Chronic hepatitis B infection is a major health problem,with approximately 350 million virus carriers worldwide.In Africa,about 30%-60%of children and 60%-100%of adults have been infected with hepatitis B virus(HBV).P...Chronic hepatitis B infection is a major health problem,with approximately 350 million virus carriers worldwide.In Africa,about 30%-60%of children and 60%-100%of adults have been infected with hepatitis B virus(HBV).Persistent infection with HBV can lead to cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma.Mathematical models are a useful tool to forecast the future development of diseases.In 1981,Capasso and Maddalena proposed and analyzed a reaction diffusion system modeling the spatial spread of a class of bacterial and viral diseases.展开更多
Thermal behavior of bulk amorphous sulfur is investigated by in situ temperature measurements at high pressures of 0.9, 1.4 and 2.1 GPa, and under different heating rates of 8, 10 and 12K/min at 0.9 GPa. The results s...Thermal behavior of bulk amorphous sulfur is investigated by in situ temperature measurements at high pressures of 0.9, 1.4 and 2.1 GPa, and under different heating rates of 8, 10 and 12K/min at 0.9 GPa. The results show that the onset temperature of the transition from the supercooled Hquid to the liquid state for sulfur increases with the pressure and the heating rate. It is deduced that the transition does not follow the Clapeyron equation, indicating considerable coupling of the molecular structure change in the transition. Along with the data at ambient pressure and high pressure, we present a dynamic diagram to demonstrate the relationship between the amorphous solid, supercooled liquid, liquid, and crystal phases of sulfur, and suggest an experimental approach to establish pressure-temperature-time transition diagrams for supercooled liquid and liquid.展开更多
Fundamental definitions of distance and velocity in radar measurement principle are examined and revised from strict theoretical point of view. Synchronization scheme - for clocks in uniform, translatory relative moti...Fundamental definitions of distance and velocity in radar measurement principle are examined and revised from strict theoretical point of view. Synchronization scheme - for clocks in uniform, translatory relative motion is introduced as theoretical foundation for GPS and GLONASS type navigation and positioning technology. Traditional definitions of two-way radar measurement, based on arithmetic mean vlaue concept, turn out to be special cases of revised definitions for one-way radar measurement, based on geometric mean concept, derived from synchronization of moving clocks in accordance with the principle of relativity. The essential physical meaning of Lorentz transformation is interpreted in terms of radar measured parameters. Invariance or absoluteness of four dimensional interval turns out to be invariance or absoluteness of geometric mean time interval. The Lorentz factor turns out to be ratio of geometric mean and arithmetic mean time intervals in terms of radar measured parameters. Theoretical results are illustrated transparently by numerical examples. A crucial experiment for direct testing of the second postulate of special relativity by means of GPS of GLONASS type technology is proposed in this paper.展开更多
As a new promising paradigm, cloud computing can make good use of economics of scale and elastically deliver almost any IT related services on demand. Nevertheless, one of the key problems remaining in cloud computing...As a new promising paradigm, cloud computing can make good use of economics of scale and elastically deliver almost any IT related services on demand. Nevertheless, one of the key problems remaining in cloud computing is related to virtual machine images, which require a great amount of space/time to reposit/provision, especially with diverse requests from thousands of users simultaneously. In this paper, by using the splitting and eliminating redundant data techniques, a space and time efficient approach for virtual machines is proposed. The experiments demonstrate that, compared with existing solutions, our approach can conserve more disk space and speed up the provisioning of virtual machines.展开更多
An attempt is done to calculate the value of the elementary electron charge from its relation to the Planck constant and the speed of light. This relation is obtained, in the first step, from the Pauli analysis of the...An attempt is done to calculate the value of the elementary electron charge from its relation to the Planck constant and the speed of light. This relation is obtained, in the first step, from the Pauli analysis of the strength of the electric field associated with an elementary emission process of energy. In the next step, the uncertainty principle is applied to both the emission time and energy. The theoretical result for e is roughly close to the experimental value of the electron charge.展开更多
