In order to save manpower and time costs,and to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products,this study used multiple nucleotide polymorphism(MNP)marker technology bas...In order to save manpower and time costs,and to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products,this study used multiple nucleotide polymorphism(MNP)marker technology based on the principle of high-throughput sequencing,and established a multi-locus 10 animalderived components identification method of cattle,goat,sheep,donkey,horse,chicken,duck,goose,pigeon,quail in meat and meat products.The specific loci of each species could be detected and the species could be accurately identified,including 5 loci for cattle and duck,3 loci for sheep,9 loci for chicken and horse,10 loci for goose and pigeon,6 loci for quail and 1 locus for donkey and goat,and an adulteration model was established to simulate commercially available samples.The results showed that the method established in this study had high throughput,good repeatability and accuracy,and was able to identify 10 animalderived components simultaneously with 100%repeatability accuracy.The detection limit was 0.1%(m/m)in simulated samples of chicken,duck and horse.Using the method established in this study to test commercially available samples,4 samples from 14 commercially available samples were detected to be inconsistent with the labels,of which 2 did not contain the target ingredient and 2 were adulterated with small amounts of other ingredients.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to improve the purification agent combination conditions for QuEChERS and establish a method for detecting the residues of 18 fungicides in animal-derived foods(fish,pork,milk,eggs...[Objectives]This study was conducted to improve the purification agent combination conditions for QuEChERS and establish a method for detecting the residues of 18 fungicides in animal-derived foods(fish,pork,milk,eggs,and pork liver)using high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry.[Methods]The samples were extracted with acetonitrile,purified with 885 mg of magnesium sulfate,150 mg of PSA(ethylenediamine-N-propylsilane silica gel),and 15 mg of GCB(graphitized carbon black),and analyzed using ACQUITY UPLC BEH C 18 as the chromatographic column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1%formic acid aqueous solution.[Results]The 18 fungicides showed good linearity in the range of 5.00–200.00μg/L,with correlation coefficients(R^(2))greater than 0.991.The limit of quantification(LOQ)was 0.01 mg/kg.The average recoveries ranged from 63.7%to 117.5%,and the relative standard deviations(RSDs)were between 0.22%and 6.33%.[Conclusions]This method is simple,rapid,and highly accurate,and provides technical reference for the detection and risk assessment of fungicides in animal-derived foods.展开更多
BACKGROUND Extrahepatic biliary duct injury(BDI)remains a complicated issue for surgeons.Although several approaches have been explored to address this problem,the high incidence of complications affects postoperative...BACKGROUND Extrahepatic biliary duct injury(BDI)remains a complicated issue for surgeons.Although several approaches have been explored to address this problem,the high incidence of complications affects postoperative recovery.As a nonimmunogenic scaffold,an animal-derived artificial bile duct(ada-BD)could replace the defect,providing good physiological conditions for the regeneration of autologous bile duct structures without changing the original anatomical and physiologic conditions.AIM To evaluate the long-term feasibility of a novel heterogenous ada-BD for treating extrahepatic BDI in pigs.METHODS Eight pigs were randomly divided into two groups in the study.The animal injury model was developed with an approximately 2 cm segmental defect of various parts of the common bile duct(CBD)for all pigs.A 2 cm long novel heterogenous animal-derived bile duct was used to repair this segmental defect(group A,ada-BD-to-duodenum anastomosis to repair the distal CBD defect;group B,ada-BD-to-CBD anastomosis to repair the intermedial CBD defect).The endpoint for observation was 6 mo(group A)and 12 mo(group B)after the operation.Liver function was regularly tested.Animals were euthanized at the above endpoints.Histological analysis was carried out to assess the efficacy of the repair.RESULTS The median operative time was 2.45 h(2-3 h),with a median anastomosis time of 60.5 min(55-73 min).All experimental animals survived until the endpoints for observation.The liver function was almost regular.Histologic analysis indicated a marked biliary epithelial layer covering the neo-bile duct and regeneration of the submucosal connective tissue and smooth muscle without significant signs of immune rejection.In comparison,the submucosal connective tissue was more regular and thicker in group B than in group A,and there was superior integrity of the regeneration of the biliary epithelial layer.Despite the advantages of the regeneration of the bile duct smooth muscle observed in group A,the effect on the patency of the ada-BD grafts in group B was not confirmed by macroscopic assessment and cholangiography.CONCLUSION This approach appears to be feasible for repairing a CBD defect with an ada-BD.A large sample study is needed to confirm the durability and safety of these preliminary results.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish a rapid and effective method for simultaneous extraction of 54 kinds of veterinary drug residues in animal-derived food, including sulfonamides, quinolones, tetracycli...