OBJECTIVE:To provide the evidence for the efficacy of acupoint application(AA)for patients with diarrhea in a real-world setting.METHODS:This study is a national multicenter retrospective cohort study.Our study consec...OBJECTIVE:To provide the evidence for the efficacy of acupoint application(AA)for patients with diarrhea in a real-world setting.METHODS:This study is a national multicenter retrospective cohort study.Our study consecutively collected outpatient medical records of patients with diarrhea from hundreds of primary hospitals nationwide registered in Chun Bo Wan Xiang cloud platform from 22nd August,2020 to 5th November,2020.The patients were divided into the treatment group and the control group according to patient's condition and willingness.The control group was treated with Western Medicine,oral Chinese Medicine decoction,or both.The treatment group was added with AA based on the control group.Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent efficacy of AA in diarrheal recovery on the 3rd,7th,14th and 28th day.As a next step,we also performed stratified analysis and likelihood ratio test(LRT).Sensitivity analyses included propensity score matching(PSM),four PSM-related analyses and E-value.RESULTS:The treatment group showed better efficacy than the control group on the 14th and 28th day[the 14th day:OR=1.58,95%CI(1.15,2.19),P=0.005;the 28th day:OR=2.03,95%CI(1.43,2.88),P<0.001].No difference was observed in efficacy of AA for the treatment of diarrhea among the subgroups(P>0.05).PSM-related analyses confirmed the efficacy of AA in diarrheal recovery.The findings are unlikely to be nullified by an unmeasured confounding variable according to the results of E-values.CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy in the treatment group was significantly more improved than that in the control group on the 14th and 28th day.展开更多
Ⅰ. Introduction Over the past two decades, microwave remote sensing has evolved into a focal point in the remote sensing area. This is due to the fact that in microwave band, we can acquire physical parameters about ...Ⅰ. Introduction Over the past two decades, microwave remote sensing has evolved into a focal point in the remote sensing area. This is due to the fact that in microwave band, we can acquire physical parameters about ocean, terrain and atmosphere on all weather condition. Research and application work about the aerial passive micro wave remote sensors has been done at Changchun Institute of Geography since 1973, under the unitary planning of Academia Sinica. Microwave radiometers of six freqency bands have been developed. Numerous remote sensing experiments were carried out, and large amount of scientific data were accumulated. Recently, theoretical models have展开更多
Recent research has shown that defined sets of exogenous factors are sufficient to convert rodent and human somatic cells directly into induced neural stem cells or neural precursor cells（iNSCs/iNPCs）.The process of...Recent research has shown that defined sets of exogenous factors are sufficient to convert rodent and human somatic cells directly into induced neural stem cells or neural precursor cells（iNSCs/iNPCs）.The process of transdifferentiation bypasses the step of a pluripotent state and reduces the risk of tumorigenesis and genetic instability while retaining the self-renewing capacity.This iNSC/iNPC technology has fueled much excitement in regenerative medicine,as these cells can be differentiated into target cells for replacement therapy for neurodegenerative diseases.Patients＇ somatic cell-derived iNSCs/iNPCs have also been proposed to serve as disease models with potential value in both fundamental studies and clinical applications.This review focuses on the mechanisms,techniques,and applications of iNSCs/iNPCs from a series of related studies,as well as further efforts in designing novel strategies using iNSC/iNPC technology and its potential applications in neurodegenerative diseases.展开更多
Systematic experimental studies on partial melting and subsolidus equilibration of three reconstituted spinel-peridotites have been carried out at temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1380℃ and pressures of 1.0 and 1.5 ...Systematic experimental studies on partial melting and subsolidus equilibration of three reconstituted spinel-peridotites have been carried out at temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1380℃ and pressures of 1.0 and 1.5 GPa. The results shows (1) during partial melting, Mg# [=Mg/(Mg+Fe)]and Cr# [=Cr/(Cr-Al)]of spinel increase with an increase in degrees of melting) (2) during subsolidus equilibration, with increasing temperatures, Mg# of spinel increases but Cr# of spinel remains almost unchanged in dunite and increases slightly in Iherzolite and harzburgite. The negative and quasi-linear Mg# -Cr# correlation of spinel represents an isotherm of total non-equilibrium. The same results have been obtained by means of mathematical modelling. It is also proved by Mg# -Cr# correlation of spinel in natural peridotites. As a result of the spinel subsolidus equilibration, only variation of Cr# of spinel is limited, and then Cr# of spinel can be used to estimate the relative degree of melting undergone by host rocks. The bigger Cr# of spinel is, the higher the degree of melting will be. By contrast, during crystallization magma, Mg# and Cr# of spinel decrease with decreasing temperatures. Likewise, Cr# of spinel in basalts may be used to indicate the feature of Cr2O3/Al2O3 of magma, and the compositional zoning of spinel may be used to study the evolution of magma (cooling rate and contamination).展开更多
