal tributaries,cold and hot mineral springs around Lake Baikal,and the Angara River,the only runoff reflecting all this aquatic diversity.River waters in the Baikal region are known to be deficient in some vital elements,including fluorine.This article discusses the features of the fluorine distribution in the water from the conjugate components of the Baikal ecosystem.Fluorine ion concentrations in the water of the Baikal ecosystem was determined using the potentiometric method.The study represents the monitoring that was carried out between 1997 and 2022 years.We determine likely causes of high and low fluorine concentrations in the water from different components,propose and substantiate the fluorine sources,geological and geochemical model of its influx and distribution features in the water of the Baikal ecosystem.
文摘One of the crucial elements that is directly tied to the quality of living organisms is the quality of the water.How-ever,water quality has been adversely affected by plastic pollution,a global environmental disaster that has an effect on aquatic life,wildlife,and human health.To prevent these effects,better monitoring,detection,characterisation,quanti-fication,and tracking of aquatic plastic pollution at regional and global scales is urgently needed.Remote sensing tech-nology is regarded as a useful technique,as it offers a promising new and less labour-intensive tool for the detection,quantification,and characterisation of aquatic plastic pollution.The study seeks to supplement to the body of scientific literature by compiling original data on the monitoring of plastic pollution in aquatic environments using remote sensing technology,which can function as a cost saving method for water pollution and risk management in developing nations.This article provides a profound analysis of plastic pollution,including its categories,sources,distribution,chemical properties,and potential risks.It also provides an in-depth review of remote sensing technologies,satellite-derived in-dices,and research trends related to their applicability.Additionally,the study clarifies the difficulties in using remote sensing technologies for aquatic plastic monitoring and practical ways to reduce aquatic plastic pollution.The study will improve the understanding of aquatic plastic pollution,health hazards,and the suitability of remote sensing technology for aquatic plastic contamination monitoring studies among researchers and interested parties.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52100039)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.531118010896).
文摘Co-exposure of pharmaceuticals and microplastics(MPs)significantly exacerbates the aquatic environmental pollution issue.While MPs are identified as carriers of pollutants,research on the adsorption behaviors of biodegradable and conventional MPs to pharmaceuticals limited.The study investigated the adsorption behavior of conventional MPs(polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate),biodegradable MPs polylactic acid(PLA)and polybutylene succinate(PBS)for sulfamethoxazole(SMX).Meanwhile,changes in physicalchemical properties,including morphology,crystallinity,hydrophobicity and structures of MPs after aging(e.g.,ultraviolet treatment)were investigated.Results exhibited that the oxygen-containing functional groups of MPs surface increased after ultraviolet treatment and enhanced the adsorption capacity for SMX,except for PLA.PLA exhibits the highest adsorption capacity,primarily due to its higher hydrophobicity and larger pore size.In contrast,PBS shows the lowest adsorption affinity for SMX because of its hydrophilicity and small pore size.The adsorption capacity of degradable MPs after aging is greater than that of non-degradable MPs.Electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction are the main mechanisms of adsorption of virgin MPs,while hydrogen bond interaction and electrostatic interaction are the primary adsorption mechanisms for aged MPs.These results contribute to understanding the co-transport and migration of SMX and MPs in the environment,and furnish the necessary data for their ecological risk assessment.
文摘Emerging contaminants,such as pharmaceuticals,pesticides,microplastics,and per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS),pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence,bioaccumulative nature,and ecological toxicity.This mini-review examines their major sources,including industrial effluents,urban runoff,and landfill leachate,and highlights their detrimental impacts on aquatic biodiversity and human health.By synthesizing current research,the review emphasizes the urgent need for improved monitoring,regulatory interventions,and innovative mitigation strategies.It provides a concise overview to guide future research and inform policies aimed at safeguarding aquatic ecosystems and public health.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.T2421005,T2261129474,52039001,and 52270148).
文摘Persistent halogenated organic pollutants(HOPs)are globally concerned owing to their persistence,bioaccumulation,and potential toxicity to aquatic organisms.The trophic transfer of HOPs can affect their toxic effects on both humans and ecosystems.Previous studies mostly focused on HOPs biomagnification within specific regional or ecosystem contexts,however,the variation in trophicmagnification factors(TMFs)among different HOPs across a spectrum of diverse aquatic systems globally remains unclear.By collating literatures encompassing TMFs of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),or perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs)along invertebrate–fish food webs on a global scale,our analysis revealed that Asia,North America,and Europe exhibited the highest pollution levels of HOPs.PCBs were found to have the highest trophicmagnification capability(TMF=3.14),followed by PBDEs(TMF=2.48)and PFAAs(TMF=1.97).TMF values and the probability of TMF exceeding 1 for PCB,PBDE and PFAA congeners showed a parabolic relationship with halogenation degree and carbon chain length.Specifically,PCBswith 6 chlorines,PBDEs with 5 bromines,and PFAAs with 12 carbons exhibited maximum trophic transfer capability and potential along food webs.Fractionation of PCBs and PFAAs was observed,with the proportions of higher chlorination degree and longer chain PFAAs increasing while the others decreased with trophic levels.Surprisingly,we also found a positive relationship between site latitude and TMF values of HOP congeners.This study provides a valuable basis for gauging ecological and health risks of HOPs,facilitating the development of robust standards for aquatic environment management.
