NiTi alloy has been widely used as orthopedic implant materials due to its unique shape memory properties and superelasticity.However,implantation failure often occurs because of the poor antibacterial ability,antioxi...NiTi alloy has been widely used as orthopedic implant materials due to its unique shape memory properties and superelasticity.However,implantation failure often occurs because of the poor antibacterial ability,antioxidation property and corrosion resistance of the NiTi alloy.In order to overcome the above problems,we constructed Zn/polydopamine(PDA)/Chitosan-Catechol(CS-C)composite coating on the surface of NiTi alloy in this paper.The surface morphology and wettability of the coating were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and optical contact angle measuring instrument,respectively.The results showed that the Zn/CS-C coating was successfully prepared,and exhibited good hydrophilic property,especially the sample Zn/PDA/CS-C-24 h.In addition,the corrosion resistance,antioxidation property and biological properties of the coating were systematically analyzed.The results indicated that the Zn/PDA/CS-C composite coating exhibited good corrosion resistance and antibacterial property,antioxidant property and osteogenic activity,especially sample Zn/PDA/CS-C-24 h.The sample Zn/PDA/CS-C-24 h could effectively protect osteoblasts from reactive oxygen species(ROS)damage and promote cell proliferation and osteoblast differentiation.This study provides a feasible and effective strategy for the surface modification of orthopedic implant.展开更多
A novel Al-alloyed press-hardening steel(PHS)was developed,which exhibits excellent tensile,bending and antioxidation properties.Al is a ferrite-forming element that can hinder the formation of cementite and enhance t...A novel Al-alloyed press-hardening steel(PHS)was developed,which exhibits excellent tensile,bending and antioxidation properties.Al is a ferrite-forming element that can hinder the formation of cementite and enhance the stability of austenite.The incorporation of Al not only induces the formation of ferrite within martensitic matrix but also enhances the stability of retained austenite(RA).The microstructure of novel steel consists of martensite,ferrite,and RA after press hardening.Investigations into the role of Al in RA development were supported by thermo-kinetic calculations.The simultaneous introduction of ferrite and RA into the martensitic matrix via tailored chemical compositions significantly enhances the elongation and bending toughness of the novel PHS.Additionally,Al can form a dense Al oxide at the bottom of oxide layer,resulting in the improved antioxidant properties.Compared to 22MnB5 steel,it is an exciting discovery as there is a significant improvement in total elongation and bending toughness of novel PHS without compromising strength.The novel PHS,with its exceptional balance of strength and ductility,will play a crucial role in reducing weight when it replaces the existing class 22MnB5 PHS in different structural components of vehicle bodies.展开更多
Identification of natural substances with antioxidant properties is ongoing research for addressing issues related to oxidative stress especially attributed to environmental effects.Our previous study demonstrated tha...Identification of natural substances with antioxidant properties is ongoing research for addressing issues related to oxidative stress especially attributed to environmental effects.Our previous study demonstrated that Lateolabrax japonicus peptides(LPH),rich in Glu,Gly,and hydrophobic amino acids,exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity in vitro,with though its action mechanism yet to be revealed.Therefore,to assess the in vivo antioxidative properties of LPH,we employed H_(2)O_(2) to generate oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster model.Results indicated that LPH significantly prolonged the lifespan of Drosophila subjected to oxidative stress mostly mediated via LPH’s enhancement of the antioxidant defense system and intestinal functions.Antioxidant effects were manifested by a decrease in malondialdehyde(MDA)levels,elevated superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities,decreased levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in intestinal epithelial cells,and the preservation of intestinal length.LPH effectively controlled the excessive proliferation and differentiation of oxidative stress-induced Drosophila intestinal stem cells.At the gene level,LPH upregulated the expression of antioxidant-related Nrf2 genes while concurrently downregulated mTOR expression level.Furthermore,high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that the addition of LPH significantly influenced the diversity and abundance of the intestinal microbiota in H_(2)O_(2)-induced Drosophila.These findings provide a deeper understanding of the antioxidative mechanism of LPH,suggesting its potential applications in food industry and to be assessed using other in vivo oxidative stress models.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the chemical composition,antioxidant property,and nematicidal activity of Cucumis metuliferus and establish a theoretical foundation for the development of botanical nematicides.[Methods]The...[Objectives]To investigate the chemical composition,antioxidant property,and nematicidal activity of Cucumis metuliferus and establish a theoretical foundation for the development of botanical nematicides.[Methods]The compounds were isolated and purified using silica gel,reversed-phase medium,low-pressure gel Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography,and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography.Their identification was based on physicochemical properties,various spectral analyses,and data reported in the literature.Subsequently,the nematicidal and antioxidant activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated.[Results]A total of four compounds were isolated from C.metuliferus,which were identified as isovitexin-2″-O-glucoside(compound 1),9E,11E-(13-oxo)tridecadienoic acid(compound 2),2E,4E-tridecadienedioic acid(compound 3),and 9E,11E-(13-hydroxy)tridecadienoic acid(compound 4).Compound 1 demonstrated a notable degree of antioxidant activity,achieving a DPPH scavenging rate of 49.40%at a mass concentration of 1 mg/mL.Additionally,compounds 1,3,and 4 exhibited varying levels of nematicidal activity.Specifically,compound 1 displayed strong nematicidal activity at a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL,resulting in a mortality rate of 90.5%against nematodes.Furthermore,compounds 3 and 4 achieved a mortality rate of 100%against nematodes at a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL.[Conclusions]This study reports the first isolation of four compounds:isovitexin-2″-O-glucoside,9E,11E-(13-oxo)tridecadienoic acid,2E,4E-tridecadienedioic acid,and 9E,11E-(13-hydroxy)tridecadienoic acid from C.metuliferus.Notably,2E,4E-tridecadienedioic acid and 9E,11E-(13-oxo)tridecadienoic acid are identified as novel natural products.Among these compounds,isovitexin-2″-O-glucoside,9E,11E-(13-oxo)tridecadienoic acid,and 9E,11E-(13-hydroxy)tridecadienoic acid exhibit nematicidal activity,whereas isovitexin-2″-O-glucoside demonstrates antioxidant properties.展开更多
The antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of propolis, bee glue, of various climate and orographic characteristics, collected from Italy, Brazil and Russia, was evaluated measuring their inhibitory action on peroxi...The antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of propolis, bee glue, of various climate and orographic characteristics, collected from Italy, Brazil and Russia, was evaluated measuring their inhibitory action on peroxidation of linoleic acid, radical scavenging ability towards 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, total phenolic content and reducing capacity by enzymatic and Folin method respectively. Propolis samples were chemically characterized by HPLC-MS/MS in order to find a possible correlation between antioxidant activity and polyphenols composition and quantification. The results obtained indicate that Italian and Russian propolis samples have similar polyphenolic composition and, as a consequence, almost similar antioxidant activity, while Brazilian propolis evidence lower polyphenolic and antioxidant characteristics. Climate and orography reasons of these differences are also suggested.展开更多