This paper, having made systematic trend analysis on the front and rear segments of Xintan landslide for space and time respectively by using matbematical statistical principles,discovered that there is obvious trend ...This paper, having made systematic trend analysis on the front and rear segments of Xintan landslide for space and time respectively by using matbematical statistical principles,discovered that there is obvious trend displacement Of the monitoring points in the rear margin area of the slope and the rates of trend displacement gradually increase with time whereas there is no trend displacement of the monitoring points in the front margin area. This result suggests that the rear margin area of segment is an area of overall sliding and is transforming towards destabilization whereas the front margin area is an area of relative stability. This analytical result well coincides with the conclusion of evaluation on dynamic stability. The analytical result mentioned above shows that the medium to short term forecast and prediction of slope stability can be made by using trend displacement analysis technique in order to achieve the goal of timely evaluation and prevention.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Generally speaking, anesthesia is often used in gravid body and it has been already proved that many kind of medicine can result in malformation. OBJECTIVE: To explore embryonic skeleton development and ne...BACKGROUND: Generally speaking, anesthesia is often used in gravid body and it has been already proved that many kind of medicine can result in malformation. OBJECTIVE: To explore embryonic skeleton development and neonatal learning and memory of rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium in gravid rats. DESIGN: A randomized control trial. SETTING: Laboratory Animal Center of Xuzhou Medical College. MATERIALS: A total of 80 adult female SD rats, of clean grade and weighing 220-240 g, were selected in this study. The main reagents were detailed as follows: pentobarbital sodium (Shanghai Xingzhi Chemical Plant, batch number: 921019); MG-2 maze test apparatus (Zhangjiagang Biomedical Instrument Factory); somatotype microscope (Beijing Taike Instrument Co., Ltd.). METHODS: ① A total of 160 SD rats of half males and females were selected in this study. All rats were copulated. The day that the plug was checked out in the vagina next day was looked as the first day of pregnancy. Gravid rats were divided randomly into four groups, including early anesthesia group, second anesthesia group, late anesthesia group and control group with 20 in each group. Rats in the early anesthesia group were injected with 25 mg/kg soluble pentobarbitone on the 7th day of pregnancy for once; rats in the second anesthesia group were anesthetized with 25 mg/kg soluble pentobarbitone on the 7th and the 14th days of pregnancy for once; rats in the late anesthesia group were anesthetized with 25 mg/kg soluble pentobarbitone on the 14th day of pregnancy for once; rats in the control group did not treat with anything. The time of anesthetizing was controlled in 3 to 4 hours and ether was absorbed while the time was not enough. ② Half of each group was sacrificed on day 20th of pregnancy and the fetus was taken out to be stained with alizarin red S. After stained, the fetal skeleton was examined. The learning and memorizing of one-month rats that were given birth by the rest gravid rats were tested through electric mare method. Determine their study ability according to their correct rate of 90% or above of arrival at the safe area in 20 s. After they finally learned to arrive at the safe area correctly, test them once more in 24 hours and record the correct rate of 15 times. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The rate of malformation in fetus and ability of learning and memory in one-month rats. RESULTS: A total of 80 female rats were anesthetized in this experiment. Totally 490 immature rats were tested with maze testing machine and 196 fetuses were stained with alizarin red S to observe the development of their skeleton. However, one of the 80 female rats was led to death because of overdose. ① Malformation experiment: Learning ability of second anesthesia group was evidently different from the control group while the other two groups were not in the electric mare method. The fetal skeleton malformation rate of three experimental groups was 87.0%, 60.9% and 17.9%, respectively, while it was 5.6% in the control group. ② Electric mare method: Times of rats which arrived at the safe regions were respectively 49.0±31.0, 68.0±35.0, 47.0±31.0 and 44.0±21.0 in early anesthesia group, second anesthesia group, late anesthesia group and control group; and then, there was significant difference between the second anesthesia group and the control group (P < 0.05). Exact rates of memory of rats were respectively (64.36±14.35)%, (62.15±18.33)%, (54.19±12.28)% and (68.24±15.91)% in early anesthesia group, second anesthesia group, late anesthesia group and control group; and then, there were no significant differences as compared with the control group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The influence of anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium is obvious in fetal skeleton development and learning and memory ability.展开更多
Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2011 and 2013,this paper studied the impact of retirement on male and female workers’health and its impact mechanism under the manda...Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2011 and 2013,this paper studied the impact of retirement on male and female workers’health and its impact mechanism under the mandatory retirement age system in China by using Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design(FRDD).The results indicated that retirement increased the probability of men assessing themselves as"healthy"by 25 percentage points and lowered the probability of suffering from chronic diseases for women by 26 percentage points.In terms of mechanism analysis,it was found that the remarkable increase in social interactions after retirement was the main reason for the improvement of health for male retirees,but not the reason for the lower probability of having chronic diseases for female retirees.The findings serve as important references for formulating policies regarding postponing retirement age and flexible retirement.展开更多
In this paper, we conduct research on the developmental trend of the data journalism under the current background and the time of big data. Big data is not only a concept, but also a description of a state of society...In this paper, we conduct research on the developmental trend of the data journalism under the current background and the time of big data. Big data is not only a concept, but also a description of a state of society： in the era of the big data, data become important social resources and production data, the news media is no exception. In the time of the data had not been so seriously, the core of the news resources is a reporter on the scene to get first-hand material, is based on the reporter can see, smell, feel the fact description, data is often only a supplementary role. However, in today＇ s era of big data, although the scene is also very important, but based on the various aspects of data mining and analysis and the depth of the formation of information has become more and more important. Our research proposes the novel paradigm for the issues that is meaningful.展开更多
The paper examines the energy of electron transitions in an emission process and the time intervals necessary for that process. For simple quantum systems, the both parameters—that of energy and time—depend on the d...The paper examines the energy of electron transitions in an emission process and the time intervals necessary for that process. For simple quantum systems, the both parameters—that of energy and time—depend on the difference Δn of the quantum numbers n labelling the beginning and end state of emission. It is shown that the phase-space areas formed by products of energy and time involved in the emission can be represented as a quadratic function of Δn multiplied by the Planck constant h.展开更多
Nowadays the pace of social life is very fast.TO make clear date and time is very important to everyone,especially those who are away fromhome.You need to learn ways to express date and time in Chinese.Otherwise how c...Nowadays the pace of social life is very fast.TO make clear date and time is very important to everyone,especially those who are away fromhome.You need to learn ways to express date and time in Chinese.Otherwise how can you make arrangements with your Chinese friends?41.请问,今天(是)几号?Qǐngwèn,jīntiān(shǐ)jǐ hào?(May I ask,what is the date today?)In Chinese,jǐntiān.míngtiān,hòutiān and dàhòutiān are used to express today,tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,and the fourth day fromnow.jǐ(how many)is a character used in questioning the number from two to nine.If one asks the number above nine,then shí(ten)。展开更多
The De Broglie’s approach to the quantum theory, when combined with the conservation rule of momentum, allows one to calculate the velocity of the electron transition from a quantum state n to its neighbouring state ...The De Broglie’s approach to the quantum theory, when combined with the conservation rule of momentum, allows one to calculate the velocity of the electron transition from a quantum state n to its neighbouring state as a function of n. The paper shows, for the case of the harmonic oscillator taken as an example, that the De Broglie’s dependence of the transition velocity on n is equal to the n-dependence of that velocity calculated with the aid of the uncertainty principle for the energy and time. In the next step the minimal distance parameter provided by the uncertainty principle is applied in calculating the magnetic moment of the electron which effectuates its orbital motion in the magnetic field. This application gives readily the electron spin magnetic moment as well as the quantum of the magnetic flux known in superconductors as its result.展开更多
A modified uncertainty principle coupling the intervals of energy and time can lead to the shortest distance attained in course of the excitation process, as well as the shortest possible time interval for that proces...A modified uncertainty principle coupling the intervals of energy and time can lead to the shortest distance attained in course of the excitation process, as well as the shortest possible time interval for that process. These lower bounds are much similar to the interval limits deduced on both the experimental and theoretical footing in the era when the Heisenberg uncertainty principle has been developed. In effect of the bounds existence, a maximal nuclear charge Ze acceptable for the Bohr atomic ion could be calculated. In the next step the velocity of electron transitions between the Bohr orbits is found to be close to the speed of light. This result provides us with the energy spectrum of transitions similar to that obtained in the Bohr’s model. A momentary force acting on the electrons in course of their transitions is estimated to be by many orders larger than a steady electrostatic force existent between the atomic electron and the nucleus.展开更多