Patchwork art culture has a long history and is also a kind of aestheticism fashion popular in the internet.Patchwork art of Baijia clothes is taken as the research object,and various application of patchwork art in C...Patchwork art culture has a long history and is also a kind of aestheticism fashion popular in the internet.Patchwork art of Baijia clothes is taken as the research object,and various application of patchwork art in Chinese traditional costumes in past thousand years is explained.As cultural identity of the Chinese nation,patchwork continuously nourishes and enriches world cultural relics.Its application research not only could bring rich inspiration for modern costume art but also has important actual significance and higher historical value.展开更多
Bluetooth technology emerged over twenty years ago and has continuously improved throughout the years to meet diverse and complex applications. Initially invented to replace the need for physical data cables, Bluetoot...Bluetooth technology emerged over twenty years ago and has continuously improved throughout the years to meet diverse and complex applications. Initially invented to replace the need for physical data cables, Bluetooth offers users a quick and easy way to share data files over a wireless network. Traffic engineers and transportation engineering researchers have utilized the potential opportunities that exist with Bluetooth and have implemented this technology into traffic monitoring techniques. To gain a better understanding of Bluetooth sensors and how they work, a comprehensive literature search was conducted. Twenty-five articles were studied regarding case studies of Bluetooth sensor implementation for travel time measurement. Besides reviewing the literature and previous case studies, three new case studies in the State of Delaware, USA, were also conducted and carefully analyzed. The benefits and drawbacks associated with Bluetooth technology for travel time measurements have been identified in this paper. The overall conclusion of the authors is Bluetooth alone and by itself is not a proper technology for travel time measurements. More studies need to be conducted on the accuracy and overall application, before one can confidently utilize the Bluetooth technology for travel time measurements.展开更多
A self-consistent-field—configuration interaction(SCF-CI)procedure of studying highly excited vibrational states of bent triatomic molecules is suggested and its application to O_3 is investigated.
Purpose: The authors analyzed the epidemiological and clinical aspects of diabetic retinopathy at the Center for the Application of the Specialized Studies Diploma in Ophthalmology, Gamal Abdel Nasser University (CHU/...Purpose: The authors analyzed the epidemiological and clinical aspects of diabetic retinopathy at the Center for the Application of the Specialized Studies Diploma in Ophthalmology, Gamal Abdel Nasser University (CHU/ Donka) Conakry. Diabetic retinopathy (eye damage: eye and retina) is a serious complication of diabetes that affects 50% of type 2 diabetic patients. The eyes are particularly sensitive to damage to a small vessel. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the retinal localization of diabetic micro angiopathy resulting in impaired blood flow in the affected territories, the consequences of which will determine the clinical manifestations of the disease. DR is the leading cause of vision loss in adults of working age. Patients and Methods: This is a longitudinal prospective study carried out at CADES/O concerning 198 diabetic patients. The selection criteria were that the media be transparent and the fundus accessible over a period of six months from February to July 2018. Results: A total of 73 patients (37%) presented with diabetic retinopathy with an average age of 49.5 +/−9 years. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.6 with a female predominance of 59%. Liberal profession patients were the most numerous 47.5%. Type 2 diabetes was the most common (85.86%). Diabetes fundus assessment was the most common reason for consultation (52%). Arterial hypertension was the most incriminated risk factor (45.45%) followed by the poor balance of diabetes (40.90%), and the age of diabetes (28.28%). 9.5% had diabetic retinopathy complicated by rubella iris, neovascular glaucoma and retinal detachment. Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy is a common condition for which early detection and regular monitoring must be the rule to prevent, slow down or avoids irreversible blindness if possible, induced by this pathology by a good balance of diabetes and good control of associated risk factors.展开更多