文摘[Objectives]To extract and purify perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)from aquatic products and determine the optimal pretreatment conditions.[Methods]The QuEChERS method was employed for the extraction and purification of PFAS in aquatic products.The detection of PFAS was carried out using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)in ESI negative ion mode with multiple reaction monitoring(MRM),and quantification was performed using the external standard method.By optimizing instrument parameters such as ion source temperature,spray voltage,and collision energy,high selectivity and sensitivity of the detection were ensured.[Results]The established calibration curves for 28 PFAS compounds compounds,covering a range of 0.02 to 20 ng/mL,demonstrated excellent linearity.Spike recovery tests yielded limits of detection(LOD)between 0.02 and 0.5μg/kg for the 28 PFAS compounds compounds,with recovery rates ranging from 72.2%to 113.0%.[Conclusions]The method established in this study demonstrates excellent linearity,and is accurate,reliable,efficient,simple,and rapid.It possesses considerable practical applicability and can be used for the quality and risk assessment of 28 PFAS compounds compounds in aquatic products,indicating high practical utility.
文摘Maintaining beneficial, native plant structure and diversity while reducing invasive, nuisance species dominance is an important management domain for natural resource managers. One such vegetation component in North American lakes and reservoirs is submerged aquatic vegetation—a valuable aquatic resource which serves as productive habitat for fish, aquatic macroinvertebrates, and other wildlife. Reservoirs in the southern parts of the United States have experienced varying aquatic plant dominance dynamics due to historical water resource management actions, including drawdowns and introduction of herbivorous fish for the purpose of controlling invasive aquatic vegetation. Some of these management options have also been detrimental to native submerged aquatic vegetation. This paper explores an adaptive management research effort by installing herbivore-protected, fenced-pen submerged aquatic vegetation sites in a high-herbivore reservoir to determine effectiveness of protecting habitat and serving as founder colony sources for propagule spread. Four experimental sites with three management treatments each were planted with American eelgrass. Each site utilized one un-fenced treatment and two treatments with varying mesh sizes for protective fencing-pens. Site integrity, species survival and spread, and grazing were documented. One additional site was installed and planted with other native submerged aquatic vegetation species for nominal species performance descriptions. No plants survived unprotected in the high-herbivore system and plants, in general, performed consistently better within the smaller mesh size. These test planting results were ultimately used to inform adaptive management decision making for plant installation and expansion designs for managing reservoirs invested with Hydrilla, considered one of the most serious invasive aquatic plants in the United States.
基金Supported by the Social Development Project of Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Department(BK2010023)江苏省科技厅社会发展项目(BK2010023)资助
文摘[Objective] To study the purification effect of plant community on wetland water environment in Hongze Lake, and to provide references to the ecological restoration of this area. [Methed] The typical lakeside zone of Hongze Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve was taken as the study area. Through the field survey based on environmental characteristics of aquatic areas and non-aquatic areas, combined with laboratory test, the content changes of nutrients （N and P）, COD （chemical oxygen demand） and SD （transparency） levels in the water body of lake wetland were measured; the purification effect of the lake wetland ecosystem in the growth process of aquatic vegetation was quantitatively analyzed, and possible influ- encing factors were discussed. [Result] Aquatic vegetation could remove the TN, TP, COD, Chla in wetland water environment and had obvious effects on the changes of SD content. Competition between aquatic plants can inhibit the growth of algae and relieve the eutrophication of water body. [Conclusion] This study provided theoretical basis for ecological restoration and enhancement of self-purification capability in the lakeside zone of Hongze Lake.
