Mastering anatomic structures of acupoints is of active significance for avoiding blindly needling and preventing accidents of acupuncture and moxibustion. This multimedia animation system of acupoint anatomy adopts F...Mastering anatomic structures of acupoints is of active significance for avoiding blindly needling and preventing accidents of acupuncture and moxibustion. This multimedia animation system of acupoint anatomy adopts Flash software as developing tool and can dynamically display anatomic layers of needle insertion, with objectivity, convenient operation and English-Chinese control,higher reliability, easy to study and master anatomic knowledge of acupoint anatomy, increase teaching efficiency, and richen teaching ways. This system can be used as a teaching tool of acupuncture and moxibustion, a software of studying anatomy of acupoints and an adjuvant tool of medical workers in studying anatomy.展开更多
By using computer multimedia and database technology to build the animation appreciation auxiliary system (AACAS), we classify the classical animation works according to types, categorize the appreciation main points ...By using computer multimedia and database technology to build the animation appreciation auxiliary system (AACAS), we classify the classical animation works according to types, categorize the appreciation main points and define the attribute, and input the corresponding information into the relevant database in real time so as to realize the logical connection of massive animation resources, and make appreciation information be able to realize free storage, rapid retrieval and easy for calling. In addition, the horizontal comparison of multiple works and the vertical comparison of the same work can be realized. This will significantly change the past inefficient situation of animation appreciation under a single thread, greatly improve the timeliness of the appreciation.展开更多
According to the development of discipline and teaching situation of computer graphics, computer graphics analysis in thecurriculum system, the reform of teaching contents and teaching methods, improve students＇ comp...According to the development of discipline and teaching situation of computer graphics, computer graphics analysis in thecurriculum system, the reform of teaching contents and teaching methods, improve students＇ computer graphics theory teaching and practiceteaching effects by using limited time, adapt to the social demand for graphics software R ＆ D personnel. Motion design and production are ofgreat importance to film and television animation. This article mainly elaborates the present situation, the characteristic and the master method ofthe movie animation movement design and manufacture. Including the animation, motion animation design and production of organized, plannedproduction features that emphasize the characteristics of movement, exaggeration, force and rhythm, this paper presents the common problemsand solutions in the animation language, and the main differences between the animation design and performance in different forms of animation.Through the animation design and expression of the past and present situation analysis, looking forward to the future animation art movementdesign development. Aesthetic lens performance is the artistic pursuit of many film and television creators. Animation, as a highly hypotheticalart form, which is one of the distinctive artistic features of film and television animation, which is based on the limitation of the camera and is fullof expressive lenses.展开更多
This paper is on the construction of animation education system based on the interactive teaching pattern. In brief, the animation industry is a sunrise industry, for promotes our country animation industry fast healt...This paper is on the construction of animation education system based on the interactive teaching pattern. In brief, the animation industry is a sunrise industry, for promotes our country animation industry fast healthy development, the university should further consummate the education directive, the attention enhances the student to synthesize the quality, takes student＇ s innovation ability and the practice ability raise, the enhancement and the enterprise cooperation. In the process of positioning the cartoon talent should be based on the basic needs of the animation industry employment, the establishment of the basic skills of talent training objectives, in order to make talent positioning and industry needs closer. In the future, we will apply the proposed method in the general teaching activities to enhance the overall performance.展开更多
The animation industry is a comprehensive art, and the development is very rapid in recent years, and many excellent domestic animation works are moved on the screen, winning support among the people. Looking to the f...The animation industry is a comprehensive art, and the development is very rapid in recent years, and many excellent domestic animation works are moved on the screen, winning support among the people. Looking to the future, the animation industry has a very great development potential. The animation major is considered as an emerging major in some colleges, and its teaching methods are still in the exploring stage. And the emerging industry has a great demand for animation talent, thus, the teaching methods of animation major need to be reformed to adapt to the constant market demand. This paper proposes an integrated teaching system of animation to solve the contradiction between market demand and traditional animation teaching mode, making analysis and researches of the kind of integrated teaching system, which is briefly described.展开更多
In this paper, we conduct research on curriculum system construction plan for animation design and production of specialty in high vocational colleges. With the development of animation industry in our country, the ex...In this paper, we conduct research on curriculum system construction plan for animation design and production of specialty in high vocational colleges. With the development of animation industry in our country, the existing higher vocational anime education already cannot satisfy the needs of the enterprises. Anime professional teaching reform is imminent. This article stands on the basis of existing animation specialty teaching reform, the analysis summarizes common problems, and proposes the corresponding solution hope to make their efforts to the development of animation education. We insist on teachers in the teaching process, and in the case of the classroom into more comprehensive knowledge, to improve the students＇ technology at the same time, more to improve students＇ comprehensive qualities to look for the better education performance.展开更多