Objective Nowadays, high-resolution remote sensing technology has brought new changes to surveys of earthquakes, and the quantitative study of seismic faults based on this technology has become a trend in the world(Ba...Objective Nowadays, high-resolution remote sensing technology has brought new changes to surveys of earthquakes, and the quantitative study of seismic faults based on this technology has become a trend in the world(Barzegari et al., 2017). An Mw 7.2 earthquake occurred in Yutian of Xinjiang on the western end of the Altyn Tagh fault on March 21 st, 2008. It is difficult to access this depopulated zone because of the high altitude and only 1–2 months of snowmelt. This study utilized high-resolution展开更多
Objective:To make and study computed system for external cardiac massage,monitor of heart and body temperature and observe its clinical effect.Method:The system was made and applied.Result:The effect of system was obv...Objective:To make and study computed system for external cardiac massage,monitor of heart and body temperature and observe its clinical effect.Method:The system was made and applied.Result:The effect of system was obvious.Conclusion: The system was an effective clinical equipment in treatment of patient with cardiac arrest.展开更多
In experiencing the modern landscape,color is perceived through the sight which relies on both the concrete substance and an Abstract matter-light.In this research,through analyzing the visual property and psychologic...In experiencing the modern landscape,color is perceived through the sight which relies on both the concrete substance and an Abstract matter-light.In this research,through analyzing the visual property and psychological perception,the 'color' used in modern landscape design is interpreted,and the application forms and methods of color in landscape design are explained in terms of the application and technique of color in site culture.展开更多
The urban thermal distribution characteristics and its variation are dynamically monitored and synthetically analyzed by using GIS technology. The meteorological satellite data serve as main information source, assist...The urban thermal distribution characteristics and its variation are dynamically monitored and synthetically analyzed by using GIS technology. The meteorological satellite data serve as main information source, assisted as auxiliary information sources by the landsat satellite TM data, land use thematic maps and meteorological observed data. A correlated pattern on the ground surface brightness temperatures and air temperatures has been studied and established with good performance of application.展开更多
AIM： To validate the Peek Acuity mobile phone application in pediatric populations and compare its utility, both economic and diagnostic, against conventional screening methods using a pediatric ophthalmologist exami...AIM： To validate the Peek Acuity mobile phone application in pediatric populations and compare its utility, both economic and diagnostic, against conventional screening methods using a pediatric ophthalmologist examination as the gold standard.METHODS： A cohort of 393 subjects from Fernando de la Mora, Paraguay（ages 6-16 y） were enrolled in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned a starting screening modality among： Peek Acuity, a single line of tumbling E optotypes set at 20/40, and Spot Vision Screener. Once completing the first screening modality, the subjects completed the two remaining techniques. Referral criteria were established based on the most current American Association of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus（AAPOS） recommendations： 20/40 for Peek Acuity and the tumbling E, and refractive error detection for the Spot Vision Screener. Subjects that failed to achieve the cutoff for any of the three screening techniques or subjects that passed the screening but were randomly selected to perform a comprehensive eye exam to determine the false negative rate, were evaluated by a pediatric ophthalmologist. This evaluation was considered the gold standard, and included vision assessment by a Snellen chart, strabismus evaluation, and cycloplegic refraction with dilated fundoscopy.RESULTS： We obtained 48% sensitivity, 83% specificity, 43% positive predictive value, and 86% negative predictive value for Peek Acuity＇s ability to refer compared to evaluation by a pediatric ophthalmologist, failing to achieve a desired sensitivity for implementation. Peek Acuity trended to overestimate the subject＇s visual acuity, providing a higher visual acuity that would not indicate referral for a comprehensive eye examination. However, its high specificity accurately predicted a significant number of children who did not need further evaluation. When comparing the three screening methods, no single screening modality outperformed the others. Peek Acuity represented a technology that was economically feasible compared to other screening modalities in low income settings, due to the prevalence of cell phone use.CONCLUSION： Peek Acuity represents an efficient tool that has potential for implementation in school screenings with different strategies aimed at pediatric populations due to its low cost and high specificity. An increase in sensitivity would improve detection of children with refractive errors.展开更多
