The Alvalade＇s neighborhood （Lisbon, Portugal）, 1945, as a paradigm of Portuguese urbanism, can be distinguished by different housing cells that define it, as well as the different urban models, which relied on. It...The Alvalade＇s neighborhood （Lisbon, Portugal）, 1945, as a paradigm of Portuguese urbanism, can be distinguished by different housing cells that define it, as well as the different urban models, which relied on. It is possible to identify distinct occupational stains within the neighborhood, specifically in the cell one in this article, as a pioneer construction, due to housing dimension that corresponds to different housing typologies, residents and daily use areas, equipment. The objective is therefore, to understand how these three factors are reflected inside the cell, managing occupational stains which differ in space appropriation. How those different occupational stains that derive from the housing and urban morphology, may result in the occupation and experience of its inhabitants, not invalidating a cohesive structure of the neighborhood？展开更多
This paper points out that the explanatory framework for the appropriation of art in the second half of the 20th century,which responds to social phenomena in both content and form,has faced theoretical weakness and i...This paper points out that the explanatory framework for the appropriation of art in the second half of the 20th century,which responds to social phenomena in both content and form,has faced theoretical weakness and institutionalization difficulties.As the appropriation of art works,their creative methodologies,and the critical discourse surrounding them in the second half of the 20th century were incorporated into the systems of art education,art museums,art markets,and visual capitalism,the criticality initially advocated by appropriation art has gradually transformed into a new paradigm of self-circulation,consumable,and a“recursive structure”as described by Rosalind Krauss.This situation also has a sustained impact on today’s conceptual art creation.In response to this condition,this paper builds on Fredric Jameson’s Metacommentary,pointing out why the attempt to establish a“coherent,definite,universally effective”structuralist critical discourse for appropriation art,which views appropriation art as a site for metaphor,irony,and simple binary oppositions,which is the root cause of the current criticism dilemma.The paper advocates for a reexamination of the appropriation of art works and their critical discourse in the second half of the 20th century,introducing a media perspective and using detailed and historical text analysis methods to reactivate their critical potential.Subsequently,the paper introduces the theory of“remediation”,reviewing and extending Michael Lobel’s analysis of Roy Lichten-stein’s works-supplemented by discussions of artists like Peter Blake-to explore the possibility of a new form of media reflection in the appropriation art of the second half of the 20th century.In this section,the paper demonstrates how Lobel reveals hidden narratives about the theme of“monocularity”and the confrontation between natural vision and visual machinery in Lichtenstein’s work,examining how the artist’s personal experiences and historical media environment influenced his practice.Subsequently,this paper will then draws on Vilem Flusser’s theory of“line and surface”,analysing the dimension of“scale”that has not yet been theorized in Lichtenstein’s works,suggesting that the enormous scale,together with the intentional addition of Ben-Day Dots,reflects the interactive tension between“imaginal fiction”and“conceptual fiction”in the modern visual mechanism,and enables his works to be viewed as an“apparatus”constituted through the viewer’s dynamic engagement.At the same time,a virtual medium-a“magnifying glass”structure-is embedded within this apparatus of vision itself.Finally,Lichtenstein’s later practice embodies a“translation”mechanism that not only aligns with Flusser’s foresight,but also serves as a metaphor for the future of operational images.展开更多
This study investigates the merits of the cross-disciplinary appropriation of the theory of autopoiesis in Patrik Schumacher's The Autopoiesis of Architecture.In this two-volume work,Schumacher builds upon Luhmann...This study investigates the merits of the cross-disciplinary appropriation of the theory of autopoiesis in Patrik Schumacher's The Autopoiesis of Architecture.In this two-volume work,Schumacher builds upon Luhmann's sociological adoption of Maturana et al.'s biological theory of autopoiesis.This lineage of repeated appropriation raises questions about the merits of the cross-disciplinary appropriations of natural-scientific theory in architecture in general and the appropriation of autopoiesis in architectural theory in particular.Specifically,what are the merits of Schumacher's appropriation of the theory of autopoiesis?In this article,we develop and apply a text analysis method drawing on discourse analysis,close reading,visual interpretation,and"inference to the best explanation"to analyse a set of three pertinent samples from The Autopoiesis of Architecture.Our analysis,using previously established categorisations of language use and merits of theory appropriation,shows that Schumacher employs various modes of language use in The Autopoiesis of Architecture to reference both prior instances of autopoiesis.These ambiguities serve to achieve merits that,in many cases,seem to benefit the author rather than his readers.展开更多
The paper addresses the issue of how residual spaces are intervened upon through formal and informal processes.It argues that a profound understanding for the dynamics of informal interventions,denoted by appropriatio...The paper addresses the issue of how residual spaces are intervened upon through formal and informal processes.It argues that a profound understanding for the dynamics of informal interventions,denoted by appropriation,could enhance the performance of their formal peers.Adopting a qualitative approach,the paper departs from Lefebvre's unitary theory of space and arrives at an analytical framework that helps to understand the appropriation processes in residual spaces.It,then,attempts to empirically challenge the applicability of this framework through analyzing a Cairene residual space that has undergone two cycles of intervention:a formal and informal one.展开更多
Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological,structural,and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages.The selection of appropriate imaging examination...Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological,structural,and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages.The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion.This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence,aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection,comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.展开更多
The Great Mosque of Tlemcen is a unique case,as it is one of the few mosques dating back to the Almoravid period that is almost intact.It has evolved in a constantly changing space and now has a conjoined public squar...The Great Mosque of Tlemcen is a unique case,as it is one of the few mosques dating back to the Almoravid period that is almost intact.It has evolved in a constantly changing space and now has a conjoined public square,following an occidental configuration,which is quite rare.The size of this square suggests that it could be put to use as an additional vector for the valorisation of the mosque,but the current situation is different.This added space,introduced by occidental culture,creates a dual architectural language with several other buildings that mark all the layers of evolution in the urban fabric.Apart from its religious function,this mosque used to play the role of a covered public square,a role that has eroded over time.The aim of this research is to analyse the relationship between the building and its surroundings,as well as the population’s perception of this relationship.Additionally,the research is intended to highlight changes in the perception of the Great Mosque of Tlemcen’s public square over time,depending on historical,political,and social contexts.This research relies on an approach that combines different methods,including a thorough analysis of historical,cartographic,and legislative documents.Through this approach,we were able to conduct a comparative analysis with other similar cases.Finally,field research allowed us to understand the relationship between space and society.Despite the legal recognition of the surroundings as a historical monument,this status is not widely perceived and integrated into the population’s sense of heritage space.This is reflected in private and even public actions,despite the instrumentalisation of this heritage status,with appropriations of protected space that occur outside of regulations and become part of the landscape expression of the building in its environment.展开更多
Currently,the number of patients with myopia is increasing rapidly across the globe.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),with its long history and rich experience,has shown promise in effectively managing and treating th...Currently,the number of patients with myopia is increasing rapidly across the globe.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),with its long history and rich experience,has shown promise in effectively managing and treating this condition.Nevertheless,considering the vast amount of research that is currently being conducted,focusing on the utilization of TCM in the management of myopia,there is an urgent requirement for a thorough and comprehensive review.The review would serve to clarify the practical applications of TCM within this specific field,and it would also aim to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that are at play,providing a deeper understanding of how TCM principles can be effectively integrated into modern medical practices.Here,some modern medical pathogenesis of myopia and appropriate TCM techniques studies are summarized in the prevention and treatment of myopia.Further,we discussed the potential mechanisms and the future research directions of TCM against myopia.Identifying these mechanisms is crucial for understanding how TCM can be effectively utilized in this context.The combination of various TCM methods or the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine is of great significance for the prevention and control of myopia in the future.展开更多
Objective: This study aims to analyze the distribution of positive human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among women of appropriate age in Beiliu City during cervical cancer screening in 2024, providing data support f...Objective: This study aims to analyze the distribution of positive human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among women of appropriate age in Beiliu City during cervical cancer screening in 2024, providing data support for subsequent public health interventions. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the HPV test results from January 1, 2024, to November 30, 2024, at Beiliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital. We statistically analyzed the positive rates of different HPV genotypes and the co-infection status of multiple genotypes. Results: A total of 7558 individuals were tested, with 1103 positive cases identified, resulting in a positivity rate of 14.59%. Among these, HPV type 52 had the highest positive rate, accounting for 18.47%. The co-infection analysis showed that there were 788 cases with single genotype positivity, 236 with double genotype positivity, and 58 with triple genotype positivity, while cases with multiple genotypes simultaneously positive were relatively rare. Conclusion: The HPV infection rate among women of appropriate age in Beiliu City is relatively high, especially for high-risk HPV types. To reduce the future incidence of cervical cancer, it is recommended to enhance health education and vaccination efforts for this population.