Aim: To explore the possible mechanisms of male infertility caused by antisperm antibody (AsAb). Methods: Thesoluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) level in serum was analyzed by ELISA and Na^+ -K^+ -exchanging ATPas...Aim: To explore the possible mechanisms of male infertility caused by antisperm antibody (AsAb). Methods: Thesoluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) level in serum was analyzed by ELISA and Na^+ -K^+ -exchanging ATPase activi-ty in semen by phosphorus (Pi) assay. Results: The slL-2R level in serum was significantly higher and the Na^+ -K^+ -exchanging ATPase activity in semen significantly lower in AsAb positive infertile men when compared with thecontrols. Conclusion: The AsAb titer varies with the slL-2R level in serum. A decrease in Na^+ -K^+ -exchangingATPase activity in semen may play a role in male infertility caused by AsAb.展开更多
Objective To determine the role of the circulating antisperm antibody （ASA） in the pathogenesis of missed abortion at the first-trimester pregnancy. Methods Sixty-two patients with a history of missed abortion at th...Objective To determine the role of the circulating antisperm antibody （ASA） in the pathogenesis of missed abortion at the first-trimester pregnancy. Methods Sixty-two patients with a history of missed abortion at the first-trimester pregnancy were enrolled into this study. Indirect immunobead test （IBT） was used to measure the circulating ASA levels. Fifty healthy women with the first-trimester pregnancy set as the control. Results No case had the positive level of ASA according to the World Health Organization criteria （50% or more of the motile sperm with immunobead binding）. Only 1 case in patient group and 1 case in the control had 10%-20% of the motile spermatozoa with ASA-IgG bead binding. In both patient and control groups, ASA-IgA was found to be completely negative binding. Conclusion The circulating ASA is not associated with the pathogenesis of missed abortions at the first-trimester pregnancy.展开更多
Objective To identify the sperm membrane proteins that are associated with antisperm antibody Methods Using antisperm antibody positive serum through unidimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 2-dimensi...Objective To identify the sperm membrane proteins that are associated with antisperm antibody Methods Using antisperm antibody positive serum through unidimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by Western blot analysis to determine the molecular weights (MW) and isoelectric points (pI) of sperm membrane proteins that are associated with antisperm antibody. Results Eight kinds of MW with more than ten sperm membrane proteins can be recognized by antisperm antibody positive serum, of which the MWs and pI were 23 kD, 31 kD, 32 kD, 34 kD, 41 kD, 51 kD, 60 kD, 78 kD and 5.3, 5.5,5.7, 5.0, 5.3, 5.8, 6.0, 5.5～6.2, 4.6,5.1,5.5～5.8 respectively. The identification ratios of the sperm membrane proteins on 78 kD (60.7%), 60 kD (71.4%), 51 kD (14.9%) and 23 kD (14.29%) were higher. Conclusion The sperm membrane proteins with MW of 78 kD, 60 kD, 51 kD and 23 kD were associated with antisperm antibody and immunological infertility. Two- dimensional gel electrophoresis and Western blotting can precisely identify the sperm membrane proteins that are associated with antisperm antibody.展开更多
Objective To investigate the role of circulating antisperm antibody （ASA） in the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated infertility. Methods Serum samples were collected from 75 infertile women with minimal or mil...Objective To investigate the role of circulating antisperm antibody （ASA） in the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated infertility. Methods Serum samples were collected from 75 infertile women with minimal or mild endometriosis. Indirect immunobead test reporting on the percentage of motile sperm with adherent immunobeads was used to detect the circulating ASA levels. Results No infertile cases enrolled in the present study developed significant ASA level in the serum samples. That is to say, no one could achieve the diagnosis of ASAmediated infertility according to the World Health Organization criteria （50% or more of the motile sperm with immunobead binding）. There were only 5 cases （6.7%） who had 20%-40% of the motile sperm that were found to have adherent particles of ASA- IgG. All the cases were found to be completely absent of ASA-IgA. Conclusion Endometriosis seems to have little impact on the production of circulating ASA. Clearly, ASA is not the key factor implicated in the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated infertility. The presence of a low titer of ASA in a small proportion of the infertile women with endometriosis may exist by chance and, at least in part, explain the impaired fecundity in those patients.展开更多
Objective To evaluate levels of the circulating antisperm antibody （ASA） in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS）.Methods Forty-six infertile women with PCOS were enrolled into this study. The seru...Objective To evaluate levels of the circulating antisperm antibody （ASA） in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS）.Methods Forty-six infertile women with PCOS were enrolled into this study. The serum was screened by the indirect immunobead test for ASA type IgG and IgA according to the WHO laboratory manual.Results Of the 46 patients assessed for ASA-IgG, 3 cases had immunobead binding which were 20%, 27% and 35%, respectively, and the sub-positive rate was 6.5%. No case had the clinical positive level according to the WHO criteria （50% or more of the motile sperm with immunobead binding）. ASA-IgA was not detected in all cases. Conclusion The circulating ASA is not associated with the pathogenesis of infertile women with PCOS.展开更多