[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish a rapid and effective method for simultaneous extraction of 54 kinds of veterinary drug residues in animal-derived food, including sulfonamides, quinolones, tetracyclines, malachite greens, penicillins, nitroimidazoles, tranquilizers and macrolides, by HPLC-MS. [Methods] The samples were extracted with 80% acetonitrile water(containing 0.1% formic acid), combined with QuEChERS extraction technology and C18 and PSA purification, analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and quantified by external standard method. The target substances were analyzed on ZORBAX Eclipse C18 chromatographic column using 0.2% formic acid water and 0.2% methanol as mobile phases. The gradient elution mode was used for chromatographic separation and multiple reaction detection. [Results] In the linear range of 0.5-50.0 ng/ml, the linear relationship of the 54 kinds of veterinary drug residues was good, with correlation coefficients(r~2) greater than 0.995, and the detection limits ranged from 0.30 to 1.00 μg/kg. The results showed that the recovery ranged from 75.4% to 118.2% when different matrixes were added for recovery. [Conclusions] This method is simple, efficient, accurate, stable, and highly operable. It is applicable to simultaneous batch screening of veterinary drug residues in animal-derived food, and has high practical application value.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the rapid extraction of sodium pentachlorophenoxide from animal-derived food.[Methods]The ...[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the rapid extraction of sodium pentachlorophenoxide from animal-derived food.[Methods]The samples were extracted with an acetonitrile water solution(8∶2),0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid and a purification extraction bag with shaking.Centrifugation was performed to obtain supernatants,which were added to purification tubes containing PSA and C_(18) for purification,and then filtered with membranes for determination.Each test solution was separated by a ZORBAX Eclipse plus C_(18) column with acetonitrile and 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate as mobile phases,and determined with electrospray ionization and multiple reaction monitoring.[Results]The method had good linearity in the concentration range of 1.0-50 ng/ml,and the correlation coefficient was 0.9997.The limit of detection was 0.25μg/kg and the limit of quantification was 0.75μg/kg.The recovery was between 87.4%and 112.5%,and the RSD%was between 0.5%and 10.0%.[Conclusions]The method has simple operation and high sensitivity,and is suitable for trace detection of sodium pentachlorophenoxide in large quantities of animal-derived food.展开更多
This paper takes the imports of animal-derived food as the example,and uses the 6-digit-code HS data of the CEPII BACI database ranging from 2002 to 2018 in an extended gravity model to study the impact of the sanitar...This paper takes the imports of animal-derived food as the example,and uses the 6-digit-code HS data of the CEPII BACI database ranging from 2002 to 2018 in an extended gravity model to study the impact of the sanitary and phytosanitary(SPS)measures implemented in China on the import trade and trade margins of animal-derived food.The results show that(1)China’s SPS measures have not significantly restricted the import trade of animal-derived food but rather enhanced import trade by alleviating negative externalities and information asymmetry;(2)SPS measures have positive effects on the extensive,price,and quantity margins for developed countries;while(3)SPS measures have negative effects on the quantity margin for developing countries.Thus,China’s SPS measures have not yet constituted a trade restriction.展开更多
[Objective]The research aimed to establish a liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry for detecting residues of diclazuril,toltrazuril and its metabolites in animal-derived food.[Method]The samples were...[Objective]The research aimed to establish a liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry for detecting residues of diclazuril,toltrazuril and its metabolites in animal-derived food.[Method]The samples were pre-treated by QuEChERS technology and detected by Exactive liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry.The liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry for detecting the residues of diclazuril,toltrazuril,toltrazuril sulfone and toltrazuril sulfoxide in animal-derived food was established.[Result]Diclazuril,toltrazuril,toltrazuril sulfone and toltrazuril sulfoxide showed a good linear correlation in the range of 2.0-50.0μg/L（r^2〉0.99）.The average recoveries of these four compounds in bovine power at the spiked levels of 2,10 and 20μg/kg were 74.5%-90.1%,and the relative standard deviations（RSD）were 15.4%-17.5%.[Conclusion]This method was stable and reliable,and could be used to detect diclazuril,toltrazuril,toltrazuril sulfone and toltrazuril sulfoxide in animal-derived food.展开更多
Choosing animal-derived regenerative implantable medical devices based on tissue engineering technology as a research theme, this paper presents bibliometric analysis of relative literature from the mainland of China ...Choosing animal-derived regenerative implantable medical devices based on tissue engineering technology as a research theme, this paper presents bibliometric analysis of relative literature from the mainland of China to understand such data as publication year and journal preference, authors＇ geographic location, research topics and core expertise to predict the research trends and provide an informed basis of decision making for researchers and clinicians.展开更多
Glutaraldehyde(GA)is an important additive that is mainly used in animal-derived biomaterials to improve their mechanical and antimicrobial capacities.However,GA chemical toxicity and the metabolic mechanism remain re...Glutaraldehyde(GA)is an important additive that is mainly used in animal-derived biomaterials to improve their mechanical and antimicrobial capacities.However,GA chemical toxicity and the metabolic mechanism remain relatively unknown.Therefore,residual GA has always been a major health risk consideration for animal-derived medical devices.In this study,extracts of three biopatches were tested via the GA determination test and mouse lymphoma assay(MLA).The results showed that dissolved GA was a potential mutagen,which could induce significant cytotoxic and mutagenic effects in mouse lymphoma cells.These toxic reactions were relieved by the S9 metabolic activation(MA)system.Furthermore,we confirmed that GA concentration decreased and glutaric acid was generated during the catalytic process.We revealed GA could be oxidized via cytochrome P450 which was the main metabolic factor of S9.We found that even though GA was possibly responsible for positive reactions of animal-derived biomaterials’biocompatibility evaluation,it may not represent the real situation occurring in human bodies,owing to the presence of various detoxification mechanisms including the S9 system.Overall,in order to achieve a general balance between risk management and practical application,rational decisions based on comprehensive analyses must be considered.展开更多