Morus alba,commonly known as white mulberry,is a plant renowned for its diverse range of bioactive compounds that confer numerous health benefits.This review explores the plant’s antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,antican...Morus alba,commonly known as white mulberry,is a plant renowned for its diverse range of bioactive compounds that confer numerous health benefits.This review explores the plant’s antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anticancer,cardiovascular,neuroprotective,hepatoprotective,and antimicrobial properties.The antioxidant effects,primarily attributed to flavonoids,phenolic acids,and terpenoids,help mitigate oxidative stress and protect against various diseases.The anti-inflammatory properties reduce chronic inflammation,while the anticancer compounds induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor growth.Morus alba’s cardiovascular benefits include improved endothelial function and lipid metabolism.Its neuroprotective effects protect the brain from oxidative damage and neuroinflammation,supporting cognitive function.The hepatoprotective activity enhances liver health and prevents damage from toxins.Additionally,the plant’s antimicrobial properties make it effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens.Overall,Morus alba holds significant potential as a natural therapeutic agent,with applications in both traditional and modern medicines.展开更多
To determine the antioxidant activity of the water (WE), methanol (ME), ethanol (EE) and ethyl acetate extracts (EAE) from the leaves of Cistus monspeliensis, several methods such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH...To determine the antioxidant activity of the water (WE), methanol (ME), ethanol (EE) and ethyl acetate extracts (EAE) from the leaves of Cistus monspeliensis, several methods such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay, 2,2’-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation decolorization assay, reducing power assay, metal chelating assay, Thiobarbituric acid test (TBARS) and β-carotene linoleic acid system assay were investigated. Because of the important roles of total phenolics and total flavonoids as antioxidants, the amounts of total phenolics and total flavonoids in the extracts were also determined. The WE and ME showed a higher scavenging activity on the DPPH and ABTS radical. Both extracts also exhibited a strong chelating effect on Fe2+ and performed the best in the reducing power assay. On the other hand, the WE and ME were found to have the higher total phenolic contents (23.13 and 23.25 mg GAE/g of extract respectively) and total flavonoid contents (55.08 and 47.77 mg rutin/g of extract respectively). Thus, both extracts are promising alternatives to synthetic substances as food ingredients with antioxidant activity. The ME and the WE showed the similar levels in phenolic content.展开更多
Barley is gaining popularity worldwide due to its health-promoting properties and germination can effectively enhance its function through enrichment of some phytochemicals,such as phenolic compounds.To better explore...Barley is gaining popularity worldwide due to its health-promoting properties and germination can effectively enhance its function through enrichment of some phytochemicals,such as phenolic compounds.To better explore the potential of barley seedling as a functional food ingredient,in the present study,the profile and in vitro antioxidant properties of phenolic compound extract from barley germinated under NaCl stress were investigated.A total of 37 kinds of phenolic compounds were identified in phenolic compound extract by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry system.Meanwhile,phenolic compound extracts at a concentration of 30μg/mL significantly improved the viability of H_(2)O_(2)-treated HepG2 cells and maintained the cell membrane stability.These effects can be attributed to the reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species level and enhancement of the expression and activity of some key antioxidant enzymes.Notably,addition of phenolic compound extracts up-regulated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 antioxidant responsive element signaling pathway,thereby leading to the increase of activities of glutathione peroxidase,superoxide dismutase,catalase and heme oxygenase-1 by 27.21%,24.61%,61.71%and 50.43%,respectively.In conclusion,the present study can provide a novel perspective on understanding the molecular mechanism responsible for antioxidant capacity of barley seedling.展开更多
Exogenous alanyl-glutamine（Aln-Gln） was evaluated for its effects on growth performance, intestinal structure and function, antioxidant status and non-specific immunity of young carp（Cyprinus carpio L.）. Six diets...Exogenous alanyl-glutamine（Aln-Gln） was evaluated for its effects on growth performance, intestinal structure and function, antioxidant status and non-specific immunity of young carp（Cyprinus carpio L.）. Six diets supplemented with 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg-1 of Aln-Gln were fed to fish for 12 weeks. Supplementation with 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg-1 of Aln-Gln significantly increased weight gain rate（WGR）, protein efficiency ratio（PER）, but feed conservation rate（FCR） and survival were not affected（P〉0.05）. The intestinal fold height and number, digestive enzyme, Na＋, K＋-ATPase activities was found to be significantly high（P〈0.05） with increasing dietary Aln-Gln supplementation up to 7.5 g · kg-1, but there were no significant differences for Aln-Gln supplementation from 7.5 to 15.0 g · kg-1. The glutathione peroxidase（GPX） activity, glutathione（GSH）, superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity increased and malondialdehyde（MDA） levels decreased significantly（P〈0.05） in the intestine, hepatopancreas, plasma and muscles. The plasma complement-3（C3） and complement-4（C4） levels were significantly（P〈0.05） improved at 5.0 g · kg-1 level and decreased when over 7.5 g · kg-1. The plasma lysozyme（LSZ） activity increased significantly（P〈0.05） at 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg-1 level. In summary, the results showed that Aln-Gln improved growth performance, development and function of the intestine, the activity of the antioxidant defense system and the plasma non-specific immunity of the carps. The optimal Aln-Gln level was 8.24 g · kg-1 diet for WGR based on broken-line regression model analysis.展开更多
Objective:To identify the hepatoprotective and in vitro antioxidant activity of Lumnitzera racemosa(L.racemosa) leaf extract.Methods:Animals in Group 1 served as vehicle control. Group 2 served as hepatotoxin(CCL_4 tr...Objective:To identify the hepatoprotective and in vitro antioxidant activity of Lumnitzera racemosa(L.racemosa) leaf extract.Methods:Animals in Group 1 served as vehicle control. Group 2 served as hepatotoxin(CCL_4 treated) group.Group 3 served as positive control(Silyntarin) group,and Group 4.S and ft served as(73,150 and 300 nig/kg bw p.o.)L.racemosa leaf extract treated groups.Moreover,in vitro antioxidant DPPH,hydroxyl radical scavenging activity(HRSA),NO,ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP),lipid hydroperoxide(LPO) and super oxide dismutase(SOD) were also analyzed for the leaf extract.Results:The levels of the serum parameters such as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(SGOT).serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase(SGPT).alkaline phosphatase(ALP),bilirubin,cholesterol(CHL).sugar and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were significantly increased in COL_4 treated rats when compared with the control group(P<0.05).But the L.racemosa leaf extract treated rats showed maximum reduction of SGOT[(210.16±19.63)IU/L].SGPT[(82.37±13.87) IU/L].ALP[(197.63±23.4.3)IU/L],bilurubilt[(2.13 ±0.84) mg/dL].cholesterol[(163.83± 13.63) mg/dL].sugar[(93.00±7.63) mg/dL]and LDH[(1134.00) ±285.00)IU/L]were observed with the high dose(300 mg/kg bw) of leaf extract treated rats. Histopathological scores showed that,no visible changes were observed with high dose(300 mg/ kgbw) of leaf extract treated rats except few mild necrosis.The IC_(50) values were observed as(56.37 ±4.87)μg/mL,(57.68±1.98) μg/mL,(64.15±2.90)μg/mL,(61.94±3.98)μg/mL,(94.53± 1.68) μg/mL and(69.7±2.65)μg/mL for DPPH,HRSA,NO,FRAP,LPO and SOL) radical scavenging activities, respectively.Conclusions:In conclusion,the hepatoprotective effect of the L.racemosa leaf extract might be due to the presence of phenolic groups,terpenoids and alkaloids and in vitro antioxidant properties.展开更多