To evaluate the level of antisperm antibody （ASA） in infertile men with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia （OAT）. Methods Forty-six infertile men with OAT were enrolled into this study. Sperm samples were screened by th...To evaluate the level of antisperm antibody （ASA） in infertile men with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia （OAT）. Methods Forty-six infertile men with OAT were enrolled into this study. Sperm samples were screened by the direct immunobead test for ASA type IgG and lgA according to the WHO laboratory manual. Results Of the 46 patients with OAT assessed for ASA-IgG, 2 had immunobead binding which were 22% and 27%, respectively, and the sub-positive rate was 4.3%. No case had the clinical positive level according to the WHO criteria （ ≥ 50% of the motile sperm with immunobead binding）. ASA-IgA was not detected in all cases. Conclusion A significant incidence or high level of ASA could not be found in infertile men with OAT, which suggests that ASA is not associated with the pathogenesis of infertile men with OAT.展开更多
Aims: To explore the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) for treatment of male immune infertility patients and to observe the effect of EA on antisperm antibody (AsAb) positive reaction. Methods: A total of ...Aims: To explore the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) for treatment of male immune infertility patients and to observe the effect of EA on antisperm antibody (AsAb) positive reaction. Methods: A total of 100 male infertility AsAb positive patients were randomized into EA group (n=50, BL 15, BL 17, 18, 23, etc.) and medication group (n=50, oral administration of prednisone, 5 mg/time, t.i.d.). Serum and sperm AsAb were determined with enzyme immunoassay technique. Results: Following 4 months’ treatment, the cure rates and the total effective rates of EA and medication groups were 40.4% (20 cases/50 cases) and 92.0% (45/50), 10.0% (5/50) and 64.0% (32/50) respectively. The cure rate of EA group was significantly superior to that of medication group (P<0.01). But, no significant difference was found between two groups in the total effective rate (P>0.05). After treatment, AsAb positive rates of both groups particularly that of EA group decreased significantly compared with pre treatment of each group (P<0.05-0.01). Conclusion: EA treatment can work well in the treatment of some immune mediated male infertility patients and possesses a favorable regulation action on AsAb reaction.展开更多
Objective To investigate whether hemospermia is involved in the production of antisperm antibodies （ASA）. Methods A total of 40 males with hemospermia were enrolled in this study. These males were divided into 3 gro...Objective To investigate whether hemospermia is involved in the production of antisperm antibodies （ASA）. Methods A total of 40 males with hemospermia were enrolled in this study. These males were divided into 3 groups according to their fertile status： 18 cases were patients who visited the infertility clinic （group A）, 8 had fertility （group B）, and 14 did not know their fertile status （group C）. Semen samples were collected and ASA levels were detected by the direct immunobead test （D-IBT）. Leukocytes in semen were assessed by the peroxi- dase assay. Results None of these males with hemospermia were found to display significant levels of ASA in the 3 groups. The number of cases who had increased levels of leukocytes in the semen samples of groups A, B and C were 15 （83.3%）, 6 （75.0%） and 12 （85.7%）, respectively. Conclusion Hemospermia is not associated with the production of ASA. It is worth noting that the leukocyte levels are increased in semen of males with hemospermia.展开更多
The antisperm antibodies (AsAbs) coated on spermatoZoa of the proximal vas deferens (sperm before ejaculation, SBE) from 48 fertile men who were volunteers of vasectomy and 24 vasectomized men who asked for vasovasoto...The antisperm antibodies (AsAbs) coated on spermatoZoa of the proximal vas deferens (sperm before ejaculation, SBE) from 48 fertile men who were volunteers of vasectomy and 24 vasectomized men who asked for vasovasotomy,were determined by immunobead test (IBT) and sperm-cervical mucus contact test (SCMC). The results showed that in fertile men there were no positive samples of SBE in IBT and SCMC. In vasectomized men positive samples of SBE were found in 79.4% for IgG, 38.2% for IgA and 35.5% for SCMC. The AsAbs on SBE could be found at the time of less than one year to more than 3 years after vasectomy. The AsAbs were still found on the semen samples at 1~3months after vasovasotomy. Our results also indicated that the incidence of AsAbs on SBE from vasectomized men could not predict the levels of AsAbs on their ejaculated sperm after vasovasotomy. There was no significant correlation between the levels of AsAbs in serium before vasovasotomy and those on SBE from vasectomized men.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the level of antisperm antibody （ASA） in infertile women with chronic salpingtis. Methods Forty-eight infertile women with chronic salpingtis were enrolled into this study. Serum samples were s...Objective To evaluate the level of antisperm antibody （ASA） in infertile women with chronic salpingtis. Methods Forty-eight infertile women with chronic salpingtis were enrolled into this study. Serum samples were screened by the direct immunobead test for ASA type IgG and IgA according to the WHO laboratory manual. About 50% or more of the motile sperm attaching to one or more immunobeads were regarded as clinical positivity according to the WHO criteria. About 20% 50% motile sperm that had adherent particles were deemed to be sub-positive. Results Of the 48 patients with chronic salpingtis assessed for ASA-IgG, 4 had immunobead bindings ranged from 50% to 60%, and the positive rate was 8.3%. In addition, 5 cases had 20%-40% of immunobead bindings, and the sub-positive rate was 10.4%. For ASA-IgA detecting, 2 cases with ASA-IgG positivity also had ASA-IgA immunobead bindings, and the positive rates were 22%, and 28%, respectively. Conclusion The incidence of ASA could be found in infertile women with chronic salpingtis, which suggests that an increased risk for the production of ASA would exist in the inflammatory status o f fallopian tube.展开更多