Animal derived materials have been widely used in biomedical products owing to their good biocompatibility and appropriate mechanical properties.It is crucial to evaluate the immunotoxicity of such materials in precli...Animal derived materials have been widely used in biomedical products owing to their good biocompatibility and appropriate mechanical properties.It is crucial to evaluate the immunotoxicity of such materials in preclinical testing to prevent severe immune responses in patients.In this study,a pipeline of immunotoxicity tests was established to evaluate animal-derived materials before de-cellularization and final products.This pipeline contains a serial of animal tests on BALB/c mice and an in vitro quantification test for a-Gal antigen.It is wellrecognized that the interaction between materials and patients profoundly alters immune responses,thus,a comprehensive dataset including body weight,immune organ coefficient,histopathology,peripheral hematology,serum immunoglobulin level,spleen lymphocyte proliferation rate,and their subpopulation was created and analyzed using the SPSS tool.These results clearly suggested that the de-cellularized materials possessed better biocompatibility,in addition,the a-Gal antigen content was effectively decreased by 96.0%after decellularization.Thus,this study confirmed that this multi-step enzymatic de-cellularization treatment is a potent method to reduce the immunotoxicity of animal-derived biomaterials.Moreover,the experimental pipeline will likely be transferable to other biomedical materials and products.展开更多
This paper presents a comprehensive account of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from various sources, including animal, plant, and microbial origins, along with an examination of their structural characteristics ...This paper presents a comprehensive account of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from various sources, including animal, plant, and microbial origins, along with an examination of their structural characteristics and biological activities. Specifically, the potential of Bacillus subtilis as a safe and effective host for the production of AMPs is discussed. B. subtilis exhibits a notable capacity for protein secretion and is also capable of efficiently producing AMPs without the presence of endotoxin contamination. The research indicates that the production efficiency of AMPs derived from B. subtilis can be significantly enhanced through the application of genetic engineering and synthetic biology techniques. This advancement holds considerable potential for applications in food preservation, agriculture, medicine, and various other fields. The paper additionally investigates the stability of AMPs under diverse conditions of temperature, pH, and enzymatic treatment, and highlights the necessity for further research to facilitate the advancement of these AMPs for practical applications.展开更多
Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals.Based on the source,collagen can be categorized into human and non-human-derived collagen,while the recombinant collagen is divided into recombinant human collagen,reco...Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals.Based on the source,collagen can be categorized into human and non-human-derived collagen,while the recombinant collagen is divided into recombinant human collagen,recombinant humanized collagen,and recombinant collagen-like protein.In cosmetics or beauty products,collagen serves as an active ingredient in the care and beautification of face,body and hair.With advancements in science and technology,recombinant collagen is gaining more attention in the cosmetics industry.More specifically,recombinant collagen demonstrates excellent biocompatibility and cell adhesion.Along with promoting new cell formation and hemostasis,the stronger ability of recombinant collagen to promote epithelial cell growth has attracted attention towards its production based on genetic engineering techniques.Recombinant collagen is produced by genetic engineering or optimizing the gene sequence based on the characteristics and main functional regions of human collagen,using various host cells from,for example,transgenic mice,insects,transgenic silkworms,transgenic tobacco,E.coli,or yeast.The sources include microbial,animal,or plant recombinant expression systems.To better understand the research status of recombinant collagen,we searched and collated relevant material found in electronic databases,such as PubMed,Web of Science,Google Scholar,Science Direct,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).This article reviews the classification and characterization of recombinant collagen,as well as factors affecting its synthesis,focusing on the classification of recombinant collagen expression systems and the application of recombinant collagen in different cosmetic products,aiming to provide a basal reference source for the future development of recombinant collagen and lay the foundation for further research in the beauty industry.展开更多
Dairy products have become one of the most prevalent daily foods worldwide,but safety concerns are rising.In dairy farming,unscrupulous traders misuse antibiotics to treat some diseases such as mastitis in cows,leadin...Dairy products have become one of the most prevalent daily foods worldwide,but safety concerns are rising.In dairy farming,unscrupulous traders misuse antibiotics to treat some diseases such as mastitis in cows,leading to antibiotic residues in dairy products.Rapid,sensitive,and simple detection methods for antibiotic residues are particularly important for food safety in dairy products.Traditional detection technology can effectively detect antibiotics,but there are defects such as complicated pre-treatment and high cost.Biosensors are widely used in food safety due to fast detection speed,low detection cost,strong anti-interference ability,and suitability for the field application.Nevertheless,these sensors often fail to trigger the signal conversion output due to low target concentration.To cope with this issue,some high-efficiency signal amplification systems can be introduced to improve the detection sensitivity and linear range of biosensors.In this review,we focused on:(i)Sources and toxicity of major antibiotics in animal-derived foods.(ii)Nanomaterial-mediated biosensors for real-time detection of target antibiotics in animal-derived foods.(iii)Signal amplification techniques to increase the sensitivity of biosensors.Finally,future prospects and challenges in this research field are discussed.展开更多