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing antibiotics using multi-enzyme preparations on growth performance,coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility,digestive enzyme activity,and antioxi...The study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing antibiotics using multi-enzyme preparations on growth performance,coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility,digestive enzyme activity,and antioxidant property in piglets.A total of 160 piglets（（21.35±0.22）kg）were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments：1）basal diet supplemented with antibiotics（AC）,2）antibiotic diet supplemented with 0.5 g kg^-1 multi-enzyme preparations（AC＋0.5EP）,3）antibiotic diet supplemented with 1.5 g kg^-1 multi-enzyme preparations（AC＋1.5EP）,4）basal diet supplemented with a half dosage of antibiotics and 1.5 g kg^-1 multi-enzyme preparations（AH＋1.5EP）,and 5）basal diet supplemented with 1.5 g kg^-1 multienzyme preparations（BC＋1.5EP）.The results showed that AC＋1.5EP significantly improved the feed efficiency,apparent digestibility of ether extract（EE）and crude ash（CA）,lipase activity in pancreas and duodenum content,maltase and lactase activity in jejunum and ileum mucosa,glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）concentration in serum and liver,and decreased malondialdehyde（MDA）concentration in serum and liver compared with piglets receiving AC（P〈0.05）.Piglets receiving BC＋1.5EP showed no significant difference in growth performance（P〉0.05）but had lower MDA concentration than piglets receiving AC（P〈0.05）.The apparent digestibility of EE and crude fiber（CF）,duodenal lipase activity,jejunum mucosa maltase,and ileum mucosa lactase activity of piglets receiving AH＋1.5EP or BC＋1.5EP were significantly improved compared with piglets receiving AC（P〈0.05）.These results indicated an additive growth promotion effect between antibiotics and multi-enzyme preparations on piglets,and the multi-enzyme preparations may be used as substitutes for antibiotics for improving piglet production performance and health status.展开更多
Allium cepa L.var.agrogatum Don(ALAP)is commonly consumed in China as well as other regions and has various beneficial health effects.A novel acidic polysaccharide(named ALAP-21)was obtained from ALAP by ultrasonic an...Allium cepa L.var.agrogatum Don(ALAP)is commonly consumed in China as well as other regions and has various beneficial health effects.A novel acidic polysaccharide(named ALAP-21)was obtained from ALAP by ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extraction and purification using DEAE-52 anion exchange and Sephadex G-100 columns.The monosaccharide composition,structural and antioxidative properties of ALAP-21 were investigated by GC–MS chromatography,FT-IR and NMR spectroscopies and three antioxidative activity tests in vitro.The results showed that ALAP-21 was a heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose,galacturonic acid,mannose,galactose,arabinose,rhamnose,xylose,fructose and glucuronic acid with a relative molar ratio of 26.282:27.546:11.400:4.781:2.467:2.445:3.622:1.106:1.753,owning(1→4)-β-d-Glcp,(1→4)-β-d-GalAp6Me3OA,(1→4)-β-d-Galp6OMe,(1→2)-β-l-Rhap,(1→4)-β-d-Manp glycosidic linkages.(1→4)-β-d-Glcp and(1→4)-β-d-GalAp6Me3OA residues might be the main components of the sugar chain backbone of ALAP-21.Furthermore,ALAP-21 exhibited high potential for DPPH radicals(82.02%),hydroxyl radicals(53.33%)and superoxide anion radicals(50.28%).These results provide a reference for further research and rational development of ALAP polysaccharides.展开更多
In this study, we evaluated the chemical property and antioxidant activity of fucoidans isolated from brown algae, Laminaria japonica(LJF), Lessonia nigrescens(LNF), Lessonia trabeculata(LTF), Ascophyllum mackaii(AMF)...In this study, we evaluated the chemical property and antioxidant activity of fucoidans isolated from brown algae, Laminaria japonica(LJF), Lessonia nigrescens(LNF), Lessonia trabeculata(LTF), Ascophyllum mackaii(AMF), and Ecklonia maxima(EMF). LJF was less in sulfate content(14.16%) and more in galactose and mannose content(1.08 and 0.68) than the documented early. EMF contained 20%–30% of sulfate and fucose, 0.97 in molar ratio which was lower than that of sulfate to other four fucoidans(1.21–1.41). AMF(162 kDa) and EMF(150 kDa) were the first two largest in molecular weight, which were followed by LJP(126 kDa), LNF(113 kDa) and LTF(105 kDa). The fucoidans isolated these algae showed a wide range of antioxidant activity in vitro. It was found that the reducing power of the isolated fucoidans was positively correlated with their sulfate content and molecular weight. In addition, LNF and LTF at low concentrations exhibited high superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. This demonstrated that low molecular weight fucoidans may perform a high antioxidant activity.展开更多
Information about the type of gene action governing the inheritance of cowpea seed flavonoid content and antioxidant activity is prerequisite for starting an effective breeding program for developing improved varietie...Information about the type of gene action governing the inheritance of cowpea seed flavonoid content and antioxidant activity is prerequisite for starting an effective breeding program for developing improved varieties. For this purpose, half-diallel crosses among seven diverse parents were made. The homozygous parents and 21 F1 hybrids were evaluated at Maroua in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Cameroon using a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Flour samples produced from decorticated seeds were used for biochemical analysis. Analysis of variance showed significant differences(P < 0.001) among genotypes for the studied traits with ranges of 363.6–453.9 mg rutin equivalent per 100 g dry weight(DW) for total flavonoids, 13.38–30.73 mg ascorbic acid equivalent per 1 g DW for ferric iron reducing activity, 70.98–266.93 mg trolox equivalent per 100 g DW for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, and 90.93–370.62 mg trolox equivalent per 100 g DW for 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS) free radical scavenging activity. Both additive and non-additive gene effects were significant in the genetic control of these traits, but dominance variance was greater than additive variance. The traits were mainly controlled by overdominance model suggesting a selection in the delayed generations.Broad- and narrow-sense heritability estimates varied from 0.90 to 0.99 and from 0.12 to 0.45,respectively. The variances due to both general and specific combining ability were highly significant for all studied traits. Recessive alleles had positive effects on DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities, whereas dominant alleles had positive effects on flavonoid content and ferric iron reducing activity. These results could help cowpea breeders to improve the antioxidant potential of cowpea seeds by appropriate selection.展开更多