Passive immunization of female mice by the intraperitoneal administration of ascitic fluidscontaining monoclonal antisperm antibodies blocked the development of mouse zygotes tomorulae and blastocysts when cultured in...Passive immunization of female mice by the intraperitoneal administration of ascitic fluidscontaining monoclonal antisperm antibodies blocked the development of mouse zygotes tomorulae and blastocysts when cultured in vitro.Radioiodinated YWK-I monoclonal anti-bodies were prepared and administered intraperitoneally to Jemale mice.Significant radioac-tivity was found in washes of the oviductal lumens.The results suggest that antispermantibodies block fertilization and may have a deleterious effect on early developing embryos.展开更多
To investigate the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the rate of sperm acrosome reaction both in normal and antisperm antibody (AsAb) positive men. Methods: The sperm acrosome reaction was tested with triple...To investigate the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the rate of sperm acrosome reaction both in normal and antisperm antibody (AsAb) positive men. Methods: The sperm acrosome reaction was tested with triplestain technique in two groups of 18 men each. Results: (1) GABA increased the rate of sperm acrosome reaction both in normal and AsAb positive subjects (P<0.01); (2) GABA increased the Na^+-K^+-ATPase activity of sperm (P<0.01); (3)GABA increased the Ca^(2+)-ATPase activity of sperm (P<0.05); (4) GABA decreased the production of MDA and oxygen free radicals of sperm. Conclusion: GABA could regulate the rate of sperm acrosome reaction. (Chin J Andro12002; 16: 355)展开更多
Objective: To study the relationship between semen viscosity and other semen parameters, Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection and seminal plasma antisperm antibody (AsAb) in male infertiles. Methods: Semen parameters...Objective: To study the relationship between semen viscosity and other semen parameters, Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection and seminal plasma antisperm antibody (AsAb) in male infertiles. Methods: Semen parameters, Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection and antisperm antibody (AsAb) were measured and analyzed in 4337 infertile men. Results: The seminal viscosity was higherr than normal in 65.02 % of 4337 male infertiles. The sperm motility and grade (a, b) motile sperm were significantly lower in the high viscosity group than in the normal viscosity group (P<0.05-0.01). The rate of abnormal morphology sperm was higher and duration of semen liquefaction was longer in the high viscosity than in the normal viscosity group (P<0.01). The seminal volume, sperm concentration and semen pH were not significantly different between the two groups. The semen viscosity is significantly higher in subjects with higher seminal WBC (>5/ HP) than in those with lower WBC (<5/HP). The positive AsAb and UU infection rates were significantly higher in the high viscosity group (P<0.01). Conclusion: The semen viscosity is related to other seminal parameters, as well as to UU infection and seminal AsAb.展开更多
Circulating antisperm antibodies (AsAb) and immunosuppressive material in seminal plasma (SPIM)were determined by solid-phase enzyme staining assay and anticomplement test respectively in 686 patients with abortion (i...Circulating antisperm antibodies (AsAb) and immunosuppressive material in seminal plasma (SPIM)were determined by solid-phase enzyme staining assay and anticomplement test respectively in 686 patients with abortion (including 285 couples) . 241 fertile couple served as control. It’s found that the positive rate of AsAb in infertile patients was significantly higher than that in fertile control,being 36.6% vs 3.3% (P【0.001). AsAb was even more offen detected in recurrent aborting patients. Male patients whose spouses aborted 2-6 fetuses had significantly less SPIM than control, sperm count and sperm motility were also significantly decreased. But the incidence of pyospermia was significantly greater than that in control. It is concluded that AsAb and SPIM have played an important role in the development of recurrent abortions.展开更多
To identify the sperm membrane antigens associated with antisperm antibody. Methods: The antisperm antibody in serum was tested by ELISA. Antisperm antibody positive sera from 18 infertile men and 15 infertile women w...To identify the sperm membrane antigens associated with antisperm antibody. Methods: The antisperm antibody in serum was tested by ELISA. Antisperm antibody positive sera from 18 infertile men and 15 infertile women were used. The molecular weight (MW) of sperm membrane antigens associated with the antisperm antibody was analyzed with antisperm antibody positive serum using Western blot. Results: Eight kinds of MW of sperm membrane antigens were identified. The ratio of identification on the 78 KD(60.7 %), 60KD (71.4 %), 51 KD (14.9 %) and 23 KD (14.29 %) sperm antigen was higher than others. Conclusion: Sperm membrane antigens with MW of 78 KD, 60 KD, 51 KD and 23 KD were associated with antisperm antibody and immunological infertility. (Chin J Andro12002; 16: 345)展开更多
