The angular light-scattering measurement（ALSM） method combined with an improved artificial bee colony algorithm is introduced to determine aerosol optical constants and aerosol size distribution（ASD） simultaneousl...The angular light-scattering measurement（ALSM） method combined with an improved artificial bee colony algorithm is introduced to determine aerosol optical constants and aerosol size distribution（ASD） simultaneously. Meanwhile, an optimized selection principle of the ALSM signals based on the sensitivity analysis and principle component analysis（PCA）is proposed to improve the accuracy of the retrieval results. The sensitivity analysis of the ALSM signals to the optical constants or characteristic parameters in the ASD is studied first to find the optimized selection region of measurement angles. Then, the PCA is adopted to select the optimized measurement angles within the optimized selection region obtained by sensitivity analysis. The investigation reveals that, compared with random selection measurement angles, the optimized selection measurement angles can provide more useful measurement information to ensure the retrieval accuracy. Finally,the aerosol optical constants and the ASDs are reconstructed simultaneously. The results show that the retrieval accuracy of refractive indices is better than that of absorption indices, while the characteristic parameters in ASDs have similar retrieval accuracy. Moreover, the retrieval accuracy in studying L-N distribution is a little better than that in studying Gamma distribution for the difference of corresponding correlation coefficient matrixes of the ALSM signals. All the results confirm that the proposed technique is an effective and reliable technique in estimating the aerosol optical constants and ASD simultaneously.展开更多
An angular light-scattering measurement (ALSM) method combined with the probability density function-bmsed ant colony optimization algorithm (PDF-ACO) is proposed for retrieval of aerosol optical constants. An optimal...An angular light-scattering measurement (ALSM) method combined with the probability density function-bmsed ant colony optimization algorithm (PDF-ACO) is proposed for retrieval of aerosol optical constants. An optimal measurement angle selection method using a principal component analysis (PCA) approach is developed to improve retrieval accuracy. Results indicate that optimized angle selection can ensure retrieval accuracy. The aerosol optical constants over Beijing, China, which are available from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), are then rec on structed. The ALSM method's con vergence properties are also studied via comparison w让h those of the light reflection-transmittance measurement (LRTM) method. Results retrieved using the ALSM method show better convergence speed and accuracy than those retrieved using the LRTM method because the ALSM method does not require solution of the radiative transfer equation and allows more useful signals to be obtained. Additionally, the inverse accuracy of the refractive index results is better than that of the absorption index results;this is attributed to differences between the monodromic characteristics of the refractive index and absorption index retrieval results. All results confirm that the combination of the ALSM method w让h the PDF-ACO algorithm and the optimal measurement angle selection method provides effective and reliable aerosol optical constant reconstructio n.展开更多
We describe a new method for angular displacement measurements that is based on a Fabry-Perot interferometer. A measurement accuracy of 10-8 rad is obtained by use of the sinusoidal phase modulating interferometry. An...We describe a new method for angular displacement measurements that is based on a Fabry-Perot interferometer. A measurement accuracy of 10-8 rad is obtained by use of the sinusoidal phase modulating interferometry. Another Fabry-Perot interferometer is used to obtain the key initial angle of incidence.展开更多
飞轮储能轴系采用非接触磁轴承,卸载轴系80%~90%重量,以降低下支承磨损和功耗。提出铠装钕铁硼永磁轴承设计方法,并应用于400 k W飞轮储能工程样机的磁轴承设计。该设计构型简单,单磁环被包在磁轭中,转子部分无永磁材料,规避振动和散热...飞轮储能轴系采用非接触磁轴承,卸载轴系80%~90%重量,以降低下支承磨损和功耗。提出铠装钕铁硼永磁轴承设计方法,并应用于400 k W飞轮储能工程样机的磁轴承设计。该设计构型简单,单磁环被包在磁轭中,转子部分无永磁材料,规避振动和散热问题。磁环采用扇形磁瓦拼接,可满足大卸载力需求,其磁场不均匀性对轴向卸载力影响可忽略。工作间隙附近,轴承吸力与间隙大小关系近似线性化。工作间隙中磁轭面积约是磁环面积2倍时,轴承获得最大吸力。高效设计流程方法使磁环体积减少24.4%。给出了不同转速下的轴承最大卸载力设计参数。展开更多
