Formamidinium lead iodide(FAPbI_(3))perovskite exhibits an impressive X-ray absorption coefficient and a large carrier mobility-lifetime product(μτ),making it as a highly promising candidate for X-ray detection appl...Formamidinium lead iodide(FAPbI_(3))perovskite exhibits an impressive X-ray absorption coefficient and a large carrier mobility-lifetime product(μτ),making it as a highly promising candidate for X-ray detection application.However,the presence of larger FA^(+)cation induces to an expansion of the Pb-I octahedral framework,which unfortunately affects both the stability and charge carrier mobility of the corresponding devices.To address this challenge,we develop a novel low-dimensional(HtrzT)PbI_(3) perovskite featuring a conjugated organic cation(1H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-thiol,HtrzT^(+))which matches well with theα-FAPbI_(3) lattices in two-dimensional plane.Benefiting from the matched lattice between(HtrzT)PbI_(3) andα-FAPbI_(3),the anchored lattice enhances the Pb-I bond strength and effectively mitigates the inherent tensile strain of theα-FAPbI_(3) crystal lattice.The X-ray detector based on(HtrzT)PbI_(3)(1.0)/FAPbI_(3) device achieves a remarkable sensitivity up to 1.83×10^(5)μC Gy_(air)^(−1) cm^(−2),along with a low detection limit of 27.6 nGy_(air) s^(−1),attributed to the release of residual stress,and the enhancement in carrier mobility-lifetime product.Furthermore,the detector exhibits outstanding stability under X-ray irradiation with tolerating doses equivalent to nearly 1.17×10^(6) chest imaging doses.展开更多
Urinary catheters are essential medical devices widely used for patients requiring urinary drainage,bladder irrigation,or precise urine output monitoring.Transurethral catheters with anchoring balloons are particularl...Urinary catheters are essential medical devices widely used for patients requiring urinary drainage,bladder irrigation,or precise urine output monitoring.Transurethral catheters with anchoring balloons are particularly prevalent among hospitalized patients,facilitating continuous urinary drainage.展开更多
Nickel-rich(Ni≥90%)layered oxides materials have emerged as a promising candidate for nextgeneration high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,their widespread application is hindered by structural fati...Nickel-rich(Ni≥90%)layered oxides materials have emerged as a promising candidate for nextgeneration high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,their widespread application is hindered by structural fatigue and lattice oxygen loss.In this work,an epitaxial surface rock-salt nanolayer is successfully developed on the LiNi_(0.9)Co_(0.1)O_(2)sub-surface via heteroatom anchoring utilizing high-valence element molybdenum modification.This in-situ formed conformal buffer phase with a thickness of 1.2 nm effectively suppresses the continuous interphase side-reactions,and thus maintains the excellent structure integrity at high voltage.Furthermore,theoretical calculations indicate that the lattice oxygen reversibility in the anion framework of the optimized sample is obviously enhanced due to the higher content of O 2p states near the Fermi level than that of the pristine one.Meanwhile,the stronger Mo-O bond further reduces cell volume alteration,which improves the bulk structure stability of modified materials.Besides,the detailed charge compensation mechanism suggests that the average oxidation state of Ni is reduced,which induces more active Li+participating in the redox reactions,boosting the cell energy density.As a result,the uniquely designed cathode materials exhibit an extraordinary discharge capacity of 245.4 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 C,remarkable rate performance of 169.3 mAh g^(-1)at 10 C at 4.5 V,and a high capacity retention of 70.5% after 1000 cycles in full cells at a high cut-off voltage of 4.4 V.This strategy provides an valuable insight into constructing distinctive heterostructure on highperformance Ni-rich layered cathodes for LIBs.展开更多
This study investigated the mechanical responses and debonding mechanisms of a bolt-resin-rock composite anchoring sys-tem subjected to cyclic shear loading.A systematic analysis was conducted on the effects of the in...This study investigated the mechanical responses and debonding mechanisms of a bolt-resin-rock composite anchoring sys-tem subjected to cyclic shear loading.A systematic analysis was conducted on the effects of the initial normal load(Fsd),cyclic shear dis-placement amplitude(ud),frequency(f),and rock type on the shear load,normal displacement,shear wear characteristics,and strain field evolution.The experimental results showed that as Fsd increased from 7.5 to 120 kN,both the peak and residual shear loads exhibited in-creasing trends,with increments ranging from 1.98%to 35.25%and from 32.09%to 86.74%,respectively.The maximum shear load of each cycle declined over the cyclic shear cycles,with the rate of decrease slowing and stabilizing,indicating that shear wear primarily oc-curred at the initial cyclic shear stage.During cyclic shearing,the normal displacement decreased spirally with the shear displacement,im-plying continuous shear contraction.The spiral curves display sparse upwards and dense downward trends,with later cycles dominated by dynamic sliding along the pre-existing shear rupture surface,which is particularly evident in coal.The bearing capacity of the anchoring system varies with the rock type and is governed by the coal strength in coal,resin-rock bonding in sandstone#1 and sandstone#2,com-bined resin strength and resin-rock bonding in sandstone#3(sandstone#1,sandstone#2 and sandstone#3,increasing strength order),and resin strength and bolt-resin bonding in limestone.Cyclic shear loading induces anisotropic interfacial degradation,characterized by es-calating strain concentrations and predominant resin-rock interface debonding,with the damage severity modulated by the rock type.展开更多
Electrocatalyst activity and stability demonstrate a“seesaw”relationship.Introducing vacancies(Vo)enhances the activity by improving reactant affinity and increasing accessible active sites.However,deficient or exce...Electrocatalyst activity and stability demonstrate a“seesaw”relationship.Introducing vacancies(Vo)enhances the activity by improving reactant affinity and increasing accessible active sites.However,deficient or excessive Vo reduces polysulfide adsorption and lowers catalytic stability.Herein,a novel“heteroatoms synergistic anchoring vacancies”strategy is proposed to address the trade-off between high activity and stability.Phosphorus-doped CoSe_(2)with remained rich selenium vacancies(P-CS-Vo-0.5)was synthesized by producing abundant selenium Vo followed by controlled P atom doping.Atomic-scale microstructure analysis elucidated a dynamic process of surface vacancy generation and the subsequent partial occupation of these vacancies by P atoms.Density functional theory simulations and in situ Raman tests revealed that the Se vacancies provide highly active catalytic sites,accelerating polysulfide conversion,while P incorporation effectively reduces the surface energy of Se vacancies and suppresses their inward migration,enhancing structural robustness.The battery with the optimal P-CS-Vo-0.5 separator delivers an initial discharge capacity of 1306.7 mAh g^(-1)at 0.2C,and maintain 5.04 mAh cm^(-2)at a high sulfur loading(5.7 mg cm^(-2),5.0μL mg^(-1)),achieving 95.1%capacity retention after 80 cycles.This strategy of modifying local atomic environments offers a new route to designing highly active and stable catalysts.展开更多
