Enhanced oil recovery(EOR)methods are essential for optimizing oil extraction from modern reservoirs.This research delved into the synergistic impact of combining anionic and nonionic surfactant mixtures with silica(S...Enhanced oil recovery(EOR)methods are essential for optimizing oil extraction from modern reservoirs.This research delved into the synergistic impact of combining anionic and nonionic surfactant mixtures with silica(SiO_(2))nanoparticles(NPs)in sodium chloride(NaCl)solutions,alongside the added enhancement of polymers,to improve crude oil recovery.The study comprehensively evaluated stability,rheological characteristics,interfacial tension(IFT)behavior,wettability alterations,and EOR experi ments using mixtures of sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)and triton X-100(TX-100)surfactants.Scenarios both with and without SiO_(2)NPs in a base solution containing 3000 ppm NaCl and 2000 ppm xanthan gum(XG)polymer were examined.Core flooding tests were carried out on San-Saba sandstone core specimens with low permeability.The stability tests and dynamic light scattering(DLS)analysis were performed to assess the stability of NPs in low saline-surfactant-polymer solution.It was observed that NPs significantly reduced the IFT between the test solutions and crude oil,with nanofluids exhibiting satisfactory stability at a 0.4 wt%SiO_(2)NPs concentration.Core flooding studies demonstrated a syner gistic interaction between NPs and the binary surfactant-polymer mixture,resulting in substantially greater incremental recovery of oil in comparison with the case of using binary surfactant-polymer combination alone.The mechanisms contributing to EOR with nanofluids,such as IFT reduction and wettability alteration,were explored.Incorporating NPs at concentrations of 0.1,0.2,and 0.4 wt%led to incremental oil recoveries of 4.01%,12.35%,and 12.73%of the original oil in place(OOIP),respectively,as opposed to the recovery achieved using only SDS+TX-100+XG.Consequently,these findings advance the understanding of the potential application of SiO_(2)NPs in combination with the binary surfactant polymer mixture as effective chemical EOR agents.Additionally,these insights aid in identifying suit able sandstone reservoirs for nanofluid application,contributing to the optimization of oil recovery strategies.展开更多
The viscoelastic micelle systems formed by novel anionic-nonionic dimeric surfactant and conventional cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium(1631) were studied.The viscoelasticity,thixotropy,flow curves and consti...The viscoelastic micelle systems formed by novel anionic-nonionic dimeric surfactant and conventional cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium(1631) were studied.The viscoelasticity,thixotropy,flow curves and constitutive equation for the novel viscoelastic micelle systems were investigated.The results show that the micelle systems possess viscoelasticity,thixotropy,and shear thinning property.Some micelle systems possess hysteresis loops showing both viscoelasticity and thixotropy.It is proved that the flow curves are characterized by the co-rotational Jeffreys constitutive equation correctly.展开更多
Non-aqueous emulsions have a wide range of applications in cosmetics,drug-controlled release,and the preparation of functional nanoparticles.However,due to the weaker polarity of non-aqueous solvents,these emulsions o...Non-aqueous emulsions have a wide range of applications in cosmetics,drug-controlled release,and the preparation of functional nanoparticles.However,due to the weaker polarity of non-aqueous solvents,these emulsions often exhibit inferior stability compared to their aqueous counterparts.In this experiment,the properties of quaternary ammonium surfactants in glycerol were investigated through surface tension measurements,to further enhance the stability of n-decane/glycerol emulsions,hydrophilic nanoparticles SiO_(2) were modified in situ using double tailed quaternary ammonium surfactants Di-C_(12)DAB and Di-C_(16)DAB.Stable n-decane/glycerol Pickering emulsions were successfully prepared.These emulsions were stable at 45℃for over six months,and no significant changes in droplet size occurred.The minimum droplet size of the emulsion was only 2-3μm.Contact angle measurements showed that the wettability of the silica surface was tremendously affected by the concentration and the alkyl chain length of the double-tailed surfactants.In the presence of Di-C_(12)DAB,the contact angle of glycerol on the silica surface increased monotonically with the surfactant concentration.This explains the phenomenon that the Pickering emulsions containing Di-C_(12)DAB and silica particles were stable within the contact angle range of 80°-120°.Comparatively,the contact angle of the glycerol on the silica surface in the presence of Di-C_(16)DAB first increased with surfactant concentrations and then decreased,reaching a maximum at 0.6 mmol/L.It can be concluded that Di-C_(12)DAB formed monolayers at the surface of silica particles within all investigated concentrations.On the contrary,Di-C_(16)DAB formed monolayers at concentrations below 0.6 mmol/L and formed double layers at concentrations above 0.6 mmol/L,leading to a non-monotonic change in the contact angle with respect to concentration.Using these stable non-aqueous Pickering emulsions as templates,polymer microspheres with a particle size of 2-3μm were successfully prepared with high yield.This work is helpful to expand the potential applications of non-aqueous emulsions in the encapsulation of drug,controlled release,material preparation,and cosmetic formulations.展开更多
In order to explore the mechanism of improving the surface wettability of low-energy polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)by new extended surfactants,five kinds of extended anionic surfactants with different numbers of oxypro...In order to explore the mechanism of improving the surface wettability of low-energy polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)by new extended surfactants,five kinds of extended anionic surfactants with different numbers of oxypropylene(PO)and oxyethylene(EO),octadecyl-(PO)_(m)-(EO)_(n)-sodium carboxylate(C_(18)PO_(m)EO_(n)C,m=5,10,15,n=5,10,15),were studied.The surface tension and contact angle of C_(18)PO_(m)EO_(n)C solution with different concentrations were measured,and the adhesion tension,PTFE-water interfacial tension,and adhesion work were calculated.It was found that the extended surfactant molecules adsorb on the surface of the solution and the PTFE-liquid interface simultaneously when the concentration is lower than the critical micelle concentration(cmc),and there was a linear relationship between surface tension and adhesion tension.The adsorption amount of C_(18)PO_(m)EO_(n)C at the PTFE-water interface was significantly lower than that on the surface of the solution.As the concentration increases above cmc,semi-micelle aggregates on the surface of PTFE are formed by C_(18)PO_(m)EO_(n)C molecules through hydrophobic interaction,and the hydrophilic group faces the solution to modify the surface of PTFE with high efficiency.展开更多
