Liver transplantation(LT)remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease.Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers,including organ allocation,donor-recipient matching,an...Liver transplantation(LT)remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease.Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers,including organ allocation,donor-recipient matching,and patient education,persist.With the growing progress of artificial intelligence,particularly large language models(LLMs)like ChatGPT,new applications have emerged in the field of LT.Current studies demonstrating usage of ChatGPT in LT include various areas of application,from clinical settings to research and education.ChatGPT usage can benefit both healthcare professionals,by decreasing the time spent on non-clinical work,but also LT recipients by providing accurate information.Future potential applications include the expanding usage of ChatGPT and other LLMs in the field of LT pathology and radiology as well as the automated creation of discharge summaries or other related paperwork.Additionally,the next models of ChatGPT might have the potential to provide more accurate patient education material with increased readability.Although ChatGPT usage presents promising applications,there are certain ethical and practical limitations.Key concerns include patient data privacy,information accuracy,misinformation possibility and lack of legal framework.Healthcare providers and policymakers should collaborate for the establishment of a controlled framework for the safe use of ChatGPT.The aim of this minireview is to summarize current literature on ChatGPT in LT,highlighting both opportunities and limitations,while also providing future possible applications.展开更多
Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for...Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.展开更多
The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This rev...The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This review explores key AI and ML concepts,methodologies,and their applications in hydrology,focusing on groundwater potential mapping,water quality prediction,and groundwater level forecasting.It discusses various data acquisition techniques,including remote sensing,geospatial analysis,and geophysical surveys,alongside preprocessing methods that are essential for enhancing model accuracy.The study highlights AI-driven solutions in water distribution,allocation optimization,and realtime resource management.Despite their advantages,the application of AI and ML in water sciences faces several challenges,including data scarcity,model reliability,and the integration of these tools with traditional water management systems.Ethical and regulatory concerns also demand careful consideration.The paper also outlines future research directions,emphasizing the need for improved data collection,interpretable models,real-time monitoring capabilities,and interdisciplinary collaboration.By leveraging AI and ML advancements,the water sector can enhance decision-making,optimize resource distribution,and support the development of sustainable water management strategies.展开更多
Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications i...Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.展开更多
Magnesium and its related materials have potential applications in the automotive sector for weight reduction,in energy storage technologies such as batteries and hydrogen storage,and in biomedical field due to their ...Magnesium and its related materials have potential applications in the automotive sector for weight reduction,in energy storage technologies such as batteries and hydrogen storage,and in biomedical field due to their biodegradability.In comparison,the researches on the latter ones are currently receiving more and more interests.This paper explores recent research advancements in Mg-based materials in these fields especially within recent 4 years in Germany.展开更多
This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JOS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which w...This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JOS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which was held in Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,from October 25 to 27,2024.展开更多
Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BC...Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BCIs,including their fundamental principles,technical advancements,and applications in specific domains.However,these reviews often focus on signal processing,hardware development,or limited applications such as motor rehabilitation or communication.This paper aims to offer a comprehensive review of recent electroencephalogram(EEG)-based BCI applications in the medical field across 8 critical areas,encompassing rehabilitation,daily communication,epilepsy,cerebral resuscitation,sleep,neurodegenerative diseases,anesthesiology,and emotion recognition.Moreover,the current challenges and future trends of BCIs were also discussed,including personal privacy and ethical concerns,network security vulnerabilities,safety issues,and biocompatibility.展开更多
Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have many excellent properties that make them ideally suited for use in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In this review,the recent research on applications of CNTs in LIBs,including their usage as fre...Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have many excellent properties that make them ideally suited for use in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In this review,the recent research on applications of CNTs in LIBs,including their usage as freestanding anodes,conductive additives,and current collectors,are discussed.Challenges,strategies,and progress are analyzed by selecting typical examples.Particularly,when CNTs are used with relatively large mass fractions,the relevant interfacial electrochemistry in such a CNT-based electrode,which dictates the quality of the resulting solid-electrolyte interface,becomes a concern.Hence,in this review the different lithium-ion adsorption and insertion mechanisms inside and outside of CNTs are compared;the influence of not only CNT structural features(including their length,defect density,diameter,and wall thickness)but also the electrolyte composition on the solid-electrolyte interfacial reactions is analyzed in detail.Strategies to optimize the solid-solid interface between CNTs and the other solid components in various composite electrodes are also covered.By emphasizing the importance of such a structure-performance relationship,the merits and weaknesses of various applications of CNTs in various advanced LIBs are clarified.展开更多