Memristive devices based on in-memory computing architectures offer a promising strategy for overcoming the energy bottlenecks inherent in big data systems.However,uncontrolled ion migration at the material level rema...Memristive devices based on in-memory computing architectures offer a promising strategy for overcoming the energy bottlenecks inherent in big data systems.However,uncontrolled ion migration at the material level remains a key challenge,compromising device stability and hindering practical applications.Here,we employ a chemical optimization strategy that dynamically induces the precipitation of Ag atoms under applied voltage,creating fixed atomic sites to achieve precise control over ion migration,synergistically enhancing the memory and computing capabilities of the device.Compared to unoptimized samples,the proposed device exhibits an approximately 8-fold improvement in robustness,a 3-fold enhancement in stability,high mechanical endurance,and reliable multilevel data storage capability.We further construct a device array and incorporate an efficient reservoir computing model,achieving handwritten digit recognition with an accuracy of up to 90.81%.In summary,this work proposes a dynamic Ag/Ag^(+)anchoring strategy and demonstrates a memristor-based approach that integrates storage and computation to enable energy-efficient artificial intelligence processing,offering a scalable solution for sustainable intelligence in the big data era.展开更多
The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)is a significant achievement in terms of Asia’s exploration and efforts toward regional economic integration.It integrates regional economic and trade cooperation ...The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)is a significant achievement in terms of Asia’s exploration and efforts toward regional economic integration.It integrates regional economic and trade cooperation mechanisms,demonstrates the determination and capabilities of Asian countries to promote open cooperation.展开更多
Understanding the mechanical properties of coal-rock-bolt(CRB)combinations at high strain rates and the anchoring mechanism of bolts is crucial for ensuring the safety of coal mining operations.However,the dynamic beh...Understanding the mechanical properties of coal-rock-bolt(CRB)combinations at high strain rates and the anchoring mechanism of bolts is crucial for ensuring the safety of coal mining operations.However,the dynamic behaviors of these combinations,especially the mechanism of action of prestressed bolts,still need to be further investigated.This study carried out split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)tests on three sets of coal-rock(CR),CRB,and coal-rock-prestressed bolt(CRPB)combinations with different interface angles(β=15°,30°,45°,and 60°).The dynamic properties of the combinations were analyzed based on the stress-strain curve,energy dissipation,dynamic strength,fractal dimension of cracks,and failure mode of bolts.The test results show that a larger β will affect the stress transfer and anti-sliding ability of CR,resulting in a decrease in CR strength.The anchoring force of the bolt effectively suppresses the slip feature of CRB at the yield stage.As the strain rate increases,CRB shows a more pronounced'sudden increase'in strength,and the bolt significantly enhances its dynamic strength.The prestressed bolts enhance the dynamic strength of CRPB while weaken the effect of β.The fractal dimension of the macrocracks increases with strain rate,with smaller variations in CRB and CRPB,indicating that the bolt reduces the complexity degree of CRB and CRPB.The anchoring force of CRB depends on bolt strength,which reduces the slip along the interface.The anchoring force of CRPB balances the coal-rock slip and suppresses crack formation,resulting in a more cohesive response under dynamic load.展开更多
This study investigates the shear mechanical responses and debonding failure mechanisms of anchoring systems comprising three anisotropic media and two anisotropic interfaces under controlled boundary conditions of co...This study investigates the shear mechanical responses and debonding failure mechanisms of anchoring systems comprising three anisotropic media and two anisotropic interfaces under controlled boundary conditions of constant normal load(F_(s)),constant normal stiffness(K),and shear rate(v).A systematic analysis of shear mechanical properties,the evolution of maximum principal strain field,and damage characteristics along shear failure surface is presented.Results from direct shear tests demonstrate that initial shear slip diminishes with increasing F_(s)and K,attributed to the normal constraint strengthening effect,while an increase in v enhances initial shear slip due to attenuated deformation coordination and stress transfer.As F_(s)increases from 7.5 to 120 kN,K from 0 to 12 MPa/mm,and v from 0.1 to 2 mm/min,the peak shear load increases by 210.32%and 80.16%with rising F_(s)and K,respectively,while decreases by 38.57%with increasing v.Correspondingly,the shear modulus exhibits,respectively,a 135.29%and 177.06%increase with rising F_(s)and K,and a 37.03%decrease with larger v.Initial shear dilation is identified as marking the formation of shear failure surface along anisotropic interfaces,resulting from the combined shear actions at the resin bolt interface,where resin undergoes shear by bolt surface protrusions,and the resin-rock interface,where mutual shear occurs between resin and rock.With increasing F_(s)and K and decreasing v,the location of the shear failure surface shifts from the resin-rock interface to the resin-bolt interface,accompanied by a transition in failure mode from tensile rupture of resin to shear off at the resin surface.展开更多
Rational interface engineering via regulating the anchoring groups between molecular catalysts and light-absorbing semiconductors is essential and emergent to stabilize the semiconductor/molecular complex interaction ...Rational interface engineering via regulating the anchoring groups between molecular catalysts and light-absorbing semiconductors is essential and emergent to stabilize the semiconductor/molecular complex interaction and facilitate the photocarriers transport,thus realizing highly active and stable photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting.In this mini review,following a showcasing of the fundamental details of hybrid PEC systems containing semiconductor photoelectrodes and molecular catalysts for water splitting,the state-of-the-art progress of anchoring group regulation at semiconductor/molecular complex interface for efficient and stable PEC water splitting,as well as its effect on charge transfer kinetics,are comprehensively reviewed.Finally,potential research directions aimed at building high-efficiency hybrid PEC water splitting systems are summarized.展开更多
