Salinity stress is amajor constraint on agricultural productivity,particularly in arid and semi-arid regions.This study evaluated the potential of Ascophyllum nodosum extract(ANE)in mitigating salinity-induced stress ...Salinity stress is amajor constraint on agricultural productivity,particularly in arid and semi-arid regions.This study evaluated the potential of Ascophyllum nodosum extract(ANE)in mitigating salinity-induced stress and enhancing the growth and physiological performance of Portulaca oleracea L.under NaCl concentrations of 0,50,70,and 100 mM for 50 days.A two-way ANOVA assessed the effects of NaCl concentration,ANE treatment,and their interaction.The results showed that ANE significantly increased plant height at 50 mMNaCl(p=0.0011)but had no effect at higher salinity levels(p>0.05).Shoot dry weight was significantly influenced by the interaction of NaCl and ANE(p=0.0064),with ANE increasing biomass at 0 mM but decreasing it at 100 mM NaCl.However,ANE did not significantly affect root dry weight(p>0.05).Physiological responses indicated a significant increase in proline content at 50mMNaCl(p=0.0011),supporting improved osmotic adjustment.Total soluble protein was significantly enhanced at all salinity levels except 100 mM NaCl(p<0.01).Regarding ionic regulation,ANE had no significant effect on leaf sap pH(p>0.05)but increased electrical conductivity(EC)at 70 and 100 mM NaCl(p<0.01),suggesting a role in ion homeostasis under high salinity.Photosynthetic pigments responded positively to ANE,with significant increases in chlorophyll“a”(p<0.0001)and carotenoid content(p<0.0001),while chlorophyll“b”remained unchanged(p>0.05).These findings highlight ANE’s potential as a sustainable biostimulant for improving salinity tolerance,particularly at moderate NaCl levels.Future research should focus on molecular mechanisms and long-term field applications to optimize ANE’s role in enhancing soil and crop productivity under salinity stress.展开更多
China＇s economic growth is heavily influenced by exports, while reconciling environmental regulation and economic growth requires handling the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiven...China＇s economic growth is heavily influenced by exports, while reconciling environmental regulation and economic growth requires handling the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness well. The effects of environmental regulation on industrial competitiveness are largely subject to the institutional design of environmental regulation. Despite numerous studies on the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness, a consensus has yet to be reached. Aside from differences in research methodology, these studies failed to give sufficient consideration to the impact of environmental regulation on industrial competitiveness. Such effects can be negative or positive depending on the design of environmental regulatory policy. This paper has investigated the relationship between environmental regulation and the competitiveness of China＇s iron and steel industry and discovered that tighter environmental regulation does not diminish the competitiveness of the iron and steel industry since the policy design of environmental regulation accommodates the tolerance of advanced production capacity and includes a reasonable cost sharing mechanism. This discovery is of important reference for China to develop rational policy design to balance the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness.展开更多
A self-crosslinkable liquid highly branched polycarbosilane（LHBPCS） with 5.07% vinyl group and a C/Si ratio of 1.33 was used as the precursor to prepare Si C ceramic material. Microwave heating technique and convent...A self-crosslinkable liquid highly branched polycarbosilane（LHBPCS） with 5.07% vinyl group and a C/Si ratio of 1.33 was used as the precursor to prepare Si C ceramic material. Microwave heating technique and conventional heating method were applied for the heating treatment process. It was found that, compared with conventional heating method, microwave heating technique could enhance the crystallinity of Si C ceramic material with small grain size at much lower curing temperature and within shorter time. In addition, the SiO_2 additive could lead to less α-Si C and excess carbon, but worsen the crystallinity of β-Si C in the final samples.展开更多
Balance valve is a core component of the 11000-meter manned submersible“struggle,”and its sealing performance is crucial and challenging when the maximum pressure difference is 118 MPa.The increasing sealing force i...Balance valve is a core component of the 11000-meter manned submersible“struggle,”and its sealing performance is crucial and challenging when the maximum pressure difference is 118 MPa.The increasing sealing force improves the sealing performance and increases the system’s energy consumption at the same time.A hybrid analytical–numerical–experimental(ANE)model is proposed to obtain the minimum sealing force,ensuring no leakage at the valve port and reducing energy consumption as much as possible.The effects of roundness error,environmental pressure,and materials on the minimum sealing force are considered in the ANE model.The basic form of minimum sealing force equations is established,and the remaining unknown coefficients of the equations are obtained by the finite element method(FEM).The accuracy of the equation is evaluated by comparing the independent FEM data to the equation data.Results of the comparison show good agreement,and the difference between the independent FEM data and equation data is within 3%when the environmental pressure is 0–118 MPa.Finally,the minimum sealing force equation is applied in a balance valve to be experimented using a deep-sea simulation device.The balance valve designed through the minimum sealing force equation is leak-free in the experiment.Thus,the minimum sealing force equation is suitable for the ultrahigh pressure balance valve and has guiding significance for evaluating the sealing performance of ultrahigh pressure balance valves.展开更多