The health-promoting properties and chemical profiles of 30 Jew’s ear mushroom varieties were investigated. The antioxidant properties were determined by ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl...The health-promoting properties and chemical profiles of 30 Jew’s ear mushroom varieties were investigated. The antioxidant properties were determined by ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical scavenging, 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS) free radical scavenging, and metal chelating ability(MCA) assays, while phenolic profiles were determined by total phenol content(TPC) and total flavonoid content(TFC) colorimetric assays. Total carbohydrate, β-glucan, and melanin contents were determined by colorimetric methods. 5’-Nucleotides, vitamin D_(2), ergosterol, and ergothioneine contents were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Anti-inflammation activities of Jew’s ear were evaluated by the colorimetric protease inhibitory method. The results showed that Jew’s ear mushrooms possessed substantial phenolics and antioxidant properties. All the Jew’s ear varieties contain high amount of total carbohydrate, β-glucan, reducing sugar, melanin, pectin, vitamin D2, ergosterol, and ergothioneine. The current findings could provide scientific information for breeders to nurture desired varieties and for food industry to develop new health promoting products.展开更多
Utilization of nitrogen （N） element is a common practice used to reach profitable yields in horticultural crops and N supply can be used as a tool to manipulate the enhancement of phytochemicals and minerals in vege...Utilization of nitrogen （N） element is a common practice used to reach profitable yields in horticultural crops and N supply can be used as a tool to manipulate the enhancement of phytochemicals and minerals in vegetable crops to address consumer-oriented quality production. Hence the study was aimed to investigate the effect of N application on leaf morphology, ascorbic acid content, phenolic acids, flavonoids, mineral content, and nitrate residues in three lettuce varieties （two green leafy lettuce, Multigreen 1 and Multigreen 3; one red leafy lettuce, Multired 4） grown in a closed hydroponic system （grave^-film） at harvest. Nitrogen was applied as ammonium nitrate （NH4NO3） at six different concentrations of 0, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 mg L^-1. The results obtained during 2015 and 2016 seasons were similar and demonstrated variety dependent responses with respect to different N application rates. Multigreen 3 was more sensitive to N supply and showed higher amount of nitrate residue at harvest. Variety Multired 4 was less sensitive to N supply followed by Multigreen 11 Although N supply at 120 mg L^-1 improved the yield and the number of leaves in Multigreen 3, overall 90 mg L^-1 can be recommended for these lettuce varieties to improve the yield and the accumulation of ascorbic acid content, phenolic acids mainly caffeic, caftaric acids, quercetin （the important flavonoid in lettuce）, and Fe and Mn contents. Furthermore, the concentration of 90 mg L^-1 improved the antioxidant property （FRAP and ABTS^＋） and reduced the nitrate accumulation, ensuring safe food for consumers.展开更多
With eight-year-old pear-jujube trees with uniform and good growth as the research object,different concentrations of iron and zinc fertilizers were sprayed to the leaves,and the changes in the contents of vitamin C,t...With eight-year-old pear-jujube trees with uniform and good growth as the research object,different concentrations of iron and zinc fertilizers were sprayed to the leaves,and the changes in the contents of vitamin C,total flavonoids,enzyme,as well as the removal rates of hydroxyl radicals,1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine( DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide by polyphenols in pear-jujube were studied,so as to explore the effects of iron and zinc fertilizers on antioxidant activity of pear-jujube in loess hilly region. The results showed that different treatments affected the content of vitamin C and significantly increased the content of total flavonoids in pear-jujube. In the treatment of 0. 6%Fe SO_4+ 0. 3% Zn SO_4( L3),the contents of vitamin C and total flavonoids were both highest,2. 86 mg/g and 3. 02 mg/g,21. 8% and105. 4% higher than CK( P < 0. 05). Different fertilization treatments effectively reduced the activities of ascorbate oxidase and polyphenol oxidase in pear-jujube. The activity of ascorbate oxidase was lowest in the treatment of 0. 6% Fe SO_4+ 0. 3% Zn SO_4( oxidized ascorbic acid0. 069 mg/( g·min) FW,75. 1% lower than CK); and the activity of polyphenol oxidase was lowest in the L3 treatment( oxidized ascorbic acid 0. 146 mg/( g·min) FW,42. 0% lower than CK). Polyphenols of pear-jujube could effectively remove hydroxyl radicals,DPPH· and hydrogen peroxide. This was more significant in L3 treatment,of which the antioxidant activity was the best.展开更多
A displacement test based on the interaction between the flavonoid quercetin and an excess of metal chloride allows the determination of the binding constant for the reaction between quercetin and Ca2+,Mg^2+and Ni^2+....A displacement test based on the interaction between the flavonoid quercetin and an excess of metal chloride allows the determination of the binding constant for the reaction between quercetin and Ca2+,Mg^2+and Ni^2+.The values obtained were 2.20±1.77×10^3 for Ca^2+,1.37±0.59×10^3 for Mg^2+and 7.03±1.04×10^4 for Ni^2+,and all interactions showed type 1:1 stoichiometry,as determined by titration and by the method of continuous variations(Job’s method).The complexion effect was observed qualitatively through a colorimetric change in the medium(yellow→neon yellow)and spectroscopically through a bathochromic shift in the absorption band of quercetin in the presence of metals.This investigation serves as a tool for the development and testing of materials capable of capturing toxic metal ions or favoring the absorption of beneficial ions(in relation to the human metabolism)through the construction of efficient bioorganic systems.The results reported herein allow understanding of this detection system,indicating the following ascending order of the binding constants(Mg^2+<Ca^2+<Al^3+<Ni^2+).展开更多
Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) AW Hill Apiaceae (Parsley) is a plant species commonly used for its culinary value, but little is known about its phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to ...Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) AW Hill Apiaceae (Parsley) is a plant species commonly used for its culinary value, but little is known about its phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to deepen knowledge of the Petroselinum crispum leaves (LPc) grown and consumed in Benin. The phytochemical screening of the LPc powder was done according to the method of Houghton and Raman at the Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Essential Oils of the Institute of Applied Biomedical Sciences in Benin. The antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50</sub>) was evaluated by the DPPH reduction test. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of chemical groups such as catechin tannins, gallic tannins, flavones, saponins, mucilages, coumarins, reducing agents and O-heterosides with reduced genins in the LPc powder. The aqueous extract of LPc showed antioxidant activity with an IC<sub>50</sub> = 63.66 μg/mL and was found to be less active than ascorbic acid (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.111 μg/mL). No acute oral toxicity was observed and the LD<sub>50</sub> of the aqueous extract of LPc is estimated to be greater than 5000 mg/kg in the Wistar rat. The absence of toxicity, its antioxidant activity associated with its richness in active ingredients makes Petroselinum crispum a promising species suitable for safe long-term use as food.展开更多
A DFT study was carried out to investigate the structure-activity relationship of rosmanol and carnosol. The geometry, HOMO and LUMO of parent molecules, O–H bond dissociation energy (BDE), and distribution of unpa...A DFT study was carried out to investigate the structure-activity relationship of rosmanol and carnosol. The geometry, HOMO and LUMO of parent molecules, O–H bond dissociation energy (BDE), and distribution of unpaired electron obtained by B3LYP/6-31G* were used to elucidate the antioxidant properties of the two compounds. The results proved the intramolecular hydrogen bond and delocalization of the unpaired electron to be the important factors affecting the stability of phenoxyl free radical generated after the H-abstraction.展开更多
基金jointly supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Nos.202203021222127,202403021212109).