Under external disturbances,the shear mechanical responses and debonding failure mechanisms at anisotropic interfaces of anchoring system composed of multiphase media are inherently difficult to characterize due to th...Under external disturbances,the shear mechanical responses and debonding failure mechanisms at anisotropic interfaces of anchoring system composed of multiphase media are inherently difficult to characterize due to the concealment nature of interfacial interactions.This study establishes an equivalent shear model for a bolt-resin-rock anchoring system and conducts direct shear tests under dynamic normal load(DNL)boundary from both laboratory experiments and discrete element method(DEM)simulations.The research investigates the influence of normal dynamic load amplitude(An)and rock type on shear strength parameters,elucidating the evolutionary characteristics and underlying mechanisms of shear load and normal displacement fluctuations induced by cyclic normal loading,with maximum shear load decreasing by 36.81%to 46.94%as An increases from 10%to 70%when rock type varies from coal to limestone.Through analysis of strain field evolution,the critical impact of rock type on localization of shear failure surface is revealed,with systematic summarization of differentiated wear characteristics,failure modes,and key controlling factors associated with shear failure surface.Mesoscopic investigations enabled by DEM simulations uncover the nonuniform distribution of contact force chains within the material matrix and across the anisotropic interfaces under various DNL boundaries,clarify rock type dependent crack propagation pathways,and quantitatively assess the damage extent of shear failure surface,with the anisotropic interface damage factor increasing from 34.9%to 56.6%as An rises from 10%to 70%,and decreasing from 49.6%to 23.4%as rock type varies from coal to limestone.展开更多
The development of nanomedicine that can be efficiently internalized by drug-resistant cancer cells still presents a daunting challenge due to the low uptake capacity caused by various drug resistance-related factors ...The development of nanomedicine that can be efficiently internalized by drug-resistant cancer cells still presents a daunting challenge due to the low uptake capacity caused by various drug resistance-related factors on the cell membrane.Herein,we engineered the surfaces of glycan nanocarriers with negative,neutral,and gradient positive charges,and discovered that positively charged nanocarriers can be anchored onto the cell membrane through electrostatic attraction and thus be efficiently internalized by drug-resistant cancer cells.In contrast,drug-resistant cancer cells do not readily uptake neutral or negatively charged nanocarriers.By proposing a concentric ring fluorescence coefficient(CRFC),we were able to quantify the cell membrane anchoring capabilities of the nanocarriers and found that positively charged nanocarriers have a much stronger anchoring ability toward drug-resistant cell membranes than their neutral and negatively charged counterparts.Interestingly,with the increase of positive charge,the ability of the nanocarriers to become anchored onto cell membranes was further enhanced,thus confirming that electrostatic attraction plays a crucial role in the membrane-anchoring guided cellular uptake.The method of endowing nano-objects with this charge-attracting capability towards negatively charged cell membranes to drive membrane-anchoring mediated cellular uptake illustrates its potential as a universal strategy for engineering nanocarriers to promote the uptake of nanodrugs into drug-resistant cancer cells and thus improve the therapeutic effect.展开更多
To satisfy the demands of modern society for high-energy–density sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs),Ni-rich cathode materials have gained much attention for their high capacity and energy density...To satisfy the demands of modern society for high-energy–density sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs),Ni-rich cathode materials have gained much attention for their high capacity and energy density.However,their practical deployment is hindered by accelerated interface degradation and capacity decay originating from surface oxygen release and lattice oxygen activation during prolonged cycling.In this study,Ti_(x)NbB_((1−x))C_(2)was successfully coated on the surface of LiNi_(0.94)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.01)O_(2).Density functional theory(DFT)calculations first elucidate a“point-to-point”anchoring mechanism where each surface oxygen atom coordinates with single species(Ti/Nb/B)offered by Ti_(x)NbB_((1−x))C_(2),which forms robust O–M bonds and sustain a stable interface structure.The electron energy loss spectroscopy(EELS)reveals the segregation of Ti/Nb toward subsurface layers during cycling,creating an optimized lattice oxygen coordination environment and suppressing oxygen activation.The dual oxygen stabilization mechanism dramatically improves the reversibility of phase transition and the structural stability of the Ni-rich cathode materials.Moreover,Ti_(x)NbB_((1−x))C_(2)as the protective layer decreases mechanical strain and suppresses the parasitic reactions.Consequently,the engineered cathode delivers 91%capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 0.3 C,suggesting excellent cycling stability.The research delivers a new design philosophy for the coating layer that can stabilize surface oxygen.Furthermore,the atomistic understanding of the structure–property relationship of the Ni-rich cathode materials provides valuable guidance for the future design of new cathode materials with superior structural stability in ASSLBs.展开更多
The anchoring properties of substrate with a grating surface are investigated analytically. The alignment of nematic liquid crystal （NLC） in a grating surface originates from two mechanisms, thus the anchoring energ...The anchoring properties of substrate with a grating surface are investigated analytically. The alignment of nematic liquid crystal （NLC） in a grating surface originates from two mechanisms, thus the anchoring energy consists of two parts. One originates from the interaction potential between NLC molecules and the molecules on the substrate surface, and the other stems from the increased elastic strain energy. Based on the two mechanisms, the expression of anchoring energy per unit area of a projected plane of this grating surface is deduced and called the equivalent anchoring energy formula. Both the strength and the easy direction of equivalent anchoring energy are a function of the geometrical parameters （amplitude and pitch） of a grating surface. By using this formula, the grating surface can be replaced by its projected plane and its anchoring properties can be described by the equivalent anchoring energy formula.展开更多
