Salt stress is a critical factor affecting the growth and yield of rice.Egypt,the largest rice producer in North Africa and the Middle East,is facing contrasting challenges related to salinity in its agroecosystems.In...Salt stress is a critical factor affecting the growth and yield of rice.Egypt,the largest rice producer in North Africa and the Middle East,is facing contrasting challenges related to salinity in its agroecosystems.In this study,we compared the salt-induced responses among three rice varieties:Giza 176(Egyptian variety),Kaituodao(Chinese variety),and Pokkali(Sri Lanka variety,used as control)under normal and saline stress(100 mmol/L NaCl)conditions at two seedling stages through RNA-seq expression analysis.Giza 176 displayed a salt tolerance score of 7 on the SES(Standard Evaluation Score).Its transcriptome showed dynamic changes,with the number of upregulated genes increasing from 180 to 735,and downregulated genes increasing from 918 to 2930 from the one-week to two-week stress stages,with activated pathways in ion transport,reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging,and protein biosynthesis.展开更多
Acute respiratory tract infections(ARTIs)are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide.Human adenovirus(HAdV)infections are estimated to account for at least 5%of pediatric ARTIs.The ci...Acute respiratory tract infections(ARTIs)are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide.Human adenovirus(HAdV)infections are estimated to account for at least 5%of pediatric ARTIs.The circulated genotypes of HAdV and the correlation between genotype and clinical manifestations in Wuhan,China,before and after the complete relaxation of nonpharmaceutical interventions against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,remain unknown.Here,101 HAdV strains were isolated from throat swab samples collected from hospitalized children with ARTIs who tested positive for HAdV nucleic acid.Of these,sixty-six strains from 2022 to twenty-three strains from 2023 were successfully genotyped and subjected to phylogenetic analysis based on the hexon,penton base,and fiber genes.Six genotypes,B3,C1,C2,C5,C104,and C108 were identified.HAdV-B3(84.85%)was the most prevalent type in 2022,while HAdV-C(86.96%),including C1,C2,C108,and C104,was the most prevalent in 2023.These strains were phylogenetically related to strains from Japan,China,and the United States in recent years.When comparing clinical characteristics,pediatric patients infected with B3,C1,C2,C5,C104,or C108 exhibited similar clinical manifestations,primarily fever and cough,but varying interleukin(IL)-10 levels.In conclusion,from June 2022 to September 2023,the circulated genotypes of HAdV in Wuhan included B3,C1,C2,C108,C5,and C104.The endemic pattern of HAdV in Wuhan,China,shifted from species B as the dominant type in 2022 to species C in 2023.展开更多
Sagittaria trifolia L.is a perennial aquatic herb that primarily reproduces clonally and through generative propagation.In recent years,S.trifolia has evolved a drastic resistance to acetohydroxy acid synthase(AHAS)-i...Sagittaria trifolia L.is a perennial aquatic herb that primarily reproduces clonally and through generative propagation.In recent years,S.trifolia has evolved a drastic resistance to acetohydroxy acid synthase(AHAS)-inhibiting herbicides in Northeast China.The phylogeographic patterns of S.trifolia with 31 purified resistance genotypes and five sensitive genotypes using chloroplast DNA(cpDNA)atpB-rbcL intergenic spacers were studied.Five haplotypes were characterized,and two of them were widely distributed in 36 genotypes.The dose response to bensulfuron-methyl showed that the GR50 ranged from 2.07 g a.i.·hm^(-2) to 220.15 g a.i.·hm^(-2).Sequencing of the AHAS gene indicated that 17 genotypes with the Pro197 mutation were distributed in haplotype 1,six genotypes with the Trp574 mutation were distributed in haplotype 3,and 13 genotypes with the wild AHAS gene were distributed in haplotypes 2,4 and 5.In the minimum-spanning network,the ancestral haplotypes 1 and 2 were widely distributed.Two primary clades were separated in the Bayes tree,and the result was consistent with the maximum likelihood tree.展开更多