基金Project supported by the Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant Nos.BK20170800 and BK20160794)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51606095)
文摘The angular light-scattering measurement（ALSM） method combined with an improved artificial bee colony algorithm is introduced to determine aerosol optical constants and aerosol size distribution（ASD） simultaneously. Meanwhile, an optimized selection principle of the ALSM signals based on the sensitivity analysis and principle component analysis（PCA）is proposed to improve the accuracy of the retrieval results. The sensitivity analysis of the ALSM signals to the optical constants or characteristic parameters in the ASD is studied first to find the optimized selection region of measurement angles. Then, the PCA is adopted to select the optimized measurement angles within the optimized selection region obtained by sensitivity analysis. The investigation reveals that, compared with random selection measurement angles, the optimized selection measurement angles can provide more useful measurement information to ensure the retrieval accuracy. Finally,the aerosol optical constants and the ASDs are reconstructed simultaneously. The results show that the retrieval accuracy of refractive indices is better than that of absorption indices, while the characteristic parameters in ASDs have similar retrieval accuracy. Moreover, the retrieval accuracy in studying L-N distribution is a little better than that in studying Gamma distribution for the difference of corresponding correlation coefficient matrixes of the ALSM signals. All the results confirm that the proposed technique is an effective and reliable technique in estimating the aerosol optical constants and ASD simultaneously.
基金the Jiangsu Provin-cial Natural Science Foundation (grant numbers BK20170800, BK20160794)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant number 1022-YAH16051)and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 51606095).
文摘An angular light-scattering measurement (ALSM) method combined with the probability density function-bmsed ant colony optimization algorithm (PDF-ACO) is proposed for retrieval of aerosol optical constants. An optimal measurement angle selection method using a principal component analysis (PCA) approach is developed to improve retrieval accuracy. Results indicate that optimized angle selection can ensure retrieval accuracy. The aerosol optical constants over Beijing, China, which are available from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), are then rec on structed. The ALSM method's con vergence properties are also studied via comparison w让h those of the light reflection-transmittance measurement (LRTM) method. Results retrieved using the ALSM method show better convergence speed and accuracy than those retrieved using the LRTM method because the ALSM method does not require solution of the radiative transfer equation and allows more useful signals to be obtained. Additionally, the inverse accuracy of the refractive index results is better than that of the absorption index results;this is attributed to differences between the monodromic characteristics of the refractive index and absorption index retrieval results. All results confirm that the combination of the ALSM method w让h the PDF-ACO algorithm and the optimal measurement angle selection method provides effective and reliable aerosol optical constant reconstructio n.
基金This work was supported by the National High Tech-nology Development 863 Program(2002aa404050)of China and the Foundation for Development of science of Shanghai(0114nm013),
文摘We describe a new method for angular displacement measurements that is based on a Fabry-Perot interferometer. A measurement accuracy of 10-8 rad is obtained by use of the sinusoidal phase modulating interferometry. Another Fabry-Perot interferometer is used to obtain the key initial angle of incidence.
文摘飞轮储能轴系采用非接触磁轴承,卸载轴系80%~90%重量,以降低下支承磨损和功耗。提出铠装钕铁硼永磁轴承设计方法,并应用于400 k W飞轮储能工程样机的磁轴承设计。该设计构型简单,单磁环被包在磁轭中,转子部分无永磁材料,规避振动和散热问题。磁环采用扇形磁瓦拼接,可满足大卸载力需求,其磁场不均匀性对轴向卸载力影响可忽略。工作间隙附近,轴承吸力与间隙大小关系近似线性化。工作间隙中磁轭面积约是磁环面积2倍时,轴承获得最大吸力。高效设计流程方法使磁环体积减少24.4%。给出了不同转速下的轴承最大卸载力设计参数。