文摘NiTi alloy has been widely used as orthopedic implant materials due to its unique shape memory properties and superelasticity.However,implantation failure often occurs because of the poor antibacterial ability,antioxidation property and corrosion resistance of the NiTi alloy.In order to overcome the above problems,we constructed Zn/polydopamine(PDA)/Chitosan-Catechol(CS-C)composite coating on the surface of NiTi alloy in this paper.The surface morphology and wettability of the coating were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and optical contact angle measuring instrument,respectively.The results showed that the Zn/CS-C coating was successfully prepared,and exhibited good hydrophilic property,especially the sample Zn/PDA/CS-C-24 h.In addition,the corrosion resistance,antioxidation property and biological properties of the coating were systematically analyzed.The results indicated that the Zn/PDA/CS-C composite coating exhibited good corrosion resistance and antibacterial property,antioxidant property and osteogenic activity,especially sample Zn/PDA/CS-C-24 h.The sample Zn/PDA/CS-C-24 h could effectively protect osteoblasts from reactive oxygen species(ROS)damage and promote cell proliferation and osteoblast differentiation.This study provides a feasible and effective strategy for the surface modification of orthopedic implant.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N2107001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52001060).
文摘A novel Al-alloyed press-hardening steel(PHS)was developed,which exhibits excellent tensile,bending and antioxidation properties.Al is a ferrite-forming element that can hinder the formation of cementite and enhance the stability of austenite.The incorporation of Al not only induces the formation of ferrite within martensitic matrix but also enhances the stability of retained austenite(RA).The microstructure of novel steel consists of martensite,ferrite,and RA after press hardening.Investigations into the role of Al in RA development were supported by thermo-kinetic calculations.The simultaneous introduction of ferrite and RA into the martensitic matrix via tailored chemical compositions significantly enhances the elongation and bending toughness of the novel PHS.Additionally,Al can form a dense Al oxide at the bottom of oxide layer,resulting in the improved antioxidant properties.Compared to 22MnB5 steel,it is an exciting discovery as there is a significant improvement in total elongation and bending toughness of novel PHS without compromising strength.The novel PHS,with its exceptional balance of strength and ductility,will play a crucial role in reducing weight when it replaces the existing class 22MnB5 PHS in different structural components of vehicle bodies.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFD2100205)Fuzhou Science&Technology Project,China(2022-Y-0022022-P-023).
文摘Identification of natural substances with antioxidant properties is ongoing research for addressing issues related to oxidative stress especially attributed to environmental effects.Our previous study demonstrated that Lateolabrax japonicus peptides(LPH),rich in Glu,Gly,and hydrophobic amino acids,exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity in vitro,with though its action mechanism yet to be revealed.Therefore,to assess the in vivo antioxidative properties of LPH,we employed H_(2)O_(2) to generate oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster model.Results indicated that LPH significantly prolonged the lifespan of Drosophila subjected to oxidative stress mostly mediated via LPH’s enhancement of the antioxidant defense system and intestinal functions.Antioxidant effects were manifested by a decrease in malondialdehyde(MDA)levels,elevated superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities,decreased levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in intestinal epithelial cells,and the preservation of intestinal length.LPH effectively controlled the excessive proliferation and differentiation of oxidative stress-induced Drosophila intestinal stem cells.At the gene level,LPH upregulated the expression of antioxidant-related Nrf2 genes while concurrently downregulated mTOR expression level.Furthermore,high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that the addition of LPH significantly influenced the diversity and abundance of the intestinal microbiota in H_(2)O_(2)-induced Drosophila.These findings provide a deeper understanding of the antioxidative mechanism of LPH,suggesting its potential applications in food industry and to be assessed using other in vivo oxidative stress models.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021D01B59)Youth Science and Technology Backbone Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(XJNKQ-2021011)+2 种基金General Program of Hainan Natural Science Foundation(319MS109)Major Science and Technology Program of Hainan Province(ZDKJ2021005)Specific Research Fund of the Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province(YSPTZX202141).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the chemical composition,antioxidant property,and nematicidal activity of Cucumis metuliferus and establish a theoretical foundation for the development of botanical nematicides.[Methods]The compounds were isolated and purified using silica gel,reversed-phase medium,low-pressure gel Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography,and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography.Their identification was based on physicochemical properties,various spectral analyses,and data reported in the literature.Subsequently,the nematicidal and antioxidant activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated.[Results]A total of four compounds were isolated from C.metuliferus,which were identified as isovitexin-2″-O-glucoside(compound 1),9E,11E-(13-oxo)tridecadienoic acid(compound 2),2E,4E-tridecadienedioic acid(compound 3),and 9E,11E-(13-hydroxy)tridecadienoic acid(compound 4).Compound 1 demonstrated a notable degree of antioxidant activity,achieving a DPPH scavenging rate of 49.40%at a mass concentration of 1 mg/mL.Additionally,compounds 1,3,and 4 exhibited varying levels of nematicidal activity.Specifically,compound 1 displayed strong nematicidal activity at a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL,resulting in a mortality rate of 90.5%against nematodes.Furthermore,compounds 3 and 4 achieved a mortality rate of 100%against nematodes at a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL.[Conclusions]This study reports the first isolation of four compounds:isovitexin-2″-O-glucoside,9E,11E-(13-oxo)tridecadienoic acid,2E,4E-tridecadienedioic acid,and 9E,11E-(13-hydroxy)tridecadienoic acid from C.metuliferus.Notably,2E,4E-tridecadienedioic acid and 9E,11E-(13-oxo)tridecadienoic acid are identified as novel natural products.Among these compounds,isovitexin-2″-O-glucoside,9E,11E-(13-oxo)tridecadienoic acid,and 9E,11E-(13-hydroxy)tridecadienoic acid exhibit nematicidal activity,whereas isovitexin-2″-O-glucoside demonstrates antioxidant properties.