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to explore the application of TCM-appropriate technology in neurogenic bladder rehabilitation nursing.Firstly,the background and contents of the study were introduced.Then,it summarizes t...The purpose of this study was to explore the application of TCM-appropriate technology in neurogenic bladder rehabilitation nursing.Firstly,the background and contents of the study were introduced.Then,it summarizes the definition and development of TCM-appropriate technology and expounds the main therapy and application of TCM-appropriate technology in the rehabilitation nursing field.Besides,the pathophysiological characteristics,rehabilitation nursing measures,and rehabilitation difficulties of the neurogenic bladder are described.Then,the application method,effect and prospect of TCM-suitable technology in rehabilitation nursing of neurogenic bladder are described.In addition,the object,method,result analysis,and conclusion of the experimental study are introduced,the main results of this study are summarized,and the future research direction is prospected.In summary,this study aims to provide effective TCM-appropriate technology for neurogenic bladder rehabilitation nursing and provide a reference for clinical practice and theoretical research in related fields.展开更多
Social behaviors are crucial for gregarious animals,including humans.In order to exhibit appropriate behaviors in a complex social context,such as mating,aggression,avoidance,and cooperation,individuals need to rememb...Social behaviors are crucial for gregarious animals,including humans.In order to exhibit appropriate behaviors in a complex social context,such as mating,aggression,avoidance,and cooperation,individuals need to remember their previous experiences with other members and accurately recognize them when they meet again.This ability is called“social memory”[1].Many psychiatric disorders in humans,such as autism spectrum disorder,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,and schizophrenia,are characterized by social memory impairments.Patients with these disorders,along with corresponding animal models,often show defects associated with the thalamic reticular nucleus(TRN).The TRN,a thin layer of neurons surrounding the thalamus,mainly regulates and coordinates the transfer of information between the cortex and the thalamus,playing a role in higher brain functions such as consciousness,attention,and sensory processing.However,whether the TRN is involved in social memory remains unknown.展开更多
In the context of post-stimulation shale gas wells,the terms“shut-in”and“flowback”refer to two critical phases that occur after hydraulic fracturing(fracking)has been completed.These stages play a crucial role in ...In the context of post-stimulation shale gas wells,the terms“shut-in”and“flowback”refer to two critical phases that occur after hydraulic fracturing(fracking)has been completed.These stages play a crucial role in determining both the well’s initial production performance and its long-term hydrocarbon recovery.By establishing a comprehensive big data analysis platform,the flowback dynamics of over 1000 shale gas wells were analyzed in this work,leading to the development of an index system for evaluating flowback production capacity.Additionally,a shut-in chart was created for wells with different types of post-stimulation fracture networks,providing a structured approach to optimizing production strategies.A dynamic analysis method for flowback was also developed,using daily pressure drop and artificial fracture conductivity as key indicators.This method offers a systematic and effective approach to managing the shut-in and flowback processes for gas wells.Field trials demonstrated significant improvements:the probability of sand production was reduced,gas breakthrough time was extended,artificial fracture conductivity was enhanced,and the average estimated ultimate recovery(EUR)per well increased.展开更多
In the transition from ＂made in China＂ to ＂invented in China,＂ what is the motivation of Chinese firms in applying for patents？ Why do some firms bypass patents？ How is patenting developing within Chinese firms...In the transition from ＂made in China＂ to ＂invented in China,＂ what is the motivation of Chinese firms in applying for patents？ Why do some firms bypass patents？ How is patenting developing within Chinese firms？ This paper attempts to answer these questions using data of Chinese firms in the Yangtze River Delta region. Results indicate that, for product innovation, obtaining the lead time for market entry is of top priority in innovation protection, followed by confidentiality and patent protection. As for process innovation, confidentiality ranks first, followed by patent protection and obtaining the lead time. There is a significant and positive relationship between prior experience of patent licensing and possibility of future patent licensing. Firms with painful patent litigation experience tend to avoid it in the future. It is also found that there are great differences in patent behaviors between Chinese enterprises and their foreign counterparts.展开更多
With the acceleration of society’s aging process,the widespread phenomenon of polypharmacy among the elderly has become a significant concern.This research aimed to analyze potential inappropriate medication among 17...With the acceleration of society’s aging process,the widespread phenomenon of polypharmacy among the elderly has become a significant concern.This research aimed to analyze potential inappropriate medication among 178 inpatients in the geriatric general department of our hospital from January 2022 to September 2022.The participants were randomly assigned to an observation group and a control group.The observation group received pharmaceutical intervention,whereas the control group did not.The objective was to explore the impact of pharmaceutical intervention on polypharmacy in this population.The results revealed that after pharmaceutical intervention,there were no significant differences in medication adherence,medication appropriateness index(MAI),quantity of medicine,and potentially inappropriate medication(PIM)in the control group compared to before the intervention(P>0.05).However,the observation group showed significant improvement(P<0.05).The proportion of patients with good adherence increased from 57%to 78%,and the percentage of patients with MAI scores over 10 decreased from 60%to 40%.Moreover,there was a reduction in the number of medications prescribed,with only 47%of patients receiving more than five different types compared to the initial rate of 64%.Additionally,the occurrence of PIM declined from an initial rate of 64%to just 44%,surpassing that observed in the control group.Therefore,the implementation of pharmaceutical intervention can effectively enhance medication adherence and appropriateness among elderly patients,mitigate the risk of PIM,and promote rational medicine utilization.展开更多