Fluorosurfactants play a crucial role in ensuring the stability and uniformity of droplet microreactors,which significantly broaden their applications in chemical and biological research.This review covers structure d...Fluorosurfactants play a crucial role in ensuring the stability and uniformity of droplet microreactors,which significantly broaden their applications in chemical and biological research.This review covers structure diversity and functional versatility of fluorosurfactants.Fluorosurfactants can be divided into two basic types according to their structure,linear and dendritic types,which both provides individual advantages.Linear fluorosurfactants are easily synthesized and commercially available,whereas dendritic fluorosurfactants have a branched structure that greatly reduces molecular cross-talk between droplets.Based on the application point of view,fluorosurfactants can be further classified into two categories:reactive and responsive fluorosurfactants.The hydrophilic head of reactive fluorosurfactants contains a reactive functional group,making them very useful in other applications,such as microcapsule preparation or protein crystallization.In contrast,responsive fluorosurfactants would change their properties with respect to external stimuli,such as temperature or light,making them perfect candidates for the on-demand control of droplet behavior.Development of these new classes of fluorosurfactants has expanded the capabilities and applications of droplet microreactors that enables interdisciplinary challenges to be solved.展开更多
The overuse of surfactants has made them well-known environmental pollutants.So far,it is still a challenge to simultaneously distinguish cationic,anionic,zwitterionic,nonionic surfactants and surfactants with similar...The overuse of surfactants has made them well-known environmental pollutants.So far,it is still a challenge to simultaneously distinguish cationic,anionic,zwitterionic,nonionic surfactants and surfactants with similar structures based on traditional analytical techniques.We developed a high-throughput method for distinguishing various surfactants based on the adaptive emission profile as fingerprints(AEPF).The fluorescence response of the sensor was based on the interaction between surfactants and 1,3-diacetylpyrene(o-DAP)probe.The interaction affected the reversible conversion of free molecules and two aggregates in the solution,thereby changing the relative abundance and the fluorescence intensity ratio of two aggregates emitting different fluorescence.The o-DAP sensor can distinguish four types of surfactants(16 surfactants),especially surfactants of the same type with similar structures.The o-DAP sensor sensitively determined the critical micelle concentration(CMC)of 16 surfactants based on the interaction between o-DAP and surfactants.Additionally,the o-DAP sensor can detect and distinguish artificial vesicles made from different surfactants.展开更多
This paper summarizes the mechanisms and environmental effects of interactions between microplastics and surfactants: surfactants adsorb onto microplastics surfaces through hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic f...This paper summarizes the mechanisms and environmental effects of interactions between microplastics and surfactants: surfactants adsorb onto microplastics surfaces through hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic forces, changing their surface properties and transport behavior. In addition, microplastics act as carriers influencing surfactant distribution. Environmental factors (pH, ionic strength, etc. ) significantly regulate this process. Current research still has limitations in areas such as desorption kinetics and combined pollution effects, necessitating in-depth studies under environmentally relevant conditions to provide a basis for risk assessment.展开更多
Background Persistent pulmonary hypertension(PPHN)of the newborn is one of the major contributors to neonatal mortality.Current conventional treatments for PPHN primarily encompass mechanical ventilation,inhaled nitri...Background Persistent pulmonary hypertension(PPHN)of the newborn is one of the major contributors to neonatal mortality.Current conventional treatments for PPHN primarily encompass mechanical ventilation,inhaled nitric oxide(iNO),sildenafil,and magnesium sulfate.In confirmed cases of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,pulmonary surfactant(PS)can be considered as a potential treatment option;However,the optimal dosage and administration frequency of PS remain subjects of ongoing debate.This study aimed to assess the efficacy of early repeated endotracheal PS administration combined with iNO therapy in the management of newborns with PPHN.Methods Twenty-three neonates with PPHN received iNO alongside foundational treatments,including anti-infection therapy,mechanical ventilation,acidosis correction,and blood pressure stabilization.The observation group(n=13)received endotracheal instillation of PS three times,with each administration spaced six hours apart;The control group(n=10)received endotracheal instillation of PS once.Parameters compared included blood gas indices,oxygenation index(OI),alveolar-arterial oxygen partial pressure difference(PA-aDO,),pulmonary artery systolic pressure(PAP),and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-pro-BNP).Mechanical ventilation duration,oxygen therapy time,hospitalization length,and survival outcomes were recorded and compared between groups.Results The blood gas parameters,OI,and PA-aDO,showed no significant differences between the two groups of children before treatment(P>0.05).By 24-hour post-treatment,both groups exhibited significant increases in partial pressure of oxygen(PaO,)and potential of hydrogen(PH)levels,alongside significant decreases in lactate,partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO,),OI,and PA-aDO2,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).By 48-hour post-treatment,the observation group demonstrated significantly better improvements in blood gas parameters,OI,and PA-aDO,compared to the control group,and these differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in PAP and NT-pro-BNP levels between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,both groups showed significant decreases in PAP and NT-pro-BNP levels(P<0.05),with a more pronounced reduction observed in the observation group(P<0.05).The observation group had significantly shorter durations of mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy compared to the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Additionally,the observation group exhibited a shorter total hospital stay and a lower mortality rate than the control group,though these differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions Early consecutive multiple doses of PS combined with iNO,compared to a single dose,better improves respiratory function indices,maintains stability,reduces pulmonary artery pressure,enhances cardiac function,shortens ventilator dependency,and increases cure rates in PPHN neonates.This approach is particularly suitable for severe PPHN cases,especially those with underlying pulmonary conditions.展开更多
Objective Recent studies have overturned the traditional concept of the lung as a “sterile organ” revealing that pulmonary microbiota dysbiosis and abnormal surfactant proteins(SPs) expression are involved in the pr...Objective Recent studies have overturned the traditional concept of the lung as a “sterile organ” revealing that pulmonary microbiota dysbiosis and abnormal surfactant proteins(SPs) expression are involved in the progression of silicosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between abnormal SPs expression and dysbiosis of lung microbiota in silica-induced lung fibrosis, providing insights into mechanisms of silicosis.Methods Lung pathology, SPs expression, and microbiota composition were evaluated in silicaexposed mice. A mouse model of antibiotic-induced microbiota depletion was established, and alveolar structure and SPs expression were assessed. The roles of the lung microbiota and SPs in silicosis progression were further evaluated in mice with antibiotic-induced microbiota depletion, both with and without silica exposure.Results Silica exposure induced lung inflammation and fibrosis, along with increased expression of SPA expression. Antibiotics(Abx)-induced microbiota depletion elevated SP-A and SP-D expression.Furthermore, silica exposure altered lung microbiota composition, enriching potentially pathogenic taxa.However, antibiotic-induced microbiota depletion prior to silica exposure reduced silica-mediated lung fibrosis and inflammation.Conclusion Lung microbiota is associated with silica-induced lung injury. Overproduction of SP-A and SP-D, induced by Abx-induced microbiota depletion, may enhance the resistance of mouse lung tissue to silica-induced injury.展开更多