Background: The study of ASA etiology is very important in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility. Studies of presence of antisperm antibodies in the bodies of unmarried women are very rare, so that this article a...Background: The study of ASA etiology is very important in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility. Studies of presence of antisperm antibodies in the bodies of unmarried women are very rare, so that this article aims at studying the possible causes and interpretations behind the development of antisperm antibodies in virgins. Methodology: The study included 5 single women with positive ASA. Description and clinical history of the patients was assessed by special questionnaire provided for this purpose. All laboratory investigations and diagnostic procedures were done in the hospital from 1st August to 15th December 2017. Results: The mean serum antisperm antibody concentrations (64.3 IU/ml) which is considered positive titer. The incidence of ASA among virgins is 2.22%. Complete blood count is normal except for slight increase in WBC count and percentage of basophils, monocytes and lymphocytes. This study recorded high concentrations of serum total IgG and IgM levels (1875 IU/ml and 295 IU/ml respectively). The UTI was confirmed by counting total bacterial concentration (178,250 CFU/ml) in the urine, and diagnosis of suspected causes showed the following species: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Proteus mirabilis. Conclusions: There are two suggested mechanisms to explain ASA in virgins: 1) antigen cross-reactivity between sperm and bacterial antigens to which antibodies can react;2) induction of the immune system by antigens of sperm ingested into the gastrointestinal tract with contaminated food and drink. Recommendations: it is recommended to conduct a research study that include a large number of virgins for investigating ASA to confirm our results and build a scientific generalizations , in addition to animal studies for testing the role of sperm ingestion in the induction of immune system.展开更多
<em>Background</em><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: In more than 50% of male subfertility, the aetiology remains unknown....<em>Background</em><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: In more than 50% of male subfertility, the aetiology remains unknown. Antisperm antibodies (ASA) might be involved, however the exact role of ASA in unexplained male subfertility is not clear, yet. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: The aim of this study was to examine 1) the prevalence of ASA in subfertile men, 2) the possible causes of the presence of ASA, and 3) the influence of ASA on sperm parameters and fertilization including assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and pregnancy outcomes. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Study Design</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Size</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Duration: </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In this retrospective single center study, all men with semen analyses between January 2003 and December 2017 were included as well as all subfertile couples getting treatment if at least one sperm analysis showed a spermMar test ≥50%. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: Collected parameters were: intoxications, medication and professions that could have an adverse effect on fertility, sperm parameters, the type and amount of ART, mode of conception, pregnancy rates and outcomes. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><i> </i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3098 semen analyses were performed. In total, 233 ASA positive men were observed, including 175 subfertile couples with an ASA positive man in the additional analyses. The prevalence of ASA in the subfertile population was 8.2%. The presence of ASA was significantly associated with the presence of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT), asthenoteratozoospermia and asthenozoospermia (p = 0.008, p = 0.004, and p = 0.02 respectively). However, 50% of the couples with an ASA positive man became pregnant without ART. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: The presence of ASA did not seem to have a negative effect on spontaneously pregnancy rates or pregnancy rates after ART. Therefore, it might be justified to advice 6 - 12 months expectant management, before starting ART in ASA positive men.</span></span>展开更多
ELISA method was used to detect antisperm antibodies in cervix mucus. Out of 400 women whose husbands had sperms, 92 were antisperm antibody positive (23% ). 42 of 200 women with azoospermic partners were antisperm an...ELISA method was used to detect antisperm antibodies in cervix mucus. Out of 400 women whose husbands had sperms, 92 were antisperm antibody positive (23% ). 42 of 200 women with azoospermic partners were antisperm antibody positive (21% ). No difference was found between the two groups. Hence, antisperm antibodies in azoospermic men's wives may be caused by sperm'sadhering antigens in semina.展开更多
Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of combination of Zhuanyindan (ZYD, 转阴丹, a self-made Chinese herbal preparation) and hormone in treating male infertility with positive antisperm antibody and its influen...Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of combination of Zhuanyindan (ZYD, 转阴丹, a self-made Chinese herbal preparation) and hormone in treating male infertility with positive antisperm antibody and its influence on nitric oxide (NO) level. Methods:Eighty-two patients were randomly divided (according to the digital list) into the WM group (n = 20, treated with prednisone), the TCM group (n=28, treated with ZYD) and the ICWM group (n=34, treated with prednisone plus ZYD). The clinical effect, negative converting rate of antisperm antibody, changes of NO level in semen and various parameters of sperm motion before and after treatment were observed. Results: The total effective rate in the ICWM group was 88.2%, that in theTCM group 75. 0% and in the WM group 65. 0%. Significant difference was seen in the ICWM and TCM group before and after treatment in NO level, sperm motion parameters, including linear motion speed, linearity, propulsion, whip frequency, sperm vitality and mean moving angle, and quality of semen ( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). In the WM group, significant difference in comparison before and after treatment was seen in NO level, propulsion, whip frequency, mean moving angle and quality of semen, including vitality and survival rate (P<0. 01). Conclusion: Combination of Chinese herbs and hormone could lower the NO level in semen and improve the quality of sperm.Original article on CJITWM (Chin) 2004 ;23 (3): 223展开更多