Soil phosphorus (P) plays a vital role in both ecological and agricultural ecosystems, where total P (TP) in soil serves as a crucial indicator of soil fertility and quality. Most of the studies covered in the literat...Soil phosphorus (P) plays a vital role in both ecological and agricultural ecosystems, where total P (TP) in soil serves as a crucial indicator of soil fertility and quality. Most of the studies covered in the literature employ a single or narrow range of soil databases, which largely overlooks the impact of utilizing multiple mapping scales in estimating soil TP, especially in hilly topographies. In this study, Fujian Province, a subtropical hilly region along China’s southeast coast covered by a complex topographic environment, was taken as a case study. The influence of the mapping scale on soil TP storage (TPS)estimation was analyzed using six digital soil databases that were derived from 3 082 unique soil profiles at different mapping scales, i.e., 1:50 000 (S5),1:200 000 (S20), 1:500 000 (S50), 1:1 000 000 (S100), 1:4 000 000 (S400), and 1:10 000 000 (S1000). The regional TPS in the surface soil (0–20 cm) based on the S5, S20, S50, S100, S400, and S1000 soil maps was 20.72, 22.17, 23.06, 23.05, 22.04, and 23.48 Tg, respectively, and the corresponding TPS at0–100 cm soil depth was 80.98, 80.71, 85.00, 84.03, 82.96, and 86.72 Tg, respectively. By comparing soil TPS in the S20 to S1000 maps to that in the S5map, the relative deviations were 6.37%–13.32%for 0–20 cm and 0.33%–7.09%for 0–100 cm. Moreover, since the S20 map had the lowest relative deviation among different mapping scales as compared to S5, it could provide additional soil information and a richer soil environment than other smaller mapping scales. Our results also revealed that many uncertainties in soil TPS estimation originated from the lack of detailed soil information, i.e., representation and spatial variations among different soil types. From the time and labor perspectives, our work provides useful guidelines to identify the appropriate mapping scale for estimating regional soil TPS in areas like Fujian Province in subtropical China or other places with similar complex topographies. Moreover, it is of tremendous importance to accurately estimate soil TPS to ensure ecosystem stability and sustainable agricultural development, especially for regional decision-making and management of phosphate fertilizer application amounts.展开更多
Background: Workers spend a significant amount of time in the workspace. Involvement of a spouse in a doctor’s workplace can take different forms and come with different intentions. Objectives: The survey aimed to de...Background: Workers spend a significant amount of time in the workspace. Involvement of a spouse in a doctor’s workplace can take different forms and come with different intentions. Objectives: The survey aimed to determine the prevalence and extent of spousal involvement in physicians’ workplaces as well as the outcome of such involvement on doctor’ swell-being, productivity, and relationship with colleagues. Methods: This cross-sectional online survey on spousal involvement in the workplace of doctors was conducted among 83 responding doctors from July to August 2023. Results: Among the respondents, 60 (72.3%) had witnessed a doctor’s spouse being involved in the workplace. The most common reason for spousal involvement in the workplace was to protect the spouse from what they perceived as a threat 34 (54.0%). Spouse’s ignorance of boundaries in the workplace (OR: 6.09 (95% CI: 1.70, 21.79) P: 0.003) and exertion of control by the spouse (OR: 11.2 (95% CI: 2.26, 56.41) P: 0.002) were significantly associated with higher odds of inappropriate spousal involvement in the workplace, while expression of love for spouse with acts of kindness was significantly associated with a lowered odd of inappropriate spousal involvement (OR: 0.11 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.36) P: 0.0001). Conclusion: Spousal involvement in the workplace is relatively common. Ignorance of the boundaries of the workplace and exertion of control by the spouse were significant enablers of inappropriate spousal involvement in the workplace of doctors. The establishment of workplace policies that define the limits of spousal involvement in the doctor’s workplace can foster a healthy workspace environment, enhance doctors’ well-being, and improve patient care.展开更多
Background: Use of inappropriate amikacin dose is one of the most important factors in inducing toxicity, prolonged hospitalization as well as in increasing patient’s mortality. Objective: The aims of this study are ...Background: Use of inappropriate amikacin dose is one of the most important factors in inducing toxicity, prolonged hospitalization as well as in increasing patient’s mortality. Objective: The aims of this study are the analysis of amikacin dose, serum level and the examination of the effectiveness of the clinical pharmacologist (CP) therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) intervention to guarantee the safety of amikacin use. Methods: This is a one-year retrospective observational chart review study, which evaluates amikacin dose, serum drug level, development of adverse effects in patients on amikacin with or without CP TDM consultation. Results: Amikacin was prescribed for 393 complex