Background:Traditional synthetic surfactants used in shampoos,such as sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS),raise significant environmental and dermatological concerns due to their poor biodegradability,high irritation potential...Background:Traditional synthetic surfactants used in shampoos,such as sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS),raise significant environmental and dermatological concerns due to their poor biodegradability,high irritation potential,and petrochemical origin.In contrast,biosurfactants offer eco-friendly,skin-compatible alternatives that align with green chemistry principles and support sustainable personal care.Objective:This review aims to critically evaluate the functional,environmental,and dermatological performance of microbial biosurfactants,particularly rhamnolipids and sophorolipids,as sustainable alternatives to synthetic surfactants in shampoo formulations.Methods:A comprehensive analysis of published research was conducted to assess biosurfactant properties,production methods,comparative cleansing and foaming efficacy,biodegradability,skin compatibility,and formulation challenges.The review includes physicochemical data,in vitro and in vivo performance metrics,and case examples from commercial products.Results:Rhamnolipids and sophorolipids demonstrated sebum removal efficiencies of 85–95%,foam volume retention above 75%,and biodegradability rates of 60–95%within 7–14 days.They exhibited lower irritation indices(<1.0)and caused≤10%protein loss in skin models,in contrast to SLS,which caused up to 40%protein denaturation.However,biosurfactant integration is challenged by higher costs($20–40/kg),pH sensitivity,and limited consumer familiarity.Formulation strategies such as hybrid surfactant systems,pH buffering,and synergistic blends were reviewed to overcome these barriers.Conclusion:Biosurfactants offer a promising path toward microbiome-friendly,sustainable shampoos without compromising cleansing or sensory performance.To enable broader adoption,efforts must focus on improving fermentation efficiency,optimizing formulation stability,and educating consumers.Strategic positioning of biosurfactants based on their unique functional profiles can help meet evolving demands for eco-conscious and dermatologically gentle hair care.展开更多
Using sodium laureth sulfate(AES)as reference,the effects of different pH values on the foam properties of four amino acid surfactants(sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine,disodium cocoyl glutamate,sodium methyl...Using sodium laureth sulfate(AES)as reference,the effects of different pH values on the foam properties of four amino acid surfactants(sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine,disodium cocoyl glutamate,sodium methyl cocoyl taurate)were compared.On the basis,the effects of amino acid surfactants on foam performance,flocculation behavior,hair color protection efficacy and sebum removal capacity were studied when AES was completely or partially replaced by amino acid surfactant,and the correlation between the structure of amino acid surfactant and these properties was discussed.Compared with AES,the foam performance of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine and disodium cocoyl glutamate were significantly affected by pH value,and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate was less affected.The foam stability of shampoo system can be enhanced by the combination of amino acid surfactant,and the foam performance of shampoo system can be significantly improved by the combination of sodium methyl cocoyl taurate.All the four amino acid surfactants can prolong the flocculation time of shampoo,and the effect of disodium cocoyl glutamate was the most obvious.The hair color protection efficacy of disodium cocoyl glutamate and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate were better than AES.The degreasing power of disodium cocoyl glutamate was weaker than that of AES,and the degreasing power of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate were stronger than that of AES.展开更多
From April 21st to 23rd,the 2025 China Surfactant Industry Conference was successfully held in Hangzhou.The conference was hosted by China Research Institute of Daily Chemical,and the National Engineering Research Cen...From April 21st to 23rd,the 2025 China Surfactant Industry Conference was successfully held in Hangzhou.The conference was hosted by China Research Institute of Daily Chemical,and the National Engineering Research Center for Surfactant,undertaken by the National Productivity Promotion Center for Surfactant and Detergent Industry and the China Daily Chemical Industry Information Center,specially co-organized by Zanyu Technology Group Co.,Ltd,and jointly co-organized by the China Surface Active Agent Industry Alliance (SAA),the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB),the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO),and the American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS).展开更多
As oil and gas development increasingly targets unconventional reservoirs,the limitations of conventional hydraulic fracturing,namely high water consumption and significant reservoir damage,have become more pronounced...As oil and gas development increasingly targets unconventional reservoirs,the limitations of conventional hydraulic fracturing,namely high water consumption and significant reservoir damage,have become more pronounced.This has driven growing interest in the development of clean fracturing fluids that minimize both water usage and formation impairment.In this study,a low-liquid-content viscoelastic surfactant(VES)foam fracturing fluid system was formulated and evaluated through laboratory experiments.The optimized formulation comprises 0.2%foaming agent CTAB(cetyltrimethylammonium bromide)and 2%foam stabilizer EAPB(erucamidopropyl betaine).Laboratory tests demonstrated that the VES foam system achieved a composite foam value of 56,700 mL・s,reflecting excellent foaming performance.Proppant transport experiments revealed minimal variation in suspended sand volume over 120 min across different sand ratios,indicating robust sand-carrying capacity even at high proppant concentrations.Rheological measurements showed that the fluid maintained a viscosity above 120 mPa・s after 120 min of shearing at 70℃ and a shear rate of 170 s−1,with the elastic modulus exceeding the viscous modulus,confirming the system’s exceptional stability and resilience.Furthermore,core damage tests indicated that the VES foam caused only 4.42%formation damage,highlighting its potential for efficient and low-damage stimulation of tight reservoirs.Overall,the findings demonstrate that this low-liquid-content VES foam provides a highly effective,environmentally considerate alternative for hydraulic fracturing in unconventional formations,combining superior proppant transport,rheological stability,and minimal reservoir impairment.展开更多