In this paper, an algorithm for simulating fluid flow and heat transfer for mold filling of shaped castings is presented. The main features of the algorithm include: 1) a simple but practical technique based on VOF me...In this paper, an algorithm for simulating fluid flow and heat transfer for mold filling of shaped castings is presented. The main features of the algorithm include: 1) a simple but practical technique based on VOF method to determine free surface, 2) an explicit scheme of enthalpy to solve the energy equation more efficiently, and 3) an effective treatment to modify the flux deviation due to pressure iteration. In order to verify these methods, well controlled experiments have been repeatedly done with both water analog and gray iron pouring experiments to record the flow patterns and temperature variations. The calculated results are in accordance with the experimental ones. For the applications, the simulated initial temperature distribution right after mold filling was used to analyse subsequent solidification and to predict shrinkage defects. Actual castings were poured and tested in a foundry plant. The reuslts show that the defects predication with considering fluid flow effects is more precise than that without considering the effects.展开更多
Use of gold nanoparticles(GNPs)in medicine is an emerging field of translational research with vast clinical implications and exciting therapeutic potential.However,the safety of using GNPs in human subjects is an imp...Use of gold nanoparticles(GNPs)in medicine is an emerging field of translational research with vast clinical implications and exciting therapeutic potential.However,the safety of using GNPs in human subjects is an important question that remains unanswered.This study reviews over 20 clinical trials focused on GNP safety and aims to summarize all the clinical studies,completed and ongoing,to identify whether GNPs are safe to use in humans as a therapeutic platform.In these studies,GNPs were implemented as drug delivery devices,for photothermal therapy,and utilized for their intrinsic therapeutic effects by various routes of delivery.These studies revealed no major safety concerns with the use of GNPs;however,the number of trials and total patient number remains limited.Multi-dose,multicenter blinded trials are required to deepen our understanding of the use of GNPs in clinical settings to facilitate translation of this novel,multifaceted therapeutic device.Expanding clinical trials will require collaboration between clinicians,scientists,and biotechnology companies.展开更多
In the present study, bond-coats for thermal barrier coatings were deposited via air plasma spraying（APS） techniques onto Inconel 800 and Hastelloy C-276 alloy substrates. Scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, transm...In the present study, bond-coats for thermal barrier coatings were deposited via air plasma spraying（APS） techniques onto Inconel 800 and Hastelloy C-276 alloy substrates. Scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, and atomic force microscopy（AFM） were used to investigate the phases and microstructure of the as-sprayed, APS-deposited Co Ni Cr Al Y bond-coatings. The aim of this work was to study the suitability of the bond-coat materials for high temperature applications. Confirmation of nanoscale grains of the γ/γ′-phase was obtained by TEM, high-resolution TEM, and AFM. We concluded that these changes result from the plastic deformation of the bond-coat during the deposition, resulting in Co Ni Cr Al Y bond-coatings with excellent thermal cyclic resistance suitable for use in high-temperature applications. Cyclic oxidative stability was observed to also depend on the underlying metallic alloy substrate.展开更多
A kind of complex additive mainly containing Al, Mg, F, and O was prepared. The synthetical performances of the property-modified prebaked anodes containing additives were tested in laboratory. On the basis of ideal t...A kind of complex additive mainly containing Al, Mg, F, and O was prepared. The synthetical performances of the property-modified prebaked anodes containing additives were tested in laboratory. On the basis of ideal testing results obtained, a large number of industrial prebaked property-modified anodes are prepared in a large-scale aluminum company. Further more, they are all used in 160 kA prebaked anode aluminum electrolysis cells. The statistic result show that, compared with common anodes, the property-modified ones enhance current by 11.6 kg per ton aluminum averagely.展开更多
The experiments have proved that Os(Ⅳ) has very strong catalytic effect on the chlorate oxidation of As(Ⅲ) in perchloric acid media, and As(Ⅲ) exhibits a sensitive single-sweep oscillopolarographic wave at-0.75 V v...The experiments have proved that Os(Ⅳ) has very strong catalytic effect on the chlorate oxidation of As(Ⅲ) in perchloric acid media, and As(Ⅲ) exhibits a sensitive single-sweep oscillopolarographic wave at-0.75 V vs. SCE. The kinetics of this catalytic reaction has been investigated by the initial rate procedure. The mechanism has been proposed. A new and highly sensitive catalytic reaction-oscillopolarographic method for the determination of ultratrace amounts of osmium has been described, based on the Os(Ⅳ) catalytic effect on the reaction. The linear range of 5.0×10^(-11)-4.4×10^(-9) mol/L and 6.0×10^(-9)-1.3×10^(-7) mol/L Os was obtained using the fixed-time procedure and the initial rate procedure, respectively. Osmium in refined ore was analysed by this method.展开更多