patients, with median age 83. Amikacin group (AG) included 140 (32%) courses with CP consultation (AG1) and 292 (68%) courses without CP consultation (AG2). The distribution of most study characteristics in both groups was similar including amikacin dose (9-10 mg/kg/day), renal failure (14%) and mortality (12%). Acceptance for CP consultation was in 46% of amikacin courses and dose changes were done in 63% after CP intervention. Prolonged antibiotic course (4.6 ± 1.5 vs 3.8 ± 1.6 days, p < 0.0001) and the patient’s hemodynamic instability (15% vs 7%, p = 0.01) were more frequent in the AG1 compared to the AG2. There was a strong association between CP consultation and prolonged hospitalization (p = 0.005), while no association between it and amikacin adverse effects, renal failure or mortality. Conclusions: There was no trend to reducing amikacin toxicity, days of hospitaliza tion or mortality in patients with CP consultation. CP TDM intervention was more in the management of complicated clinical situations. However, it is necessary to optimize it.展开更多
文摘The Alvalade＇s neighborhood （Lisbon, Portugal）, 1945, as a paradigm of Portuguese urbanism, can be distinguished by different housing cells that define it, as well as the different urban models, which relied on. It is possible to identify distinct occupational stains within the neighborhood, specifically in the cell one in this article, as a pioneer construction, due to housing dimension that corresponds to different housing typologies, residents and daily use areas, equipment. The objective is therefore, to understand how these three factors are reflected inside the cell, managing occupational stains which differ in space appropriation. How those different occupational stains that derive from the housing and urban morphology, may result in the occupation and experience of its inhabitants, not invalidating a cohesive structure of the neighborhood？
文摘This paper points out that the explanatory framework for the appropriation of art in the second half of the 20th century,which responds to social phenomena in both content and form,has faced theoretical weakness and institutionalization difficulties.As the appropriation of art works,their creative methodologies,and the critical discourse surrounding them in the second half of the 20th century were incorporated into the systems of art education,art museums,art markets,and visual capitalism,the criticality initially advocated by appropriation art has gradually transformed into a new paradigm of self-circulation,consumable,and a“recursive structure”as described by Rosalind Krauss.This situation also has a sustained impact on today’s conceptual art creation.In response to this condition,this paper builds on Fredric Jameson’s Metacommentary,pointing out why the attempt to establish a“coherent,definite,universally effective”structuralist critical discourse for appropriation art,which views appropriation art as a site for metaphor,irony,and simple binary oppositions,which is the root cause of the current criticism dilemma.The paper advocates for a reexamination of the appropriation of art works and their critical discourse in the second half of the 20th century,introducing a media perspective and using detailed and historical text analysis methods to reactivate their critical potential.Subsequently,the paper introduces the theory of“remediation”,reviewing and extending Michael Lobel’s analysis of Roy Lichten-stein’s works-supplemented by discussions of artists like Peter Blake-to explore the possibility of a new form of media reflection in the appropriation art of the second half of the 20th century.In this section,the paper demonstrates how Lobel reveals hidden narratives about the theme of“monocularity”and the confrontation between natural vision and visual machinery in Lichtenstein’s work,examining how the artist’s personal experiences and historical media environment influenced his practice.Subsequently,this paper will then draws on Vilem Flusser’s theory of“line and surface”,analysing the dimension of“scale”that has not yet been theorized in Lichtenstein’s works,suggesting that the enormous scale,together with the intentional addition of Ben-Day Dots,reflects the interactive tension between“imaginal fiction”and“conceptual fiction”in the modern visual mechanism,and enables his works to be viewed as an“apparatus”constituted through the viewer’s dynamic engagement.At the same time,a virtual medium-a“magnifying glass”structure-is embedded within this apparatus of vision itself.Finally,Lichtenstein’s later practice embodies a“translation”mechanism that not only aligns with Flusser’s foresight,but also serves as a metaphor for the future of operational images.
基金the financial support of the Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University(XJTLU)Research Development Fund(project code RDF-17-01-57),which made this research possible。
文摘This study investigates the merits of the cross-disciplinary appropriation of the theory of autopoiesis in Patrik Schumacher's The Autopoiesis of Architecture.In this two-volume work,Schumacher builds upon Luhmann's sociological adoption of Maturana et al.'s biological theory of autopoiesis.This lineage of repeated appropriation raises questions about the merits of the cross-disciplinary appropriations of natural-scientific theory in architecture in general and the appropriation of autopoiesis in architectural theory in particular.Specifically,what are the merits of Schumacher's appropriation of the theory of autopoiesis?In this article,we develop and apply a text analysis method drawing on discourse analysis,close reading,visual interpretation,and"inference to the best explanation"to analyse a set of three pertinent samples from The Autopoiesis of Architecture.Our analysis,using previously established categorisations of language use and merits of theory appropriation,shows that Schumacher employs various modes of language use in The Autopoiesis of Architecture to reference both prior instances of autopoiesis.These ambiguities serve to achieve merits that,in many cases,seem to benefit the author rather than his readers.