文摘Salinity stress is amajor constraint on agricultural productivity,particularly in arid and semi-arid regions.This study evaluated the potential of Ascophyllum nodosum extract(ANE)in mitigating salinity-induced stress and enhancing the growth and physiological performance of Portulaca oleracea L.under NaCl concentrations of 0,50,70,and 100 mM for 50 days.A two-way ANOVA assessed the effects of NaCl concentration,ANE treatment,and their interaction.The results showed that ANE significantly increased plant height at 50 mMNaCl(p=0.0011)but had no effect at higher salinity levels(p>0.05).Shoot dry weight was significantly influenced by the interaction of NaCl and ANE(p=0.0064),with ANE increasing biomass at 0 mM but decreasing it at 100 mM NaCl.However,ANE did not significantly affect root dry weight(p>0.05).Physiological responses indicated a significant increase in proline content at 50mMNaCl(p=0.0011),supporting improved osmotic adjustment.Total soluble protein was significantly enhanced at all salinity levels except 100 mM NaCl(p<0.01).Regarding ionic regulation,ANE had no significant effect on leaf sap pH(p>0.05)but increased electrical conductivity(EC)at 70 and 100 mM NaCl(p<0.01),suggesting a role in ion homeostasis under high salinity.Photosynthetic pigments responded positively to ANE,with significant increases in chlorophyll“a”(p<0.0001)and carotenoid content(p<0.0001),while chlorophyll“b”remained unchanged(p>0.05).These findings highlight ANE’s potential as a sustainable biostimulant for improving salinity tolerance,particularly at moderate NaCl levels.Future research should focus on molecular mechanisms and long-term field applications to optimize ANE’s role in enhancing soil and crop productivity under salinity stress.
文摘China＇s economic growth is heavily influenced by exports, while reconciling environmental regulation and economic growth requires handling the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness well. The effects of environmental regulation on industrial competitiveness are largely subject to the institutional design of environmental regulation. Despite numerous studies on the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness, a consensus has yet to be reached. Aside from differences in research methodology, these studies failed to give sufficient consideration to the impact of environmental regulation on industrial competitiveness. Such effects can be negative or positive depending on the design of environmental regulatory policy. This paper has investigated the relationship between environmental regulation and the competitiveness of China＇s iron and steel industry and discovered that tighter environmental regulation does not diminish the competitiveness of the iron and steel industry since the policy design of environmental regulation accommodates the tolerance of advanced production capacity and includes a reasonable cost sharing mechanism. This discovery is of important reference for China to develop rational policy design to balance the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91226202 and 91426304)
文摘A self-crosslinkable liquid highly branched polycarbosilane（LHBPCS） with 5.07% vinyl group and a C/Si ratio of 1.33 was used as the precursor to prepare Si C ceramic material. Microwave heating technique and conventional heating method were applied for the heating treatment process. It was found that, compared with conventional heating method, microwave heating technique could enhance the crystallinity of Si C ceramic material with small grain size at much lower curing temperature and within shorter time. In addition, the SiO_2 additive could lead to less α-Si C and excess carbon, but worsen the crystallinity of β-Si C in the final samples.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.52122502,51879114,and 52075192).
文摘Balance valve is a core component of the 11000-meter manned submersible“struggle,”and its sealing performance is crucial and challenging when the maximum pressure difference is 118 MPa.The increasing sealing force improves the sealing performance and increases the system’s energy consumption at the same time.A hybrid analytical–numerical–experimental(ANE)model is proposed to obtain the minimum sealing force,ensuring no leakage at the valve port and reducing energy consumption as much as possible.The effects of roundness error,environmental pressure,and materials on the minimum sealing force are considered in the ANE model.The basic form of minimum sealing force equations is established,and the remaining unknown coefficients of the equations are obtained by the finite element method(FEM).The accuracy of the equation is evaluated by comparing the independent FEM data to the equation data.Results of the comparison show good agreement,and the difference between the independent FEM data and equation data is within 3%when the environmental pressure is 0–118 MPa.Finally,the minimum sealing force equation is applied in a balance valve to be experimented using a deep-sea simulation device.The balance valve designed through the minimum sealing force equation is leak-free in the experiment.Thus,the minimum sealing force equation is suitable for the ultrahigh pressure balance valve and has guiding significance for evaluating the sealing performance of ultrahigh pressure balance valves.