Background:Due to the widespread use of cell phone devices today,numerous re-search studies have focused on the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation on human neuropsychological and reproductive systems.In most...Background:Due to the widespread use of cell phone devices today,numerous re-search studies have focused on the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation on human neuropsychological and reproductive systems.In most studies,oxidative stress has been identified as the primary pathophysiological mechanism underlying the harmful effects of electromagnetic waves.This paper aims to provide a holistic review of the protective effects of melatonin against cell phone-induced electromag-netic waves on various organs.Methods:This study is a systematic review of articles chosen by searching Google Scholar,PubMed,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science,and Science Direct using the key-words‘melatonin’,‘cell phone radiation’,and‘animal model’.The search focused on articles written in English,which were reviewed and evaluated.The PRISMA process was used to review the articles chosen for the study,and the JBI checklist was used to check the quality of the reviewed articles.Results:In the final review of 11 valid quality-checked articles,the effects of me-latonin in the intervention group,the effects of electromagnetic waves in the case group,and the amount of melatonin in the chosen organ,i.e.brain,skin,eyes,testis and the kidney were thoroughly examined.The review showed that electromagnetic waves increase cellular anti-oxidative activity in different tissues such as the brain,the skin,the eyes,the testis,and the kidneys.Melatonin can considerably augment the anti-oxidative system of cells and protect tissues;these measurements were sig-nificantly increased in control groups.Electromagnetic waves can induce tissue atro-phy and cell death in various organs including the brain and the skin and this effect was highly decreased by melatonin.Conclusion:Our review confirms that melatonin effectively protects the organs of an-imal models against electromagnetic waves.In light of this conclusion and the current world-wide use of melatonin,future studies should advance to the stages of human clinical trials.We also recommend that more research in the field of melatonin physi-ology is conducted in order to protect exposed cells from dying and that melatonin should be considered as a pharmaceutical option for treating the complications result-ing from electromagnetic waves in humans.展开更多
The 15th China International Animation Copyright Fair concluded successfully at the ACTIF Center in Shipai Town,Dongguan City,also known as the'"Capital of Art Toys in China.n Over 600 Chinese and foreign ent...The 15th China International Animation Copyright Fair concluded successfully at the ACTIF Center in Shipai Town,Dongguan City,also known as the'"Capital of Art Toys in China.n Over 600 Chinese and foreign enterprises and institutions participated in the event,which featured over 2,000 film and animation IPs from more than 40 countries and regions.展开更多
With the development of educational digitalization,how to effectively apply digital animation technology to traditional classroom teaching has become an urgent problem to be solved.This study explores the application ...With the development of educational digitalization,how to effectively apply digital animation technology to traditional classroom teaching has become an urgent problem to be solved.This study explores the application of Manim in the course of Mathematical Methods for Physics.Taking the visualization of Fourier series,complex numbers,and other content as examples,it improves students’understanding of complex and abstract mathematical physics concepts through dynamic and visual teaching methods.The teaching effect shows that Manim helps to enhance students’learning experience,improve teaching efficiency and effectiveness,and has a positive impact on students’active learning ability.The research in this paper can provide references and inspiration for the educational digitalization of higher education.展开更多
Robust preclinical models of transgender male(TGM) gender-affirming hormone therapy(GAHT) can inform clinicians of the isolated effects of GAHT;however existing models vary significantly in approach. We aimed to asses...Robust preclinical models of transgender male(TGM) gender-affirming hormone therapy(GAHT) can inform clinicians of the isolated effects of GAHT;however existing models vary significantly in approach. We aimed to assess existing methodology and how it influences circulating sex-hormone levels in rodent models of TGM GAHT to provide recommendations of best practise. Pub Med, Embase, and Scopus databases were systematically searched for studies that investigated GAHT in rodent models and were published from inception to the 1st of August 2024. Study characteristics and methodology were extracted and compared. Post-intervention circulating sex hormone concentrations were the primary outcome used to determine whether successful gender affirming hormone therapy had been achieved. Sixteen experimental rodent studies were included. Studies were performed on mice( n = 11) and rats( n = 5). Subcutaneous(SC) pellets and SC silastic implants were featured in some studies but weekly SC injections of testosterone enanthate was the preferred method. Sesame oil was the preferred solvent for injected testosterone formulations. Weekly doses of ~ 450 μg(mice) and ~ 420–900 μg(rats) consistently induced the testosterone levels of the male counterpart. Similarly, 10 mg of unesterified testosterone in a SC silastic implant in mice or 10 mg/100 g in rats were also successful methods. Most studies administered hormones for 6–8 weeks before performing post-treatment assessments. This review demonstrates that methods largely varied across studies and successfully identifies the effective methodological approaches that improve the reproducibility and accuracy of preclinical models. Representing an integral step forward to bridging gaps in preclinical transgender healthcare research.展开更多
The global rise in animal protein consumption has significantly amplified the demand for fodder.A comprehensive understanding of the diversity and characteristics of existing fodder resources is essential for balanced...The global rise in animal protein consumption has significantly amplified the demand for fodder.A comprehensive understanding of the diversity and characteristics of existing fodder resources is essential for balanced nutritional fodder production.This study investigates the diversity and composition of fodder plants and identifies key species for cattle in Zhaotong City,Yunnan,China,while documenting indigenous knowledge on their usage and selection criteria.Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted in 19 villages across seven townships with 140 informants.Data were collected through semi-structured interviews,free listing,and participatory observation,and analyzed using Relative Frequency Citation.A total of 125 taxa(including 106 wild and 19 cultivated)were reported.The most cited family is Poaceae(27 taxa,21.43%),followed by Asteraceae(17 taxa,13.49%),Fabaceae(14 taxa,11.11%),Polygonaceae(9 taxa,7.14%)and Lamiaceae(4 taxa,3.17%).The whole plant(66.04%)and herbaceous plants(84.80%)were the most used parts and life forms.The most cited species were Zea mays,Brassica rapa,Solanum tuberosum,Eragrostis nigra,and Artemisia dubia.Usage of diverse fodder resources reflects local wisdom in managing resource availability and achieving balanced nutrition while coping with environmental and climatic risks.Preferences for certain taxonomic groups are due to their quality as premier fodder resources.To promote integrated crop-livestock farming,we suggest further research into highly preferred fodder species,focusing on nutritional assessment,digestibility,meat quality impacts,and potential as antibiotic alternatives.Establishing germplasm and gene banks for fodder resources is also recommended.展开更多