Liquid metals(LMs),because of their ability to remain in a liquid state at room temperature,render them highly versatile for applications in electronics,energy storage,medicine,and robotics.Among various LMs,Ga-based ...Liquid metals(LMs),because of their ability to remain in a liquid state at room temperature,render them highly versatile for applications in electronics,energy storage,medicine,and robotics.Among various LMs,Ga-based LMs exhibit minimal cytotoxicity,low viscosity,high thermal and electrical conductivities,and excellent wettability.Therefore,Ga-based LM composites(LMCs)have emerged as a recent research focus.Recent advancements have focused on novel fabrication techniques and applications spanning energy storage,flexible electronics,and biomedical devices.Particularly noteworthy are the developments in wearable sensors and electronic skins,which hold promise for healthcare monitoring and human-machine interfaces.Despite their potential,challenges,such as oxidative susceptibil-ity and biocompatibility,remain.Creating bio-based LMC materials is a promising approach to address these issues while exploring new avenues to optimize LMC performance and broaden its application domains.This review provides a concise overview of the recent trends in LMC research,highlights their transformative impacts,and outlines key directions for future investigation and development.展开更多
Due to the small size,active mobility,and intrinsic softness,miniature soft robots hold promising po-tentials in reaching the deep region inside living bodies otherwise inaccessible with compelling agility,adaptabilit...Due to the small size,active mobility,and intrinsic softness,miniature soft robots hold promising po-tentials in reaching the deep region inside living bodies otherwise inaccessible with compelling agility,adaptability and safety.Various materials and actuation strategies have been developed for creating soft robots,among which,ferromagnetic soft materials that self-actuate in response to external magnetic fields have attracted worldwide attention due to their remote controllability and excellent compatibil-ity with biological tissues.This review presents comprehensive and systematic research advancements in the design,fabrication,and applications of ferromagnetic soft materials for miniature robots,providing in-sights into their potential use in biomedical fields and beyond.The programming strategies of ferromag-netic soft materials are summarized and classified,including mold-assisted programming,3D printing-assisted programming,microassembly-assisted programming,and magnetization reprogramming.Each approach possesses unique advantages in manipulating the magnetic responsiveness of ferromagnetic soft materials to achieve outstanding actuation and deformation performances.We then discuss the biomedi-cal applications of ferromagnetic soft material-based soft robots(e.g.,minimally invasive surgery,targeted delivery,and tissue engineering),highlighting their potentials in revolutionizing biomedical technologies.This review also points out the current challenges and provides insights into future research directions,which we hope can serve as a useful reference for the development of next-generation adaptive miniature robots.展开更多
Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)has been utilized as a useful tool for solving intricate optimization problems for various applications in different fields.This paper attempts to carry out an update on PSO and gives a...Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)has been utilized as a useful tool for solving intricate optimization problems for various applications in different fields.This paper attempts to carry out an update on PSO and gives a review of its recent developments and applications,but also provides arguments for its efficacy in resolving optimization problems in comparison with other algorithms.Covering six strategic areas,which include Data Mining,Machine Learning,Engineering Design,Energy Systems,Healthcare,and Robotics,the study demonstrates the versatility and effectiveness of the PSO.Experimental results are,however,used to show the strong and weak parts of PSO,and performance results are included in tables for ease of comparison.The results stress PSO’s efficiency in providing optimal solutions but also show that there are aspects that need to be improved through combination with algorithms or tuning to the parameters of the method.The review of the advantages and limitations of PSO is intended to provide academics and practitioners with a well-rounded view of the methods of employing such a tool most effectively and to encourage optimized designs of PSO in solving theoretical and practical problems in the future.展开更多
Wenhao Wang and colleagues summarized the latest advancements in structural color research in Opto-Electronic Science. Their review explored the fundamental principles and fabrication methods of structural colors for ...Wenhao Wang and colleagues summarized the latest advancements in structural color research in Opto-Electronic Science. Their review explored the fundamental principles and fabrication methods of structural colors for photonic applications, including anti-counterfeiting, displays, sensors, and printing, along with their practical limitations. Recently, structural colors have received growing interest due to their advantages, including physical and chemical robustness, ecofriendliness, tunability, and high-resolution color.展开更多
The intricate interactions between immune cells and tumors exert a profound influence on cancer progression and therapeutic efficacy.Within the tumor microenvironment,exosomes have emerged as pivotal mediators of inte...The intricate interactions between immune cells and tumors exert a profound influence on cancer progression and therapeutic efficacy.Within the tumor microenvironment,exosomes have emerged as pivotal mediators of intercellular communication,with their cargo of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)serving as key regulatory elements.This review examines the multifaceted roles of immune cell-derived exosomal ncRNAs in tumor biology.The involvement of various immune cells,including T cells,B cells,natural killer cells,macrophages,neutrophils,and myeloid-derived suppressor cells,in utilizing exosomal ncRNAs to regulate tumor initiation and progression is explored.Additionally,the biogenesis and delivery mechanisms of these immune cell-derived exosomal ncRNAs are discussed,alongside their potential clinical applications in cancer.展开更多