Objective To study the influence of maternal immunological factors on clinical pregnancy outcome in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF ET) program. Methods One hundred and fifty IVF ET treatment c...Objective To study the influence of maternal immunological factors on clinical pregnancy outcome in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF ET) program. Methods One hundred and fifty IVF ET treatment cycles from November 1995 to November 1996 were studied. The indication for IVF ET treatment was bilateral blocked tubes. Serum antisperm antibodies and anticardiolipin antibodies were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cleavage rate and successful pregnancy rate in relation to antibody status of infertile women after IVF ET treatment were assessed. Results Lower cleavage rate (64.2%±32.1%) was found in 44 cycles of antisperm antibody seropositive women, compared with 84.8%±18.7% in 106 cycles of seronegative women (P<0.05). The clinical pregnancy rate was 31.8% in antisperm antibody positive cycles and 20.8% in negative cycles (P> 0.05). The abortion rates of the two groups were similar (P>0.05). Lower pregnancy rate (9.5%) was found in 21 cycles of serum anticardiolipin antibody positive group, compared with 26.3% in 129 cycles of seronegative women (P<0.05). Of patients with bio chemical pregnancy and no pregnancy, 20.0% and 16.2%, respectively, had seropositive anticardiolipin antibody, compared with 5.6% of patients with clinical pregnancy (P<0.05). Conclusion Serum immunological factors may play a part in clinical pregnancy outcome in IVF ET.展开更多
文摘Aim: To explore the possible mechanisms of male infertility caused by antisperm antibody (AsAb). Methods: Thesoluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) level in serum was analyzed by ELISA and Na^+ -K^+ -exchanging ATPase activi-ty in semen by phosphorus (Pi) assay. Results: The slL-2R level in serum was significantly higher and the Na^+ -K^+ -exchanging ATPase activity in semen significantly lower in AsAb positive infertile men when compared with thecontrols. Conclusion: The AsAb titer varies with the slL-2R level in serum. A decrease in Na^+ -K^+ -exchangingATPase activity in semen may play a role in male infertility caused by AsAb.
文摘Objective To determine the role of the circulating antisperm antibody （ASA） in the pathogenesis of missed abortion at the first-trimester pregnancy. Methods Sixty-two patients with a history of missed abortion at the first-trimester pregnancy were enrolled into this study. Indirect immunobead test （IBT） was used to measure the circulating ASA levels. Fifty healthy women with the first-trimester pregnancy set as the control. Results No case had the positive level of ASA according to the World Health Organization criteria （50% or more of the motile sperm with immunobead binding）. Only 1 case in patient group and 1 case in the control had 10%-20% of the motile spermatozoa with ASA-IgG bead binding. In both patient and control groups, ASA-IgA was found to be completely negative binding. Conclusion The circulating ASA is not associated with the pathogenesis of missed abortions at the first-trimester pregnancy.
文摘Objective To identify the sperm membrane proteins that are associated with antisperm antibody Methods Using antisperm antibody positive serum through unidimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by Western blot analysis to determine the molecular weights (MW) and isoelectric points (pI) of sperm membrane proteins that are associated with antisperm antibody. Results Eight kinds of MW with more than ten sperm membrane proteins can be recognized by antisperm antibody positive serum, of which the MWs and pI were 23 kD, 31 kD, 32 kD, 34 kD, 41 kD, 51 kD, 60 kD, 78 kD and 5.3, 5.5,5.7, 5.0, 5.3, 5.8, 6.0, 5.5～6.2, 4.6,5.1,5.5～5.8 respectively. The identification ratios of the sperm membrane proteins on 78 kD (60.7%), 60 kD (71.4%), 51 kD (14.9%) and 23 kD (14.29%) were higher. Conclusion The sperm membrane proteins with MW of 78 kD, 60 kD, 51 kD and 23 kD were associated with antisperm antibody and immunological infertility. Two- dimensional gel electrophoresis and Western blotting can precisely identify the sperm membrane proteins that are associated with antisperm antibody.
文摘Objective To investigate the role of circulating antisperm antibody （ASA） in the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated infertility. Methods Serum samples were collected from 75 infertile women with minimal or mild endometriosis. Indirect immunobead test reporting on the percentage of motile sperm with adherent immunobeads was used to detect the circulating ASA levels. Results No infertile cases enrolled in the present study developed significant ASA level in the serum samples. That is to say, no one could achieve the diagnosis of ASAmediated infertility according to the World Health Organization criteria （50% or more of the motile sperm with immunobead binding）. There were only 5 cases （6.7%） who had 20%-40% of the motile sperm that were found to have adherent particles of ASA- IgG. All the cases were found to be completely absent of ASA-IgA. Conclusion Endometriosis seems to have little impact on the production of circulating ASA. Clearly, ASA is not the key factor implicated in the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated infertility. The presence of a low titer of ASA in a small proportion of the infertile women with endometriosis may exist by chance and, at least in part, explain the impaired fecundity in those patients.