In order to promote the standardization of production and processing of medicinal materials of animal-derivative,on January 15,2024,the China Association of Chinese Medicine approved and released the group standards(T...In order to promote the standardization of production and processing of medicinal materials of animal-derivative,on January 15,2024,the China Association of Chinese Medicine approved and released the group standards(T/CACM 1571.1-2024T/CACM 1571.16-2024).Among them,the“Technical code of practice for production and processing of medicinal materials of animalderivative—General rules”(T/CACM 1571.1-2024)(hereinafter referred to as the“General rules”)serves as the overarching guide for the series of specifications.This article provides a detailed interpretation of the“General rules”in order to facilitate the implementation of“Technical code of practice for production and processing of medicinal materials of animal-derivative”and to advance the standardized production of medicinal materials of animal-derivative.展开更多
Animal-derived traditional Chinese medicines(ATCMs),which are prepared from whole animals,organs,or physiological and pathological products,have gained wide recognition and have become an integral part of traditional ...Animal-derived traditional Chinese medicines(ATCMs),which are prepared from whole animals,organs,or physiological and pathological products,have gained wide recognition and have become an integral part of traditional Chinese medicine in recent years.To provide a comprehensive reference on these agents,we systematically reviewed small-molecule compounds,analytical techniques,and pharmacological activities of ATCMs.Information and research progress regarding ATCMs were collected from scientific journals,Materials Medica,and scientific databases(PubMed,Google Scholar,Science Direct,Web of Science,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure).Various small-molecule compounds,including nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds,steroids,flavonoids,terpenoids,amino acids,and oligopeptides were summarized.Common analytical techniques applied to ATCMs include spectral and chromatographic techniques,of which hyphenated techniques are the most widely used.The primary pharmacological activities of small-molecule compounds in ATCMs include their effects on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems,as well as their anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities.This systematic review provides a comprehensive reference for small-molecule ATCM compounds,analytical techniques,and pharmacological activities.展开更多
To ensure food safety from animal origins and to prevent potential hazards caused by steroid hormones,there is an urgent need to develop a rapid detection method for steroid hormones in foods from animal origins.Three...To ensure food safety from animal origins and to prevent potential hazards caused by steroid hormones,there is an urgent need to develop a rapid detection method for steroid hormones in foods from animal origins.Three highly sensitive monoclonal antibodies(mAb)against testosterone propionate(Tp),stazolol(STA)and estradiol benzoate(EB)were prepared,with IC50 values of 0.13,0.14 and 0.19 ng/mL,respectively.Tp-mAb is a group-selective mAb that simultaneously detects Tp,testosterone(T),methyltestosterone(MT)and testosterone phenylpropionate(TPP),and their IC50 values were 0.13,0.77,0.90,and 1.25 ng/mL,respectively.A novel multiplex lateral flow immunochromatographic strip(ICS)was further prepared,which could simultaneously detect Tp,STA,and EB in chicken and pork samples with limits of quantification(LOQ)of 0.32,0.51,0.35μg/kg and 0.36,0.64,0.43μg/kg,respectively.Based on the broad spectrum of Tp-mAb,ICS has been further developed to detect Tp,T,MT and TPP simultaneously.This multiplex ICS rapid detection method was efficient,sensitive,and fast,for the simultaneous detection of multiple steroid hormones in actual samples.Its detection time is only 40 min,which it represents a favorable monitoring tool for the detection of steroid hormones in animal-derived foods from the marketplace.展开更多
This article analyses and summarizes issues of intellectual property involved in animal-derived regenerative,implantable medical devices(ADRIMD)in order to better understand global trends in patent applications and di...This article analyses and summarizes issues of intellectual property involved in animal-derived regenerative,implantable medical devices(ADRIMD)in order to better understand global trends in patent applications and disclosures,the legal status of patent families(i.e.sets of patents filed in various countries to protect a single invention),and International Patent Classification topics such as main assignee and core expertise.Analysis of research trends will enhance and inform the decision-making capacity of researchers,investors,government regulators and other stake-holders as they undertake to develop,deploy,invest in or regulate ADRIMD.展开更多