Natural fibers,as a typical renewable and biodegradable material,have shown great potential for many applications(e.g.,catalysis,hydrogel,biomedicine)in recent years.Recently,the growing importance of natural fibers i...Natural fibers,as a typical renewable and biodegradable material,have shown great potential for many applications(e.g.,catalysis,hydrogel,biomedicine)in recent years.Recently,the growing importance of natural fibers in these photo-driven applications is reflected by the increasing number of publications.The utilization of renewable materials in photo-driven applications not only contributes to mitigating the energy crisis but also facilitates the transition of society toward a low-carbon economy,thus enabling harmonious coexistence between humans and the environment within the context of sustainable development.This paper provides an overview of the recent advances of natural fibers which acted as substrates or precursors to construct an efficient system of light utilization.The different chemical properties and pretreatment methods of cellulose affect its performance in final photo-driven applications,including solar-driven water purification,photocatalysis,and photothermal biomedical applications.Nevertheless,current research rarely conducts a comprehensive comparisonof themfromabroadperspective.As a whole,this review first reveals the different structural advantages as well as thematching degree between natural fibers(bacterial cellulose,plant cellulose,and animal fiber)and three typical photo-driven applications.Besides,new strategies for optimizing the utilization of natural fibers are an important subject under the background of low-carbon and circular economy.Finally,some suggestions and prospects are put forward for the limitations and research prospects of natural fibers in photo-driven applications,which provides a new idea for the synthesis of renewable functional materials.展开更多
Two-dimensional Dion-Jacobson(DJ)perovskite has garnered significant attention due to its superior responsivity and operation stability.However,efforts are predominantly focused on discovering new organic spacer to sy...Two-dimensional Dion-Jacobson(DJ)perovskite has garnered significant attention due to its superior responsivity and operation stability.However,efforts are predominantly focused on discovering new organic spacer to synthesize novel perovskites,while material-form-associated light management,which is crucial for enhancing the photodetector’s efficiency,is largely overlooked.Herein,we introduced surface light management strategy into DJ-type perovskite system by synthesizing surface-patterned BDAPbBr4(BPB,BDA=NH_(3)(CH_(2))_(4)NH_(3))microplates(MPs)using template-assisted space-confined method,which was further elucidated by theoretical optical simulation.By leveraging surface-patterned MPs to enhance light absorption,the BPB-based photodetectors(PDs)achieved remarkable photoresponse in ultraviolet region,marked by a high on/off ratio(~5000),superior responsivity(2.24 A W^(-1)),along with large detectivity(~10^(13) Jones)and low detection limit(68.7 nW cm^(-2)).Additionally,the PDs showcased superior light communication and imaging capabilities even under weak-light illumination.Notably,the anisotropic nature of the surface-patterned MPs conferred excellent polarization sensitivity to the PD.These results represented the first demonstration of BPB perovskite in weak-light communication and imaging,as well as in polarized light detection.Our findings offer valuable insights into enhancing photodetector performance and optoelectronic applications through surface light management strategies.展开更多
The growing population and industrialization have led to significant production in agro-industrial sectors,result-ing in large amounts of agro-industrial residues often left untreated,posing potential environmental is...The growing population and industrialization have led to significant production in agro-industrial sectors,result-ing in large amounts of agro-industrial residues often left untreated,posing potential environmental issues.There-fore,finding effective ways to utilize these bio-based residues is crucial.One promising approach is to use these low-or no-value agro-industrial wastes as raw materials for producing renewable biomaterials,including proteins and peptides.Research has extensively explored peptide extraction using plant and animal-based agro-industrial residue.Due to lower processing costs and beneficial bioactive properties,peptides derived from waste could replace synthetic peptides and those extracted from food sources.The isolation,purification,and analysis processes of these peptides are thoroughly examined to optimize their extraction and ensure their purity and efficacy.These peptides’bioactive properties and mechanisms are being analyzed for their potential applications in the biomedical field.Additionally,the applications of bioactive peptides in medical fields,such as drug delivery systems,tissue engineering,and bioprinting,are discussed.展开更多
Magnesium alloys have emerged as promising light weight materials due to their low density,high specific strength,excellent machinability,and superior damping capacity,making them ideal for aerospace,automotive,and el...Magnesium alloys have emerged as promising light weight materials due to their low density,high specific strength,excellent machinability,and superior damping capacity,making them ideal for aerospace,automotive,and electronics applications.However,broader use of magnesium alloys is limited by poor thermo-mechanical performance,corrosion susceptibility,and low formability at room temperature.The addition of rare-earth elements such as gadolinium,yttrium,and neodymium has meaningfully improved these limitations,enhancing the overall performance of magnesium alloys.This review highlights recent advancements in rare-earth magnesium alloys,focusing on their improved thermo-mechanical properties,microstructural evolution,crystallization behavior,and texture development.Herein,strengthening mechanisms associated with rare-earth additions are discussed in detail.Furthermore,the article explores growing relevance of these alloys in advanced applications,including biomedical implants,Io T devices,aerospace structures,defense systems,and general engineering.With their enhanced mechanical and functional properties,rare-earth magnesium alloys represent a new generation of high-performance,functional materials poised to drive innovation across multiple technology sectors.展开更多