The photochemical conversion of SO_(2) to sulfates on 4-(benzoyl)benzoic acid(4-BBA)was investigated deeply in the presence of anionic and cationic surfactants.The types of surfactants determined their effect behavior...The photochemical conversion of SO_(2) to sulfates on 4-(benzoyl)benzoic acid(4-BBA)was investigated deeply in the presence of anionic and cationic surfactants.The types of surfactants determined their effect behaviors,and cationic surfactants can significantly enhance the SO_(2) oxidation on 4-BBA under irradiation,as shown by larger SO_(2) uptake coefficients and sulfate production.Hydrophilic moieties in cationic surfactants have a greater enhancement effect on the photochemical conversion of SO_(2) to sulfates than the corresponding hydrophobic moieties.Cationic surfactants obviously increased the accumulation of H_(2)O on the surface,which was proved to be the main factor influencing the SO_(2) uptake and the sulfate formation on 4-BBA.SO_(2) lifetime and sulfate formation rate in the mixture system of photosensitive substances with surfactants were evaluated to be 2.25 days and 0.09μg/(m^(3)·h),respectively.展开更多
From April 21 to 23,2025,the “2025 China Surfactant Industry Alliance(SAA)” was successfully held in Hangzhou,sponsored by the China Research Institute of Daily Chemical and the National Engineering Research Center ...From April 21 to 23,2025,the “2025 China Surfactant Industry Alliance(SAA)” was successfully held in Hangzhou,sponsored by the China Research Institute of Daily Chemical and the National Engineering Research Center for Surfactants,undertaken by the Productivity Promotion Center of the Surfactant and Detergent Industry and the China National Daily Chemical Industry Information Center,specially assisted by Zanyu Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,and co organized by the China Surfactant Industry Alliance(SAA),the Malaysian Palm Oil Board(MPOB),the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil(RSPO),and the American Oil Chemists' Society(AOCS).展开更多
By investigating the performance characteristics of the bio-based surfactant 8901A,a composite decontamination and injection system was developed using 8901A as the primary agent,tailored for application in low-permea...By investigating the performance characteristics of the bio-based surfactant 8901A,a composite decontamination and injection system was developed using 8901A as the primary agent,tailored for application in low-permeability and heavy oil reservoirs under varying temperature conditions.The results demonstrate that this system effectively reduces oil–water interfacial tension,achieving an ultra-low interfacial tension state.The static oil washing efficiency of oil sands exceeds 85%,the average pressure reduction rate reaches 21.55%,and the oil recovery rate improves by 13.54%.These enhancements significantly increase the system’s ability to dissolve oilbased blockages,thereby lowering water injection pressure caused by organic fouling,increasing the injection volume of injection wells,and ultimately improving oil recovery efficiency.展开更多
During oil displacement,surfactants often encounter challenges such as emulsion instability and channeling,which can compromise their efficiency.To address these issues,polymer microspheres were synthesized via revers...During oil displacement,surfactants often encounter challenges such as emulsion instability and channeling,which can compromise their efficiency.To address these issues,polymer microspheres were synthesized via reverse microemulsion polymerization using acrylamide,2-methyl-2-acrylamidopropane sulfonic acid,and stearyl methacrylate as monomers,with N,N-methylenebisacrylamide as the crosslinker.The microspheres were then combined with sodium alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate to enhance emulsion stability and expand the swept volume of surfactant.A stable reverse microemulsion system was prepared using the maximum water solubilization rate as the indicator,and microspheres were synthesized based on this system.The ability of the microspheres to enhance emulsion stability was systematically evaluated.The plugging performance and enhanced oil recovery(EOR)efficiency of the microsphere/surfactant composite system were assessed through core seepage and oil displacement experiments.The experimental results demonstrated that microspheres were successfully prepared in a water-in-oil reverse microemulsion system with a solubilization rate of 42%.The emulsion stability was evaluated under an oil-to-water ratio of 7:3,a temperature of 80℃,and a salinity of 44,592 mg/L,by manually shaking the test tube five times.It was observed that the complete phase separation time of the emulsion increased from 10 to 120 min after the addition of microspheres.Under different permeability conditions(100×10^(-3),300×10^(-3),500×10^(-3)μm^(2)),the recovery efficiency of the composite system increased by 4.5%,8.3%,and 4.8%,respectively,compared to a single surfactant system.The microspheres developed in this study enhanced emulsion stability and increased the swept volume of surfactant within the formation,significantly boosting its oil recovery efficiency.展开更多
In modern engineering,enhancing boiling heat transfer efficiency is crucial for optimizing energy use and several industrial processes involving different types of materials.This study explores the enhancement of pool...In modern engineering,enhancing boiling heat transfer efficiency is crucial for optimizing energy use and several industrial processes involving different types of materials.This study explores the enhancement of pool boiling heat transfer potentially induced by combining perforated copper particles on a heated surface with a sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)surfactant in saturated deionized water.Experiments were conducted at standard atmospheric pressure,with heat flux ranging from 20 to 100 kW/m2.The heating surface,positioned below the layer of freely moving copper beads,allowed the particle layer to shift due to liquid convection and steam nucleation.The study reports on the influence of copper bead diameter(2,3,4,and 5 mm),particle quantity,arrangement,and SDS concentration(20,200,and 500 ppm).It is shown that the combination of 5 mm particles and a 500 ppm SDS concentration can yield a remarkable 139%improvement in heat transfer efficiency.As demonstrated by direct flow visualization,bubble formation occurs primarily in the gaps between the particles and the heated surface,with the presence of SDS reducing bubble size and accelerating bubble detachment.展开更多
The use of foam,as the most economical soil conditioning technique,in earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine(EPB-TBM)tunneling projects has significant effects on operation efficiency,excavation cost,and operati...The use of foam,as the most economical soil conditioning technique,in earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine(EPB-TBM)tunneling projects has significant effects on operation efficiency,excavation cost,and operation time.This study mainly focuses on developing models to predict the foam(surfactant)consumption.For this purpose,five empirical models are developed based on a database containing 11048 datasets of real-time foam consumption from three EPB-TBM tunneling projects in Iran.This database includes the most effective machine operational parameters and soil geomechanical properties on the foam consumption.Multiple linear regression analysis,multiple non-linear regression analysis,M5Prime decision tree,artificial neural network,and least squares support vector machine techniques are used to construct the models.To evaluate the performance of developed models,three performance evaluation criteria(including normalized root mean square error,variance account for,and coefficient of determination)are used based on the training and testing datasets.The results show that the developed models have high performance and their validity is guaranteed according to the testing dataset.Furthermore,the M5Prime model,which demonstrates the best performance compared to other models,is applied to predict the foam consumption in 19 excavation rings of Kohandezh station in Isfahan metro,Iran.After conducting an excavation operation in this station and comparing the results,it was found that the M5Prime model accurately predicts foam consumption with an average error of less than 13%.Therefore,the developed models,particularly M5Prime model,can be confidently applied in EPB-TBM tunneling projects for predicting foam consumption with a low error rate.展开更多