Passively mode-locked fiber lasers （PMLFLs） could be not only used as simple and economic ultrashort pulse sources but also as an ideal platform for exploring the nonlinear dynamics of dissipative solitons such as b...Passively mode-locked fiber lasers （PMLFLs） could be not only used as simple and economic ultrashort pulse sources but also as an ideal platform for exploring the nonlinear dynamics of dissipative solitons such as bound solitons, soliton rains, noise-like pulses, sideband-controllable solitons, soliton resonance,展开更多
We construct a set T of space-the transformations between inertial systems that are completely equivalent for explaining the experimental evidence, by starting from two empirically based assumptions: (1) The two-way ...We construct a set T of space-the transformations between inertial systems that are completely equivalent for explaining the experimental evidence, by starting from two empirically based assumptions: (1) The two-way velocity of light is c in all inertial systems and in all directions; (2) Time dilation effects take place with the usual relativistic factor. The Lorentz transformation is an element of T and any two elements of T differ only as to a convention regarding clock synchronization. The simplest choice is to transform time independently of space coordinates (absolute synchronization) and can be called 'inerital transformation.' When accelerations are considered the equivalence is broken and the inertial transformation emerges as closest to physical reality.展开更多
China has far too many people.It’s too crowded here.And every-where I go,whether by foot,on bike or in a vehicle,I alwaysencounter a bottleneck somewhere along the line.Waiting to walk through a ticket gate to get on...China has far too many people.It’s too crowded here.And every-where I go,whether by foot,on bike or in a vehicle,I alwaysencounter a bottleneck somewhere along the line.Waiting to walk through a ticket gate to get on a train,trying to enter the metal展开更多
This paper focuses on the question concerning the order of priority between authenticity and inauthenticity in Heidegger’sBeing and Time.Heidegger’s own words suggest sometimes that authenticity precedes inauthentic...This paper focuses on the question concerning the order of priority between authenticity and inauthenticity in Heidegger’sBeing and Time.Heidegger’s own words suggest sometimes that authenticity precedes inauthenticity,sometimes the opposite.This has given rise to a dispute,not only about exegesis,but also about the normative implication of the book.Engaging with interpreters like Dreyfus,Zimmerman,Stambaugh,andGuignon,I argue that it is problematic to assume a distinct mode of“undifferentiatedness”apart from the modes of authenticity and inauthenticity,for the model neither finds textual support nor is systematically tenable.Textual analysis shows that what Heidegger calls a“modal undifferentiatedness”does not itself constitute a distinct undifferentiated mode.Systematic examination shows that the assumption of a distinct mode of undifferentiatedness would oblige the interpreter to assume a“seed”of inauthenticity in this undifferentiatedness,which,once taken seriously,would make superfluous the distinction between undifferentiatedness and inauthent-icity.Moreover,this interpretation leaves incomprehensible how one begins to pursue authenticity.I suggest,instead,a“transformational model”of authenticity,for which philosophical understanding entails a transformation of one’s way of living.To make sense of Heidegger’s seemingly contradictory claims,I distinguish between the existential and the existentiell level of discourse.Authenticity is prior to inauthenticity at the existential level(of understanding),while inauthenticity is prior to authenticity at the existentiell level(of factical existence).I demonstrate that,thanks to a dialogue between these two levels,a global hermeneutic circle is at work in the overall project ofBeing and Time,where authentic living feeds into authentic understanding and vice versa.This makes the tension between authenticity and inauthenticity productive rather than aporetic;it also gives an idea of how the book would‘work’,in an intertwinement of two levels,for a reader as a Dasein.展开更多
In this paper, we determine the frequency, energy and momentum of the primordial spherical wave at the birth of our universe, which are consistent with the fact that the total energy of our universe was created in the...In this paper, we determine the frequency, energy and momentum of the primordial spherical wave at the birth of our universe, which are consistent with the fact that the total energy of our universe was created in the hot Big Bang. With this, we also indirectly demonstrate the consistency of previous works on the hypothesis of primary particles, by using their results. We obtain a hyper-high initial frequency of the spherical wave, which is not in contradiction with string theory.展开更多