Zhang Y J et al.[Zhang Y J,Zhang Z D,Zhu L Z and Xuan L 2011 Liquid Cryst.38 355] investigated the effects of finite polar anchoring on the azimuthal anchoring energy at a grooved interface,in which polar anchoring wa...Zhang Y J et al.[Zhang Y J,Zhang Z D,Zhu L Z and Xuan L 2011 Liquid Cryst.38 355] investigated the effects of finite polar anchoring on the azimuthal anchoring energy at a grooved interface,in which polar anchoring was isotropic in the local tangent plane of the surface.In this paper,we investigate the effects of both isotropic and anisotropic polar anchoring on the surface anchoring energy in the frame of Fukuda et al.’s theory.The results show that anisotropic polar anchoring strengthens the azimuthal anchoring of grooved surfaces.In the one-elastic-constant approximation（K11 = K22 = K33 = K）,the surface-groove-induced azimuthal anchoring energy is entirely consistent with the result of Faetti,and it reduces to the original result of Berreman with an increase in polar anchoring.Moreover,the contribution of the surface-like elastic term to the Rapini-Papoular anchoring energy is zero.展开更多
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)anchoring represents a fundamental post-translational modification in eukaryotic cells.In fungi,this modification facilitates diverse biological functions through protein targeting to ...Glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)anchoring represents a fundamental post-translational modification in eukaryotic cells.In fungi,this modification facilitates diverse biological functions through protein targeting to the cell wall,yet research on its roles in plant pathogenic fungi remains limited.This study elucidates the function of GPI anchoring in the maize fungal pathogen Cochlibolus heterostrophus.The research demonstrates widespread accumulation of GPI-anchored proteins in hyphae,appressorium and infection hyphae of C.heterostrophus.Deletion of ChGPI7,encoding a crucial enzyme in GPI anchor biosynthesis,substantially reduced vegetative growth,conidiation,and virulence through impaired appressorium formation and invasive growth.The ΔChgpi7 mutants exhibited marked deficiencies in cell wall integrity,leading to decreased stress resistance.Both ChGPI7 deletion and hydro fluoric acid(HF)pyridine treatment eliminated cell wall GPI-anchored proteins and exposed chitin,indicating that GPI-anchored proteins shield chitin from host immune recognition.Analysis identified 124 predicted GPI-anchored proteins in C.heterostrophus,including the putative cell wall glycoprotein ChFEM1.The deletion of ChFEM1 similarly reduced virulence and compromised infection structures and cell wall integrity.Additionally,ChGPI7 influenced both the cell wall localization and protein abundance of ChFEM1.These findings demonstrate that GPI anchoring mediates cell wall integrity and immune evasion during C.heterostrophus infection.展开更多
The anchoring eccentricity of the bolt and cable bolt is a common problem in geotechnical support engineering and affects the ability of the bolt and cable bolt to control the rock mass to a certain extent.This paper ...The anchoring eccentricity of the bolt and cable bolt is a common problem in geotechnical support engineering and affects the ability of the bolt and cable bolt to control the rock mass to a certain extent.This paper reports on numerical simulation and laboratory experiments conducted to clarify the effect of eccentricity on the anchoring quality of the bolt and cable bolt,and to establish an effective solution strategy.The results reveal that the anchoring eccentricity causes unbalanced stress distribution and the uncoordinated deformation of the resin layer,which results in higher stress and greater deformation of the resin layer at the near side of the rod body.Additionally,as the degree of anchoring eccentricity increases,the effect becomes more significant,and the resin layer of the anchoring system becomes more likely to undergo preferential failure locally,which weakens the load-bearing performance of the anchoring system.This paper develops an innovative bolt anchoring rectifying device(B-ARD)and cable bolt anchoring rectifying device(C-ARD)on the basis of the structural characteristics of the bolt and cable bolt to better ensure the anchoring effect of them.The working effects of these two devices were verified in detailed experiments and analysis.The experimental results show that the anchoring rectifying devices(ARD)improve and ensure the anchoring concentricity of the bolt and cable bolt,which will help improve the supporting performance of them.The paper provides a convenient and effective method for improving the anchoring concentricity of the bolt and cable bolt,and provides a concept and reference for technical research on improving the effect of roof bolting.展开更多
The model test result of earth force in the side of anti-slide pile of anchor bars was introduced.There are three groups of the tests.The loads were on the back side of the slope in two groups.The other one was loaded...The model test result of earth force in the side of anti-slide pile of anchor bars was introduced.There are three groups of the tests.The loads were on the back side of the slope in two groups.The other one was loaded just behind the pile by the jack.In order to get the force of the soil,some earth-pressure boxes were used to get the earth pressure on the side of the piles.The part of the max pressure and the earth pressure was mainly focused under the slip line展开更多
Dynamic load on anchoring structures(AS)within deep roadways can result in cumulative damage and failure.This study develops an experimental device designed to test AS under triaxial loads.The device enables the inves...Dynamic load on anchoring structures(AS)within deep roadways can result in cumulative damage and failure.This study develops an experimental device designed to test AS under triaxial loads.The device enables the investigation of the mechanical response,failure mode,instability assessment criteria,and anchorage effect of AS subjected to combined cyclic dynamic-static triaxial stress paths.The results show that the peak bearing strength is positively correlated with the anchoring matrix strength,anchorage length,and edgewise compressive strength.The bearing capacity decreases significantly when the anchorage direction is severely inclined.The free face failure modes are typically transverse cracking,concave fracturing,V-shaped slipping and detachment,and spallation detachment.Besides,when the anchoring matrix strength and the anchorage length decrease while the edgewise compressive strength,loading rate,and anchorage inclination angle increase,the failure intensity rises.Instability is determined by a negative tangent modulus of the displacement-strength curve or the continued deformation increase against the general downward trend.Under cyclic loads,the driving force that breaks the rock mass along the normal vector and the rigidity of the AS are the two factors that determine roadway stability.Finally,a control measure for surrounding rock stability is proposed to reduce the internal driving force via a pressure relief method and improve the rigidity of the AS by full-length anchorage and grouting modification.展开更多
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22375220,U2001214,22471302)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024B1515020101)Open Project Fund from State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies(OEMT-2024-KF-08).