BACKGROUND Lifestyle factors are closely associated with the onset and progression of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Studies have demonstrated the positive effects of exercise on clinical outcomes and quality of life...BACKGROUND Lifestyle factors are closely associated with the onset and progression of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Studies have demonstrated the positive effects of exercise on clinical outcomes and quality of life in individuals with IBD.Despite the well-documented role of exercise in improving IBD outcomes,the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.AIM To compare the efficacy of different exercise modalities and explore their potential physiological mechanisms in rodent models of colitis.METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search of five databases from inception to September 24,2024,which yielded 19 animal studies in rodent colitis models.We compared the efficacy of various forms of exercise and explored the possible physiological mechanisms.The effects of different exercise modalities,namely forced treadmill running(FTR),voluntary wheel running(VWR),swimming,climbing,and jumping,on both macroscopic symptoms(e.g.,body weight,disease activity,and colon length)and microscopic parameters(e.g.,histopathology,immune markers,oxidative/antioxidant balance,and gut microbiota)in colitis models were compared.RESULTS VWR(simulated recreational physical activity),swimming(aerobic exercise),and strength training(climbing and jumping)consistently promoted overall health in animal colitis models.However,evidence for FTR remains inconsistent,with a notable number of studies suggesting potential exacerbation of colitis symptoms,possibly due to stress or fatigue resulting from its coercive nature.Overall,various exercise(e.g.,VWR,swimming,strength training)ameliorates colitis symptoms possibly by suppressing immune hyperactivation,enhancing antioxidant defenses,and modulating gut microbiota composition.In contrast,FTR was inconsistent,with several studies indicating a potential exacerbation of colitis symptoms,possibly due to stress or fatigue induced by its coercive nature.CONCLUSION Exercise modality is critical in influencing colitis outcomes,with voluntary and low-stress forms generally being beneficial,while forced exercise may yield adverse effects.These findings highlight the importance of exercise type and individual tolerance in designing therapeutic exercise interventions for IBD.Further research is warranted to establish a robust therapeutic framework for exercise-based interventions in IBD management.展开更多
Soft fiberoptic choledochoscope is an important tool for the diagnose and surgical treatment of biliary disease.However,the traditional soft fiberoptic choledochoscope is hard to operate,due to the low position accura...Soft fiberoptic choledochoscope is an important tool for the diagnose and surgical treatment of biliary disease.However,the traditional soft fiberoptic choledochoscope is hard to operate,due to the low position accuracy.Based on the conventional soft fiberoptic choledochoscope,an electrical soft fiberoptic choledochoscope robot with a low latency was developed.In order to improve the controllability of the conventional choledochoscope,the wire traction mechanism and the rotation mechanism are used to bend and rotate the scope,so as to control its movement orientation.The dead band compensation model and control algorithm of the wire traction mechanism are developed to improve the accuracy of the orientation control.The human-computer interaction system and complex motion control system are developed based on ARM embedded system and FPGA.Thanks to the high-speed synchronization channel between FPGA and peripheral,the design of low latency whole-procedure surgical mode was established and verified.Combined with a micro image sensor,real-time video back transmission was realized.The performance of the robot prototype was verified by animal experiment in vivo on a pig.The robot has an extremely low operating latency of no more than 0.402 ms,and a high bending positioning accuracy of±1.43°error margin within 99.7%confidence interval,which guarantees the safety of biliary surgery.展开更多
Traumatic brain injury can be categorized into primary and secondary injuries.Secondary injuries are the main cause of disability following traumatic brain injury,which involves a complex multicellular cascade.Microgl...Traumatic brain injury can be categorized into primary and secondary injuries.Secondary injuries are the main cause of disability following traumatic brain injury,which involves a complex multicellular cascade.Microglia play an important role in secondary injury and can be activated in response to traumatic brain injury.In this article,we review the origin and classification of microglia as well as the dynamic changes of microglia in traumatic brain injury.We also clarify the microglial polarization pathways and the therapeutic drugs targeting activated microglia.We found that regulating the signaling pathways involved in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory microglia,such as the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B,mitogen-activated protein kinase,Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B,Notch,and high mobility group box 1 pathways,can alleviate the inflammatory response triggered by microglia in traumatic brain injury,thereby exerting neuroprotective effects.We also reviewed the strategies developed on the basis of these pathways,such as drug and cell replacement therapies.Drugs that modulate inflammatory factors,such as rosuvastatin,have been shown to promote the polarization of antiinflammatory microglia and reduce the inflammatory response caused by traumatic brain injury.Mesenchymal stem cells possess anti-inflammatory properties,and clinical studies have confirmed their significant efficacy and safety in patients with traumatic brain injury.Additionally,advancements in mesenchymal stem cell-delivery methods—such as combinations of novel biomaterials,genetic engineering,and mesenchymal stem cell exosome therapy—have greatly enhanced the efficiency and therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells in animal models.However,numerous challenges in the application of drug and mesenchymal stem cell treatment strategies remain to be addressed.In the future,new technologies,such as single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis,can facilitate further experimental studies.Moreover,research involving non-human primates can help translate these treatment strategies to clinical practice.展开更多
Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food mater...Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.展开更多
BACKGROUND Non-erosive reflux disease(NERD),the main gastroesophageal reflux subtype,features reflux symptoms without mucosal damage.Anxiety links to visceral hypersensitivity in NERD,yet mechanisms and animal models ...BACKGROUND Non-erosive reflux disease(NERD),the main gastroesophageal reflux subtype,features reflux symptoms without mucosal damage.Anxiety links to visceral hypersensitivity in NERD,yet mechanisms and animal models are unclear.AIM To establish a translational NERD rat model with anxiety comorbidity via tail clamping and study corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)-mediated neuroimmune pathways in visceral hypersensitivity and esophageal injury.METHODS Sprague-Dawley(SD)and Wistar rats were grouped into sham,model,and modified groups(n=10 each).The treatments for the modified groups were as follows:SD rats received ovalbumin/aluminum hydroxide suspension+acid perfusion±tail clamping(40 minutes/day for 7 days),while Wistar rats received fructose water+tail clamping.Esophageal pathology,visceral sensitivity,and behavior were assessed.Serum CRH,calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and mast cell tryptase(MCT)and central amygdala(CeA)CRH mRNA were measured via ELISA and qRT-PCR.RESULTS Tail clamping induced anxiety,worsening visceral hypersensitivity(lower abdominal withdrawal reflex thresholds,P<0.05)and esophageal injury(dilated intercellular spaces and mitochondrial edema).Both models showed raised serum CRH,CGRP,5-HT,and MCT(P<0.01)and CeA CRH mRNA expression(P<0.01).Behavioral tests confirmed anxiety-like phenotypes.NERD-anxiety rats showed clinical-like symptom severity without erosion.CONCLUSION Tail clamping induces anxiety in NERD models,worsening visceral hypersensitivity via CRH neuroimmune dysregulation,offering a translational model and highlighting CRH as a treatment target.展开更多