One-dimensional perovskites possess unique photoelectric properties that distinguish them from other perovskitetypes, making them a focal point in photoelectric research. In recent years, there has been a significant ...One-dimensional perovskites possess unique photoelectric properties that distinguish them from other perovskitetypes, making them a focal point in photoelectric research. In recent years, there has been a significant surge ininterest surrounding the synthesis and application of one-dimensional anisotropic perovskites, spurred by ad-vancementsin synthesis techniques and notable breakthroughs in novel methodologies and application proper-ties.This article provides a comprehensive review of the progress made in research on one-dimensionalanisotropic perovskites, detailing the synthesis mechanisms and potential pathways for performance enhance-mentin various applications. We highlight the crucial role of controllable synthesis and heterogeneous effect intailoring perovskite properties to boost application efficacy. Initially, this review examines the primary synthesismethods and mechanisms for creating heterogeneously induced one-dimensional anisotropic perovskites, cate-gorizingthem into two main approaches: the classical wet chemical synthesis, which utilizes selective ligands, andthe ligand-free, substrate-assisted method. The precision in controllable synthesis is essential for fabricatingheterogeneous structures, where the synthesized precursor, shape, and surface ligand significantly influence theinterfacial strength of the heterogenic interface. We also discuss the key features that must be improved for high-performanceapplications, exploring how heterogeneous effects can enhance performance and drive the devel-opmentof heterogeneous devices in various applications, such as photodetectors, solar cells, light-emitting di-odes,and photocatalysis. Conclusively, by highlighting the emerging potential and promising opportunitiesoffered by strategic heterogeneous construction, we forecast a dynamic and transformative future for their pro-ductionand application landscapes.展开更多
Shape memory alloys(SMAs)are unique materials that exhibit the ability to recover their original shape upon heating after being deformed at low temperatures.Due to their remarkable properties,such as high strength,exc...Shape memory alloys(SMAs)are unique materials that exhibit the ability to recover their original shape upon heating after being deformed at low temperatures.Due to their remarkable properties,such as high strength,excellent fatigue resistance,and the ability to undergo significant recoverable deformation,SMAs have found extensive applications in various fields,including biomedical devices,robotics,aerospace,automotive industries,and smart textiles.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the phase transformation behavior and smart applications of SMAs,focusing on the underlying mechanisms,characteristics,and technological advancements in SMA-based devices.It explores the various phases involved in SMA behavior,including the martensitic and austenitic phases,thermoelastic transformations,and stress-induced phase transformations.Furthermore,this paper discusses the applications of SMAs in smart technologies,including their use in medical devices,actuators,sensors,and energy harvesting systems.By exploring the key factors influencing phase transformations,this study highlights the potential of SMAs in designing next-generation smart materials and systems.展开更多
Owing to their unique biological effects and physicochemical properties,nanomaterials have garnered substantial attention in the field of bone tissue engineering(BTE),targeting the repair and restoration of impaired b...Owing to their unique biological effects and physicochemical properties,nanomaterials have garnered substantial attention in the field of bone tissue engineering(BTE),targeting the repair and restoration of impaired bone tissue.In recent years,strategies for the design and optimization of nanomaterials through thiolation modification have been widely applied in BTE.This review concisely summarizes the categories of nanomaterials commonly used in BTE and focuses on various strategies for the modification of nanomaterials via thiolation.A multifaceted analysis of the mechanisms by which thiolated nanomaterials enhance nanomaterial-cell interactions,promote drug loading and release,and modulate osteogenic differentiation is presented.Furthermore,this review introduces biomedical applications of thiolated nanomaterials in BTE,including as scaffold components for bone regeneration,coatings for bone implants,and drug delivery systems.Finally,the future perspectives and challenges in the development of this field are discussed.Thiolation modification strategies provide a platform for developing new ideas and methods for designing nanomaterials for BTE and are expected to accelerate the development and clinical translation of novel bone repair materials.展开更多
文摘Liver transplantation(LT)remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease.Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers,including organ allocation,donor-recipient matching,and patient education,persist.With the growing progress of artificial intelligence,particularly large language models(LLMs)like ChatGPT,new applications have emerged in the field of LT.Current studies demonstrating usage of ChatGPT in LT include various areas of application,from clinical settings to research and education.ChatGPT usage can benefit both healthcare professionals,by decreasing the time spent on non-clinical work,but also LT recipients by providing accurate information.Future potential applications include the expanding usage of ChatGPT and other LLMs in the field of LT pathology and radiology as well as the automated creation of discharge summaries or other related paperwork.Additionally,the next models of ChatGPT might have the potential to provide more accurate patient education material with increased readability.Although ChatGPT usage presents promising applications,there are certain ethical and practical limitations.Key concerns include patient data privacy,information accuracy,misinformation possibility and lack of legal framework.Healthcare providers and policymakers should collaborate for the establishment of a controlled framework for the safe use of ChatGPT.The aim of this minireview is to summarize current literature on ChatGPT in LT,highlighting both opportunities and limitations,while also providing future possible applications.