文摘Formamidinium lead iodide(FAPbI_(3))perovskite exhibits an impressive X-ray absorption coefficient and a large carrier mobility-lifetime product(μτ),making it as a highly promising candidate for X-ray detection application.However,the presence of larger FA^(+)cation induces to an expansion of the Pb-I octahedral framework,which unfortunately affects both the stability and charge carrier mobility of the corresponding devices.To address this challenge,we develop a novel low-dimensional(HtrzT)PbI_(3) perovskite featuring a conjugated organic cation(1H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-thiol,HtrzT^(+))which matches well with theα-FAPbI_(3) lattices in two-dimensional plane.Benefiting from the matched lattice between(HtrzT)PbI_(3) andα-FAPbI_(3),the anchored lattice enhances the Pb-I bond strength and effectively mitigates the inherent tensile strain of theα-FAPbI_(3) crystal lattice.The X-ray detector based on(HtrzT)PbI_(3)(1.0)/FAPbI_(3) device achieves a remarkable sensitivity up to 1.83×10^(5)μC Gy_(air)^(−1) cm^(−2),along with a low detection limit of 27.6 nGy_(air) s^(−1),attributed to the release of residual stress,and the enhancement in carrier mobility-lifetime product.Furthermore,the detector exhibits outstanding stability under X-ray irradiation with tolerating doses equivalent to nearly 1.17×10^(6) chest imaging doses.
文摘Urinary catheters are essential medical devices widely used for patients requiring urinary drainage,bladder irrigation,or precise urine output monitoring.Transurethral catheters with anchoring balloons are particularly prevalent among hospitalized patients,facilitating continuous urinary drainage.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52202228,52402298)funded by the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(No.BJK2022011)+3 种基金the Central Funds Guiding the Local Science and Technology Development of Hebei Province(No.236Z4404G)the Beijing Tianjin Hebei Basic Research Cooperation Special Project(No.E2024202273)the Science and Technology Correspondent Project of Tianjin(24YDTPJC00240)supported by the U.S.Department of Energy’s Office of Science,Office of Basic Energy Science,Materials Sciences and Engineering Division。
文摘Nickel-rich(Ni≥90%)layered oxides materials have emerged as a promising candidate for nextgeneration high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,their widespread application is hindered by structural fatigue and lattice oxygen loss.In this work,an epitaxial surface rock-salt nanolayer is successfully developed on the LiNi_(0.9)Co_(0.1)O_(2)sub-surface via heteroatom anchoring utilizing high-valence element molybdenum modification.This in-situ formed conformal buffer phase with a thickness of 1.2 nm effectively suppresses the continuous interphase side-reactions,and thus maintains the excellent structure integrity at high voltage.Furthermore,theoretical calculations indicate that the lattice oxygen reversibility in the anion framework of the optimized sample is obviously enhanced due to the higher content of O 2p states near the Fermi level than that of the pristine one.Meanwhile,the stronger Mo-O bond further reduces cell volume alteration,which improves the bulk structure stability of modified materials.Besides,the detailed charge compensation mechanism suggests that the average oxidation state of Ni is reduced,which induces more active Li+participating in the redox reactions,boosting the cell energy density.As a result,the uniquely designed cathode materials exhibit an extraordinary discharge capacity of 245.4 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 C,remarkable rate performance of 169.3 mAh g^(-1)at 10 C at 4.5 V,and a high capacity retention of 70.5% after 1000 cycles in full cells at a high cut-off voltage of 4.4 V.This strategy provides an valuable insight into constructing distinctive heterostructure on highperformance Ni-rich layered cathodes for LIBs.
基金The financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52174092,42472338,and 51904290)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(No.BK20220157)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2022YCPY0202)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Safety and High-efficiency Coal Mining,Ministry of Education(Anhui University of Science and Technology)(No.JYBSYS202311)。
文摘This study investigated the mechanical responses and debonding mechanisms of a bolt-resin-rock composite anchoring sys-tem subjected to cyclic shear loading.A systematic analysis was conducted on the effects of the initial normal load(Fsd),cyclic shear dis-placement amplitude(ud),frequency(f),and rock type on the shear load,normal displacement,shear wear characteristics,and strain field evolution.The experimental results showed that as Fsd increased from 7.5 to 120 kN,both the peak and residual shear loads exhibited in-creasing trends,with increments ranging from 1.98%to 35.25%and from 32.09%to 86.74%,respectively.The maximum shear load of each cycle declined over the cyclic shear cycles,with the rate of decrease slowing and stabilizing,indicating that shear wear primarily oc-curred at the initial cyclic shear stage.During cyclic shearing,the normal displacement decreased spirally with the shear displacement,im-plying continuous shear contraction.The spiral curves display sparse upwards and dense downward trends,with later cycles dominated by dynamic sliding along the pre-existing shear rupture surface,which is particularly evident in coal.The bearing capacity of the anchoring system varies with the rock type and is governed by the coal strength in coal,resin-rock bonding in sandstone#1 and sandstone#2,com-bined resin strength and resin-rock bonding in sandstone#3(sandstone#1,sandstone#2 and sandstone#3,increasing strength order),and resin strength and bolt-resin bonding in limestone.Cyclic shear loading induces anisotropic interfacial degradation,characterized by es-calating strain concentrations and predominant resin-rock interface debonding,with the damage severity modulated by the rock type.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1602700 and 2022YFB2502104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22375089)the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology of China(BE2022332).