Effective treatment methods for stroke,a common cerebrovascular disease with a high mortality rate,are still being sought.Exosome therapy,a form of acellular therapy,has demonstrated promising efficacy in various dise...Effective treatment methods for stroke,a common cerebrovascular disease with a high mortality rate,are still being sought.Exosome therapy,a form of acellular therapy,has demonstrated promising efficacy in various diseases in animal models;however,there is currently insufficient evidence to guide the clinical application of exosome in patients with stroke.This article reviews the progress of exosome applications in stroke treatment.It aims to elucidate the significant potential value of exosomes in stroke therapy and provide a reference for their clinical translation.At present,many studies on exosome-based therapies for stroke are actively underway.Regarding preclinical research,exosomes,as bioactive substances with diverse sources,currently favor stem cells as their origin.Due to their high plasticity,exosomes can be effectively modified through various physical,chemical,and genetic engineering methods to enhance their efficacy.In animal models of stroke,exosome therapy can reduce neuroinflammatory responses,alleviate oxidative stress damage,and inhibit programmed cell death.Additionally,exosomes can promote angiogenesis,repair and regenerate damaged white matter fiber bundles,and facilitate the migration and differentiation of neural stem cells,aiding the repair process.We also summarize new directions for the application of exosomes,specifically the exosome intervention through the ventricular-meningeal lymphatic system.The review findings suggest that the treatment paradigm for stroke is poised for transformation.展开更多
Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance to...Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance tomography enables real-time monitoring of changes in cerebral blood perfusion within the ischemic brain,but investigating the feasibility of using this method to assess post-stroke rehabilitation in vivo remains critical.In this study,ischemic stroke was induced in rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery.Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation was used to treat the rat model of ischemia,and electrical impedance tomography was used to measure impedance during both the acute stage of ischemia and the rehabilitation stage following the stimulation.Electrical impedance tomography results indicated that cerebral impedance increased after the onset of ischemia and decreased following transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation.Furthermore,the stimulation promoted motor function recovery,reduced cerebral infarction volume in the rat model of ischemic stroke,and induced the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ischemic brain.Our results also revealed a significant correlation between the impedance of the ischemic brain post-intervention and improvements in behavioral scores and infarct volume.This study shows that daily administration of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation for 20 minutes to the ischemic hemisphere 24 hours after cerebral ischemia enhanced motor recovery in a rat model of ischemia.Additionally,our findings indicate that electrical impedance tomography can serve as a valuable tool for quantitatively evaluating rehabilitation after ischemic stroke in vivo.These findings suggest the feasibility of using impedance data collected via electrical impedance tomography to clinically assess the effects of rehabilitatory interventions for patients with ischemic stroke.展开更多
Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction leading to fluctuating skeletal muscle fatigability. The majority of myasthenia gravis patients have detectable antibodies in ...Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction leading to fluctuating skeletal muscle fatigability. The majority of myasthenia gravis patients have detectable antibodies in their serum, targeting acetylcholine receptor, muscle-specific kinase, or related proteins. Current treatment for myasthenia gravis involves symptomatic therapy, immunosuppressive drugs such as corticosteroids, azathioprine, and mycophenolate mofetil, and thymectomy, which is primarily indicated in patients with thymoma or thymic hyperplasia. However, this condition continues to pose significant challenges including an unpredictable and variable disease progression, differing response to individual therapies, and substantial longterm side effects associated with standard treatments(including an increased risk of infections, osteoporosis, and diabetes), underscoring the necessity for a more personalized approach to treatment. Furthermore, about fifteen percent of patients, called “refractory myasthenia gravis patients”, do not respond adequately to standard therapies. In this context, the introduction of molecular therapies has marked a significant advance in myasthenia gravis management. Advances in understanding myasthenia gravis pathogenesis, especially the role of pathogenic antibodies, have driven the development of these biological drugs, which offer more selective, rapid, and safer alternatives to traditional immunosuppressants. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of emerging therapeutic strategies targeting specific immune pathways in myasthenia gravis, with a particular focus on preclinical evidence, therapeutic rationale, and clinical translation of B-cell depletion therapies, neonatal Fc receptor inhibitors, and complement inhibitors.展开更多
The purpose of this article is to discuss the proper method for Chinese digital animation character design on the foundation of certain cultural elements. The method used in this study is known as comparative analysis...The purpose of this article is to discuss the proper method for Chinese digital animation character design on the foundation of certain cultural elements. The method used in this study is known as comparative analysis of Disney and Japanese animation styles in action, appearance, facial expression and voice design. These dynamic factors are the best carrier of the animation spirit and native culture, so it is important to take the dynamic factors into account when producing the digital animation, and it will be an excellent starting point to innovate Chinese digital animation.展开更多
文摘Mastering anatomic structures of acupoints is of active significance for avoiding blindly needling and preventing accidents of acupuncture and moxibustion. This multimedia animation system of acupoint anatomy adopts Flash software as developing tool and can dynamically display anatomic layers of needle insertion, with objectivity, convenient operation and English-Chinese control,higher reliability, easy to study and master anatomic knowledge of acupoint anatomy, increase teaching efficiency, and richen teaching ways. This system can be used as a teaching tool of acupuncture and moxibustion, a software of studying anatomy of acupoints and an adjuvant tool of medical workers in studying anatomy.