In this thesis,construction industries face with the major challenges are cost overruns and time delays, which have existed in most of projects, especially in developing countries. Construction projects and the enviro...In this thesis,construction industries face with the major challenges are cost overruns and time delays, which have existed in most of projects, especially in developing countries. Construction projects and the environment are increasingly complex, thus it has greater demands on project managers and cost managers that deliver processes on time. However the process of construction is limited to unforeseeable and variable factors, resulting from many sources. The aim of the report is to analyze determining factors about causing budget overrun and time delays by reviewing and identifying past cases. Furthermore, the construction process is made up of three critical phases, i.e. conception, design, construction. Generally, the majority of time delays and cost overrun happen in the period of construction, where many factors are always unforeseeable, and time delays usually associate with cost overruns. （Chan and Kumaraswamy, 1997）展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundationof China,No.60774036the NSF of Hubei Province 2008CDA063
文摘Chronic hepatitis B infection is a major health problem,with approximately 350 million virus carriers worldwide.In Africa,about 30%-60%of children and 60%-100%of adults have been infected with hepatitis B virus(HBV).Persistent infection with HBV can lead to cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma.Mathematical models are a useful tool to forecast the future development of diseases.In 1981,Capasso and Maddalena proposed and analyzed a reaction diffusion system modeling the spatial spread of a class of bacterial and viral diseases.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11004163the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No 2682014ZT31
文摘Thermal behavior of bulk amorphous sulfur is investigated by in situ temperature measurements at high pressures of 0.9, 1.4 and 2.1 GPa, and under different heating rates of 8, 10 and 12K/min at 0.9 GPa. The results show that the onset temperature of the transition from the supercooled Hquid to the liquid state for sulfur increases with the pressure and the heating rate. It is deduced that the transition does not follow the Clapeyron equation, indicating considerable coupling of the molecular structure change in the transition. Along with the data at ambient pressure and high pressure, we present a dynamic diagram to demonstrate the relationship between the amorphous solid, supercooled liquid, liquid, and crystal phases of sulfur, and suggest an experimental approach to establish pressure-temperature-time transition diagrams for supercooled liquid and liquid.
文摘Fundamental definitions of distance and velocity in radar measurement principle are examined and revised from strict theoretical point of view. Synchronization scheme - for clocks in uniform, translatory relative motion is introduced as theoretical foundation for GPS and GLONASS type navigation and positioning technology. Traditional definitions of two-way radar measurement, based on arithmetic mean vlaue concept, turn out to be special cases of revised definitions for one-way radar measurement, based on geometric mean concept, derived from synchronization of moving clocks in accordance with the principle of relativity. The essential physical meaning of Lorentz transformation is interpreted in terms of radar measured parameters. Invariance or absoluteness of four dimensional interval turns out to be invariance or absoluteness of geometric mean time interval. The Lorentz factor turns out to be ratio of geometric mean and arithmetic mean time intervals in terms of radar measured parameters. Theoretical results are illustrated transparently by numerical examples. A crucial experiment for direct testing of the second postulate of special relativity by means of GPS of GLONASS type technology is proposed in this paper.
基金Project supported by the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(Grant No.J50103)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.10Z1411600)+1 种基金the Innovation Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.10YZ18)the National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.LX101102103)
文摘As a new promising paradigm, cloud computing can make good use of economics of scale and elastically deliver almost any IT related services on demand. Nevertheless, one of the key problems remaining in cloud computing is related to virtual machine images, which require a great amount of space/time to reposit/provision, especially with diverse requests from thousands of users simultaneously. In this paper, by using the splitting and eliminating redundant data techniques, a space and time efficient approach for virtual machines is proposed. The experiments demonstrate that, compared with existing solutions, our approach can conserve more disk space and speed up the provisioning of virtual machines.