基金support from the Contract Research(“Development of Breathable Fabrics with Nano-Electrospun Membrane”,CityU ref.:9231419“Research and application of antibacterial and healing-promoting smart nanofiber dressing for children’s burn wounds”,CityU ref:PJ9240111)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(“Study of Multi-Responsive Shape Memory Polyurethane Nanocomposites Inspired by Natural Fibers”,Grant No.51673162)Startup Grant of CityU(“Laboratory of Wearable Materials for Healthcare”,Grant No.9380116).
文摘Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.
文摘The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This review explores key AI and ML concepts,methodologies,and their applications in hydrology,focusing on groundwater potential mapping,water quality prediction,and groundwater level forecasting.It discusses various data acquisition techniques,including remote sensing,geospatial analysis,and geophysical surveys,alongside preprocessing methods that are essential for enhancing model accuracy.The study highlights AI-driven solutions in water distribution,allocation optimization,and realtime resource management.Despite their advantages,the application of AI and ML in water sciences faces several challenges,including data scarcity,model reliability,and the integration of these tools with traditional water management systems.Ethical and regulatory concerns also demand careful consideration.The paper also outlines future research directions,emphasizing the need for improved data collection,interpretable models,real-time monitoring capabilities,and interdisciplinary collaboration.By leveraging AI and ML advancements,the water sector can enhance decision-making,optimize resource distribution,and support the development of sustainable water management strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-Level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.
文摘Magnesium and its related materials have potential applications in the automotive sector for weight reduction,in energy storage technologies such as batteries and hydrogen storage,and in biomedical field due to their biodegradability.In comparison,the researches on the latter ones are currently receiving more and more interests.This paper explores recent research advancements in Mg-based materials in these fields especially within recent 4 years in Germany.
文摘This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JOS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which was held in Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,from October 25 to 27,2024.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFF1200602)the National Science Fund for Excellent Overseas Scholars(0401260011)+3 种基金the National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Chinese Academy of Sciences(c02022088)the Tianjin Science and Technology Program(20JCZDJC00810)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82202798)the Shanghai Sailing Program(22YF1404200).
文摘Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)represent an emerging technology that facilitates direct communication between the brain and external devices.In recent years,numerous review articles have explored various aspects of BCIs,including their fundamental principles,technical advancements,and applications in specific domains.However,these reviews often focus on signal processing,hardware development,or limited applications such as motor rehabilitation or communication.This paper aims to offer a comprehensive review of recent electroencephalogram(EEG)-based BCI applications in the medical field across 8 critical areas,encompassing rehabilitation,daily communication,epilepsy,cerebral resuscitation,sleep,neurodegenerative diseases,anesthesiology,and emotion recognition.Moreover,the current challenges and future trends of BCIs were also discussed,including personal privacy and ethical concerns,network security vulnerabilities,safety issues,and biocompatibility.
基金Xiamen Science and Technology Project,Grant/Award Number:3502Z20231057National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:3502Z20231057National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22279107,22288102。
文摘Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have many excellent properties that make them ideally suited for use in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).In this review,the recent research on applications of CNTs in LIBs,including their usage as freestanding anodes,conductive additives,and current collectors,are discussed.Challenges,strategies,and progress are analyzed by selecting typical examples.Particularly,when CNTs are used with relatively large mass fractions,the relevant interfacial electrochemistry in such a CNT-based electrode,which dictates the quality of the resulting solid-electrolyte interface,becomes a concern.Hence,in this review the different lithium-ion adsorption and insertion mechanisms inside and outside of CNTs are compared;the influence of not only CNT structural features(including their length,defect density,diameter,and wall thickness)but also the electrolyte composition on the solid-electrolyte interfacial reactions is analyzed in detail.Strategies to optimize the solid-solid interface between CNTs and the other solid components in various composite electrodes are also covered.By emphasizing the importance of such a structure-performance relationship,the merits and weaknesses of various applications of CNTs in various advanced LIBs are clarified.