文摘Objective To evaluate levels of the circulating antisperm antibody （ASA） in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS）.Methods Forty-six infertile women with PCOS were enrolled into this study. The serum was screened by the indirect immunobead test for ASA type IgG and IgA according to the WHO laboratory manual.Results Of the 46 patients assessed for ASA-IgG, 3 cases had immunobead binding which were 20%, 27% and 35%, respectively, and the sub-positive rate was 6.5%. No case had the clinical positive level according to the WHO criteria （50% or more of the motile sperm with immunobead binding）. ASA-IgA was not detected in all cases. Conclusion The circulating ASA is not associated with the pathogenesis of infertile women with PCOS.
文摘To evaluate the level of antisperm antibody （ASA） in infertile men with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia （OAT）. Methods Forty-six infertile men with OAT were enrolled into this study. Sperm samples were screened by the direct immunobead test for ASA type IgG and lgA according to the WHO laboratory manual. Results Of the 46 patients with OAT assessed for ASA-IgG, 2 had immunobead binding which were 22% and 27%, respectively, and the sub-positive rate was 4.3%. No case had the clinical positive level according to the WHO criteria （ ≥ 50% of the motile sperm with immunobead binding）. ASA-IgA was not detected in all cases. Conclusion A significant incidence or high level of ASA could not be found in infertile men with OAT, which suggests that ASA is not associated with the pathogenesis of infertile men with OAT.
文摘Aims: To explore the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) for treatment of male immune infertility patients and to observe the effect of EA on antisperm antibody (AsAb) positive reaction. Methods: A total of 100 male infertility AsAb positive patients were randomized into EA group (n=50, BL 15, BL 17, 18, 23, etc.) and medication group (n=50, oral administration of prednisone, 5 mg/time, t.i.d.). Serum and sperm AsAb were determined with enzyme immunoassay technique. Results: Following 4 months’ treatment, the cure rates and the total effective rates of EA and medication groups were 40.4% (20 cases/50 cases) and 92.0% (45/50), 10.0% (5/50) and 64.0% (32/50) respectively. The cure rate of EA group was significantly superior to that of medication group (P<0.01). But, no significant difference was found between two groups in the total effective rate (P>0.05). After treatment, AsAb positive rates of both groups particularly that of EA group decreased significantly compared with pre treatment of each group (P<0.05-0.01). Conclusion: EA treatment can work well in the treatment of some immune mediated male infertility patients and possesses a favorable regulation action on AsAb reaction.
文摘Objective To investigate whether hemospermia is involved in the production of antisperm antibodies （ASA）. Methods A total of 40 males with hemospermia were enrolled in this study. These males were divided into 3 groups according to their fertile status： 18 cases were patients who visited the infertility clinic （group A）, 8 had fertility （group B）, and 14 did not know their fertile status （group C）. Semen samples were collected and ASA levels were detected by the direct immunobead test （D-IBT）. Leukocytes in semen were assessed by the peroxi- dase assay. Results None of these males with hemospermia were found to display significant levels of ASA in the 3 groups. The number of cases who had increased levels of leukocytes in the semen samples of groups A, B and C were 15 （83.3%）, 6 （75.0%） and 12 （85.7%）, respectively. Conclusion Hemospermia is not associated with the production of ASA. It is worth noting that the leukocyte levels are increased in semen of males with hemospermia.
文摘The antisperm antibodies (AsAbs) coated on spermatoZoa of the proximal vas deferens (sperm before ejaculation, SBE) from 48 fertile men who were volunteers of vasectomy and 24 vasectomized men who asked for vasovasotomy,were determined by immunobead test (IBT) and sperm-cervical mucus contact test (SCMC). The results showed that in fertile men there were no positive samples of SBE in IBT and SCMC. In vasectomized men positive samples of SBE were found in 79.4% for IgG, 38.2% for IgA and 35.5% for SCMC. The AsAbs on SBE could be found at the time of less than one year to more than 3 years after vasectomy. The AsAbs were still found on the semen samples at 1~3months after vasovasotomy. Our results also indicated that the incidence of AsAbs on SBE from vasectomized men could not predict the levels of AsAbs on their ejaculated sperm after vasovasotomy. There was no significant correlation between the levels of AsAbs in serium before vasovasotomy and those on SBE from vasectomized men.
文摘Objective To evaluate the level of antisperm antibody （ASA） in infertile women with chronic salpingtis. Methods Forty-eight infertile women with chronic salpingtis were enrolled into this study. Serum samples were screened by the direct immunobead test for ASA type IgG and IgA according to the WHO laboratory manual. About 50% or more of the motile sperm attaching to one or more immunobeads were regarded as clinical positivity according to the WHO criteria. About 20% 50% motile sperm that had adherent particles were deemed to be sub-positive. Results Of the 48 patients with chronic salpingtis assessed for ASA-IgG, 4 had immunobead bindings ranged from 50% to 60%, and the positive rate was 8.3%. In addition, 5 cases had 20%-40% of immunobead bindings, and the sub-positive rate was 10.4%. For ASA-IgA detecting, 2 cases with ASA-IgG positivity also had ASA-IgA immunobead bindings, and the positive rates were 22%, and 28%, respectively. Conclusion The incidence of ASA could be found in infertile women with chronic salpingtis, which suggests that an increased risk for the production of ASA would exist in the inflammatory status o f fallopian tube.