Background and Objectives:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become a worldwide public health problem.Current evidence on the association between dietary iron intake and the risk of NAFLD is limited.The prese...Background and Objectives:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become a worldwide public health problem.Current evidence on the association between dietary iron intake and the risk of NAFLD is limited.The present study aimed to investigate the associations of animal-derived dietary iron(ADDI)intake,plant-derived dietary iron(PDDI)intake,and the ratio of PDDI:ADDI with NAFLD risk among U.S.adult population.Methods and Study Design:This was a repeated cross-sectional study.Data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)2007-2018.NAFLD was defined as a United States Fatty Lives Index≥30,and dietary iron intake was assessed through two 24-h dietary recall interviews.Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied to examine the associations between dietary iron intake from different sources and NAFLD risk.Results:A total of 9478 participants aged≥20 years were enrolled in the present study.After adjustment for multiple confounding factors,relative to the lowest quartile,the odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)of NAFLD for the highest quartile was 1.01(95%CI,0.82-1.24)for ADDI intake,0.82(95%CI,0.64-0.99)for PDDI intake,and 1.00(95%CI,0.81-1.24)for the PDDI:ADDI intake ratio.In stratified analysis by sex and age,the significantly negative associations of PDDI intake with NAFLD was observed in women and participants older than 45 years.Dose-response analyses indicated that NAFLD was negatively associated with PDDI intake in a non-linear manner.Conclusions:PDDI intake was negatively associated with NAFLD in U.S.adults.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program(2021YFF0701905)。
文摘In order to save manpower and time costs,and to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products,this study used multiple nucleotide polymorphism(MNP)marker technology based on the principle of high-throughput sequencing,and established a multi-locus 10 animalderived components identification method of cattle,goat,sheep,donkey,horse,chicken,duck,goose,pigeon,quail in meat and meat products.The specific loci of each species could be detected and the species could be accurately identified,including 5 loci for cattle and duck,3 loci for sheep,9 loci for chicken and horse,10 loci for goose and pigeon,6 loci for quail and 1 locus for donkey and goat,and an adulteration model was established to simulate commercially available samples.The results showed that the method established in this study had high throughput,good repeatability and accuracy,and was able to identify 10 animalderived components simultaneously with 100%repeatability accuracy.The detection limit was 0.1%(m/m)in simulated samples of chicken,duck and horse.Using the method established in this study to test commercially available samples,4 samples from 14 commercially available samples were detected to be inconsistent with the labels,of which 2 did not contain the target ingredient and 2 were adulterated with small amounts of other ingredients.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2024JJ8259).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to improve the purification agent combination conditions for QuEChERS and establish a method for detecting the residues of 18 fungicides in animal-derived foods(fish,pork,milk,eggs,and pork liver)using high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry.[Methods]The samples were extracted with acetonitrile,purified with 885 mg of magnesium sulfate,150 mg of PSA(ethylenediamine-N-propylsilane silica gel),and 15 mg of GCB(graphitized carbon black),and analyzed using ACQUITY UPLC BEH C 18 as the chromatographic column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1%formic acid aqueous solution.[Results]The 18 fungicides showed good linearity in the range of 5.00–200.00μg/L,with correlation coefficients(R^(2))greater than 0.991.The limit of quantification(LOQ)was 0.01 mg/kg.The average recoveries ranged from 63.7%to 117.5%,and the relative standard deviations(RSDs)were between 0.22%and 6.33%.[Conclusions]This method is simple,rapid,and highly accurate,and provides technical reference for the detection and risk assessment of fungicides in animal-derived foods.
文摘BACKGROUND Extrahepatic biliary duct injury(BDI)remains a complicated issue for surgeons.Although several approaches have been explored to address this problem,the high incidence of complications affects postoperative recovery.As a nonimmunogenic scaffold,an animal-derived artificial bile duct(ada-BD)could replace the defect,providing good physiological conditions for the regeneration of autologous bile duct structures without changing the original anatomical and physiologic conditions.AIM To evaluate the long-term feasibility of a novel heterogenous ada-BD for treating extrahepatic BDI in pigs.METHODS Eight pigs were randomly divided into two groups in the study.The animal injury model was developed with an approximately 2 cm segmental defect of various parts of the common bile duct(CBD)for all pigs.A 2 cm long novel heterogenous animal-derived bile duct was used to repair this segmental defect(group A,ada-BD-to-duodenum anastomosis to repair the distal CBD defect;group B,ada-BD-to-CBD anastomosis to repair the intermedial CBD defect).The endpoint for observation was 6 mo(group A)and 12 mo(group B)after the operation.Liver function was regularly tested.Animals were euthanized at the above endpoints.Histological analysis was carried out to assess the efficacy of the repair.RESULTS The median operative time was 2.45 h(2-3 h),with a median anastomosis time of 60.5 min(55-73 min).All experimental animals survived until the endpoints for observation.The liver function was almost regular.Histologic analysis indicated a marked biliary epithelial layer covering the neo-bile duct and regeneration of the submucosal connective tissue and smooth muscle without significant signs of immune rejection.In comparison,the submucosal connective tissue was more regular and thicker in group B than in group A,and there was superior integrity of the regeneration of the biliary epithelial layer.Despite the advantages of the regeneration of the bile duct smooth muscle observed in group A,the effect on the patency of the ada-BD grafts in group B was not confirmed by macroscopic assessment and cholangiography.CONCLUSION This approach appears to be feasible for repairing a CBD defect with an ada-BD.A large sample study is needed to confirm the durability and safety of these preliminary results.