文摘Electrocatalyst activity and stability demonstrate a“seesaw”relationship.Introducing vacancies(Vo)enhances the activity by improving reactant affinity and increasing accessible active sites.However,deficient or excessive Vo reduces polysulfide adsorption and lowers catalytic stability.Herein,a novel“heteroatoms synergistic anchoring vacancies”strategy is proposed to address the trade-off between high activity and stability.Phosphorus-doped CoSe_(2)with remained rich selenium vacancies(P-CS-Vo-0.5)was synthesized by producing abundant selenium Vo followed by controlled P atom doping.Atomic-scale microstructure analysis elucidated a dynamic process of surface vacancy generation and the subsequent partial occupation of these vacancies by P atoms.Density functional theory simulations and in situ Raman tests revealed that the Se vacancies provide highly active catalytic sites,accelerating polysulfide conversion,while P incorporation effectively reduces the surface energy of Se vacancies and suppresses their inward migration,enhancing structural robustness.The battery with the optimal P-CS-Vo-0.5 separator delivers an initial discharge capacity of 1306.7 mAh g^(-1)at 0.2C,and maintain 5.04 mAh cm^(-2)at a high sulfur loading(5.7 mg cm^(-2),5.0μL mg^(-1)),achieving 95.1%capacity retention after 80 cycles.This strategy of modifying local atomic environments offers a new route to designing highly active and stable catalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,no.61804063)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(nos.YDZJ202401307ZYTS and 20220201070GX)。
文摘Memristive devices based on in-memory computing architectures offer a promising strategy for overcoming the energy bottlenecks inherent in big data systems.However,uncontrolled ion migration at the material level remains a key challenge,compromising device stability and hindering practical applications.Here,we employ a chemical optimization strategy that dynamically induces the precipitation of Ag atoms under applied voltage,creating fixed atomic sites to achieve precise control over ion migration,synergistically enhancing the memory and computing capabilities of the device.Compared to unoptimized samples,the proposed device exhibits an approximately 8-fold improvement in robustness,a 3-fold enhancement in stability,high mechanical endurance,and reliable multilevel data storage capability.We further construct a device array and incorporate an efficient reservoir computing model,achieving handwritten digit recognition with an accuracy of up to 90.81%.In summary,this work proposes a dynamic Ag/Ag^(+)anchoring strategy and demonstrates a memristor-based approach that integrates storage and computation to enable energy-efficient artificial intelligence processing,offering a scalable solution for sustainable intelligence in the big data era.
文摘The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)is a significant achievement in terms of Asia’s exploration and efforts toward regional economic integration.It integrates regional economic and trade cooperation mechanisms,demonstrates the determination and capabilities of Asian countries to promote open cooperation.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52374119)the Province Education Department of Liaoning(Grant No.LJ212410146068)the opening fund of State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring and Protecting of Rail Transit Infrastructure,East China Jiaotong University(Grant No.HJGZ2023103).
文摘Understanding the mechanical properties of coal-rock-bolt(CRB)combinations at high strain rates and the anchoring mechanism of bolts is crucial for ensuring the safety of coal mining operations.However,the dynamic behaviors of these combinations,especially the mechanism of action of prestressed bolts,still need to be further investigated.This study carried out split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)tests on three sets of coal-rock(CR),CRB,and coal-rock-prestressed bolt(CRPB)combinations with different interface angles(β=15°,30°,45°,and 60°).The dynamic properties of the combinations were analyzed based on the stress-strain curve,energy dissipation,dynamic strength,fractal dimension of cracks,and failure mode of bolts.The test results show that a larger β will affect the stress transfer and anti-sliding ability of CR,resulting in a decrease in CR strength.The anchoring force of the bolt effectively suppresses the slip feature of CRB at the yield stage.As the strain rate increases,CRB shows a more pronounced'sudden increase'in strength,and the bolt significantly enhances its dynamic strength.The prestressed bolts enhance the dynamic strength of CRPB while weaken the effect of β.The fractal dimension of the macrocracks increases with strain rate,with smaller variations in CRB and CRPB,indicating that the bolt reduces the complexity degree of CRB and CRPB.The anchoring force of CRB depends on bolt strength,which reduces the slip along the interface.The anchoring force of CRPB balances the coal-rock slip and suppresses crack formation,resulting in a more cohesive response under dynamic load.
基金Projects(52174092,42472338,51904290)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(BK20220157)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,ChinaProject(2022YCPY0202)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
文摘This study investigates the shear mechanical responses and debonding failure mechanisms of anchoring systems comprising three anisotropic media and two anisotropic interfaces under controlled boundary conditions of constant normal load(F_(s)),constant normal stiffness(K),and shear rate(v).A systematic analysis of shear mechanical properties,the evolution of maximum principal strain field,and damage characteristics along shear failure surface is presented.Results from direct shear tests demonstrate that initial shear slip diminishes with increasing F_(s)and K,attributed to the normal constraint strengthening effect,while an increase in v enhances initial shear slip due to attenuated deformation coordination and stress transfer.As F_(s)increases from 7.5 to 120 kN,K from 0 to 12 MPa/mm,and v from 0.1 to 2 mm/min,the peak shear load increases by 210.32%and 80.16%with rising F_(s)and K,respectively,while decreases by 38.57%with increasing v.Correspondingly,the shear modulus exhibits,respectively,a 135.29%and 177.06%increase with rising F_(s)and K,and a 37.03%decrease with larger v.Initial shear dilation is identified as marking the formation of shear failure surface along anisotropic interfaces,resulting from the combined shear actions at the resin bolt interface,where resin undergoes shear by bolt surface protrusions,and the resin-rock interface,where mutual shear occurs between resin and rock.With increasing F_(s)and K and decreasing v,the location of the shear failure surface shifts from the resin-rock interface to the resin-bolt interface,accompanied by a transition in failure mode from tensile rupture of resin to shear off at the resin surface.
基金support of the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2023-JC-QN-0415)the Special Project on Functional Materials from Shaanxi Provincial Department of Finance(0801YC2305)+1 种基金the Talent Project from Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research(YK2310)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52225606 and 52304334).