Objective: To study the basic prescriptions of drugs and points for point application in summer to treat the diseases with attacks in winter and the law governing their compatibility. Methods: A database was set up by...Objective: To study the basic prescriptions of drugs and points for point application in summer to treat the diseases with attacks in winter and the law governing their compatibility. Methods: A database was set up by collecting and sorting out the relevant literature, and the analysis was made with the complex network. Results: It was found that Bai Jie Zi (白芥子 Semen Sinapis Albae), Xi Xin (细辛 Herba Asari), Gan Sui (甘遂 Radix Euphorbiae Kansui) and Yan Hu Suo (延胡索 Rhizoma Corydalis) were used as the basic prescriptions of drugs, Feishu (BL 13), Dazhui (GV 14) and Shanzhong (CV 17) were selected as the basic prescription of points. Conclusion: The knowledge obtained from the complex networks on the basic prescriptions of drugs and points for point-application in summer to treat diseases with attacks in winter can provide a data support for working out operation norms and carrying on verification research.展开更多
基金Major Science and Technology Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences:Research on the Key Techniques of Clinical Evaluation of New Chinese Medicine under the System of Three-in-one Combination Evidence Review(No.CI2021A04701)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To provide the evidence for the efficacy of acupoint application(AA)for patients with diarrhea in a real-world setting.METHODS:This study is a national multicenter retrospective cohort study.Our study consecutively collected outpatient medical records of patients with diarrhea from hundreds of primary hospitals nationwide registered in Chun Bo Wan Xiang cloud platform from 22nd August,2020 to 5th November,2020.The patients were divided into the treatment group and the control group according to patient's condition and willingness.The control group was treated with Western Medicine,oral Chinese Medicine decoction,or both.The treatment group was added with AA based on the control group.Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent efficacy of AA in diarrheal recovery on the 3rd,7th,14th and 28th day.As a next step,we also performed stratified analysis and likelihood ratio test(LRT).Sensitivity analyses included propensity score matching(PSM),four PSM-related analyses and E-value.RESULTS:The treatment group showed better efficacy than the control group on the 14th and 28th day[the 14th day:OR=1.58,95%CI(1.15,2.19),P=0.005;the 28th day:OR=2.03,95%CI(1.43,2.88),P<0.001].No difference was observed in efficacy of AA for the treatment of diarrhea among the subgroups(P>0.05).PSM-related analyses confirmed the efficacy of AA in diarrheal recovery.The findings are unlikely to be nullified by an unmeasured confounding variable according to the results of E-values.CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy in the treatment group was significantly more improved than that in the control group on the 14th and 28th day.
文摘Ⅰ. Introduction Over the past two decades, microwave remote sensing has evolved into a focal point in the remote sensing area. This is due to the fact that in microwave band, we can acquire physical parameters about ocean, terrain and atmosphere on all weather condition. Research and application work about the aerial passive micro wave remote sensors has been done at Changchun Institute of Geography since 1973, under the unitary planning of Academia Sinica. Microwave radiometers of six freqency bands have been developed. Numerous remote sensing experiments were carried out, and large amount of scientific data were accumulated. Recently, theoretical models have
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81271248 and 81400933)
文摘Recent research has shown that defined sets of exogenous factors are sufficient to convert rodent and human somatic cells directly into induced neural stem cells or neural precursor cells（iNSCs/iNPCs）.The process of transdifferentiation bypasses the step of a pluripotent state and reduces the risk of tumorigenesis and genetic instability while retaining the self-renewing capacity.This iNSC/iNPC technology has fueled much excitement in regenerative medicine,as these cells can be differentiated into target cells for replacement therapy for neurodegenerative diseases.Patients＇ somatic cell-derived iNSCs/iNPCs have also been proposed to serve as disease models with potential value in both fundamental studies and clinical applications.This review focuses on the mechanisms,techniques,and applications of iNSCs/iNPCs from a series of related studies,as well as further efforts in designing novel strategies using iNSC/iNPC technology and its potential applications in neurodegenerative diseases.