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish a rapid and effective method for simultaneous extraction of 54 kinds of veterinary drug residues in animal-derived food, including sulfonamides, quinolones, tetracyclines, malachite greens, penicillins, nitroimidazoles, tranquilizers and macrolides, by HPLC-MS. [Methods] The samples were extracted with 80% acetonitrile water(containing 0.1% formic acid), combined with QuEChERS extraction technology and C18 and PSA purification, analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and quantified by external standard method. The target substances were analyzed on ZORBAX Eclipse C18 chromatographic column using 0.2% formic acid water and 0.2% methanol as mobile phases. The gradient elution mode was used for chromatographic separation and multiple reaction detection. [Results] In the linear range of 0.5-50.0 ng/ml, the linear relationship of the 54 kinds of veterinary drug residues was good, with correlation coefficients(r~2) greater than 0.995, and the detection limits ranged from 0.30 to 1.00 μg/kg. The results showed that the recovery ranged from 75.4% to 118.2% when different matrixes were added for recovery. [Conclusions] This method is simple, efficient, accurate, stable, and highly operable. It is applicable to simultaneous batch screening of veterinary drug residues in animal-derived food, and has high practical application value.
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the rapid extraction of sodium pentachlorophenoxide from animal-derived food.[Methods]The samples were extracted with an acetonitrile water solution(8∶2),0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid and a purification extraction bag with shaking.Centrifugation was performed to obtain supernatants,which were added to purification tubes containing PSA and C_(18) for purification,and then filtered with membranes for determination.Each test solution was separated by a ZORBAX Eclipse plus C_(18) column with acetonitrile and 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate as mobile phases,and determined with electrospray ionization and multiple reaction monitoring.[Results]The method had good linearity in the concentration range of 1.0-50 ng/ml,and the correlation coefficient was 0.9997.The limit of detection was 0.25μg/kg and the limit of quantification was 0.75μg/kg.The recovery was between 87.4%and 112.5%,and the RSD%was between 0.5%and 10.0%.[Conclusions]The method has simple operation and high sensitivity,and is suitable for trace detection of sodium pentachlorophenoxide in large quantities of animal-derived food.
文摘This paper takes the imports of animal-derived food as the example,and uses the 6-digit-code HS data of the CEPII BACI database ranging from 2002 to 2018 in an extended gravity model to study the impact of the sanitary and phytosanitary(SPS)measures implemented in China on the import trade and trade margins of animal-derived food.The results show that(1)China’s SPS measures have not significantly restricted the import trade of animal-derived food but rather enhanced import trade by alleviating negative externalities and information asymmetry;(2)SPS measures have positive effects on the extensive,price,and quantity margins for developed countries;while(3)SPS measures have negative effects on the quantity margin for developing countries.Thus,China’s SPS measures have not yet constituted a trade restriction.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Projects of General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine“Standard Sample Development and Production System Construction of Animal-derived Veterinary Drugs”(20130143)
文摘[Objective]The research aimed to establish a liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry for detecting residues of diclazuril,toltrazuril and its metabolites in animal-derived food.[Method]The samples were pre-treated by QuEChERS technology and detected by Exactive liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry.The liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry for detecting the residues of diclazuril,toltrazuril,toltrazuril sulfone and toltrazuril sulfoxide in animal-derived food was established.[Result]Diclazuril,toltrazuril,toltrazuril sulfone and toltrazuril sulfoxide showed a good linear correlation in the range of 2.0-50.0μg/L（r^2〉0.99）.The average recoveries of these four compounds in bovine power at the spiked levels of 2,10 and 20μg/kg were 74.5%-90.1%,and the relative standard deviations（RSD）were 15.4%-17.5%.[Conclusion]This method was stable and reliable,and could be used to detect diclazuril,toltrazuril,toltrazuril sulfone and toltrazuril sulfoxide in animal-derived food.
文摘Choosing animal-derived regenerative implantable medical devices based on tissue engineering technology as a research theme, this paper presents bibliometric analysis of relative literature from the mainland of China to understand such data as publication year and journal preference, authors＇ geographic location, research topics and core expertise to predict the research trends and provide an informed basis of decision making for researchers and clinicians.
基金supported by China National Key-Point Research and Development Program of the 13th[Grant number:2017YFC1105003]Young Scientist Research and Development Program of National Institutes for Food and Drug Control[Grant number:2019C4].
文摘Glutaraldehyde(GA)is an important additive that is mainly used in animal-derived biomaterials to improve their mechanical and antimicrobial capacities.However,GA chemical toxicity and the metabolic mechanism remain relatively unknown.Therefore,residual GA has always been a major health risk consideration for animal-derived medical devices.In this study,extracts of three biopatches were tested via the GA determination test and mouse lymphoma assay(MLA).The results showed that dissolved GA was a potential mutagen,which could induce significant cytotoxic and mutagenic effects in mouse lymphoma cells.These toxic reactions were relieved by the S9 metabolic activation(MA)system.Furthermore,we confirmed that GA concentration decreased and glutaric acid was generated during the catalytic process.We revealed GA could be oxidized via cytochrome P450 which was the main metabolic factor of S9.We found that even though GA was possibly responsible for positive reactions of animal-derived biomaterials’biocompatibility evaluation,it may not represent the real situation occurring in human bodies,owing to the presence of various detoxification mechanisms including the S9 system.Overall,in order to achieve a general balance between risk management and practical application,rational decisions based on comprehensive analyses must be considered.