文摘Rational interface engineering via regulating the anchoring groups between molecular catalysts and light-absorbing semiconductors is essential and emergent to stabilize the semiconductor/molecular complex interaction and facilitate the photocarriers transport,thus realizing highly active and stable photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting.In this mini review,following a showcasing of the fundamental details of hybrid PEC systems containing semiconductor photoelectrodes and molecular catalysts for water splitting,the state-of-the-art progress of anchoring group regulation at semiconductor/molecular complex interface for efficient and stable PEC water splitting,as well as its effect on charge transfer kinetics,are comprehensively reviewed.Finally,potential research directions aimed at building high-efficiency hybrid PEC water splitting systems are summarized.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51504247,52174092,51904290,and 52074259)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(No.BK20220157)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2022YCPY0202)the China University of Mining and Technology(CUMT)Open Sharing Fund for Large-scale Instruments and Equipment(No.DYGX-2025-47)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Under external disturbances,the shear mechanical responses and debonding failure mechanisms at anisotropic interfaces of anchoring system composed of multiphase media are inherently difficult to characterize due to the concealment nature of interfacial interactions.This study establishes an equivalent shear model for a bolt-resin-rock anchoring system and conducts direct shear tests under dynamic normal load(DNL)boundary from both laboratory experiments and discrete element method(DEM)simulations.The research investigates the influence of normal dynamic load amplitude(An)and rock type on shear strength parameters,elucidating the evolutionary characteristics and underlying mechanisms of shear load and normal displacement fluctuations induced by cyclic normal loading,with maximum shear load decreasing by 36.81%to 46.94%as An increases from 10%to 70%when rock type varies from coal to limestone.Through analysis of strain field evolution,the critical impact of rock type on localization of shear failure surface is revealed,with systematic summarization of differentiated wear characteristics,failure modes,and key controlling factors associated with shear failure surface.Mesoscopic investigations enabled by DEM simulations uncover the nonuniform distribution of contact force chains within the material matrix and across the anisotropic interfaces under various DNL boundaries,clarify rock type dependent crack propagation pathways,and quantitatively assess the damage extent of shear failure surface,with the anisotropic interface damage factor increasing from 34.9%to 56.6%as An rises from 10%to 70%,and decreasing from 49.6%to 23.4%as rock type varies from coal to limestone.
基金the Shanghai Science and Technology Plan Project(No.25J22800600)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFE0100600)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21871180)the Tracking Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at the Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning(No.SHDP201802)the Open Project of Translational Medicine of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Nos.TMSK-2021-108,and TMSK-2021-305)STAR Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(No.20240303)Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2030 Initiative.The authors also wish to thank the Instrumental Analysis Center(IAC)at Shanghai Jiao Tong University for providing measurements to support our experiments.
文摘The development of nanomedicine that can be efficiently internalized by drug-resistant cancer cells still presents a daunting challenge due to the low uptake capacity caused by various drug resistance-related factors on the cell membrane.Herein,we engineered the surfaces of glycan nanocarriers with negative,neutral,and gradient positive charges,and discovered that positively charged nanocarriers can be anchored onto the cell membrane through electrostatic attraction and thus be efficiently internalized by drug-resistant cancer cells.In contrast,drug-resistant cancer cells do not readily uptake neutral or negatively charged nanocarriers.By proposing a concentric ring fluorescence coefficient(CRFC),we were able to quantify the cell membrane anchoring capabilities of the nanocarriers and found that positively charged nanocarriers have a much stronger anchoring ability toward drug-resistant cell membranes than their neutral and negatively charged counterparts.Interestingly,with the increase of positive charge,the ability of the nanocarriers to become anchored onto cell membranes was further enhanced,thus confirming that electrostatic attraction plays a crucial role in the membrane-anchoring guided cellular uptake.The method of endowing nano-objects with this charge-attracting capability towards negatively charged cell membranes to drive membrane-anchoring mediated cellular uptake illustrates its potential as a universal strategy for engineering nanocarriers to promote the uptake of nanodrugs into drug-resistant cancer cells and thus improve the therapeutic effect.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21203008,21975025,12274025,22372008,and 22179007)Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(ZDYF2021SHFZ232 and ZDYF2023GXJS022)Hainan Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation(300333)。
文摘To satisfy the demands of modern society for high-energy–density sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs),Ni-rich cathode materials have gained much attention for their high capacity and energy density.However,their practical deployment is hindered by accelerated interface degradation and capacity decay originating from surface oxygen release and lattice oxygen activation during prolonged cycling.In this study,Ti_(x)NbB_((1−x))C_(2)was successfully coated on the surface of LiNi_(0.94)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.01)O_(2).Density functional theory(DFT)calculations first elucidate a“point-to-point”anchoring mechanism where each surface oxygen atom coordinates with single species(Ti/Nb/B)offered by Ti_(x)NbB_((1−x))C_(2),which forms robust O–M bonds and sustain a stable interface structure.The electron energy loss spectroscopy(EELS)reveals the segregation of Ti/Nb toward subsurface layers during cycling,creating an optimized lattice oxygen coordination environment and suppressing oxygen activation.The dual oxygen stabilization mechanism dramatically improves the reversibility of phase transition and the structural stability of the Ni-rich cathode materials.Moreover,Ti_(x)NbB_((1−x))C_(2)as the protective layer decreases mechanical strain and suppresses the parasitic reactions.Consequently,the engineered cathode delivers 91%capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 0.3 C,suggesting excellent cycling stability.The research delivers a new design philosophy for the coating layer that can stabilize surface oxygen.Furthermore,the atomistic understanding of the structure–property relationship of the Ni-rich cathode materials provides valuable guidance for the future design of new cathode materials with superior structural stability in ASSLBs.