基金Supported by Rockefeller Foundation Grant and Mellon Foundation Grant
文摘Passive immunization of female mice by the intraperitoneal administration of ascitic fluidscontaining monoclonal antisperm antibodies blocked the development of mouse zygotes tomorulae and blastocysts when cultured in vitro.Radioiodinated YWK-I monoclonal anti-bodies were prepared and administered intraperitoneally to Jemale mice.Significant radioac-tivity was found in washes of the oviductal lumens.The results suggest that antispermantibodies block fertilization and may have a deleterious effect on early developing embryos.
文摘To investigate the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the rate of sperm acrosome reaction both in normal and antisperm antibody (AsAb) positive men. Methods: The sperm acrosome reaction was tested with triplestain technique in two groups of 18 men each. Results: (1) GABA increased the rate of sperm acrosome reaction both in normal and AsAb positive subjects (P<0.01); (2) GABA increased the Na^+-K^+-ATPase activity of sperm (P<0.01); (3)GABA increased the Ca^(2+)-ATPase activity of sperm (P<0.05); (4) GABA decreased the production of MDA and oxygen free radicals of sperm. Conclusion: GABA could regulate the rate of sperm acrosome reaction. (Chin J Andro12002; 16: 355)
文摘Objective: To study the relationship between semen viscosity and other semen parameters, Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection and seminal plasma antisperm antibody (AsAb) in male infertiles. Methods: Semen parameters, Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection and antisperm antibody (AsAb) were measured and analyzed in 4337 infertile men. Results: The seminal viscosity was higherr than normal in 65.02 % of 4337 male infertiles. The sperm motility and grade (a, b) motile sperm were significantly lower in the high viscosity group than in the normal viscosity group (P<0.05-0.01). The rate of abnormal morphology sperm was higher and duration of semen liquefaction was longer in the high viscosity than in the normal viscosity group (P<0.01). The seminal volume, sperm concentration and semen pH were not significantly different between the two groups. The semen viscosity is significantly higher in subjects with higher seminal WBC (>5/ HP) than in those with lower WBC (<5/HP). The positive AsAb and UU infection rates were significantly higher in the high viscosity group (P<0.01). Conclusion: The semen viscosity is related to other seminal parameters, as well as to UU infection and seminal AsAb.
文摘Circulating antisperm antibodies (AsAb) and immunosuppressive material in seminal plasma (SPIM)were determined by solid-phase enzyme staining assay and anticomplement test respectively in 686 patients with abortion (including 285 couples) . 241 fertile couple served as control. It’s found that the positive rate of AsAb in infertile patients was significantly higher than that in fertile control,being 36.6% vs 3.3% (P【0.001). AsAb was even more offen detected in recurrent aborting patients. Male patients whose spouses aborted 2-6 fetuses had significantly less SPIM than control, sperm count and sperm motility were also significantly decreased. But the incidence of pyospermia was significantly greater than that in control. It is concluded that AsAb and SPIM have played an important role in the development of recurrent abortions.
文摘To identify the sperm membrane antigens associated with antisperm antibody. Methods: The antisperm antibody in serum was tested by ELISA. Antisperm antibody positive sera from 18 infertile men and 15 infertile women were used. The molecular weight (MW) of sperm membrane antigens associated with the antisperm antibody was analyzed with antisperm antibody positive serum using Western blot. Results: Eight kinds of MW of sperm membrane antigens were identified. The ratio of identification on the 78 KD(60.7 %), 60KD (71.4 %), 51 KD (14.9 %) and 23 KD (14.29 %) sperm antigen was higher than others. Conclusion: Sperm membrane antigens with MW of 78 KD, 60 KD, 51 KD and 23 KD were associated with antisperm antibody and immunological infertility. (Chin J Andro12002; 16: 345)
文摘Background: The study of ASA etiology is very important in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility. Studies of presence of antisperm antibodies in the bodies of unmarried women are very rare, so that this article aims at studying the possible causes and interpretations behind the development of antisperm antibodies in virgins. Methodology: The study included 5 single women with positive ASA. Description and clinical history of the patients was assessed by special questionnaire provided for this purpose. All laboratory investigations and diagnostic procedures were done in the hospital from 1st August to 15th December 2017. Results: The mean serum antisperm antibody concentrations (64.3 IU/ml) which is considered positive titer. The incidence of ASA among virgins is 2.22%. Complete blood count is normal except for slight increase in WBC count and percentage of basophils, monocytes and lymphocytes. This study recorded high concentrations of serum total IgG and IgM levels (1875 IU/ml and 295 IU/ml respectively). The UTI was confirmed by counting total bacterial concentration (178,250 CFU/ml) in the urine, and diagnosis of suspected causes showed the following species: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Proteus mirabilis. Conclusions: There are two suggested mechanisms to explain ASA in virgins: 1) antigen cross-reactivity between sperm and bacterial antigens to which antibodies can react;2) induction of the immune system by antigens of sperm ingested into the gastrointestinal tract with contaminated food and drink. Recommendations: it is recommended to conduct a research study that include a large number of virgins for investigating ASA to confirm our results and build a scientific generalizations , in addition to animal studies for testing the role of sperm ingestion in the induction of immune system.