基金supported by the GRDC(Global Research Development Center)Cooperative Hub Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)(No.RS-2023-00257595).
文摘Liquid metals(LMs),because of their ability to remain in a liquid state at room temperature,render them highly versatile for applications in electronics,energy storage,medicine,and robotics.Among various LMs,Ga-based LMs exhibit minimal cytotoxicity,low viscosity,high thermal and electrical conductivities,and excellent wettability.Therefore,Ga-based LM composites(LMCs)have emerged as a recent research focus.Recent advancements have focused on novel fabrication techniques and applications spanning energy storage,flexible electronics,and biomedical devices.Particularly noteworthy are the developments in wearable sensors and electronic skins,which hold promise for healthcare monitoring and human-machine interfaces.Despite their potential,challenges,such as oxidative susceptibil-ity and biocompatibility,remain.Creating bio-based LMC materials is a promising approach to address these issues while exploring new avenues to optimize LMC performance and broaden its application domains.This review provides a concise overview of the recent trends in LMC research,highlights their transformative impacts,and outlines key directions for future investigation and development.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFE0208700)National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.92163109 and 52072095)+7 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.RCJC20231211090000001,GXWD20231129101105001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52205590)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20220834)the Start-up Research Fund of Southeast University(No.RF1028623098)the State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems(HIT)(No.SKLRS-2024-KF-11)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52202348)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515011491)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Nos.GXWD20220818224716001,KJZD20231023100302006).
文摘Due to the small size,active mobility,and intrinsic softness,miniature soft robots hold promising po-tentials in reaching the deep region inside living bodies otherwise inaccessible with compelling agility,adaptability and safety.Various materials and actuation strategies have been developed for creating soft robots,among which,ferromagnetic soft materials that self-actuate in response to external magnetic fields have attracted worldwide attention due to their remote controllability and excellent compatibil-ity with biological tissues.This review presents comprehensive and systematic research advancements in the design,fabrication,and applications of ferromagnetic soft materials for miniature robots,providing in-sights into their potential use in biomedical fields and beyond.The programming strategies of ferromag-netic soft materials are summarized and classified,including mold-assisted programming,3D printing-assisted programming,microassembly-assisted programming,and magnetization reprogramming.Each approach possesses unique advantages in manipulating the magnetic responsiveness of ferromagnetic soft materials to achieve outstanding actuation and deformation performances.We then discuss the biomedi-cal applications of ferromagnetic soft material-based soft robots(e.g.,minimally invasive surgery,targeted delivery,and tissue engineering),highlighting their potentials in revolutionizing biomedical technologies.This review also points out the current challenges and provides insights into future research directions,which we hope can serve as a useful reference for the development of next-generation adaptive miniature robots.
文摘Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)has been utilized as a useful tool for solving intricate optimization problems for various applications in different fields.This paper attempts to carry out an update on PSO and gives a review of its recent developments and applications,but also provides arguments for its efficacy in resolving optimization problems in comparison with other algorithms.Covering six strategic areas,which include Data Mining,Machine Learning,Engineering Design,Energy Systems,Healthcare,and Robotics,the study demonstrates the versatility and effectiveness of the PSO.Experimental results are,however,used to show the strong and weak parts of PSO,and performance results are included in tables for ease of comparison.The results stress PSO’s efficiency in providing optimal solutions but also show that there are aspects that need to be improved through combination with algorithms or tuning to the parameters of the method.The review of the advantages and limitations of PSO is intended to provide academics and practitioners with a well-rounded view of the methods of employing such a tool most effectively and to encourage optimized designs of PSO in solving theoretical and practical problems in the future.
基金supported by the POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center program funded by POSCOthe National Research Foundation(NRF)grants(RS-2022-NR067559,RS-2023-00302586)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)of the Korean government.
文摘Wenhao Wang and colleagues summarized the latest advancements in structural color research in Opto-Electronic Science. Their review explored the fundamental principles and fabrication methods of structural colors for photonic applications, including anti-counterfeiting, displays, sensors, and printing, along with their practical limitations. Recently, structural colors have received growing interest due to their advantages, including physical and chemical robustness, ecofriendliness, tunability, and high-resolution color.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82203056)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2023-BS-167)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Talent Innovation Support Plan of Dalian(NO.2022RQ091)the“1+X”program for Clinical Competency enhancement-Clinical Research Incubation Project of the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University(No.2022LCYJYB01)。
文摘The intricate interactions between immune cells and tumors exert a profound influence on cancer progression and therapeutic efficacy.Within the tumor microenvironment,exosomes have emerged as pivotal mediators of intercellular communication,with their cargo of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)serving as key regulatory elements.This review examines the multifaceted roles of immune cell-derived exosomal ncRNAs in tumor biology.The involvement of various immune cells,including T cells,B cells,natural killer cells,macrophages,neutrophils,and myeloid-derived suppressor cells,in utilizing exosomal ncRNAs to regulate tumor initiation and progression is explored.Additionally,the biogenesis and delivery mechanisms of these immune cell-derived exosomal ncRNAs are discussed,alongside their potential clinical applications in cancer.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering(No.KF2204).