文摘An attempt is done to calculate the value of the elementary electron charge from its relation to the Planck constant and the speed of light. This relation is obtained, in the first step, from the Pauli analysis of the strength of the electric field associated with an elementary emission process of energy. In the next step, the uncertainty principle is applied to both the emission time and energy. The theoretical result for e is roughly close to the experimental value of the electron charge.
文摘This paper, having made systematic trend analysis on the front and rear segments of Xintan landslide for space and time respectively by using matbematical statistical principles,discovered that there is obvious trend displacement Of the monitoring points in the rear margin area of the slope and the rates of trend displacement gradually increase with time whereas there is no trend displacement of the monitoring points in the front margin area. This result suggests that the rear margin area of segment is an area of overall sliding and is transforming towards destabilization whereas the front margin area is an area of relative stability. This analytical result well coincides with the conclusion of evaluation on dynamic stability. The analytical result mentioned above shows that the medium to short term forecast and prediction of slope stability can be made by using trend displacement analysis technique in order to achieve the goal of timely evaluation and prevention.
文摘BACKGROUND: Generally speaking, anesthesia is often used in gravid body and it has been already proved that many kind of medicine can result in malformation. OBJECTIVE: To explore embryonic skeleton development and neonatal learning and memory of rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium in gravid rats. DESIGN: A randomized control trial. SETTING: Laboratory Animal Center of Xuzhou Medical College. MATERIALS: A total of 80 adult female SD rats, of clean grade and weighing 220-240 g, were selected in this study. The main reagents were detailed as follows: pentobarbital sodium (Shanghai Xingzhi Chemical Plant, batch number: 921019); MG-2 maze test apparatus (Zhangjiagang Biomedical Instrument Factory); somatotype microscope (Beijing Taike Instrument Co., Ltd.). METHODS: ① A total of 160 SD rats of half males and females were selected in this study. All rats were copulated. The day that the plug was checked out in the vagina next day was looked as the first day of pregnancy. Gravid rats were divided randomly into four groups, including early anesthesia group, second anesthesia group, late anesthesia group and control group with 20 in each group. Rats in the early anesthesia group were injected with 25 mg/kg soluble pentobarbitone on the 7th day of pregnancy for once; rats in the second anesthesia group were anesthetized with 25 mg/kg soluble pentobarbitone on the 7th and the 14th days of pregnancy for once; rats in the late anesthesia group were anesthetized with 25 mg/kg soluble pentobarbitone on the 14th day of pregnancy for once; rats in the control group did not treat with anything. The time of anesthetizing was controlled in 3 to 4 hours and ether was absorbed while the time was not enough. ② Half of each group was sacrificed on day 20th of pregnancy and the fetus was taken out to be stained with alizarin red S. After stained, the fetal skeleton was examined. The learning and memorizing of one-month rats that were given birth by the rest gravid rats were tested through electric mare method. Determine their study ability according to their correct rate of 90% or above of arrival at the safe area in 20 s. After they finally learned to arrive at the safe area correctly, test them once more in 24 hours and record the correct rate of 15 times. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The rate of malformation in fetus and ability of learning and memory in one-month rats. RESULTS: A total of 80 female rats were anesthetized in this experiment. Totally 490 immature rats were tested with maze testing machine and 196 fetuses were stained with alizarin red S to observe the development of their skeleton. However, one of the 80 female rats was led to death because of overdose. ① Malformation experiment: Learning ability of second anesthesia group was evidently different from the control group while the other two groups were not in the electric mare method. The fetal skeleton malformation rate of three experimental groups was 87.0%, 60.9% and 17.9%, respectively, while it was 5.6% in the control group. ② Electric mare method: Times of rats which arrived at the safe regions were respectively 49.0±31.0, 68.0±35.0, 47.0±31.0 and 44.0±21.0 in early anesthesia group, second anesthesia group, late anesthesia group and control group; and then, there was significant difference between the second anesthesia group and the control group (P < 0.05). Exact rates of memory of rats were respectively (64.36±14.35)%, (62.15±18.33)%, (54.19±12.28)% and (68.24±15.91)% in early anesthesia group, second anesthesia group, late anesthesia group and control group; and then, there were no significant differences as compared with the control group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The influence of anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium is obvious in fetal skeleton development and learning and memory ability.