基金Supported by Key Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development(2008CB4182028)Key Project of Jiangsu Water Conservancy Science and Technology(2009029)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study effects of aquatic plants on resuspen- sion of sediment in Lake Taihu. [Method] New resuspension simulator was used in the research. Elodea nuttalli, submerged plant, and Phragmites australis, emergent aquatic plant, were grown in substrate sludge with varied planting density set. Study of simulation experiment on the feature of sediment resuspension was carried on under shearing stress of 0.2-0.5 N/m2 and agitation of 1-30 min. [Result] Aquatic plant growing would effectively reduce seston concentration in water. Concentrations of final Suspended Particulate Matter （SPM） in experimental groups and control groups were as follows： water without plant〉coverage of 30% of Elodea nuttalli〉cov- erage of 60% of Elodea nuttalli〉Phragmites australis with concentration of 50 stock/m2〉 coverage of 90% of Elodea nuttalli〉Phragmites australis with concentration of 80 stock/m2〉Phragmites australis with concentration of 150 stock/m2; SPM concentration showed a tendency from increasing to stable with change of stirring time under dif- ferent shearing stresses： SPM concentration was of severe change at early stage in barrel without aquatic plant while change of SPM concentration in barrel with aquatic plant was quite mild and grew smaller with concentration increasing; SPM concentration was reduced much more if Phragmites australis planted compared with that of Elodea nuttalli; under different shearing stresses, reduction of SPM concen- tration by increase of Phragmites australis area was much more than by increase of Elodea nuttalli area. [Conclusion] It would provide powerful scientific reference for control on aquatic environment through comprehensive research on the feature of sediment resuspension.
文摘[Objective] The aim was to improve part of auto-control system of aquatic seedling breeding and to lay foundation for highly-efficient and stable use of the sys- tem. [Method] The executive and drive modules of the auto-control system were im- proved, after which real-time monitor, data display and alarm modules were tested on time. [Result] In the test, for the improved system, stability and sensitivity were enhanced; different components matched better; transmitting electric resistanc6 was reduced. [Conclusion] The research provides references for auto-control of water temperature and dissolved oxygen, and faults clearing in aquatic seedling breeding.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No50378014),the National High Technology Research and Develop-ment Program of China (863Program) (No2002AA601011)
文摘For purifying raw water for tap water treatment, the aquatic vegetable bed （AVB） experiment has been carded out in a hypertrophic waterfront of Taihu Lake, China. The average removal rates of total microcystin-RR and microcystin-LR are 63.0% and 66. 7%, respectively. Experiments indicate that lpomoea aquatica can absorb microcystin by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, and the roots absorb more toxins than leaves and stems. Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） is used to analyze the density of microcystin degrading bacteria in the AVB sediment. Two species of microcystin degrading bacteria are detected, which indicate that microcystin bio-degradation process happened in the AVB. Protozoa and metazoa are abundant in root spheres. Aspidisca sp., Vorticella sp., Philodina sp., and Lecane sp. are dominant species. The predation functions of protozoa and metazoa have a positive effect on the removal of cyanobacteria and microcystin.
基金supported by grants from DBT,DST,UGC-CAS,New Delhi,India
文摘Sleep has been studied widely in mammals and to some extent in other vertebrates. Higher vertebrates such as birds and mammals have evolved an inimitable rapid eye movement （REM） sleep state. During REM sleep, postural muscles become atonic and the temperature regulating machinery remains suspended. Although REM sleep is present in almost all the terrestrial mammals, the aquatic mammals have either radically reduced or completely eliminated REM sleep. Further, we found a significant negative correlation between REM sleep and the adaptation of the organism to live on land or in water. The amount of REM sleep is highest in terrestrial mammals, significantly reduced in semi-aquatic mammals and completely absent or negligible in aquatic mammals. The aquatic mammals are obligate swimmers and have to sur- face at regular intervals for air. Also, these animals live in thermally challenging environments, where the conductive heat loss is approximately -90 times greater than air. Therefore, they have to be moving most of the time. As an adaptation, they have evolved unihemispheric sleep, during which they can rove as well as rest. A condition that immobilizes muscle activity and suspends the thermoregulatory machinery, as happens during REM sleep, is not suitable for these animals. It is possible that, in accord with Darwin＇s theory, aquatic mammals might have abolished REM sleep with time. In this review, we discuss the possibility of the intrinsic role of aquatic conditions in the elimination of REM sleep in the aquatic mammals.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Plan Project of Fujian Province(2013Y0063)Xiamen South Ocean Research Centre Project(13GZP002NF08)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to purify an antimicrobial protein from a biocontrol bacterium strain K2-1 and analyze its antimicrobial activity in vitro against some typical aquatic pathogens. [Method] The antimicrobial protein was ob- tained by using ammonium sulfate precipitation and Sephadex chromatography combined with hot water bath. The antimicrobial assay was conducted by means of agar diffusion technique, using Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas. Sobria, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Vibrio Parahaemolyticus, Vibrio har- veyi and Vibrio anguillarum as test bacteria. [Result] Antimicrobial protein APK2 can be derived from fermentation broth of strain K2-1 and purified to the chromatogra- phy pure level by the methods provided, the final yield of the antimicrobial compo- nent is approximately 0.08%. This antimicrobial protein had a strong antimicrobial activity against the growth of most those bacteria. [Conclusion] The results show that APK2 could be a potential alternative to replace chemical antimicrobial agent in the control and prevention of aquatic diseases.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Constructing Innovation-oriented City(K1307028-31)Special Poverty Relief Program of Scientific Special Commissioners in Hunan Province~~
文摘This paper reviews the development of aquatic vegetable production and research in Hunan. The advantages of aquatic vegetable industry in Hunan are discussed in detail on its location, brand, market, planting and processing. And the development strategies of the above-mentioned industry are further analyzed in the paper, such as variety resources, breeding and industrialization.