文摘Natural fibers,as a typical renewable and biodegradable material,have shown great potential for many applications(e.g.,catalysis,hydrogel,biomedicine)in recent years.Recently,the growing importance of natural fibers in these photo-driven applications is reflected by the increasing number of publications.The utilization of renewable materials in photo-driven applications not only contributes to mitigating the energy crisis but also facilitates the transition of society toward a low-carbon economy,thus enabling harmonious coexistence between humans and the environment within the context of sustainable development.This paper provides an overview of the recent advances of natural fibers which acted as substrates or precursors to construct an efficient system of light utilization.The different chemical properties and pretreatment methods of cellulose affect its performance in final photo-driven applications,including solar-driven water purification,photocatalysis,and photothermal biomedical applications.Nevertheless,current research rarely conducts a comprehensive comparisonof themfromabroadperspective.As a whole,this review first reveals the different structural advantages as well as thematching degree between natural fibers(bacterial cellulose,plant cellulose,and animal fiber)and three typical photo-driven applications.Besides,new strategies for optimizing the utilization of natural fibers are an important subject under the background of low-carbon and circular economy.Finally,some suggestions and prospects are put forward for the limitations and research prospects of natural fibers in photo-driven applications,which provides a new idea for the synthesis of renewable functional materials.
基金the Key Research and Development Program sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2024YFE0201800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12134010,12174290)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China(Grant Nos.2023BAB102 and 2021CFB039).
文摘Two-dimensional Dion-Jacobson(DJ)perovskite has garnered significant attention due to its superior responsivity and operation stability.However,efforts are predominantly focused on discovering new organic spacer to synthesize novel perovskites,while material-form-associated light management,which is crucial for enhancing the photodetector’s efficiency,is largely overlooked.Herein,we introduced surface light management strategy into DJ-type perovskite system by synthesizing surface-patterned BDAPbBr4(BPB,BDA=NH_(3)(CH_(2))_(4)NH_(3))microplates(MPs)using template-assisted space-confined method,which was further elucidated by theoretical optical simulation.By leveraging surface-patterned MPs to enhance light absorption,the BPB-based photodetectors(PDs)achieved remarkable photoresponse in ultraviolet region,marked by a high on/off ratio(~5000),superior responsivity(2.24 A W^(-1)),along with large detectivity(~10^(13) Jones)and low detection limit(68.7 nW cm^(-2)).Additionally,the PDs showcased superior light communication and imaging capabilities even under weak-light illumination.Notably,the anisotropic nature of the surface-patterned MPs conferred excellent polarization sensitivity to the PD.These results represented the first demonstration of BPB perovskite in weak-light communication and imaging,as well as in polarized light detection.Our findings offer valuable insights into enhancing photodetector performance and optoelectronic applications through surface light management strategies.
基金funded by the Thailand Graduate Institute of Science and Technology(TGIST)(Grant No.TG-BT-AIT-63-002D).
文摘The growing population and industrialization have led to significant production in agro-industrial sectors,result-ing in large amounts of agro-industrial residues often left untreated,posing potential environmental issues.There-fore,finding effective ways to utilize these bio-based residues is crucial.One promising approach is to use these low-or no-value agro-industrial wastes as raw materials for producing renewable biomaterials,including proteins and peptides.Research has extensively explored peptide extraction using plant and animal-based agro-industrial residue.Due to lower processing costs and beneficial bioactive properties,peptides derived from waste could replace synthetic peptides and those extracted from food sources.The isolation,purification,and analysis processes of these peptides are thoroughly examined to optimize their extraction and ensure their purity and efficacy.These peptides’bioactive properties and mechanisms are being analyzed for their potential applications in the biomedical field.Additionally,the applications of bioactive peptides in medical fields,such as drug delivery systems,tissue engineering,and bioprinting,are discussed.
