Compartmentalization in living systems,where multiple reactions occur in parallel within confined spaces,has inspired the development of droplet networks in the past decade.These fascinating assemblies offer unique an...Compartmentalization in living systems,where multiple reactions occur in parallel within confined spaces,has inspired the development of droplet networks in the past decade.These fascinating assemblies offer unique and versatile functions that are unattainable by single droplets and have shown their potential as advanced platforms for chemical and biological applications.This review highlights recent progress in the creation and application of droplet networks,covering strategies for generating the droplets and assembling them into functional networks.Key applications such as microreactors,signal conductors,actuators,and power sources are summarized.We also discuss the challenges and future trends in this field,aiming to narrow the gap between fundamental research and real applications.展开更多
Fiber-based Organic Electrochemical Transistors(F-OECTs)overcome limitations of planar OECTs by enabling mechanical flexibility and textile integration.Their fibrillary conductive structures support stable performance...Fiber-based Organic Electrochemical Transistors(F-OECTs)overcome limitations of planar OECTs by enabling mechanical flexibility and textile integration.Their fibrillary conductive structures support stable performance under strain,making them ideal for wearable and biomedical applications.This review highlights recent advancements in F-OECT fabrication,integration strategies,and sensing capabilities,aiming to address the current lack of comprehensive reviews in this emerging field.展开更多
Modern thermoelectric modules have emerged as promising platforms for precision thermal analysis in biological and chemical applications.This study presents a high-throughput microcalorimeter employing a patterned bis...Modern thermoelectric modules have emerged as promising platforms for precision thermal analysis in biological and chemical applications.This study presents a high-throughput microcalorimeter employing a patterned bismuth telluride(Bi_(2)Te_(3))thermopile array as integrated heat flux sensors,overcoming the throughput limitations of conventional calorimetric systems.Through finite element analysis-guided device optimization,we established that increasing thermocouple height from 0.4mm to 0.8mm reduces thermal conductance,achieving around 1 V·W^(-1)power sensitivity.The system demonstrated dual-mode calibration methods using both the electrical(Joule heating)and the chemical(water-ethanol mixing enthalpy)references.Device functionality was validated through real-time monitoring of Escherichia coli metabolism,revealing distinct thermal signatures upon antibiotic challenge.The antimicrobial susceptibility testing(AST)is performed with 4 commonly used antibiotics.The platform achieved 4 h AST with coherent values to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)guidelines for minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)determination.Notably,the modular chip architecture integrates 8 sensing units as a proof-ofconcept,coupled with disposable microfluidic chambers that eliminate cross-contamination risks.This chipcalorimeter implementation establishes a new paradigm for chemical reaction heat measurement and rapid clinical diagnostics of infectious diseases.展开更多
基金National Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:52033002,22372032,22202040Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:BK20211560Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Programby CAST,Grant/Award Number:2022QNRC001。
文摘Compartmentalization in living systems,where multiple reactions occur in parallel within confined spaces,has inspired the development of droplet networks in the past decade.These fascinating assemblies offer unique and versatile functions that are unattainable by single droplets and have shown their potential as advanced platforms for chemical and biological applications.This review highlights recent progress in the creation and application of droplet networks,covering strategies for generating the droplets and assembling them into functional networks.Key applications such as microreactors,signal conductors,actuators,and power sources are summarized.We also discuss the challenges and future trends in this field,aiming to narrow the gap between fundamental research and real applications.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.RS-2024-00405818,and No.RS-2024-00348264).
文摘Fiber-based Organic Electrochemical Transistors(F-OECTs)overcome limitations of planar OECTs by enabling mechanical flexibility and textile integration.Their fibrillary conductive structures support stable performance under strain,making them ideal for wearable and biomedical applications.This review highlights recent advancements in F-OECT fabrication,integration strategies,and sensing capabilities,aiming to address the current lack of comprehensive reviews in this emerging field.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China No.62203055China Postdoctoral Science Foundation No.2023M730232.
文摘Modern thermoelectric modules have emerged as promising platforms for precision thermal analysis in biological and chemical applications.This study presents a high-throughput microcalorimeter employing a patterned bismuth telluride(Bi_(2)Te_(3))thermopile array as integrated heat flux sensors,overcoming the throughput limitations of conventional calorimetric systems.Through finite element analysis-guided device optimization,we established that increasing thermocouple height from 0.4mm to 0.8mm reduces thermal conductance,achieving around 1 V·W^(-1)power sensitivity.The system demonstrated dual-mode calibration methods using both the electrical(Joule heating)and the chemical(water-ethanol mixing enthalpy)references.Device functionality was validated through real-time monitoring of Escherichia coli metabolism,revealing distinct thermal signatures upon antibiotic challenge.The antimicrobial susceptibility testing(AST)is performed with 4 commonly used antibiotics.The platform achieved 4 h AST with coherent values to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)guidelines for minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)determination.Notably,the modular chip architecture integrates 8 sensing units as a proof-ofconcept,coupled with disposable microfluidic chambers that eliminate cross-contamination risks.This chipcalorimeter implementation establishes a new paradigm for chemical reaction heat measurement and rapid clinical diagnostics of infectious diseases.