文摘The antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of propolis, bee glue, of various climate and orographic characteristics, collected from Italy, Brazil and Russia, was evaluated measuring their inhibitory action on peroxidation of linoleic acid, radical scavenging ability towards 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, total phenolic content and reducing capacity by enzymatic and Folin method respectively. Propolis samples were chemically characterized by HPLC-MS/MS in order to find a possible correlation between antioxidant activity and polyphenols composition and quantification. The results obtained indicate that Italian and Russian propolis samples have similar polyphenolic composition and, as a consequence, almost similar antioxidant activity, while Brazilian propolis evidence lower polyphenolic and antioxidant characteristics. Climate and orography reasons of these differences are also suggested.
文摘Morus alba,commonly known as white mulberry,is a plant renowned for its diverse range of bioactive compounds that confer numerous health benefits.This review explores the plant’s antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anticancer,cardiovascular,neuroprotective,hepatoprotective,and antimicrobial properties.The antioxidant effects,primarily attributed to flavonoids,phenolic acids,and terpenoids,help mitigate oxidative stress and protect against various diseases.The anti-inflammatory properties reduce chronic inflammation,while the anticancer compounds induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor growth.Morus alba’s cardiovascular benefits include improved endothelial function and lipid metabolism.Its neuroprotective effects protect the brain from oxidative damage and neuroinflammation,supporting cognitive function.The hepatoprotective activity enhances liver health and prevents damage from toxins.Additionally,the plant’s antimicrobial properties make it effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens.Overall,Morus alba holds significant potential as a natural therapeutic agent,with applications in both traditional and modern medicines.
文摘To determine the antioxidant activity of the water (WE), methanol (ME), ethanol (EE) and ethyl acetate extracts (EAE) from the leaves of Cistus monspeliensis, several methods such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay, 2,2’-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation decolorization assay, reducing power assay, metal chelating assay, Thiobarbituric acid test (TBARS) and β-carotene linoleic acid system assay were investigated. Because of the important roles of total phenolics and total flavonoids as antioxidants, the amounts of total phenolics and total flavonoids in the extracts were also determined. The WE and ME showed a higher scavenging activity on the DPPH and ABTS radical. Both extracts also exhibited a strong chelating effect on Fe2+ and performed the best in the reducing power assay. On the other hand, the WE and ME were found to have the higher total phenolic contents (23.13 and 23.25 mg GAE/g of extract respectively) and total flavonoid contents (55.08 and 47.77 mg rutin/g of extract respectively). Thus, both extracts are promising alternatives to synthetic substances as food ingredients with antioxidant activity. The ME and the WE showed the similar levels in phenolic content.
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871725)the Joint Project of Nanjing Agricultural University-Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University(KYYZ202004)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘Barley is gaining popularity worldwide due to its health-promoting properties and germination can effectively enhance its function through enrichment of some phytochemicals,such as phenolic compounds.To better explore the potential of barley seedling as a functional food ingredient,in the present study,the profile and in vitro antioxidant properties of phenolic compound extract from barley germinated under NaCl stress were investigated.A total of 37 kinds of phenolic compounds were identified in phenolic compound extract by a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry system.Meanwhile,phenolic compound extracts at a concentration of 30μg/mL significantly improved the viability of H_(2)O_(2)-treated HepG2 cells and maintained the cell membrane stability.These effects can be attributed to the reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species level and enhancement of the expression and activity of some key antioxidant enzymes.Notably,addition of phenolic compound extracts up-regulated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 antioxidant responsive element signaling pathway,thereby leading to the increase of activities of glutathione peroxidase,superoxide dismutase,catalase and heme oxygenase-1 by 27.21%,24.61%,61.71%and 50.43%,respectively.In conclusion,the present study can provide a novel perspective on understanding the molecular mechanism responsible for antioxidant capacity of barley seedling.
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-46)the Special Scientific Research Funds for Central Non-profit Institutes,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(2014A08XK03)
文摘Exogenous alanyl-glutamine（Aln-Gln） was evaluated for its effects on growth performance, intestinal structure and function, antioxidant status and non-specific immunity of young carp（Cyprinus carpio L.）. Six diets supplemented with 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg-1 of Aln-Gln were fed to fish for 12 weeks. Supplementation with 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg-1 of Aln-Gln significantly increased weight gain rate（WGR）, protein efficiency ratio（PER）, but feed conservation rate（FCR） and survival were not affected（P〉0.05）. The intestinal fold height and number, digestive enzyme, Na＋, K＋-ATPase activities was found to be significantly high（P〈0.05） with increasing dietary Aln-Gln supplementation up to 7.5 g · kg-1, but there were no significant differences for Aln-Gln supplementation from 7.5 to 15.0 g · kg-1. The glutathione peroxidase（GPX） activity, glutathione（GSH）, superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity increased and malondialdehyde（MDA） levels decreased significantly（P〈0.05） in the intestine, hepatopancreas, plasma and muscles. The plasma complement-3（C3） and complement-4（C4） levels were significantly（P〈0.05） improved at 5.0 g · kg-1 level and decreased when over 7.5 g · kg-1. The plasma lysozyme（LSZ） activity increased significantly（P〈0.05） at 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg-1 level. In summary, the results showed that Aln-Gln improved growth performance, development and function of the intestine, the activity of the antioxidant defense system and the plasma non-specific immunity of the carps. The optimal Aln-Gln level was 8.24 g · kg-1 diet for WGR based on broken-line regression model analysis.
文摘Objective:To identify the hepatoprotective and in vitro antioxidant activity of Lumnitzera racemosa(L.racemosa) leaf extract.Methods:Animals in Group 1 served as vehicle control. Group 2 served as hepatotoxin(CCL_4 treated) group.Group 3 served as positive control(Silyntarin) group,and Group 4.S and ft served as(73,150 and 300 nig/kg bw p.o.)L.racemosa leaf extract treated groups.Moreover,in vitro antioxidant DPPH,hydroxyl radical scavenging activity(HRSA),NO,ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP),lipid hydroperoxide(LPO) and super oxide dismutase(SOD) were also analyzed for the leaf extract.Results:The levels of the serum parameters such as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(SGOT).serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase(SGPT).alkaline phosphatase(ALP),bilirubin,cholesterol(CHL).sugar and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were significantly increased in COL_4 treated rats when compared with the control group(P<0.05).But the L.racemosa leaf extract treated rats showed maximum reduction of SGOT[(210.16±19.63)IU/L].SGPT[(82.37±13.87) IU/L].ALP[(197.63±23.4.3)IU/L],bilurubilt[(2.13 ±0.84) mg/dL].cholesterol[(163.83± 13.63) mg/dL].sugar[(93.00±7.63) mg/dL]and LDH[(1134.00) ±285.00)IU/L]were observed with the high dose(300 mg/kg bw) of leaf extract treated rats. Histopathological scores showed that,no visible changes were observed with high dose(300 mg/ kgbw) of leaf extract treated rats except few mild necrosis.The IC_(50) values were observed as(56.37 ±4.87)μg/mL,(57.68±1.98) μg/mL,(64.15±2.90)μg/mL,(61.94±3.98)μg/mL,(94.53± 1.68) μg/mL and(69.7±2.65)μg/mL for DPPH,HRSA,NO,FRAP,LPO and SOL) radical scavenging activities, respectively.Conclusions:In conclusion,the hepatoprotective effect of the L.racemosa leaf extract might be due to the presence of phenolic groups,terpenoids and alkaloids and in vitro antioxidant properties.