Gemini quaternary ammonium salt surfactants, butane-a, co-bis（dimethyl dodeculammonium bromide） （BDDA） ethane-a, fl-bis（dimethyl dodeculammonium bromide） （EDDA） were adopted to comparatively study the flotatio...Gemini quaternary ammonium salt surfactants, butane-a, co-bis（dimethyl dodeculammonium bromide） （BDDA） ethane-a, fl-bis（dimethyl dodeculammonium bromide） （EDDA） were adopted to comparatively study the flotation behaviors of kaolinite, pyrophyllite and illite. It was found that three silicate minerals all exhibited good floatability with Gemini cationic surfactants as collectors over a wide pH range, while BDDA showed a stronger collecting power than EDDA. FTIR spectra and zeta potential analysis indicated that the mechanism of adsorption of Gemini collector molecules on three silicate minerals surfaces was almost identical for the electronic attraction and hydrogen bonds effect. The theoretically obtained results of density functional theory （DFT） at B3LYP/6-31G （d） level demonstrated the stronger collecting power of BDDA presented in the floatation test and zeta potential measurement.展开更多
文摘Enhanced oil recovery(EOR)methods are essential for optimizing oil extraction from modern reservoirs.This research delved into the synergistic impact of combining anionic and nonionic surfactant mixtures with silica(SiO_(2))nanoparticles(NPs)in sodium chloride(NaCl)solutions,alongside the added enhancement of polymers,to improve crude oil recovery.The study comprehensively evaluated stability,rheological characteristics,interfacial tension(IFT)behavior,wettability alterations,and EOR experi ments using mixtures of sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)and triton X-100(TX-100)surfactants.Scenarios both with and without SiO_(2)NPs in a base solution containing 3000 ppm NaCl and 2000 ppm xanthan gum(XG)polymer were examined.Core flooding tests were carried out on San-Saba sandstone core specimens with low permeability.The stability tests and dynamic light scattering(DLS)analysis were performed to assess the stability of NPs in low saline-surfactant-polymer solution.It was observed that NPs significantly reduced the IFT between the test solutions and crude oil,with nanofluids exhibiting satisfactory stability at a 0.4 wt%SiO_(2)NPs concentration.Core flooding studies demonstrated a syner gistic interaction between NPs and the binary surfactant-polymer mixture,resulting in substantially greater incremental recovery of oil in comparison with the case of using binary surfactant-polymer combination alone.The mechanisms contributing to EOR with nanofluids,such as IFT reduction and wettability alteration,were explored.Incorporating NPs at concentrations of 0.1,0.2,and 0.4 wt%led to incremental oil recoveries of 4.01%,12.35%,and 12.73%of the original oil in place(OOIP),respectively,as opposed to the recovery achieved using only SDS+TX-100+XG.Consequently,these findings advance the understanding of the potential application of SiO_(2)NPs in combination with the binary surfactant polymer mixture as effective chemical EOR agents.Additionally,these insights aid in identifying suit able sandstone reservoirs for nanofluid application,contributing to the optimization of oil recovery strategies.
基金Project(20276016) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The viscoelastic micelle systems formed by novel anionic-nonionic dimeric surfactant and conventional cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium(1631) were studied.The viscoelasticity,thixotropy,flow curves and constitutive equation for the novel viscoelastic micelle systems were investigated.The results show that the micelle systems possess viscoelasticity,thixotropy,and shear thinning property.Some micelle systems possess hysteresis loops showing both viscoelasticity and thixotropy.It is proved that the flow curves are characterized by the co-rotational Jeffreys constitutive equation correctly.
文摘Non-aqueous emulsions have a wide range of applications in cosmetics,drug-controlled release,and the preparation of functional nanoparticles.However,due to the weaker polarity of non-aqueous solvents,these emulsions often exhibit inferior stability compared to their aqueous counterparts.In this experiment,the properties of quaternary ammonium surfactants in glycerol were investigated through surface tension measurements,to further enhance the stability of n-decane/glycerol emulsions,hydrophilic nanoparticles SiO_(2) were modified in situ using double tailed quaternary ammonium surfactants Di-C_(12)DAB and Di-C_(16)DAB.Stable n-decane/glycerol Pickering emulsions were successfully prepared.These emulsions were stable at 45℃for over six months,and no significant changes in droplet size occurred.The minimum droplet size of the emulsion was only 2-3μm.Contact angle measurements showed that the wettability of the silica surface was tremendously affected by the concentration and the alkyl chain length of the double-tailed surfactants.In the presence of Di-C_(12)DAB,the contact angle of glycerol on the silica surface increased monotonically with the surfactant concentration.This explains the phenomenon that the Pickering emulsions containing Di-C_(12)DAB and silica particles were stable within the contact angle range of 80°-120°.Comparatively,the contact angle of the glycerol on the silica surface in the presence of Di-C_(16)DAB first increased with surfactant concentrations and then decreased,reaching a maximum at 0.6 mmol/L.It can be concluded that Di-C_(12)DAB formed monolayers at the surface of silica particles within all investigated concentrations.On the contrary,Di-C_(16)DAB formed monolayers at concentrations below 0.6 mmol/L and formed double layers at concentrations above 0.6 mmol/L,leading to a non-monotonic change in the contact angle with respect to concentration.Using these stable non-aqueous Pickering emulsions as templates,polymer microspheres with a particle size of 2-3μm were successfully prepared with high yield.This work is helpful to expand the potential applications of non-aqueous emulsions in the encapsulation of drug,controlled release,material preparation,and cosmetic formulations.
文摘In order to explore the mechanism of improving the surface wettability of low-energy polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)by new extended surfactants,five kinds of extended anionic surfactants with different numbers of oxypropylene(PO)and oxyethylene(EO),octadecyl-(PO)_(m)-(EO)_(n)-sodium carboxylate(C_(18)PO_(m)EO_(n)C,m=5,10,15,n=5,10,15),were studied.The surface tension and contact angle of C_(18)PO_(m)EO_(n)C solution with different concentrations were measured,and the adhesion tension,PTFE-water interfacial tension,and adhesion work were calculated.It was found that the extended surfactant molecules adsorb on the surface of the solution and the PTFE-liquid interface simultaneously when the concentration is lower than the critical micelle concentration(cmc),and there was a linear relationship between surface tension and adhesion tension.The adsorption amount of C_(18)PO_(m)EO_(n)C at the PTFE-water interface was significantly lower than that on the surface of the solution.As the concentration increases above cmc,semi-micelle aggregates on the surface of PTFE are formed by C_(18)PO_(m)EO_(n)C molecules through hydrophobic interaction,and the hydrophilic group faces the solution to modify the surface of PTFE with high efficiency.