文摘By using computer multimedia and database technology to build the animation appreciation auxiliary system (AACAS), we classify the classical animation works according to types, categorize the appreciation main points and define the attribute, and input the corresponding information into the relevant database in real time so as to realize the logical connection of massive animation resources, and make appreciation information be able to realize free storage, rapid retrieval and easy for calling. In addition, the horizontal comparison of multiple works and the vertical comparison of the same work can be realized. This will significantly change the past inefficient situation of animation appreciation under a single thread, greatly improve the timeliness of the appreciation.
文摘According to the development of discipline and teaching situation of computer graphics, computer graphics analysis in thecurriculum system, the reform of teaching contents and teaching methods, improve students＇ computer graphics theory teaching and practiceteaching effects by using limited time, adapt to the social demand for graphics software R ＆ D personnel. Motion design and production are ofgreat importance to film and television animation. This article mainly elaborates the present situation, the characteristic and the master method ofthe movie animation movement design and manufacture. Including the animation, motion animation design and production of organized, plannedproduction features that emphasize the characteristics of movement, exaggeration, force and rhythm, this paper presents the common problemsand solutions in the animation language, and the main differences between the animation design and performance in different forms of animation.Through the animation design and expression of the past and present situation analysis, looking forward to the future animation art movementdesign development. Aesthetic lens performance is the artistic pursuit of many film and television creators. Animation, as a highly hypotheticalart form, which is one of the distinctive artistic features of film and television animation, which is based on the limitation of the camera and is fullof expressive lenses.
文摘This paper is on the construction of animation education system based on the interactive teaching pattern. In brief, the animation industry is a sunrise industry, for promotes our country animation industry fast healthy development, the university should further consummate the education directive, the attention enhances the student to synthesize the quality, takes student＇ s innovation ability and the practice ability raise, the enhancement and the enterprise cooperation. In the process of positioning the cartoon talent should be based on the basic needs of the animation industry employment, the establishment of the basic skills of talent training objectives, in order to make talent positioning and industry needs closer. In the future, we will apply the proposed method in the general teaching activities to enhance the overall performance.
文摘The animation industry is a comprehensive art, and the development is very rapid in recent years, and many excellent domestic animation works are moved on the screen, winning support among the people. Looking to the future, the animation industry has a very great development potential. The animation major is considered as an emerging major in some colleges, and its teaching methods are still in the exploring stage. And the emerging industry has a great demand for animation talent, thus, the teaching methods of animation major need to be reformed to adapt to the constant market demand. This paper proposes an integrated teaching system of animation to solve the contradiction between market demand and traditional animation teaching mode, making analysis and researches of the kind of integrated teaching system, which is briefly described.
文摘In this paper, we conduct research on curriculum system construction plan for animation design and production of specialty in high vocational colleges. With the development of animation industry in our country, the existing higher vocational anime education already cannot satisfy the needs of the enterprises. Anime professional teaching reform is imminent. This article stands on the basis of existing animation specialty teaching reform, the analysis summarizes common problems, and proposes the corresponding solution hope to make their efforts to the development of animation education. We insist on teachers in the teaching process, and in the case of the classroom into more comprehensive knowledge, to improve the students＇ technology at the same time, more to improve students＇ comprehensive qualities to look for the better education performance.
基金Deputy for Research and Technology,Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences,Grant/Award Number:4030031。
文摘Background:Due to the widespread use of cell phone devices today,numerous re-search studies have focused on the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation on human neuropsychological and reproductive systems.In most studies,oxidative stress has been identified as the primary pathophysiological mechanism underlying the harmful effects of electromagnetic waves.This paper aims to provide a holistic review of the protective effects of melatonin against cell phone-induced electromag-netic waves on various organs.Methods:This study is a systematic review of articles chosen by searching Google Scholar,PubMed,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science,and Science Direct using the key-words‘melatonin’,‘cell phone radiation’,and‘animal model’.The search focused on articles written in English,which were reviewed and evaluated.The PRISMA process was used to review the articles chosen for the study,and the JBI checklist was used to check the quality of the reviewed articles.Results:In the final review of 11 valid quality-checked articles,the effects of me-latonin in the intervention group,the effects of electromagnetic waves in the case group,and the amount of melatonin in the chosen organ,i.e.brain,skin,eyes,testis and the kidney were thoroughly examined.The review showed that electromagnetic waves increase cellular anti-oxidative activity in different tissues such as the brain,the skin,the eyes,the testis,and the kidneys.Melatonin can considerably augment the anti-oxidative system of cells and protect tissues;these measurements were sig-nificantly increased in control groups.Electromagnetic waves can induce tissue atro-phy and cell death in various organs including the brain and the skin and this effect was highly decreased by melatonin.Conclusion:Our review confirms that melatonin effectively protects the organs of an-imal models against electromagnetic waves.In light of this conclusion and the current world-wide use of melatonin,future studies should advance to the stages of human clinical trials.We also recommend that more research in the field of melatonin physi-ology is conducted in order to protect exposed cells from dying and that melatonin should be considered as a pharmaceutical option for treating the complications result-ing from electromagnetic waves in humans.