文摘The anchoring properties of substrate with a grating surface are investigated analytically. The alignment of nematic liquid crystal （NLC） in a grating surface originates from two mechanisms, thus the anchoring energy consists of two parts. One originates from the interaction potential between NLC molecules and the molecules on the substrate surface, and the other stems from the increased elastic strain energy. Based on the two mechanisms, the expression of anchoring energy per unit area of a projected plane of this grating surface is deduced and called the equivalent anchoring energy formula. Both the strength and the easy direction of equivalent anchoring energy are a function of the geometrical parameters （amplitude and pitch） of a grating surface. By using this formula, the grating surface can be replaced by its projected plane and its anchoring properties can be described by the equivalent anchoring energy formula.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China (Grant No. A2010000004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60736042)the Key Subject Construction Project of Hebei Provincial University,China
文摘Zhang Y J et al.[Zhang Y J,Zhang Z D,Zhu L Z and Xuan L 2011 Liquid Cryst.38 355] investigated the effects of finite polar anchoring on the azimuthal anchoring energy at a grooved interface,in which polar anchoring was isotropic in the local tangent plane of the surface.In this paper,we investigate the effects of both isotropic and anisotropic polar anchoring on the surface anchoring energy in the frame of Fukuda et al.’s theory.The results show that anisotropic polar anchoring strengthens the azimuthal anchoring of grooved surfaces.In the one-elastic-constant approximation（K11 = K22 = K33 = K）,the surface-groove-induced azimuthal anchoring energy is entirely consistent with the result of Faetti,and it reduces to the original result of Berreman with an increase in polar anchoring.Moreover,the contribution of the surface-like elastic term to the Rapini-Papoular anchoring energy is zero.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(2021ZKPY007).
文摘Glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)anchoring represents a fundamental post-translational modification in eukaryotic cells.In fungi,this modification facilitates diverse biological functions through protein targeting to the cell wall,yet research on its roles in plant pathogenic fungi remains limited.This study elucidates the function of GPI anchoring in the maize fungal pathogen Cochlibolus heterostrophus.The research demonstrates widespread accumulation of GPI-anchored proteins in hyphae,appressorium and infection hyphae of C.heterostrophus.Deletion of ChGPI7,encoding a crucial enzyme in GPI anchor biosynthesis,substantially reduced vegetative growth,conidiation,and virulence through impaired appressorium formation and invasive growth.The ΔChgpi7 mutants exhibited marked deficiencies in cell wall integrity,leading to decreased stress resistance.Both ChGPI7 deletion and hydro fluoric acid(HF)pyridine treatment eliminated cell wall GPI-anchored proteins and exposed chitin,indicating that GPI-anchored proteins shield chitin from host immune recognition.Analysis identified 124 predicted GPI-anchored proteins in C.heterostrophus,including the putative cell wall glycoprotein ChFEM1.The deletion of ChFEM1 similarly reduced virulence and compromised infection structures and cell wall integrity.Additionally,ChGPI7 influenced both the cell wall localization and protein abundance of ChFEM1.These findings demonstrate that GPI anchoring mediates cell wall integrity and immune evasion during C.heterostrophus infection.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074102)Foundation for Distinguished Young Talents in Higher Education of Henan(No.212300410006)+1 种基金Foundation for the Science and Technology Innovation Talents Project of Universities in Henan(No.22HASTIT010)Special Funds for Fundamental Scientific Research Expenses of Universities in Henan(No.NSFRF210202).
文摘The anchoring eccentricity of the bolt and cable bolt is a common problem in geotechnical support engineering and affects the ability of the bolt and cable bolt to control the rock mass to a certain extent.This paper reports on numerical simulation and laboratory experiments conducted to clarify the effect of eccentricity on the anchoring quality of the bolt and cable bolt,and to establish an effective solution strategy.The results reveal that the anchoring eccentricity causes unbalanced stress distribution and the uncoordinated deformation of the resin layer,which results in higher stress and greater deformation of the resin layer at the near side of the rod body.Additionally,as the degree of anchoring eccentricity increases,the effect becomes more significant,and the resin layer of the anchoring system becomes more likely to undergo preferential failure locally,which weakens the load-bearing performance of the anchoring system.This paper develops an innovative bolt anchoring rectifying device(B-ARD)and cable bolt anchoring rectifying device(C-ARD)on the basis of the structural characteristics of the bolt and cable bolt to better ensure the anchoring effect of them.The working effects of these two devices were verified in detailed experiments and analysis.The experimental results show that the anchoring rectifying devices(ARD)improve and ensure the anchoring concentricity of the bolt and cable bolt,which will help improve the supporting performance of them.The paper provides a convenient and effective method for improving the anchoring concentricity of the bolt and cable bolt,and provides a concept and reference for technical research on improving the effect of roof bolting.
文摘The model test result of earth force in the side of anti-slide pile of anchor bars was introduced.There are three groups of the tests.The loads were on the back side of the slope in two groups.The other one was loaded just behind the pile by the jack.In order to get the force of the soil,some earth-pressure boxes were used to get the earth pressure on the side of the piles.The part of the max pressure and the earth pressure was mainly focused under the slip line
基金This paper is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52074263 and 52034007)the Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.KYCX21_2332).
文摘Dynamic load on anchoring structures(AS)within deep roadways can result in cumulative damage and failure.This study develops an experimental device designed to test AS under triaxial loads.The device enables the investigation of the mechanical response,failure mode,instability assessment criteria,and anchorage effect of AS subjected to combined cyclic dynamic-static triaxial stress paths.The results show that the peak bearing strength is positively correlated with the anchoring matrix strength,anchorage length,and edgewise compressive strength.The bearing capacity decreases significantly when the anchorage direction is severely inclined.The free face failure modes are typically transverse cracking,concave fracturing,V-shaped slipping and detachment,and spallation detachment.Besides,when the anchoring matrix strength and the anchorage length decrease while the edgewise compressive strength,loading rate,and anchorage inclination angle increase,the failure intensity rises.Instability is determined by a negative tangent modulus of the displacement-strength curve or the continued deformation increase against the general downward trend.Under cyclic loads,the driving force that breaks the rock mass along the normal vector and the rigidity of the AS are the two factors that determine roadway stability.Finally,a control measure for surrounding rock stability is proposed to reduce the internal driving force via a pressure relief method and improve the rigidity of the AS by full-length anchorage and grouting modification.