基金support of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2104300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2322011,22308146,22278214)the support of the State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(SKL-MCE-22A06,KL20-02).
文摘Fluorosurfactants play a crucial role in ensuring the stability and uniformity of droplet microreactors,which significantly broaden their applications in chemical and biological research.This review covers structure diversity and functional versatility of fluorosurfactants.Fluorosurfactants can be divided into two basic types according to their structure,linear and dendritic types,which both provides individual advantages.Linear fluorosurfactants are easily synthesized and commercially available,whereas dendritic fluorosurfactants have a branched structure that greatly reduces molecular cross-talk between droplets.Based on the application point of view,fluorosurfactants can be further classified into two categories:reactive and responsive fluorosurfactants.The hydrophilic head of reactive fluorosurfactants contains a reactive functional group,making them very useful in other applications,such as microcapsule preparation or protein crystallization.In contrast,responsive fluorosurfactants would change their properties with respect to external stimuli,such as temperature or light,making them perfect candidates for the on-demand control of droplet behavior.Development of these new classes of fluorosurfactants has expanded the capabilities and applications of droplet microreactors that enables interdisciplinary challenges to be solved.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22225806,22078314,22278394,22378385)Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(Nos.DICPI202142,DICPI202436).
文摘The overuse of surfactants has made them well-known environmental pollutants.So far,it is still a challenge to simultaneously distinguish cationic,anionic,zwitterionic,nonionic surfactants and surfactants with similar structures based on traditional analytical techniques.We developed a high-throughput method for distinguishing various surfactants based on the adaptive emission profile as fingerprints(AEPF).The fluorescence response of the sensor was based on the interaction between surfactants and 1,3-diacetylpyrene(o-DAP)probe.The interaction affected the reversible conversion of free molecules and two aggregates in the solution,thereby changing the relative abundance and the fluorescence intensity ratio of two aggregates emitting different fluorescence.The o-DAP sensor can distinguish four types of surfactants(16 surfactants),especially surfactants of the same type with similar structures.The o-DAP sensor sensitively determined the critical micelle concentration(CMC)of 16 surfactants based on the interaction between o-DAP and surfactants.Additionally,the o-DAP sensor can detect and distinguish artificial vesicles made from different surfactants.
基金Supported by Zhaoqing University Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students (X202410580130).
文摘This paper summarizes the mechanisms and environmental effects of interactions between microplastics and surfactants: surfactants adsorb onto microplastics surfaces through hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic forces, changing their surface properties and transport behavior. In addition, microplastics act as carriers influencing surfactant distribution. Environmental factors (pH, ionic strength, etc. ) significantly regulate this process. Current research still has limitations in areas such as desorption kinetics and combined pollution effects, necessitating in-depth studies under environmentally relevant conditions to provide a basis for risk assessment.
文摘Background Persistent pulmonary hypertension(PPHN)of the newborn is one of the major contributors to neonatal mortality.Current conventional treatments for PPHN primarily encompass mechanical ventilation,inhaled nitric oxide(iNO),sildenafil,and magnesium sulfate.In confirmed cases of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,pulmonary surfactant(PS)can be considered as a potential treatment option;However,the optimal dosage and administration frequency of PS remain subjects of ongoing debate.This study aimed to assess the efficacy of early repeated endotracheal PS administration combined with iNO therapy in the management of newborns with PPHN.Methods Twenty-three neonates with PPHN received iNO alongside foundational treatments,including anti-infection therapy,mechanical ventilation,acidosis correction,and blood pressure stabilization.The observation group(n=13)received endotracheal instillation of PS three times,with each administration spaced six hours apart;The control group(n=10)received endotracheal instillation of PS once.Parameters compared included blood gas indices,oxygenation index(OI),alveolar-arterial oxygen partial pressure difference(PA-aDO,),pulmonary artery systolic pressure(PAP),and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-pro-BNP).Mechanical ventilation duration,oxygen therapy time,hospitalization length,and survival outcomes were recorded and compared between groups.Results The blood gas parameters,OI,and PA-aDO,showed no significant differences between the two groups of children before treatment(P>0.05).By 24-hour post-treatment,both groups exhibited significant increases in partial pressure of oxygen(PaO,)and potential of hydrogen(PH)levels,alongside significant decreases in lactate,partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO,),OI,and PA-aDO2,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).By 48-hour post-treatment,the observation group demonstrated significantly better improvements in blood gas parameters,OI,and PA-aDO,compared to the control group,and these differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in PAP and NT-pro-BNP levels between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,both groups showed significant decreases in PAP and NT-pro-BNP levels(P<0.05),with a more pronounced reduction observed in the observation group(P<0.05).The observation group had significantly shorter durations of mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy compared to the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Additionally,the observation group exhibited a shorter total hospital stay and a lower mortality rate than the control group,though these differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions Early consecutive multiple doses of PS combined with iNO,compared to a single dose,better improves respiratory function indices,maintains stability,reduces pulmonary artery pressure,enhances cardiac function,shortens ventilator dependency,and increases cure rates in PPHN neonates.This approach is particularly suitable for severe PPHN cases,especially those with underlying pulmonary conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Joint Fund for Regional Innovation and Development(Grant numbers [U21A20334])the Postgraduate Innovation Funding Project of Hebei Province(Grant numbers [CXZZBS2022116])。
文摘Objective Recent studies have overturned the traditional concept of the lung as a “sterile organ” revealing that pulmonary microbiota dysbiosis and abnormal surfactant proteins(SPs) expression are involved in the progression of silicosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between abnormal SPs expression and dysbiosis of lung microbiota in silica-induced lung fibrosis, providing insights into mechanisms of silicosis.Methods Lung pathology, SPs expression, and microbiota composition were evaluated in silicaexposed mice. A mouse model of antibiotic-induced microbiota depletion was established, and alveolar structure and SPs expression were assessed. The roles of the lung microbiota and SPs in silicosis progression were further evaluated in mice with antibiotic-induced microbiota depletion, both with and without silica exposure.Results Silica exposure induced lung inflammation and fibrosis, along with increased expression of SPA expression. Antibiotics(Abx)-induced microbiota depletion elevated SP-A and SP-D expression.Furthermore, silica exposure altered lung microbiota composition, enriching potentially pathogenic taxa.However, antibiotic-induced microbiota depletion prior to silica exposure reduced silica-mediated lung fibrosis and inflammation.Conclusion Lung microbiota is associated with silica-induced lung injury. Overproduction of SP-A and SP-D, induced by Abx-induced microbiota depletion, may enhance the resistance of mouse lung tissue to silica-induced injury.