文摘The paper addresses the issue of how residual spaces are intervened upon through formal and informal processes.It argues that a profound understanding for the dynamics of informal interventions,denoted by appropriation,could enhance the performance of their formal peers.Adopting a qualitative approach,the paper departs from Lefebvre's unitary theory of space and arrives at an analytical framework that helps to understand the appropriation processes in residual spaces.It,then,attempts to empirically challenge the applicability of this framework through analyzing a Cairene residual space that has undergone two cycles of intervention:a formal and informal one.
基金supports by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82201135)"2015"Cultivation Program for Reserve Talents for Academic Leaders of Nanjing Stomatological School,Medical School of Nanjing University(No.0223A204).
文摘Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological,structural,and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages.The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion.This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence,aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection,comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.
文摘The Great Mosque of Tlemcen is a unique case,as it is one of the few mosques dating back to the Almoravid period that is almost intact.It has evolved in a constantly changing space and now has a conjoined public square,following an occidental configuration,which is quite rare.The size of this square suggests that it could be put to use as an additional vector for the valorisation of the mosque,but the current situation is different.This added space,introduced by occidental culture,creates a dual architectural language with several other buildings that mark all the layers of evolution in the urban fabric.Apart from its religious function,this mosque used to play the role of a covered public square,a role that has eroded over time.The aim of this research is to analyse the relationship between the building and its surroundings,as well as the population’s perception of this relationship.Additionally,the research is intended to highlight changes in the perception of the Great Mosque of Tlemcen’s public square over time,depending on historical,political,and social contexts.This research relies on an approach that combines different methods,including a thorough analysis of historical,cartographic,and legislative documents.Through this approach,we were able to conduct a comparative analysis with other similar cases.Finally,field research allowed us to understand the relationship between space and society.Despite the legal recognition of the surroundings as a historical monument,this status is not widely perceived and integrated into the population’s sense of heritage space.This is reflected in private and even public actions,despite the instrumentalisation of this heritage status,with appropriations of protected space that occur outside of regulations and become part of the landscape expression of the building in its environment.
基金supported by Healthy China initiative of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.889042).
文摘Currently,the number of patients with myopia is increasing rapidly across the globe.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),with its long history and rich experience,has shown promise in effectively managing and treating this condition.Nevertheless,considering the vast amount of research that is currently being conducted,focusing on the utilization of TCM in the management of myopia,there is an urgent requirement for a thorough and comprehensive review.The review would serve to clarify the practical applications of TCM within this specific field,and it would also aim to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that are at play,providing a deeper understanding of how TCM principles can be effectively integrated into modern medical practices.Here,some modern medical pathogenesis of myopia and appropriate TCM techniques studies are summarized in the prevention and treatment of myopia.Further,we discussed the potential mechanisms and the future research directions of TCM against myopia.Identifying these mechanisms is crucial for understanding how TCM can be effectively utilized in this context.The combination of various TCM methods or the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine is of great significance for the prevention and control of myopia in the future.
文摘Objective: This study aims to analyze the distribution of positive human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among women of appropriate age in Beiliu City during cervical cancer screening in 2024, providing data support for subsequent public health interventions. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the HPV test results from January 1, 2024, to November 30, 2024, at Beiliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital. We statistically analyzed the positive rates of different HPV genotypes and the co-infection status of multiple genotypes. Results: A total of 7558 individuals were tested, with 1103 positive cases identified, resulting in a positivity rate of 14.59%. Among these, HPV type 52 had the highest positive rate, accounting for 18.47%. The co-infection analysis showed that there were 788 cases with single genotype positivity, 236 with double genotype positivity, and 58 with triple genotype positivity, while cases with multiple genotypes simultaneously positive were relatively rare. Conclusion: The HPV infection rate among women of appropriate age in Beiliu City is relatively high, especially for high-risk HPV types. To reduce the future incidence of cervical cancer, it is recommended to enhance health education and vaccination efforts for this population.
文摘The purpose of this study was to explore the application of TCM-appropriate technology in neurogenic bladder rehabilitation nursing.Firstly,the background and contents of the study were introduced.Then,it summarizes the definition and development of TCM-appropriate technology and expounds the main therapy and application of TCM-appropriate technology in the rehabilitation nursing field.Besides,the pathophysiological characteristics,rehabilitation nursing measures,and rehabilitation difficulties of the neurogenic bladder are described.Then,the application method,effect and prospect of TCM-suitable technology in rehabilitation nursing of neurogenic bladder are described.In addition,the object,method,result analysis,and conclusion of the experimental study are introduced,the main results of this study are summarized,and the future research direction is prospected.In summary,this study aims to provide effective TCM-appropriate technology for neurogenic bladder rehabilitation nursing and provide a reference for clinical practice and theoretical research in related fields.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32125018 and 32071005)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LD24H090002)+3 种基金Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute(010904008)Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai(SHSMUZDCX20211102)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(226-2024-00133)the MOE Frontiers Science Center for Brain Science&Brain-Machine Integration of Zhejiang University.