文摘Systematic experimental studies on partial melting and subsolidus equilibration of three reconstituted spinel-peridotites have been carried out at temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1380℃ and pressures of 1.0 and 1.5 GPa. The results shows (1) during partial melting, Mg# [=Mg/(Mg+Fe)]and Cr# [=Cr/(Cr-Al)]of spinel increase with an increase in degrees of melting) (2) during subsolidus equilibration, with increasing temperatures, Mg# of spinel increases but Cr# of spinel remains almost unchanged in dunite and increases slightly in Iherzolite and harzburgite. The negative and quasi-linear Mg# -Cr# correlation of spinel represents an isotherm of total non-equilibrium. The same results have been obtained by means of mathematical modelling. It is also proved by Mg# -Cr# correlation of spinel in natural peridotites. As a result of the spinel subsolidus equilibration, only variation of Cr# of spinel is limited, and then Cr# of spinel can be used to estimate the relative degree of melting undergone by host rocks. The bigger Cr# of spinel is, the higher the degree of melting will be. By contrast, during crystallization magma, Mg# and Cr# of spinel decrease with decreasing temperatures. Likewise, Cr# of spinel in basalts may be used to indicate the feature of Cr2O3/Al2O3 of magma, and the compositional zoning of spinel may be used to study the evolution of magma (cooling rate and contamination).
文摘Patchwork art culture has a long history and is also a kind of aestheticism fashion popular in the internet.Patchwork art of Baijia clothes is taken as the research object,and various application of patchwork art in Chinese traditional costumes in past thousand years is explained.As cultural identity of the Chinese nation,patchwork continuously nourishes and enriches world cultural relics.Its application research not only could bring rich inspiration for modern costume art but also has important actual significance and higher historical value.
文摘Bluetooth technology emerged over twenty years ago and has continuously improved throughout the years to meet diverse and complex applications. Initially invented to replace the need for physical data cables, Bluetooth offers users a quick and easy way to share data files over a wireless network. Traffic engineers and transportation engineering researchers have utilized the potential opportunities that exist with Bluetooth and have implemented this technology into traffic monitoring techniques. To gain a better understanding of Bluetooth sensors and how they work, a comprehensive literature search was conducted. Twenty-five articles were studied regarding case studies of Bluetooth sensor implementation for travel time measurement. Besides reviewing the literature and previous case studies, three new case studies in the State of Delaware, USA, were also conducted and carefully analyzed. The benefits and drawbacks associated with Bluetooth technology for travel time measurements have been identified in this paper. The overall conclusion of the authors is Bluetooth alone and by itself is not a proper technology for travel time measurements. More studies need to be conducted on the accuracy and overall application, before one can confidently utilize the Bluetooth technology for travel time measurements.
文摘A self-consistent-field—configuration interaction(SCF-CI)procedure of studying highly excited vibrational states of bent triatomic molecules is suggested and its application to O_3 is investigated.
文摘Purpose: The authors analyzed the epidemiological and clinical aspects of diabetic retinopathy at the Center for the Application of the Specialized Studies Diploma in Ophthalmology, Gamal Abdel Nasser University (CHU/ Donka) Conakry. Diabetic retinopathy (eye damage: eye and retina) is a serious complication of diabetes that affects 50% of type 2 diabetic patients. The eyes are particularly sensitive to damage to a small vessel. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the retinal localization of diabetic micro angiopathy resulting in impaired blood flow in the affected territories, the consequences of which will determine the clinical manifestations of the disease. DR is the leading cause of vision loss in adults of working age. Patients and Methods: This is a longitudinal prospective study carried out at CADES/O concerning 198 diabetic patients. The selection criteria were that the media be transparent and the fundus accessible over a period of six months from February to July 2018. Results: A total of 73 patients (37%) presented with diabetic retinopathy with an average age of 49.5 +/−9 years. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.6 with a female predominance of 59%. Liberal profession patients were the most numerous 47.5%. Type 2 diabetes was the most common (85.86%). Diabetes fundus assessment was the most common reason for consultation (52%). Arterial hypertension was the most incriminated risk factor (45.45%) followed by the poor balance of diabetes (40.90%), and the age of diabetes (28.28%). 9.5% had diabetic retinopathy complicated by rubella iris, neovascular glaucoma and retinal detachment. Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy is a common condition for which early detection and regular monitoring must be the rule to prevent, slow down or avoids irreversible blindness if possible, induced by this pathology by a good balance of diabetes and good control of associated risk factors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants No. 41461164002 and 41631073)
文摘Objective Nowadays, high-resolution remote sensing technology has brought new changes to surveys of earthquakes, and the quantitative study of seismic faults based on this technology has become a trend in the world(Barzegari et al., 2017). An Mw 7.2 earthquake occurred in Yutian of Xinjiang on the western end of the Altyn Tagh fault on March 21 st, 2008. It is difficult to access this depopulated zone because of the high altitude and only 1–2 months of snowmelt. This study utilized high-resolution
文摘Objective:To make and study computed system for external cardiac massage,monitor of heart and body temperature and observe its clinical effect.Method:The system was made and applied.Result:The effect of system was obvious.Conclusion: The system was an effective clinical equipment in treatment of patient with cardiac arrest.