文摘Background:Traditional synthetic surfactants used in shampoos,such as sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS),raise significant environmental and dermatological concerns due to their poor biodegradability,high irritation potential,and petrochemical origin.In contrast,biosurfactants offer eco-friendly,skin-compatible alternatives that align with green chemistry principles and support sustainable personal care.Objective:This review aims to critically evaluate the functional,environmental,and dermatological performance of microbial biosurfactants,particularly rhamnolipids and sophorolipids,as sustainable alternatives to synthetic surfactants in shampoo formulations.Methods:A comprehensive analysis of published research was conducted to assess biosurfactant properties,production methods,comparative cleansing and foaming efficacy,biodegradability,skin compatibility,and formulation challenges.The review includes physicochemical data,in vitro and in vivo performance metrics,and case examples from commercial products.Results:Rhamnolipids and sophorolipids demonstrated sebum removal efficiencies of 85–95%,foam volume retention above 75%,and biodegradability rates of 60–95%within 7–14 days.They exhibited lower irritation indices(<1.0)and caused≤10%protein loss in skin models,in contrast to SLS,which caused up to 40%protein denaturation.However,biosurfactant integration is challenged by higher costs($20–40/kg),pH sensitivity,and limited consumer familiarity.Formulation strategies such as hybrid surfactant systems,pH buffering,and synergistic blends were reviewed to overcome these barriers.Conclusion:Biosurfactants offer a promising path toward microbiome-friendly,sustainable shampoos without compromising cleansing or sensory performance.To enable broader adoption,efforts must focus on improving fermentation efficiency,optimizing formulation stability,and educating consumers.Strategic positioning of biosurfactants based on their unique functional profiles can help meet evolving demands for eco-conscious and dermatologically gentle hair care.
文摘Using sodium laureth sulfate(AES)as reference,the effects of different pH values on the foam properties of four amino acid surfactants(sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine,disodium cocoyl glutamate,sodium methyl cocoyl taurate)were compared.On the basis,the effects of amino acid surfactants on foam performance,flocculation behavior,hair color protection efficacy and sebum removal capacity were studied when AES was completely or partially replaced by amino acid surfactant,and the correlation between the structure of amino acid surfactant and these properties was discussed.Compared with AES,the foam performance of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine and disodium cocoyl glutamate were significantly affected by pH value,and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate was less affected.The foam stability of shampoo system can be enhanced by the combination of amino acid surfactant,and the foam performance of shampoo system can be significantly improved by the combination of sodium methyl cocoyl taurate.All the four amino acid surfactants can prolong the flocculation time of shampoo,and the effect of disodium cocoyl glutamate was the most obvious.The hair color protection efficacy of disodium cocoyl glutamate and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate were better than AES.The degreasing power of disodium cocoyl glutamate was weaker than that of AES,and the degreasing power of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate,lauroyl alanine and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate were stronger than that of AES.
文摘From April 21st to 23rd,the 2025 China Surfactant Industry Conference was successfully held in Hangzhou.The conference was hosted by China Research Institute of Daily Chemical,and the National Engineering Research Center for Surfactant,undertaken by the National Productivity Promotion Center for Surfactant and Detergent Industry and the China Daily Chemical Industry Information Center,specially co-organized by Zanyu Technology Group Co.,Ltd,and jointly co-organized by the China Surface Active Agent Industry Alliance (SAA),the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB),the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO),and the American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS).
文摘As oil and gas development increasingly targets unconventional reservoirs,the limitations of conventional hydraulic fracturing,namely high water consumption and significant reservoir damage,have become more pronounced.This has driven growing interest in the development of clean fracturing fluids that minimize both water usage and formation impairment.In this study,a low-liquid-content viscoelastic surfactant(VES)foam fracturing fluid system was formulated and evaluated through laboratory experiments.The optimized formulation comprises 0.2%foaming agent CTAB(cetyltrimethylammonium bromide)and 2%foam stabilizer EAPB(erucamidopropyl betaine).Laboratory tests demonstrated that the VES foam system achieved a composite foam value of 56,700 mL・s,reflecting excellent foaming performance.Proppant transport experiments revealed minimal variation in suspended sand volume over 120 min across different sand ratios,indicating robust sand-carrying capacity even at high proppant concentrations.Rheological measurements showed that the fluid maintained a viscosity above 120 mPa・s after 120 min of shearing at 70℃ and a shear rate of 170 s−1,with the elastic modulus exceeding the viscous modulus,confirming the system’s exceptional stability and resilience.Furthermore,core damage tests indicated that the VES foam caused only 4.42%formation damage,highlighting its potential for efficient and low-damage stimulation of tight reservoirs.Overall,the findings demonstrate that this low-liquid-content VES foam provides a highly effective,environmentally considerate alternative for hydraulic fracturing in unconventional formations,combining superior proppant transport,rheological stability,and minimal reservoir impairment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42077198 and 22206023)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1907185)+1 种基金Liaoning Science and Technology Joint Project(No.2023-MSBA-109)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.N2325019 and N2325034).
文摘The photochemical conversion of SO_(2) to sulfates on 4-(benzoyl)benzoic acid(4-BBA)was investigated deeply in the presence of anionic and cationic surfactants.The types of surfactants determined their effect behaviors,and cationic surfactants can significantly enhance the SO_(2) oxidation on 4-BBA under irradiation,as shown by larger SO_(2) uptake coefficients and sulfate production.Hydrophilic moieties in cationic surfactants have a greater enhancement effect on the photochemical conversion of SO_(2) to sulfates than the corresponding hydrophobic moieties.Cationic surfactants obviously increased the accumulation of H_(2)O on the surface,which was proved to be the main factor influencing the SO_(2) uptake and the sulfate formation on 4-BBA.SO_(2) lifetime and sulfate formation rate in the mixture system of photosensitive substances with surfactants were evaluated to be 2.25 days and 0.09μg/(m^(3)·h),respectively.