文摘<em>Background</em><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: In more than 50% of male subfertility, the aetiology remains unknown. Antisperm antibodies (ASA) might be involved, however the exact role of ASA in unexplained male subfertility is not clear, yet. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: The aim of this study was to examine 1) the prevalence of ASA in subfertile men, 2) the possible causes of the presence of ASA, and 3) the influence of ASA on sperm parameters and fertilization including assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and pregnancy outcomes. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Study Design</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Size</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Duration: </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In this retrospective single center study, all men with semen analyses between January 2003 and December 2017 were included as well as all subfertile couples getting treatment if at least one sperm analysis showed a spermMar test ≥50%. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: Collected parameters were: intoxications, medication and professions that could have an adverse effect on fertility, sperm parameters, the type and amount of ART, mode of conception, pregnancy rates and outcomes. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span><i> </i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3098 semen analyses were performed. In total, 233 ASA positive men were observed, including 175 subfertile couples with an ASA positive man in the additional analyses. The prevalence of ASA in the subfertile population was 8.2%. The presence of ASA was significantly associated with the presence of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT), asthenoteratozoospermia and asthenozoospermia (p = 0.008, p = 0.004, and p = 0.02 respectively). However, 50% of the couples with an ASA positive man became pregnant without ART. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: The presence of ASA did not seem to have a negative effect on spontaneously pregnancy rates or pregnancy rates after ART. Therefore, it might be justified to advice 6 - 12 months expectant management, before starting ART in ASA positive men.</span></span>
文摘ELISA method was used to detect antisperm antibodies in cervix mucus. Out of 400 women whose husbands had sperms, 92 were antisperm antibody positive (23% ). 42 of 200 women with azoospermic partners were antisperm antibody positive (21% ). No difference was found between the two groups. Hence, antisperm antibodies in azoospermic men's wives may be caused by sperm'sadhering antigens in semina.
文摘Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of combination of Zhuanyindan (ZYD, 转阴丹, a self-made Chinese herbal preparation) and hormone in treating male infertility with positive antisperm antibody and its influence on nitric oxide (NO) level. Methods:Eighty-two patients were randomly divided (according to the digital list) into the WM group (n = 20, treated with prednisone), the TCM group (n=28, treated with ZYD) and the ICWM group (n=34, treated with prednisone plus ZYD). The clinical effect, negative converting rate of antisperm antibody, changes of NO level in semen and various parameters of sperm motion before and after treatment were observed. Results: The total effective rate in the ICWM group was 88.2%, that in theTCM group 75. 0% and in the WM group 65. 0%. Significant difference was seen in the ICWM and TCM group before and after treatment in NO level, sperm motion parameters, including linear motion speed, linearity, propulsion, whip frequency, sperm vitality and mean moving angle, and quality of semen ( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). In the WM group, significant difference in comparison before and after treatment was seen in NO level, propulsion, whip frequency, mean moving angle and quality of semen, including vitality and survival rate (P<0. 01). Conclusion: Combination of Chinese herbs and hormone could lower the NO level in semen and improve the quality of sperm.Original article on CJITWM (Chin) 2004 ;23 (3): 223
文摘Objective To study the influence of maternal immunological factors on clinical pregnancy outcome in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF ET) program. Methods One hundred and fifty IVF ET treatment cycles from November 1995 to November 1996 were studied. The indication for IVF ET treatment was bilateral blocked tubes. Serum antisperm antibodies and anticardiolipin antibodies were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cleavage rate and successful pregnancy rate in relation to antibody status of infertile women after IVF ET treatment were assessed. Results Lower cleavage rate (64.2%±32.1%) was found in 44 cycles of antisperm antibody seropositive women, compared with 84.8%±18.7% in 106 cycles of seronegative women (P<0.05). The clinical pregnancy rate was 31.8% in antisperm antibody positive cycles and 20.8% in negative cycles (P> 0.05). The abortion rates of the two groups were similar (P>0.05). Lower pregnancy rate (9.5%) was found in 21 cycles of serum anticardiolipin antibody positive group, compared with 26.3% in 129 cycles of seronegative women (P<0.05). Of patients with bio chemical pregnancy and no pregnancy, 20.0% and 16.2%, respectively, had seropositive anticardiolipin antibody, compared with 5.6% of patients with clinical pregnancy (P<0.05). Conclusion Serum immunological factors may play a part in clinical pregnancy outcome in IVF ET.