文摘In experiencing the modern landscape,color is perceived through the sight which relies on both the concrete substance and an Abstract matter-light.In this research,through analyzing the visual property and psychological perception,the 'color' used in modern landscape design is interpreted,and the application forms and methods of color in landscape design are explained in terms of the application and technique of color in site culture.
基金The Key Project of the Ninth Five-Year Plan Period, No. 96-908-05-06
文摘The urban thermal distribution characteristics and its variation are dynamically monitored and synthetically analyzed by using GIS technology. The meteorological satellite data serve as main information source, assisted as auxiliary information sources by the landsat satellite TM data, land use thematic maps and meteorological observed data. A correlated pattern on the ground surface brightness temperatures and air temperatures has been studied and established with good performance of application.
基金Supported by the Dan and Ellie Albert Student Vision Research AwardDoolittle Professorship Fund+2 种基金Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc.Combat Blindness InternationalFundación Visión
文摘AIM： To validate the Peek Acuity mobile phone application in pediatric populations and compare its utility, both economic and diagnostic, against conventional screening methods using a pediatric ophthalmologist examination as the gold standard.METHODS： A cohort of 393 subjects from Fernando de la Mora, Paraguay（ages 6-16 y） were enrolled in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned a starting screening modality among： Peek Acuity, a single line of tumbling E optotypes set at 20/40, and Spot Vision Screener. Once completing the first screening modality, the subjects completed the two remaining techniques. Referral criteria were established based on the most current American Association of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus（AAPOS） recommendations： 20/40 for Peek Acuity and the tumbling E, and refractive error detection for the Spot Vision Screener. Subjects that failed to achieve the cutoff for any of the three screening techniques or subjects that passed the screening but were randomly selected to perform a comprehensive eye exam to determine the false negative rate, were evaluated by a pediatric ophthalmologist. This evaluation was considered the gold standard, and included vision assessment by a Snellen chart, strabismus evaluation, and cycloplegic refraction with dilated fundoscopy.RESULTS： We obtained 48% sensitivity, 83% specificity, 43% positive predictive value, and 86% negative predictive value for Peek Acuity＇s ability to refer compared to evaluation by a pediatric ophthalmologist, failing to achieve a desired sensitivity for implementation. Peek Acuity trended to overestimate the subject＇s visual acuity, providing a higher visual acuity that would not indicate referral for a comprehensive eye examination. However, its high specificity accurately predicted a significant number of children who did not need further evaluation. When comparing the three screening methods, no single screening modality outperformed the others. Peek Acuity represented a technology that was economically feasible compared to other screening modalities in low income settings, due to the prevalence of cell phone use.CONCLUSION： Peek Acuity represents an efficient tool that has potential for implementation in school screenings with different strategies aimed at pediatric populations due to its low cost and high specificity. An increase in sensitivity would improve detection of children with refractive errors.
文摘In this paper, an algorithm for simulating fluid flow and heat transfer for mold filling of shaped castings is presented. The main features of the algorithm include: 1) a simple but practical technique based on VOF method to determine free surface, 2) an explicit scheme of enthalpy to solve the energy equation more efficiently, and 3) an effective treatment to modify the flux deviation due to pressure iteration. In order to verify these methods, well controlled experiments have been repeatedly done with both water analog and gray iron pouring experiments to record the flow patterns and temperature variations. The calculated results are in accordance with the experimental ones. For the applications, the simulated initial temperature distribution right after mold filling was used to analyse subsequent solidification and to predict shrinkage defects. Actual castings were poured and tested in a foundry plant. The reuslts show that the defects predication with considering fluid flow effects is more precise than that without considering the effects.