基金supporter by “Economic Effect of Postponing Retirement Age and Research on a Fair,Sustainable Pension Insurance System”(15BJY182)funded by the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)
文摘Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2011 and 2013,this paper studied the impact of retirement on male and female workers’health and its impact mechanism under the mandatory retirement age system in China by using Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design(FRDD).The results indicated that retirement increased the probability of men assessing themselves as"healthy"by 25 percentage points and lowered the probability of suffering from chronic diseases for women by 26 percentage points.In terms of mechanism analysis,it was found that the remarkable increase in social interactions after retirement was the main reason for the improvement of health for male retirees,but not the reason for the lower probability of having chronic diseases for female retirees.The findings serve as important references for formulating policies regarding postponing retirement age and flexible retirement.
文摘In this paper, we conduct research on the developmental trend of the data journalism under the current background and the time of big data. Big data is not only a concept, but also a description of a state of society： in the era of the big data, data become important social resources and production data, the news media is no exception. In the time of the data had not been so seriously, the core of the news resources is a reporter on the scene to get first-hand material, is based on the reporter can see, smell, feel the fact description, data is often only a supplementary role. However, in today＇ s era of big data, although the scene is also very important, but based on the various aspects of data mining and analysis and the depth of the formation of information has become more and more important. Our research proposes the novel paradigm for the issues that is meaningful.
文摘The paper examines the energy of electron transitions in an emission process and the time intervals necessary for that process. For simple quantum systems, the both parameters—that of energy and time—depend on the difference Δn of the quantum numbers n labelling the beginning and end state of emission. It is shown that the phase-space areas formed by products of energy and time involved in the emission can be represented as a quadratic function of Δn multiplied by the Planck constant h.
文摘Nowadays the pace of social life is very fast.TO make clear date and time is very important to everyone,especially those who are away fromhome.You need to learn ways to express date and time in Chinese.Otherwise how can you make arrangements with your Chinese friends?41.请问,今天(是)几号?Qǐngwèn,jīntiān(shǐ)jǐ hào?(May I ask,what is the date today?)In Chinese,jǐntiān.míngtiān,hòutiān and dàhòutiān are used to express today,tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,and the fourth day fromnow.jǐ(how many)is a character used in questioning the number from two to nine.If one asks the number above nine,then shí(ten)。
文摘The De Broglie’s approach to the quantum theory, when combined with the conservation rule of momentum, allows one to calculate the velocity of the electron transition from a quantum state n to its neighbouring state as a function of n. The paper shows, for the case of the harmonic oscillator taken as an example, that the De Broglie’s dependence of the transition velocity on n is equal to the n-dependence of that velocity calculated with the aid of the uncertainty principle for the energy and time. In the next step the minimal distance parameter provided by the uncertainty principle is applied in calculating the magnetic moment of the electron which effectuates its orbital motion in the magnetic field. This application gives readily the electron spin magnetic moment as well as the quantum of the magnetic flux known in superconductors as its result.