基金financially supported by the National 863 Program of China (2013AA102803D)
文摘The study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing antibiotics using multi-enzyme preparations on growth performance,coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility,digestive enzyme activity,and antioxidant property in piglets.A total of 160 piglets（（21.35±0.22）kg）were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments：1）basal diet supplemented with antibiotics（AC）,2）antibiotic diet supplemented with 0.5 g kg^-1 multi-enzyme preparations（AC＋0.5EP）,3）antibiotic diet supplemented with 1.5 g kg^-1 multi-enzyme preparations（AC＋1.5EP）,4）basal diet supplemented with a half dosage of antibiotics and 1.5 g kg^-1 multi-enzyme preparations（AH＋1.5EP）,and 5）basal diet supplemented with 1.5 g kg^-1 multienzyme preparations（BC＋1.5EP）.The results showed that AC＋1.5EP significantly improved the feed efficiency,apparent digestibility of ether extract（EE）and crude ash（CA）,lipase activity in pancreas and duodenum content,maltase and lactase activity in jejunum and ileum mucosa,glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）concentration in serum and liver,and decreased malondialdehyde（MDA）concentration in serum and liver compared with piglets receiving AC（P〈0.05）.Piglets receiving BC＋1.5EP showed no significant difference in growth performance（P〉0.05）but had lower MDA concentration than piglets receiving AC（P〈0.05）.The apparent digestibility of EE and crude fiber（CF）,duodenal lipase activity,jejunum mucosa maltase,and ileum mucosa lactase activity of piglets receiving AH＋1.5EP or BC＋1.5EP were significantly improved compared with piglets receiving AC（P〈0.05）.These results indicated an additive growth promotion effect between antibiotics and multi-enzyme preparations on piglets,and the multi-enzyme preparations may be used as substitutes for antibiotics for improving piglet production performance and health status.
基金the National Science and Technology Support Program of China(Grant No.2013BAD16B08).
文摘Allium cepa L.var.agrogatum Don(ALAP)is commonly consumed in China as well as other regions and has various beneficial health effects.A novel acidic polysaccharide(named ALAP-21)was obtained from ALAP by ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extraction and purification using DEAE-52 anion exchange and Sephadex G-100 columns.The monosaccharide composition,structural and antioxidative properties of ALAP-21 were investigated by GC–MS chromatography,FT-IR and NMR spectroscopies and three antioxidative activity tests in vitro.The results showed that ALAP-21 was a heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose,galacturonic acid,mannose,galactose,arabinose,rhamnose,xylose,fructose and glucuronic acid with a relative molar ratio of 26.282:27.546:11.400:4.781:2.467:2.445:3.622:1.106:1.753,owning(1→4)-β-d-Glcp,(1→4)-β-d-GalAp6Me3OA,(1→4)-β-d-Galp6OMe,(1→2)-β-l-Rhap,(1→4)-β-d-Manp glycosidic linkages.(1→4)-β-d-Glcp and(1→4)-β-d-GalAp6Me3OA residues might be the main components of the sugar chain backbone of ALAP-21.Furthermore,ALAP-21 exhibited high potential for DPPH radicals(82.02%),hydroxyl radicals(53.33%)and superoxide anion radicals(50.28%).These results provide a reference for further research and rational development of ALAP polysaccharides.
基金supported by the Ocean Public Welfare Scientific Research Project, State Ocean Administration of China (No. 201105029-9)
文摘In this study, we evaluated the chemical property and antioxidant activity of fucoidans isolated from brown algae, Laminaria japonica(LJF), Lessonia nigrescens(LNF), Lessonia trabeculata(LTF), Ascophyllum mackaii(AMF), and Ecklonia maxima(EMF). LJF was less in sulfate content(14.16%) and more in galactose and mannose content(1.08 and 0.68) than the documented early. EMF contained 20%–30% of sulfate and fucose, 0.97 in molar ratio which was lower than that of sulfate to other four fucoidans(1.21–1.41). AMF(162 kDa) and EMF(150 kDa) were the first two largest in molecular weight, which were followed by LJP(126 kDa), LNF(113 kDa) and LTF(105 kDa). The fucoidans isolated these algae showed a wide range of antioxidant activity in vitro. It was found that the reducing power of the isolated fucoidans was positively correlated with their sulfate content and molecular weight. In addition, LNF and LTF at low concentrations exhibited high superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. This demonstrated that low molecular weight fucoidans may perform a high antioxidant activity.
基金supported in part by funds from the International Foundation for Science (IFS) (agreement number C/5262-1)
文摘Information about the type of gene action governing the inheritance of cowpea seed flavonoid content and antioxidant activity is prerequisite for starting an effective breeding program for developing improved varieties. For this purpose, half-diallel crosses among seven diverse parents were made. The homozygous parents and 21 F1 hybrids were evaluated at Maroua in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Cameroon using a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Flour samples produced from decorticated seeds were used for biochemical analysis. Analysis of variance showed significant differences(P < 0.001) among genotypes for the studied traits with ranges of 363.6–453.9 mg rutin equivalent per 100 g dry weight(DW) for total flavonoids, 13.38–30.73 mg ascorbic acid equivalent per 1 g DW for ferric iron reducing activity, 70.98–266.93 mg trolox equivalent per 100 g DW for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, and 90.93–370.62 mg trolox equivalent per 100 g DW for 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS) free radical scavenging activity. Both additive and non-additive gene effects were significant in the genetic control of these traits, but dominance variance was greater than additive variance. The traits were mainly controlled by overdominance model suggesting a selection in the delayed generations.Broad- and narrow-sense heritability estimates varied from 0.90 to 0.99 and from 0.12 to 0.45,respectively. The variances due to both general and specific combining ability were highly significant for all studied traits. Recessive alleles had positive effects on DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities, whereas dominant alleles had positive effects on flavonoid content and ferric iron reducing activity. These results could help cowpea breeders to improve the antioxidant potential of cowpea seeds by appropriate selection.