文摘Social behaviors are crucial for gregarious animals,including humans.In order to exhibit appropriate behaviors in a complex social context,such as mating,aggression,avoidance,and cooperation,individuals need to remember their previous experiences with other members and accurately recognize them when they meet again.This ability is called“social memory”[1].Many psychiatric disorders in humans,such as autism spectrum disorder,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,and schizophrenia,are characterized by social memory impairments.Patients with these disorders,along with corresponding animal models,often show defects associated with the thalamic reticular nucleus(TRN).The TRN,a thin layer of neurons surrounding the thalamus,mainly regulates and coordinates the transfer of information between the cortex and the thalamus,playing a role in higher brain functions such as consciousness,attention,and sensory processing.However,whether the TRN is involved in social memory remains unknown.
基金PetroChina Research Applied Science and Technology Project,“Shale Gas Scale Increase Production and Exploration andDevelopment Technology-Research and Application of Key Technology of Deep Shale Gas Scale Production”(No.2023ZZ21YJ01).
文摘In the context of post-stimulation shale gas wells,the terms“shut-in”and“flowback”refer to two critical phases that occur after hydraulic fracturing(fracking)has been completed.These stages play a crucial role in determining both the well’s initial production performance and its long-term hydrocarbon recovery.By establishing a comprehensive big data analysis platform,the flowback dynamics of over 1000 shale gas wells were analyzed in this work,leading to the development of an index system for evaluating flowback production capacity.Additionally,a shut-in chart was created for wells with different types of post-stimulation fracture networks,providing a structured approach to optimizing production strategies.A dynamic analysis method for flowback was also developed,using daily pressure drop and artificial fracture conductivity as key indicators.This method offers a systematic and effective approach to managing the shut-in and flowback processes for gas wells.Field trials demonstrated significant improvements:the probability of sand production was reduced,gas breakthrough time was extended,artificial fracture conductivity was enhanced,and the average estimated ultimate recovery(EUR)per well increased.
文摘In the transition from ＂made in China＂ to ＂invented in China,＂ what is the motivation of Chinese firms in applying for patents？ Why do some firms bypass patents？ How is patenting developing within Chinese firms？ This paper attempts to answer these questions using data of Chinese firms in the Yangtze River Delta region. Results indicate that, for product innovation, obtaining the lead time for market entry is of top priority in innovation protection, followed by confidentiality and patent protection. As for process innovation, confidentiality ranks first, followed by patent protection and obtaining the lead time. There is a significant and positive relationship between prior experience of patent licensing and possibility of future patent licensing. Firms with painful patent litigation experience tend to avoid it in the future. It is also found that there are great differences in patent behaviors between Chinese enterprises and their foreign counterparts.
基金Hospital Pharmacy Research Foundation of Guangdong(Grant No.2022A14)。
文摘With the acceleration of society’s aging process,the widespread phenomenon of polypharmacy among the elderly has become a significant concern.This research aimed to analyze potential inappropriate medication among 178 inpatients in the geriatric general department of our hospital from January 2022 to September 2022.The participants were randomly assigned to an observation group and a control group.The observation group received pharmaceutical intervention,whereas the control group did not.The objective was to explore the impact of pharmaceutical intervention on polypharmacy in this population.The results revealed that after pharmaceutical intervention,there were no significant differences in medication adherence,medication appropriateness index(MAI),quantity of medicine,and potentially inappropriate medication(PIM)in the control group compared to before the intervention(P>0.05).However,the observation group showed significant improvement(P<0.05).The proportion of patients with good adherence increased from 57%to 78%,and the percentage of patients with MAI scores over 10 decreased from 60%to 40%.Moreover,there was a reduction in the number of medications prescribed,with only 47%of patients receiving more than five different types compared to the initial rate of 64%.Additionally,the occurrence of PIM declined from an initial rate of 64%to just 44%,surpassing that observed in the control group.Therefore,the implementation of pharmaceutical intervention can effectively enhance medication adherence and appropriateness among elderly patients,mitigate the risk of PIM,and promote rational medicine utilization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41971050 and 42207271)the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Fujian,China(No.2022J05036)the Open Project Program of the State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.LAPC-KF-2022-08)。