文摘From April 21 to 23,2025,the “2025 China Surfactant Industry Alliance(SAA)” was successfully held in Hangzhou,sponsored by the China Research Institute of Daily Chemical and the National Engineering Research Center for Surfactants,undertaken by the Productivity Promotion Center of the Surfactant and Detergent Industry and the China National Daily Chemical Industry Information Center,specially assisted by Zanyu Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,and co organized by the China Surfactant Industry Alliance(SAA),the Malaysian Palm Oil Board(MPOB),the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil(RSPO),and the American Oil Chemists' Society(AOCS).
文摘By investigating the performance characteristics of the bio-based surfactant 8901A,a composite decontamination and injection system was developed using 8901A as the primary agent,tailored for application in low-permeability and heavy oil reservoirs under varying temperature conditions.The results demonstrate that this system effectively reduces oil–water interfacial tension,achieving an ultra-low interfacial tension state.The static oil washing efficiency of oil sands exceeds 85%,the average pressure reduction rate reaches 21.55%,and the oil recovery rate improves by 13.54%.These enhancements significantly increase the system’s ability to dissolve oilbased blockages,thereby lowering water injection pressure caused by organic fouling,increasing the injection volume of injection wells,and ultimately improving oil recovery efficiency.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021ME007)the National Natural Science Foundation in China(51574267)the Key Projects of China National Key Research and Development Plan(2019YFA0708703)。
文摘During oil displacement,surfactants often encounter challenges such as emulsion instability and channeling,which can compromise their efficiency.To address these issues,polymer microspheres were synthesized via reverse microemulsion polymerization using acrylamide,2-methyl-2-acrylamidopropane sulfonic acid,and stearyl methacrylate as monomers,with N,N-methylenebisacrylamide as the crosslinker.The microspheres were then combined with sodium alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate to enhance emulsion stability and expand the swept volume of surfactant.A stable reverse microemulsion system was prepared using the maximum water solubilization rate as the indicator,and microspheres were synthesized based on this system.The ability of the microspheres to enhance emulsion stability was systematically evaluated.The plugging performance and enhanced oil recovery(EOR)efficiency of the microsphere/surfactant composite system were assessed through core seepage and oil displacement experiments.The experimental results demonstrated that microspheres were successfully prepared in a water-in-oil reverse microemulsion system with a solubilization rate of 42%.The emulsion stability was evaluated under an oil-to-water ratio of 7:3,a temperature of 80℃,and a salinity of 44,592 mg/L,by manually shaking the test tube five times.It was observed that the complete phase separation time of the emulsion increased from 10 to 120 min after the addition of microspheres.Under different permeability conditions(100×10^(-3),300×10^(-3),500×10^(-3)μm^(2)),the recovery efficiency of the composite system increased by 4.5%,8.3%,and 4.8%,respectively,compared to a single surfactant system.The microspheres developed in this study enhanced emulsion stability and increased the swept volume of surfactant within the formation,significantly boosting its oil recovery efficiency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.52166004)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Project No.2022YFC3902000)+2 种基金the Major Science and Technology Special Project of Yunnan Province(Project Nos.202202AG050007202202AG050002)the Research on the Development of Complete Sets of Technology for Extraction of Aromatic Substances from Tobacco Waste and Its Application,Applied Research-Pyrolysis Process Technology Research(2023QT01).
文摘In modern engineering,enhancing boiling heat transfer efficiency is crucial for optimizing energy use and several industrial processes involving different types of materials.This study explores the enhancement of pool boiling heat transfer potentially induced by combining perforated copper particles on a heated surface with a sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)surfactant in saturated deionized water.Experiments were conducted at standard atmospheric pressure,with heat flux ranging from 20 to 100 kW/m2.The heating surface,positioned below the layer of freely moving copper beads,allowed the particle layer to shift due to liquid convection and steam nucleation.The study reports on the influence of copper bead diameter(2,3,4,and 5 mm),particle quantity,arrangement,and SDS concentration(20,200,and 500 ppm).It is shown that the combination of 5 mm particles and a 500 ppm SDS concentration can yield a remarkable 139%improvement in heat transfer efficiency.As demonstrated by direct flow visualization,bubble formation occurs primarily in the gaps between the particles and the heated surface,with the presence of SDS reducing bubble size and accelerating bubble detachment.
文摘The use of foam,as the most economical soil conditioning technique,in earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine(EPB-TBM)tunneling projects has significant effects on operation efficiency,excavation cost,and operation time.This study mainly focuses on developing models to predict the foam(surfactant)consumption.For this purpose,five empirical models are developed based on a database containing 11048 datasets of real-time foam consumption from three EPB-TBM tunneling projects in Iran.This database includes the most effective machine operational parameters and soil geomechanical properties on the foam consumption.Multiple linear regression analysis,multiple non-linear regression analysis,M5Prime decision tree,artificial neural network,and least squares support vector machine techniques are used to construct the models.To evaluate the performance of developed models,three performance evaluation criteria(including normalized root mean square error,variance account for,and coefficient of determination)are used based on the training and testing datasets.The results show that the developed models have high performance and their validity is guaranteed according to the testing dataset.Furthermore,the M5Prime model,which demonstrates the best performance compared to other models,is applied to predict the foam consumption in 19 excavation rings of Kohandezh station in Isfahan metro,Iran.After conducting an excavation operation in this station and comparing the results,it was found that the M5Prime model accurately predicts foam consumption with an average error of less than 13%.Therefore,the developed models,particularly M5Prime model,can be confidently applied in EPB-TBM tunneling projects for predicting foam consumption with a low error rate.
基金Project(2013AA064102)supported by the High-tech Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(51004114)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Project(2007B52)supported by the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of ChinaProject(NCEP-08-0568)supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Chinese University
文摘Gemini quaternary ammonium salt surfactants, butane-a, co-bis（dimethyl dodeculammonium bromide） （BDDA） ethane-a, fl-bis（dimethyl dodeculammonium bromide） （EDDA） were adopted to comparatively study the flotation behaviors of kaolinite, pyrophyllite and illite. It was found that three silicate minerals all exhibited good floatability with Gemini cationic surfactants as collectors over a wide pH range, while BDDA showed a stronger collecting power than EDDA. FTIR spectra and zeta potential analysis indicated that the mechanism of adsorption of Gemini collector molecules on three silicate minerals surfaces was almost identical for the electronic attraction and hydrogen bonds effect. The theoretically obtained results of density functional theory （DFT） at B3LYP/6-31G （d） level demonstrated the stronger collecting power of BDDA presented in the floatation test and zeta potential measurement.