基金supported by one research grant(R202017)BNU-HKBU United International College,China,and one grant(20200101)+1 种基金The Open Project of National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology,Kaifeng,Chinaone grant China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-20)。
文摘The health-promoting properties and chemical profiles of 30 Jew’s ear mushroom varieties were investigated. The antioxidant properties were determined by ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical scavenging, 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS) free radical scavenging, and metal chelating ability(MCA) assays, while phenolic profiles were determined by total phenol content(TPC) and total flavonoid content(TFC) colorimetric assays. Total carbohydrate, β-glucan, and melanin contents were determined by colorimetric methods. 5’-Nucleotides, vitamin D_(2), ergosterol, and ergothioneine contents were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Anti-inflammation activities of Jew’s ear were evaluated by the colorimetric protease inhibitory method. The results showed that Jew’s ear mushrooms possessed substantial phenolics and antioxidant properties. All the Jew’s ear varieties contain high amount of total carbohydrate, β-glucan, reducing sugar, melanin, pectin, vitamin D2, ergosterol, and ergothioneine. The current findings could provide scientific information for breeders to nurture desired varieties and for food industry to develop new health promoting products.
基金funding from the National Research Foundation Grant, South Africa (98352) for Phytochemical Food Network to Improve Nutritional Quality for Consumers
文摘Utilization of nitrogen （N） element is a common practice used to reach profitable yields in horticultural crops and N supply can be used as a tool to manipulate the enhancement of phytochemicals and minerals in vegetable crops to address consumer-oriented quality production. Hence the study was aimed to investigate the effect of N application on leaf morphology, ascorbic acid content, phenolic acids, flavonoids, mineral content, and nitrate residues in three lettuce varieties （two green leafy lettuce, Multigreen 1 and Multigreen 3; one red leafy lettuce, Multired 4） grown in a closed hydroponic system （grave^-film） at harvest. Nitrogen was applied as ammonium nitrate （NH4NO3） at six different concentrations of 0, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 mg L^-1. The results obtained during 2015 and 2016 seasons were similar and demonstrated variety dependent responses with respect to different N application rates. Multigreen 3 was more sensitive to N supply and showed higher amount of nitrate residue at harvest. Variety Multired 4 was less sensitive to N supply followed by Multigreen 11 Although N supply at 120 mg L^-1 improved the yield and the number of leaves in Multigreen 3, overall 90 mg L^-1 can be recommended for these lettuce varieties to improve the yield and the accumulation of ascorbic acid content, phenolic acids mainly caffeic, caftaric acids, quercetin （the important flavonoid in lettuce）, and Fe and Mn contents. Furthermore, the concentration of 90 mg L^-1 improved the antioxidant property （FRAP and ABTS^＋） and reduced the nitrate accumulation, ensuring safe food for consumers.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2016KCT-23)
文摘With eight-year-old pear-jujube trees with uniform and good growth as the research object,different concentrations of iron and zinc fertilizers were sprayed to the leaves,and the changes in the contents of vitamin C,total flavonoids,enzyme,as well as the removal rates of hydroxyl radicals,1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine( DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide by polyphenols in pear-jujube were studied,so as to explore the effects of iron and zinc fertilizers on antioxidant activity of pear-jujube in loess hilly region. The results showed that different treatments affected the content of vitamin C and significantly increased the content of total flavonoids in pear-jujube. In the treatment of 0. 6%Fe SO_4+ 0. 3% Zn SO_4( L3),the contents of vitamin C and total flavonoids were both highest,2. 86 mg/g and 3. 02 mg/g,21. 8% and105. 4% higher than CK( P < 0. 05). Different fertilization treatments effectively reduced the activities of ascorbate oxidase and polyphenol oxidase in pear-jujube. The activity of ascorbate oxidase was lowest in the treatment of 0. 6% Fe SO_4+ 0. 3% Zn SO_4( oxidized ascorbic acid0. 069 mg/( g·min) FW,75. 1% lower than CK); and the activity of polyphenol oxidase was lowest in the L3 treatment( oxidized ascorbic acid 0. 146 mg/( g·min) FW,42. 0% lower than CK). Polyphenols of pear-jujube could effectively remove hydroxyl radicals,DPPH· and hydrogen peroxide. This was more significant in L3 treatment,of which the antioxidant activity was the best.
基金The authors thank the Instituto Federal do Parana(IFPR),the IFPR by Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Tecnologico e Inovac,ao(PRADI),and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico(CNPq-Brazil).
文摘A displacement test based on the interaction between the flavonoid quercetin and an excess of metal chloride allows the determination of the binding constant for the reaction between quercetin and Ca2+,Mg^2+and Ni^2+.The values obtained were 2.20±1.77×10^3 for Ca^2+,1.37±0.59×10^3 for Mg^2+and 7.03±1.04×10^4 for Ni^2+,and all interactions showed type 1:1 stoichiometry,as determined by titration and by the method of continuous variations(Job’s method).The complexion effect was observed qualitatively through a colorimetric change in the medium(yellow→neon yellow)and spectroscopically through a bathochromic shift in the absorption band of quercetin in the presence of metals.This investigation serves as a tool for the development and testing of materials capable of capturing toxic metal ions or favoring the absorption of beneficial ions(in relation to the human metabolism)through the construction of efficient bioorganic systems.The results reported herein allow understanding of this detection system,indicating the following ascending order of the binding constants(Mg^2+<Ca^2+<Al^3+<Ni^2+).
文摘Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) AW Hill Apiaceae (Parsley) is a plant species commonly used for its culinary value, but little is known about its phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to deepen knowledge of the Petroselinum crispum leaves (LPc) grown and consumed in Benin. The phytochemical screening of the LPc powder was done according to the method of Houghton and Raman at the Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Essential Oils of the Institute of Applied Biomedical Sciences in Benin. The antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50</sub>) was evaluated by the DPPH reduction test. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of chemical groups such as catechin tannins, gallic tannins, flavones, saponins, mucilages, coumarins, reducing agents and O-heterosides with reduced genins in the LPc powder. The aqueous extract of LPc showed antioxidant activity with an IC<sub>50</sub> = 63.66 μg/mL and was found to be less active than ascorbic acid (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.111 μg/mL). No acute oral toxicity was observed and the LD<sub>50</sub> of the aqueous extract of LPc is estimated to be greater than 5000 mg/kg in the Wistar rat. The absence of toxicity, its antioxidant activity associated with its richness in active ingredients makes Petroselinum crispum a promising species suitable for safe long-term use as food.
基金This work was supported by the Fund of Yunnan Province-ChineseAcademy of Sciences Cooperation (2000YK-01) the Science and Technology Plant of Education Committee of Chongqing (B3-6-61)
文摘A DFT study was carried out to investigate the structure-activity relationship of rosmanol and carnosol. The geometry, HOMO and LUMO of parent molecules, O–H bond dissociation energy (BDE), and distribution of unpaired electron obtained by B3LYP/6-31G* were used to elucidate the antioxidant properties of the two compounds. The results proved the intramolecular hydrogen bond and delocalization of the unpaired electron to be the important factors affecting the stability of phenoxyl free radical generated after the H-abstraction.