文摘The 15th China International Animation Copyright Fair concluded successfully at the ACTIF Center in Shipai Town,Dongguan City,also known as the'"Capital of Art Toys in China.n Over 600 Chinese and foreign enterprises and institutions participated in the event,which featured over 2,000 film and animation IPs from more than 40 countries and regions.
基金supported by the Teaching Reform Research Project of Shaanxi University of Science&Technology(23Y083)the Project of National University Association for Mathematical Methods in Physics(JZW-23-SL-02)+3 种基金the Graduate Course Construction Project of Shaanxi University of Science&Technology(KC2024Y03)the 2024 National Higher Education University Physics Reform Research Project(2024PR064)the Teaching Reform Research Project of the International Office of Shaanxi University of Science&Technology(YB202410)Graduate Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Shaanxi University of Science&Technology(JG2025Y18).
文摘With the development of educational digitalization,how to effectively apply digital animation technology to traditional classroom teaching has become an urgent problem to be solved.This study explores the application of Manim in the course of Mathematical Methods for Physics.Taking the visualization of Fourier series,complex numbers,and other content as examples,it improves students’understanding of complex and abstract mathematical physics concepts through dynamic and visual teaching methods.The teaching effect shows that Manim helps to enhance students’learning experience,improve teaching efficiency and effectiveness,and has a positive impact on students’active learning ability.The research in this paper can provide references and inspiration for the educational digitalization of higher education.
文摘Robust preclinical models of transgender male(TGM) gender-affirming hormone therapy(GAHT) can inform clinicians of the isolated effects of GAHT;however existing models vary significantly in approach. We aimed to assess existing methodology and how it influences circulating sex-hormone levels in rodent models of TGM GAHT to provide recommendations of best practise. Pub Med, Embase, and Scopus databases were systematically searched for studies that investigated GAHT in rodent models and were published from inception to the 1st of August 2024. Study characteristics and methodology were extracted and compared. Post-intervention circulating sex hormone concentrations were the primary outcome used to determine whether successful gender affirming hormone therapy had been achieved. Sixteen experimental rodent studies were included. Studies were performed on mice( n = 11) and rats( n = 5). Subcutaneous(SC) pellets and SC silastic implants were featured in some studies but weekly SC injections of testosterone enanthate was the preferred method. Sesame oil was the preferred solvent for injected testosterone formulations. Weekly doses of ~ 450 μg(mice) and ~ 420–900 μg(rats) consistently induced the testosterone levels of the male counterpart. Similarly, 10 mg of unesterified testosterone in a SC silastic implant in mice or 10 mg/100 g in rats were also successful methods. Most studies administered hormones for 6–8 weeks before performing post-treatment assessments. This review demonstrates that methods largely varied across studies and successfully identifies the effective methodological approaches that improve the reproducibility and accuracy of preclinical models. Representing an integral step forward to bridging gaps in preclinical transgender healthcare research.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA26050301-02)。
文摘The global rise in animal protein consumption has significantly amplified the demand for fodder.A comprehensive understanding of the diversity and characteristics of existing fodder resources is essential for balanced nutritional fodder production.This study investigates the diversity and composition of fodder plants and identifies key species for cattle in Zhaotong City,Yunnan,China,while documenting indigenous knowledge on their usage and selection criteria.Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted in 19 villages across seven townships with 140 informants.Data were collected through semi-structured interviews,free listing,and participatory observation,and analyzed using Relative Frequency Citation.A total of 125 taxa(including 106 wild and 19 cultivated)were reported.The most cited family is Poaceae(27 taxa,21.43%),followed by Asteraceae(17 taxa,13.49%),Fabaceae(14 taxa,11.11%),Polygonaceae(9 taxa,7.14%)and Lamiaceae(4 taxa,3.17%).The whole plant(66.04%)and herbaceous plants(84.80%)were the most used parts and life forms.The most cited species were Zea mays,Brassica rapa,Solanum tuberosum,Eragrostis nigra,and Artemisia dubia.Usage of diverse fodder resources reflects local wisdom in managing resource availability and achieving balanced nutrition while coping with environmental and climatic risks.Preferences for certain taxonomic groups are due to their quality as premier fodder resources.To promote integrated crop-livestock farming,we suggest further research into highly preferred fodder species,focusing on nutritional assessment,digestibility,meat quality impacts,and potential as antibiotic alternatives.Establishing germplasm and gene banks for fodder resources is also recommended.
基金Supported by the 2024 General Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education-Special Project for Reform of Professional Degree Graduate Training Mode,No.Y202456174“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R and D Program of Zhejiang,No.2023C03050.