文摘A modified uncertainty principle coupling the intervals of energy and time can lead to the shortest distance attained in course of the excitation process, as well as the shortest possible time interval for that process. These lower bounds are much similar to the interval limits deduced on both the experimental and theoretical footing in the era when the Heisenberg uncertainty principle has been developed. In effect of the bounds existence, a maximal nuclear charge Ze acceptable for the Bohr atomic ion could be calculated. In the next step the velocity of electron transitions between the Bohr orbits is found to be close to the speed of light. This result provides us with the energy spectrum of transitions similar to that obtained in the Bohr’s model. A momentary force acting on the electrons in course of their transitions is estimated to be by many orders larger than a steady electrostatic force existent between the atomic electron and the nucleus.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.11674177,61322510,and 61640408)Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(Nos.16JCZDJC31000 and 14JCZDJC31300)
文摘Passively mode-locked fiber lasers （PMLFLs） could be not only used as simple and economic ultrashort pulse sources but also as an ideal platform for exploring the nonlinear dynamics of dissipative solitons such as bound solitons, soliton rains, noise-like pulses, sideband-controllable solitons, soliton resonance,
文摘We construct a set T of space-the transformations between inertial systems that are completely equivalent for explaining the experimental evidence, by starting from two empirically based assumptions: (1) The two-way velocity of light is c in all inertial systems and in all directions; (2) Time dilation effects take place with the usual relativistic factor. The Lorentz transformation is an element of T and any two elements of T differ only as to a convention regarding clock synchronization. The simplest choice is to transform time independently of space coordinates (absolute synchronization) and can be called 'inerital transformation.' When accelerations are considered the equivalence is broken and the inertial transformation emerges as closest to physical reality.
文摘China has far too many people.It’s too crowded here.And every-where I go,whether by foot,on bike or in a vehicle,I alwaysencounter a bottleneck somewhere along the line.Waiting to walk through a ticket gate to get on a train,trying to enter the metal
文摘This paper focuses on the question concerning the order of priority between authenticity and inauthenticity in Heidegger’sBeing and Time.Heidegger’s own words suggest sometimes that authenticity precedes inauthenticity,sometimes the opposite.This has given rise to a dispute,not only about exegesis,but also about the normative implication of the book.Engaging with interpreters like Dreyfus,Zimmerman,Stambaugh,andGuignon,I argue that it is problematic to assume a distinct mode of“undifferentiatedness”apart from the modes of authenticity and inauthenticity,for the model neither finds textual support nor is systematically tenable.Textual analysis shows that what Heidegger calls a“modal undifferentiatedness”does not itself constitute a distinct undifferentiated mode.Systematic examination shows that the assumption of a distinct mode of undifferentiatedness would oblige the interpreter to assume a“seed”of inauthenticity in this undifferentiatedness,which,once taken seriously,would make superfluous the distinction between undifferentiatedness and inauthent-icity.Moreover,this interpretation leaves incomprehensible how one begins to pursue authenticity.I suggest,instead,a“transformational model”of authenticity,for which philosophical understanding entails a transformation of one’s way of living.To make sense of Heidegger’s seemingly contradictory claims,I distinguish between the existential and the existentiell level of discourse.Authenticity is prior to inauthenticity at the existential level(of understanding),while inauthenticity is prior to authenticity at the existentiell level(of factical existence).I demonstrate that,thanks to a dialogue between these two levels,a global hermeneutic circle is at work in the overall project ofBeing and Time,where authentic living feeds into authentic understanding and vice versa.This makes the tension between authenticity and inauthenticity productive rather than aporetic;it also gives an idea of how the book would‘work’,in an intertwinement of two levels,for a reader as a Dasein.
文摘In this paper, we determine the frequency, energy and momentum of the primordial spherical wave at the birth of our universe, which are consistent with the fact that the total energy of our universe was created in the hot Big Bang. With this, we also indirectly demonstrate the consistency of previous works on the hypothesis of primary particles, by using their results. We obtain a hyper-high initial frequency of the spherical wave, which is not in contradiction with string theory.
文摘In this thesis,construction industries face with the major challenges are cost overruns and time delays, which have existed in most of projects, especially in developing countries. Construction projects and the environment are increasingly complex, thus it has greater demands on project managers and cost managers that deliver processes on time. However the process of construction is limited to unforeseeable and variable factors, resulting from many sources. The aim of the report is to analyze determining factors about causing budget overrun and time delays by reviewing and identifying past cases. Furthermore, the construction process is made up of three critical phases, i.e. conception, design, construction. Generally, the majority of time delays and cost overrun happen in the period of construction, where many factors are always unforeseeable, and time delays usually associate with cost overruns. （Chan and Kumaraswamy, 1997）