基金the support of the SPARC project(P3808)UKIERI-4 Strand 1 Institutional Research&Mobility Partnerships Grant(45580615 UKIERISPARC/01/18)under the Indo-UK schemeSKT extends heartfelt gratitude to Nitte University for providing the research grant(grant no.NUFR-23-070)。
文摘Magnesium alloys have emerged as promising light weight materials due to their low density,high specific strength,excellent machinability,and superior damping capacity,making them ideal for aerospace,automotive,and electronics applications.However,broader use of magnesium alloys is limited by poor thermo-mechanical performance,corrosion susceptibility,and low formability at room temperature.The addition of rare-earth elements such as gadolinium,yttrium,and neodymium has meaningfully improved these limitations,enhancing the overall performance of magnesium alloys.This review highlights recent advancements in rare-earth magnesium alloys,focusing on their improved thermo-mechanical properties,microstructural evolution,crystallization behavior,and texture development.Herein,strengthening mechanisms associated with rare-earth additions are discussed in detail.Furthermore,the article explores growing relevance of these alloys in advanced applications,including biomedical implants,Io T devices,aerospace structures,defense systems,and general engineering.With their enhanced mechanical and functional properties,rare-earth magnesium alloys represent a new generation of high-performance,functional materials poised to drive innovation across multiple technology sectors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22272065)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20211530)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP62218)the Key Research and Development Special Project of Yi'chun City,Jiangxi Province,China(2023ZDYFZX06).
文摘One-dimensional perovskites possess unique photoelectric properties that distinguish them from other perovskitetypes, making them a focal point in photoelectric research. In recent years, there has been a significant surge ininterest surrounding the synthesis and application of one-dimensional anisotropic perovskites, spurred by ad-vancementsin synthesis techniques and notable breakthroughs in novel methodologies and application proper-ties.This article provides a comprehensive review of the progress made in research on one-dimensionalanisotropic perovskites, detailing the synthesis mechanisms and potential pathways for performance enhance-mentin various applications. We highlight the crucial role of controllable synthesis and heterogeneous effect intailoring perovskite properties to boost application efficacy. Initially, this review examines the primary synthesismethods and mechanisms for creating heterogeneously induced one-dimensional anisotropic perovskites, cate-gorizingthem into two main approaches: the classical wet chemical synthesis, which utilizes selective ligands, andthe ligand-free, substrate-assisted method. The precision in controllable synthesis is essential for fabricatingheterogeneous structures, where the synthesized precursor, shape, and surface ligand significantly influence theinterfacial strength of the heterogenic interface. We also discuss the key features that must be improved for high-performanceapplications, exploring how heterogeneous effects can enhance performance and drive the devel-opmentof heterogeneous devices in various applications, such as photodetectors, solar cells, light-emitting di-odes,and photocatalysis. Conclusively, by highlighting the emerging potential and promising opportunitiesoffered by strategic heterogeneous construction, we forecast a dynamic and transformative future for their pro-ductionand application landscapes.
文摘Shape memory alloys(SMAs)are unique materials that exhibit the ability to recover their original shape upon heating after being deformed at low temperatures.Due to their remarkable properties,such as high strength,excellent fatigue resistance,and the ability to undergo significant recoverable deformation,SMAs have found extensive applications in various fields,including biomedical devices,robotics,aerospace,automotive industries,and smart textiles.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the phase transformation behavior and smart applications of SMAs,focusing on the underlying mechanisms,characteristics,and technological advancements in SMA-based devices.It explores the various phases involved in SMA behavior,including the martensitic and austenitic phases,thermoelastic transformations,and stress-induced phase transformations.Furthermore,this paper discusses the applications of SMAs in smart technologies,including their use in medical devices,actuators,sensors,and energy harvesting systems.By exploring the key factors influencing phase transformations,this study highlights the potential of SMAs in designing next-generation smart materials and systems.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52103184 and 8226030956)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2407503)+3 种基金Key Project of the Natural Science Basic Research Plan of Shaanxi Province(No.2022JZ43)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2024JCYBQN-0874)Medical Research Key Project of Xi'an Science and Technology Bureau(No.2024JH-YXZD-0055)Medical Research Project of Xi'an Science and Technology Bureau(No.22YXYJ0083)
文摘Owing to their unique biological effects and physicochemical properties,nanomaterials have garnered substantial attention in the field of bone tissue engineering(BTE),targeting the repair and restoration of impaired bone tissue.In recent years,strategies for the design and optimization of nanomaterials through thiolation modification have been widely applied in BTE.This review concisely summarizes the categories of nanomaterials commonly used in BTE and focuses on various strategies for the modification of nanomaterials via thiolation.A multifaceted analysis of the mechanisms by which thiolated nanomaterials enhance nanomaterial-cell interactions,promote drug loading and release,and modulate osteogenic differentiation is presented.Furthermore,this review introduces biomedical applications of thiolated nanomaterials in BTE,including as scaffold components for bone regeneration,coatings for bone implants,and drug delivery systems.Finally,the future perspectives and challenges in the development of this field are discussed.Thiolation modification strategies provide a platform for developing new ideas and methods for designing nanomaterials for BTE and are expected to accelerate the development and clinical translation of novel bone repair materials.