文摘Animal derived materials have been widely used in biomedical products owing to their good biocompatibility and appropriate mechanical properties.It is crucial to evaluate the immunotoxicity of such materials in preclinical testing to prevent severe immune responses in patients.In this study,a pipeline of immunotoxicity tests was established to evaluate animal-derived materials before de-cellularization and final products.This pipeline contains a serial of animal tests on BALB/c mice and an in vitro quantification test for a-Gal antigen.It is wellrecognized that the interaction between materials and patients profoundly alters immune responses,thus,a comprehensive dataset including body weight,immune organ coefficient,histopathology,peripheral hematology,serum immunoglobulin level,spleen lymphocyte proliferation rate,and their subpopulation was created and analyzed using the SPSS tool.These results clearly suggested that the de-cellularized materials possessed better biocompatibility,in addition,the a-Gal antigen content was effectively decreased by 96.0%after decellularization.Thus,this study confirmed that this multi-step enzymatic de-cellularization treatment is a potent method to reduce the immunotoxicity of animal-derived biomaterials.Moreover,the experimental pipeline will likely be transferable to other biomedical materials and products.
基金Supported by Shanghai Putuo District Science and Technology R&D Platform Project(2024QX04).
文摘This paper presents a comprehensive account of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from various sources, including animal, plant, and microbial origins, along with an examination of their structural characteristics and biological activities. Specifically, the potential of Bacillus subtilis as a safe and effective host for the production of AMPs is discussed. B. subtilis exhibits a notable capacity for protein secretion and is also capable of efficiently producing AMPs without the presence of endotoxin contamination. The research indicates that the production efficiency of AMPs derived from B. subtilis can be significantly enhanced through the application of genetic engineering and synthetic biology techniques. This advancement holds considerable potential for applications in food preservation, agriculture, medicine, and various other fields. The paper additionally investigates the stability of AMPs under diverse conditions of temperature, pH, and enzymatic treatment, and highlights the necessity for further research to facilitate the advancement of these AMPs for practical applications.
基金supported by the"Open Bidding for Selecting the Best Candidates"Program of Taiyuan(2024TYJB0149).
文摘Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals.Based on the source,collagen can be categorized into human and non-human-derived collagen,while the recombinant collagen is divided into recombinant human collagen,recombinant humanized collagen,and recombinant collagen-like protein.In cosmetics or beauty products,collagen serves as an active ingredient in the care and beautification of face,body and hair.With advancements in science and technology,recombinant collagen is gaining more attention in the cosmetics industry.More specifically,recombinant collagen demonstrates excellent biocompatibility and cell adhesion.Along with promoting new cell formation and hemostasis,the stronger ability of recombinant collagen to promote epithelial cell growth has attracted attention towards its production based on genetic engineering techniques.Recombinant collagen is produced by genetic engineering or optimizing the gene sequence based on the characteristics and main functional regions of human collagen,using various host cells from,for example,transgenic mice,insects,transgenic silkworms,transgenic tobacco,E.coli,or yeast.The sources include microbial,animal,or plant recombinant expression systems.To better understand the research status of recombinant collagen,we searched and collated relevant material found in electronic databases,such as PubMed,Web of Science,Google Scholar,Science Direct,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).This article reviews the classification and characterization of recombinant collagen,as well as factors affecting its synthesis,focusing on the classification of recombinant collagen expression systems and the application of recombinant collagen in different cosmetic products,aiming to provide a basal reference source for the future development of recombinant collagen and lay the foundation for further research in the beauty industry.
基金We thank the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(2023AFB330)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M721275)the Hubei Provincial Market Supervision Administration Science and Technology Program Project(Hbscjg-KJ2021002)for financial support.
文摘Dairy products have become one of the most prevalent daily foods worldwide,but safety concerns are rising.In dairy farming,unscrupulous traders misuse antibiotics to treat some diseases such as mastitis in cows,leading to antibiotic residues in dairy products.Rapid,sensitive,and simple detection methods for antibiotic residues are particularly important for food safety in dairy products.Traditional detection technology can effectively detect antibiotics,but there are defects such as complicated pre-treatment and high cost.Biosensors are widely used in food safety due to fast detection speed,low detection cost,strong anti-interference ability,and suitability for the field application.Nevertheless,these sensors often fail to trigger the signal conversion output due to low target concentration.To cope with this issue,some high-efficiency signal amplification systems can be introduced to improve the detection sensitivity and linear range of biosensors.In this review,we focused on:(i)Sources and toxicity of major antibiotics in animal-derived foods.(ii)Nanomaterial-mediated biosensors for real-time detection of target antibiotics in animal-derived foods.(iii)Signal amplification techniques to increase the sensitivity of biosensors.Finally,future prospects and challenges in this research field are discussed.
基金Fundamental research funds of CACMS(ZZ16-YQ-043).