文摘BACKGROUND Lifestyle factors are closely associated with the onset and progression of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Studies have demonstrated the positive effects of exercise on clinical outcomes and quality of life in individuals with IBD.Despite the well-documented role of exercise in improving IBD outcomes,the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.AIM To compare the efficacy of different exercise modalities and explore their potential physiological mechanisms in rodent models of colitis.METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search of five databases from inception to September 24,2024,which yielded 19 animal studies in rodent colitis models.We compared the efficacy of various forms of exercise and explored the possible physiological mechanisms.The effects of different exercise modalities,namely forced treadmill running(FTR),voluntary wheel running(VWR),swimming,climbing,and jumping,on both macroscopic symptoms(e.g.,body weight,disease activity,and colon length)and microscopic parameters(e.g.,histopathology,immune markers,oxidative/antioxidant balance,and gut microbiota)in colitis models were compared.RESULTS VWR(simulated recreational physical activity),swimming(aerobic exercise),and strength training(climbing and jumping)consistently promoted overall health in animal colitis models.However,evidence for FTR remains inconsistent,with a notable number of studies suggesting potential exacerbation of colitis symptoms,possibly due to stress or fatigue resulting from its coercive nature.Overall,various exercise(e.g.,VWR,swimming,strength training)ameliorates colitis symptoms possibly by suppressing immune hyperactivation,enhancing antioxidant defenses,and modulating gut microbiota composition.In contrast,FTR was inconsistent,with several studies indicating a potential exacerbation of colitis symptoms,possibly due to stress or fatigue induced by its coercive nature.CONCLUSION Exercise modality is critical in influencing colitis outcomes,with voluntary and low-stress forms generally being beneficial,while forced exercise may yield adverse effects.These findings highlight the importance of exercise type and individual tolerance in designing therapeutic exercise interventions for IBD.Further research is warranted to establish a robust therapeutic framework for exercise-based interventions in IBD management.
基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.18441900500)。
文摘Soft fiberoptic choledochoscope is an important tool for the diagnose and surgical treatment of biliary disease.However,the traditional soft fiberoptic choledochoscope is hard to operate,due to the low position accuracy.Based on the conventional soft fiberoptic choledochoscope,an electrical soft fiberoptic choledochoscope robot with a low latency was developed.In order to improve the controllability of the conventional choledochoscope,the wire traction mechanism and the rotation mechanism are used to bend and rotate the scope,so as to control its movement orientation.The dead band compensation model and control algorithm of the wire traction mechanism are developed to improve the accuracy of the orientation control.The human-computer interaction system and complex motion control system are developed based on ARM embedded system and FPGA.Thanks to the high-speed synchronization channel between FPGA and peripheral,the design of low latency whole-procedure surgical mode was established and verified.Combined with a micro image sensor,real-time video back transmission was realized.The performance of the robot prototype was verified by animal experiment in vivo on a pig.The robot has an extremely low operating latency of no more than 0.402 ms,and a high bending positioning accuracy of±1.43°error margin within 99.7%confidence interval,which guarantees the safety of biliary surgery.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province,No.202401AS070086(to ZW)the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2018YFA0801403(to ZW)+1 种基金Yunnan Science and Technology Talent and Platform Plan,No.202105AC160041(to ZW)the Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31960120(to ZW)。
文摘Traumatic brain injury can be categorized into primary and secondary injuries.Secondary injuries are the main cause of disability following traumatic brain injury,which involves a complex multicellular cascade.Microglia play an important role in secondary injury and can be activated in response to traumatic brain injury.In this article,we review the origin and classification of microglia as well as the dynamic changes of microglia in traumatic brain injury.We also clarify the microglial polarization pathways and the therapeutic drugs targeting activated microglia.We found that regulating the signaling pathways involved in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory microglia,such as the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B,mitogen-activated protein kinase,Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B,Notch,and high mobility group box 1 pathways,can alleviate the inflammatory response triggered by microglia in traumatic brain injury,thereby exerting neuroprotective effects.We also reviewed the strategies developed on the basis of these pathways,such as drug and cell replacement therapies.Drugs that modulate inflammatory factors,such as rosuvastatin,have been shown to promote the polarization of antiinflammatory microglia and reduce the inflammatory response caused by traumatic brain injury.Mesenchymal stem cells possess anti-inflammatory properties,and clinical studies have confirmed their significant efficacy and safety in patients with traumatic brain injury.Additionally,advancements in mesenchymal stem cell-delivery methods—such as combinations of novel biomaterials,genetic engineering,and mesenchymal stem cell exosome therapy—have greatly enhanced the efficiency and therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells in animal models.However,numerous challenges in the application of drug and mesenchymal stem cell treatment strategies remain to be addressed.In the future,new technologies,such as single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis,can facilitate further experimental studies.Moreover,research involving non-human primates can help translate these treatment strategies to clinical practice.
文摘Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.
基金Supported by the National Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Spleen and Stomach Diseases),No.0500004National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82205104 and No.82104850+1 种基金Hospital Capability Enhancement Project of Xiyuan Hospital,CACMS,No.XYZX0303-07the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes,Excellent Young Scientists Training Program of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,No.ZZ16-YQ-002.