基金supported by grants from Canadian Institutes of Health Research(Grant Nos.:MOP-42546,MOP-119514,PJT148847).
文摘Use of gold nanoparticles(GNPs)in medicine is an emerging field of translational research with vast clinical implications and exciting therapeutic potential.However,the safety of using GNPs in human subjects is an important question that remains unanswered.This study reviews over 20 clinical trials focused on GNP safety and aims to summarize all the clinical studies,completed and ongoing,to identify whether GNPs are safe to use in humans as a therapeutic platform.In these studies,GNPs were implemented as drug delivery devices,for photothermal therapy,and utilized for their intrinsic therapeutic effects by various routes of delivery.These studies revealed no major safety concerns with the use of GNPs;however,the number of trials and total patient number remains limited.Multi-dose,multicenter blinded trials are required to deepen our understanding of the use of GNPs in clinical settings to facilitate translation of this novel,multifaceted therapeutic device.Expanding clinical trials will require collaboration between clinicians,scientists,and biotechnology companies.
基金provided by Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme-Ⅱ(TEQIP-Ⅱ)at MNNIT Allahabad
文摘In the present study, bond-coats for thermal barrier coatings were deposited via air plasma spraying（APS） techniques onto Inconel 800 and Hastelloy C-276 alloy substrates. Scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, and atomic force microscopy（AFM） were used to investigate the phases and microstructure of the as-sprayed, APS-deposited Co Ni Cr Al Y bond-coatings. The aim of this work was to study the suitability of the bond-coat materials for high temperature applications. Confirmation of nanoscale grains of the γ/γ′-phase was obtained by TEM, high-resolution TEM, and AFM. We concluded that these changes result from the plastic deformation of the bond-coat during the deposition, resulting in Co Ni Cr Al Y bond-coatings with excellent thermal cyclic resistance suitable for use in high-temperature applications. Cyclic oxidative stability was observed to also depend on the underlying metallic alloy substrate.
文摘A kind of complex additive mainly containing Al, Mg, F, and O was prepared. The synthetical performances of the property-modified prebaked anodes containing additives were tested in laboratory. On the basis of ideal testing results obtained, a large number of industrial prebaked property-modified anodes are prepared in a large-scale aluminum company. Further more, they are all used in 160 kA prebaked anode aluminum electrolysis cells. The statistic result show that, compared with common anodes, the property-modified ones enhance current by 11.6 kg per ton aluminum averagely.
文摘The experiments have proved that Os(Ⅳ) has very strong catalytic effect on the chlorate oxidation of As(Ⅲ) in perchloric acid media, and As(Ⅲ) exhibits a sensitive single-sweep oscillopolarographic wave at-0.75 V vs. SCE. The kinetics of this catalytic reaction has been investigated by the initial rate procedure. The mechanism has been proposed. A new and highly sensitive catalytic reaction-oscillopolarographic method for the determination of ultratrace amounts of osmium has been described, based on the Os(Ⅳ) catalytic effect on the reaction. The linear range of 5.0×10^(-11)-4.4×10^(-9) mol/L and 6.0×10^(-9)-1.3×10^(-7) mol/L Os was obtained using the fixed-time procedure and the initial rate procedure, respectively. Osmium in refined ore was analysed by this method.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2006CB504601) the National Key Technology R&D Program (No. 2008BA53B00)
文摘Objective: To study the basic prescriptions of drugs and points for point application in summer to treat the diseases with attacks in winter and the law governing their compatibility. Methods: A database was set up by collecting and sorting out the relevant literature, and the analysis was made with the complex network. Results: It was found that Bai Jie Zi (白芥子 Semen Sinapis Albae), Xi Xin (细辛 Herba Asari), Gan Sui (甘遂 Radix Euphorbiae Kansui) and Yan Hu Suo (延胡索 Rhizoma Corydalis) were used as the basic prescriptions of drugs, Feishu (BL 13), Dazhui (GV 14) and Shanzhong (CV 17) were selected as the basic prescription of points. Conclusion: The knowledge obtained from the complex networks on the basic prescriptions of drugs and points for point-application in summer to treat diseases with attacks in winter can provide a data support for working out operation norms and carrying on verification research.