文摘In order to promote the standardization of production and processing of medicinal materials of animal-derivative,on January 15,2024,the China Association of Chinese Medicine approved and released the group standards(T/CACM 1571.1-2024T/CACM 1571.16-2024).Among them,the“Technical code of practice for production and processing of medicinal materials of animalderivative—General rules”(T/CACM 1571.1-2024)(hereinafter referred to as the“General rules”)serves as the overarching guide for the series of specifications.This article provides a detailed interpretation of the“General rules”in order to facilitate the implementation of“Technical code of practice for production and processing of medicinal materials of animal-derivative”and to advance the standardized production of medicinal materials of animal-derivative.
基金financially supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82130111)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81803716 and 32400325)Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(No.SZZYSM202106004)。
文摘Animal-derived traditional Chinese medicines(ATCMs),which are prepared from whole animals,organs,or physiological and pathological products,have gained wide recognition and have become an integral part of traditional Chinese medicine in recent years.To provide a comprehensive reference on these agents,we systematically reviewed small-molecule compounds,analytical techniques,and pharmacological activities of ATCMs.Information and research progress regarding ATCMs were collected from scientific journals,Materials Medica,and scientific databases(PubMed,Google Scholar,Science Direct,Web of Science,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure).Various small-molecule compounds,including nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds,steroids,flavonoids,terpenoids,amino acids,and oligopeptides were summarized.Common analytical techniques applied to ATCMs include spectral and chromatographic techniques,of which hyphenated techniques are the most widely used.The primary pharmacological activities of small-molecule compounds in ATCMs include their effects on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems,as well as their anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities.This systematic review provides a comprehensive reference for small-molecule ATCM compounds,analytical techniques,and pharmacological activities.
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program(2022YFF1101002)Suzhou Science and Technology Committee Program(SNG2020056).
文摘To ensure food safety from animal origins and to prevent potential hazards caused by steroid hormones,there is an urgent need to develop a rapid detection method for steroid hormones in foods from animal origins.Three highly sensitive monoclonal antibodies(mAb)against testosterone propionate(Tp),stazolol(STA)and estradiol benzoate(EB)were prepared,with IC50 values of 0.13,0.14 and 0.19 ng/mL,respectively.Tp-mAb is a group-selective mAb that simultaneously detects Tp,testosterone(T),methyltestosterone(MT)and testosterone phenylpropionate(TPP),and their IC50 values were 0.13,0.77,0.90,and 1.25 ng/mL,respectively.A novel multiplex lateral flow immunochromatographic strip(ICS)was further prepared,which could simultaneously detect Tp,STA,and EB in chicken and pork samples with limits of quantification(LOQ)of 0.32,0.51,0.35μg/kg and 0.36,0.64,0.43μg/kg,respectively.Based on the broad spectrum of Tp-mAb,ICS has been further developed to detect Tp,T,MT and TPP simultaneously.This multiplex ICS rapid detection method was efficient,sensitive,and fast,for the simultaneous detection of multiple steroid hormones in actual samples.Its detection time is only 40 min,which it represents a favorable monitoring tool for the detection of steroid hormones in animal-derived foods from the marketplace.
基金supported by the National Engineering Laboratory for Regenerative Medical Implantable Devices(Grant No.2012NEL2MD005).
文摘This article analyses and summarizes issues of intellectual property involved in animal-derived regenerative,implantable medical devices(ADRIMD)in order to better understand global trends in patent applications and disclosures,the legal status of patent families(i.e.sets of patents filed in various countries to protect a single invention),and International Patent Classification topics such as main assignee and core expertise.Analysis of research trends will enhance and inform the decision-making capacity of researchers,investors,government regulators and other stake-holders as they undertake to develop,deploy,invest in or regulate ADRIMD.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China[No.81703206 and 81973015].
文摘Background and Objectives:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become a worldwide public health problem.Current evidence on the association between dietary iron intake and the risk of NAFLD is limited.The present study aimed to investigate the associations of animal-derived dietary iron(ADDI)intake,plant-derived dietary iron(PDDI)intake,and the ratio of PDDI:ADDI with NAFLD risk among U.S.adult population.Methods and Study Design:This was a repeated cross-sectional study.Data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)2007-2018.NAFLD was defined as a United States Fatty Lives Index≥30,and dietary iron intake was assessed through two 24-h dietary recall interviews.Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied to examine the associations between dietary iron intake from different sources and NAFLD risk.Results:A total of 9478 participants aged≥20 years were enrolled in the present study.After adjustment for multiple confounding factors,relative to the lowest quartile,the odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)of NAFLD for the highest quartile was 1.01(95%CI,0.82-1.24)for ADDI intake,0.82(95%CI,0.64-0.99)for PDDI intake,and 1.00(95%CI,0.81-1.24)for the PDDI:ADDI intake ratio.In stratified analysis by sex and age,the significantly negative associations of PDDI intake with NAFLD was observed in women and participants older than 45 years.Dose-response analyses indicated that NAFLD was negatively associated with PDDI intake in a non-linear manner.Conclusions:PDDI intake was negatively associated with NAFLD in U.S.adults.