基金Supported by Study on Water Environment Quality Monitoring Technological Method (2009ZX07527-001)Chongqing Natural Science Fund (CSTC,2009B137391)
文摘The development of Chinese system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was summarized. The existing problem of the system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was analyzed. At last, some suggestions were made on setting and implementing the system of aquat- ic environmental monitoring methods in China.
文摘Intertidal macroalgae experience continual alternation of photosynthesis between aquatic state at high tide and aerial state at low tide. The comparative photosynthetic responses to inorganic carbon were investigated in the common intertidal macroalga Ulva lactuca L. along the coast of Shantou between aquatic and aerial state. The inorganic carbon dissolved in seawater at present could fully (at 10 ℃ or 20 ℃) or nearly (at 30 ℃) saturate the aquatic photosynthesis of U. lactuca . However, the aerial photosynthesis was limited by current ambient atmospheric CO 2 level, and such a limitation was more severe at higher temperature (20-30 ℃) than at lower temperature (10 ℃). The carbon_saturated maximal photosynthesis of U. lactuca under aerial state was much greater than that under aquatic state at 10 ℃ and 20 ℃, while the maximal photosynthesis under both states was similar at 30 ℃. The aerial values of K m (CO 2) for photosynthesis were higher than the aquatic values. On the contrary, the values of apparent photosynthetic CO 2 conductance under aerial state were considerably lower than that under aquatic state. It was concluded that the increase of atmospheric CO 2 would enhance the primary productivity of U. lactuca through stimulating the photosynthesis under aerial state during low tide.
基金Supported by Project of Degree and Postgraduate Education and Teaching Reform of Guangdong Ocean University(202020&202120)Project on Education and Teaching Reform of Higher Education Institutions in Guangdong Province+1 种基金Applied Personnel Training Course of Guangdong Ocean UniversityIndustry-University-Research Institute Cooperation Collaborative Education Teaching Content and Curriculum System Reform Project of Ministry of Education(202101134003).
文摘As an application instructional course for Aquatic Animal Medicine(AAM),Aquatic Animal Pathogen Biology needs to be guided by a large number of examples and cases,but the current case database construction faces many urgent problems.In view of this,this paper analyzes the characteristics of professional education of AAM postgraduate students.With the goal of cultivating applied personnel that meet the requirements of the times,and the guiding ideology of strengthening the reform of the education model in colleges and universities,and improving the quantity and quality of personnel training,it builds a case database for the course Aquatic Animal Pathogen Biology in accordance with modern postgraduate teaching needs.
基金supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant no. 14-04-01139)supported by a travel grant from the Organizing Committee
文摘The order Diptera(Insecta)is one of animal groups most successful in the colonization of mineralized shallow aquatic and semiaquatic environments.At the same time,the taxonomic composition of Diptera,their role in
文摘Using ion beam biotechnology in combination with soil-less plant cultivation on artificial substratum (floating beds), the experiments were conducted with Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. Plants were attached to floating-beds which were placed on the surface of artificially nutrient-enriched tank water, in order to study the purification and remediation efficiency of ion beam-treated I. aquatica cultivars. The results show that N + ion beams with 25keV energy and dosages of 0, 2.6, 3.9, 5.2, 6.5, 7.8, 9.1×10 13N +(ions)/cm 2 affected I. aquatica dry seeds differently, with the dose of 3.9×10 13N + (ions)/cm 2 improving effectively the performance as expressed by various biological indices. After ion beam application, I. aquatica cultivars grew well in nutrient-enriched water bodies, increasing the growth of leaves and stem, number of leaves, length and area of roots, plant height, and weight more remarkably than observed in the control. The net removing rates of TN, TP were as high as 75% and 82%, respectively. Especially under the dose of 3.9×10 13N +(ions)/cm 2, the net removing rates of TN, TP were highest, for 77% and 85%, respectively. It was proved that ion beam application improves phytoremediation and may be used to purify nutrient rich water bodies.