文摘Soil phosphorus (P) plays a vital role in both ecological and agricultural ecosystems, where total P (TP) in soil serves as a crucial indicator of soil fertility and quality. Most of the studies covered in the literature employ a single or narrow range of soil databases, which largely overlooks the impact of utilizing multiple mapping scales in estimating soil TP, especially in hilly topographies. In this study, Fujian Province, a subtropical hilly region along China’s southeast coast covered by a complex topographic environment, was taken as a case study. The influence of the mapping scale on soil TP storage (TPS)estimation was analyzed using six digital soil databases that were derived from 3 082 unique soil profiles at different mapping scales, i.e., 1:50 000 (S5),1:200 000 (S20), 1:500 000 (S50), 1:1 000 000 (S100), 1:4 000 000 (S400), and 1:10 000 000 (S1000). The regional TPS in the surface soil (0–20 cm) based on the S5, S20, S50, S100, S400, and S1000 soil maps was 20.72, 22.17, 23.06, 23.05, 22.04, and 23.48 Tg, respectively, and the corresponding TPS at0–100 cm soil depth was 80.98, 80.71, 85.00, 84.03, 82.96, and 86.72 Tg, respectively. By comparing soil TPS in the S20 to S1000 maps to that in the S5map, the relative deviations were 6.37%–13.32%for 0–20 cm and 0.33%–7.09%for 0–100 cm. Moreover, since the S20 map had the lowest relative deviation among different mapping scales as compared to S5, it could provide additional soil information and a richer soil environment than other smaller mapping scales. Our results also revealed that many uncertainties in soil TPS estimation originated from the lack of detailed soil information, i.e., representation and spatial variations among different soil types. From the time and labor perspectives, our work provides useful guidelines to identify the appropriate mapping scale for estimating regional soil TPS in areas like Fujian Province in subtropical China or other places with similar complex topographies. Moreover, it is of tremendous importance to accurately estimate soil TPS to ensure ecosystem stability and sustainable agricultural development, especially for regional decision-making and management of phosphate fertilizer application amounts.
文摘Background: Workers spend a significant amount of time in the workspace. Involvement of a spouse in a doctor’s workplace can take different forms and come with different intentions. Objectives: The survey aimed to determine the prevalence and extent of spousal involvement in physicians’ workplaces as well as the outcome of such involvement on doctor’ swell-being, productivity, and relationship with colleagues. Methods: This cross-sectional online survey on spousal involvement in the workplace of doctors was conducted among 83 responding doctors from July to August 2023. Results: Among the respondents, 60 (72.3%) had witnessed a doctor’s spouse being involved in the workplace. The most common reason for spousal involvement in the workplace was to protect the spouse from what they perceived as a threat 34 (54.0%). Spouse’s ignorance of boundaries in the workplace (OR: 6.09 (95% CI: 1.70, 21.79) P: 0.003) and exertion of control by the spouse (OR: 11.2 (95% CI: 2.26, 56.41) P: 0.002) were significantly associated with higher odds of inappropriate spousal involvement in the workplace, while expression of love for spouse with acts of kindness was significantly associated with a lowered odd of inappropriate spousal involvement (OR: 0.11 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.36) P: 0.0001). Conclusion: Spousal involvement in the workplace is relatively common. Ignorance of the boundaries of the workplace and exertion of control by the spouse were significant enablers of inappropriate spousal involvement in the workplace of doctors. The establishment of workplace policies that define the limits of spousal involvement in the doctor’s workplace can foster a healthy workspace environment, enhance doctors’ well-being, and improve patient care.
文摘Background: Use of inappropriate amikacin dose is one of the most important factors in inducing toxicity, prolonged hospitalization as well as in increasing patient’s mortality. Objective: The aims of this study are the analysis of amikacin dose, serum level and the examination of the effectiveness of the clinical pharmacologist (CP) therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) intervention to guarantee the safety of amikacin use. Methods: This is a one-year retrospective observational chart review study, which evaluates amikacin dose, serum drug level, development of adverse effects in patients on amikacin with or without CP TDM consultation. Results: Amikacin was prescribed for 393 complex patients, with median age 83. Amikacin group (AG) included 140 (32%) courses with CP consultation (AG1) and 292 (68%) courses without CP consultation (AG2). The distribution of most study characteristics in both groups was similar including amikacin dose (9-10 mg/kg/day), renal failure (14%) and mortality (12%). Acceptance for CP consultation was in 46% of amikacin courses and dose changes were done in 63% after CP intervention. Prolonged antibiotic course (4.6 ± 1.5 vs 3.8 ± 1.6 days, p < 0.0001) and the patient’s hemodynamic instability (15% vs 7%, p = 0.01) were more frequent in the AG1 compared to the AG2. There was a strong association between CP consultation and prolonged hospitalization (p = 0.005), while no association between it and amikacin adverse effects, renal failure or mortality. Conclusions: There was no trend to reducing amikacin toxicity, days of hospitaliza tion or mortality in patients with CP consultation. CP TDM intervention was more in the management of complicated clinical situations. However, it is necessary to optimize it.