文摘BACKGROUND Non-erosive reflux disease(NERD),the main gastroesophageal reflux subtype,features reflux symptoms without mucosal damage.Anxiety links to visceral hypersensitivity in NERD,yet mechanisms and animal models are unclear.AIM To establish a translational NERD rat model with anxiety comorbidity via tail clamping and study corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)-mediated neuroimmune pathways in visceral hypersensitivity and esophageal injury.METHODS Sprague-Dawley(SD)and Wistar rats were grouped into sham,model,and modified groups(n=10 each).The treatments for the modified groups were as follows:SD rats received ovalbumin/aluminum hydroxide suspension+acid perfusion±tail clamping(40 minutes/day for 7 days),while Wistar rats received fructose water+tail clamping.Esophageal pathology,visceral sensitivity,and behavior were assessed.Serum CRH,calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and mast cell tryptase(MCT)and central amygdala(CeA)CRH mRNA were measured via ELISA and qRT-PCR.RESULTS Tail clamping induced anxiety,worsening visceral hypersensitivity(lower abdominal withdrawal reflex thresholds,P<0.05)and esophageal injury(dilated intercellular spaces and mitochondrial edema).Both models showed raised serum CRH,CGRP,5-HT,and MCT(P<0.01)and CeA CRH mRNA expression(P<0.01).Behavioral tests confirmed anxiety-like phenotypes.NERD-anxiety rats showed clinical-like symptom severity without erosion.CONCLUSION Tail clamping induces anxiety in NERD models,worsening visceral hypersensitivity via CRH neuroimmune dysregulation,offering a translational model and highlighting CRH as a treatment target.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,No.CSTB2023NSCQ-mSX0561(to WL).
文摘Effective treatment methods for stroke,a common cerebrovascular disease with a high mortality rate,are still being sought.Exosome therapy,a form of acellular therapy,has demonstrated promising efficacy in various diseases in animal models;however,there is currently insufficient evidence to guide the clinical application of exosome in patients with stroke.This article reviews the progress of exosome applications in stroke treatment.It aims to elucidate the significant potential value of exosomes in stroke therapy and provide a reference for their clinical translation.At present,many studies on exosome-based therapies for stroke are actively underway.Regarding preclinical research,exosomes,as bioactive substances with diverse sources,currently favor stem cells as their origin.Due to their high plasticity,exosomes can be effectively modified through various physical,chemical,and genetic engineering methods to enhance their efficacy.In animal models of stroke,exosome therapy can reduce neuroinflammatory responses,alleviate oxidative stress damage,and inhibit programmed cell death.Additionally,exosomes can promote angiogenesis,repair and regenerate damaged white matter fiber bundles,and facilitate the migration and differentiation of neural stem cells,aiding the repair process.We also summarize new directions for the application of exosomes,specifically the exosome intervention through the ventricular-meningeal lymphatic system.The review findings suggest that the treatment paradigm for stroke is poised for transformation.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Nos.G2021KY05107,G2021KY05101the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32071316,32211530049+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,No.2022-JM482the Education and Teaching Reform Funds for the Central Universities,No.23GZ230102(all to LL and HH).
文摘Although previous studies have demonstrated that transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation protects the ischemic brain,clear criteria for the stimulation time window and intensity are lacking.Electrical impedance tomography enables real-time monitoring of changes in cerebral blood perfusion within the ischemic brain,but investigating the feasibility of using this method to assess post-stroke rehabilitation in vivo remains critical.In this study,ischemic stroke was induced in rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery.Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation was used to treat the rat model of ischemia,and electrical impedance tomography was used to measure impedance during both the acute stage of ischemia and the rehabilitation stage following the stimulation.Electrical impedance tomography results indicated that cerebral impedance increased after the onset of ischemia and decreased following transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation.Furthermore,the stimulation promoted motor function recovery,reduced cerebral infarction volume in the rat model of ischemic stroke,and induced the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ischemic brain.Our results also revealed a significant correlation between the impedance of the ischemic brain post-intervention and improvements in behavioral scores and infarct volume.This study shows that daily administration of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation for 20 minutes to the ischemic hemisphere 24 hours after cerebral ischemia enhanced motor recovery in a rat model of ischemia.Additionally,our findings indicate that electrical impedance tomography can serve as a valuable tool for quantitatively evaluating rehabilitation after ischemic stroke in vivo.These findings suggest the feasibility of using impedance data collected via electrical impedance tomography to clinically assess the effects of rehabilitatory interventions for patients with ischemic stroke.
文摘Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction leading to fluctuating skeletal muscle fatigability. The majority of myasthenia gravis patients have detectable antibodies in their serum, targeting acetylcholine receptor, muscle-specific kinase, or related proteins. Current treatment for myasthenia gravis involves symptomatic therapy, immunosuppressive drugs such as corticosteroids, azathioprine, and mycophenolate mofetil, and thymectomy, which is primarily indicated in patients with thymoma or thymic hyperplasia. However, this condition continues to pose significant challenges including an unpredictable and variable disease progression, differing response to individual therapies, and substantial longterm side effects associated with standard treatments(including an increased risk of infections, osteoporosis, and diabetes), underscoring the necessity for a more personalized approach to treatment. Furthermore, about fifteen percent of patients, called “refractory myasthenia gravis patients”, do not respond adequately to standard therapies. In this context, the introduction of molecular therapies has marked a significant advance in myasthenia gravis management. Advances in understanding myasthenia gravis pathogenesis, especially the role of pathogenic antibodies, have driven the development of these biological drugs, which offer more selective, rapid, and safer alternatives to traditional immunosuppressants. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of emerging therapeutic strategies targeting specific immune pathways in myasthenia gravis, with a particular focus on preclinical evidence, therapeutic rationale, and clinical translation of B-cell depletion therapies, neonatal Fc receptor inhibitors, and complement inhibitors.
文摘The purpose of this article is to discuss the proper method for Chinese digital animation character design on the foundation of certain cultural elements. The method used in this study is known as comparative analysis of Disney and Japanese animation styles in action, appearance, facial expression and voice design. These dynamic factors are the best carrier of the animation spirit and native culture, so it is important to take the dynamic factors into account when producing the digital animation, and it will be an excellent starting point to innovate Chinese digital animation.