[Objectivc] This study aimed to investigate the chilling tolerance of seedlings of different cotton genotypes and screen appropriate indicators for assess- ing chilling tolerance, to establish reliable mathematical ev...[Objectivc] This study aimed to investigate the chilling tolerance of seedlings of different cotton genotypes and screen appropriate indicators for assess- ing chilling tolerance, to establish reliable mathematical evaluation model for chilling tolerance of cotton, thus providing theoretical basis for breeding and promoting new chilling-tolerant cotton germplasms and large-scale evaluation of chilling tolerance of cotton varieties. [Method] Fifteen cotton varieties （lines） were used as experimental materials. The photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence ki- netic parameters, chlorophyll content, relative soluble sugar content, malonaldehyde content, relative proiine content, relative conductivity and other 12 physiological indi- cators of seedling leaves under low temperature treatment （5 ℃, 12 h） and recovery treatment （25 ℃. 24 h） were determined; based on the chilling tolerance coefficient （CTC） of various individual indicators, the comprehensive evaluation of chilling toler- ance was conducled by using principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster anal- ysis and stepwise regression analysis. [Result] The results showed that the 12 indi- vidual physiological indicators could be classified into 7 independent comprehensive components by principal component analysis; 15 cotton varieties （lines） were clus- tered into three categories by using membership function method and hierarchical cluster analysis; the mathematical model for evaluating chilling tolerance of cotton seedlings was established： D =0.275 -0.244Fo1 ＋0.206Fv/Fm1＋0.326g,%-0.056SS ＋ 0.225MDA＋O.O38REC （FF=0.995）, and the evaluation accuracy of the equation was higher than 94.25%,0. Six identification indicators closely related to chilling tolerance were screened, including Fo,, Fv/Fm1, Seedling leaves of cotton varieties （lines） gs2, SS, MDA, and REC. [Conclusion] with high chilling tolerance are less dam- aged under low temperature stress, and are able to maintain relatively high photo- synthetic electron transport capacity and high stomatal conductance after recovery treatment, which is contributed to gas exchange and recovery of photosynthetic ca- pacity. Determination of the six indicators under the same stress condition can be adopted for rapid identification and prediction of the chilling tolerance of other cotton varieties, which provides basis for the breeding, promotion, identification and screen- ing of chilling tolerant germplasms.展开更多
With 12 Vicia faba L. varieties of different genotypes as the research ma- terials, the contents of 9 kinds of quality factors of protein, fat, free amino acid as well as beneficial mineral elements were analyzed with...With 12 Vicia faba L. varieties of different genotypes as the research ma- terials, the contents of 9 kinds of quality factors of protein, fat, free amino acid as well as beneficial mineral elements were analyzed with the aim to provide the nec- essary theoretical basis for the selection of new varieties of high quality faba beans. The results showed that in the faba beans of different genotypes, the protein content ranged from 27.9% to 31.2%, fat content of 1.2-1.4%, tannin content of 4 700-5 280 mg/kg, iron content of 47.45-67.15 mgJkg, calcium content of 571.30-1 397.22 mg/kg, zinc content of 47.34-66.10 mg/kg, potassium content of 1.09-1.38%, and selenium content ranged from 0.031 mg/kg to 0.064 mg/kg. There were significant differences in the contents of different free amino acids between different genotypes, and the total free amino acid content was between 1.062% and 0.915%.展开更多
Background:Epidemiological studies have confirmed that longer exposure to insecticides like cypermethrin(CYP)significantly increases the risk of male reproductive toxicity.Crocus sativus L.has been recognized due to i...Background:Epidemiological studies have confirmed that longer exposure to insecticides like cypermethrin(CYP)significantly increases the risk of male reproductive toxicity.Crocus sativus L.has been recognized due to its therapeutic properties,but its exact role and molecular mechanisms in treatment of reproductive dysfunction remain unclear.Methods:During this study,36 rats were randomly divided into six groups(n=6):control,CYP-induced(60 mg/kg),standard(leuprolide 3 mg/kg)and three treatment groups receiving aqueous,ethanolic,and oil extracts(50 mg/kg or 20 mL/kg)for post-toxicity induction.Results:The finding represented that exposure of CYP significantly increased oxidative stress,disrupted testicular architecture,and markedly reduced testosterone levels(P<0.05).Importantly,Crocus sativus L.treatment alleviated these changes by increasing the expression of Nrf2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2),restoring the activity of antioxidant enzymes,and enhancing testicular histomorphology.Surprisingly,molecular docking established a high binding affinity of Crocus sativus L.phytoconstituents such as gallic acid,cinnamic acid and quercetin to the Nrf2-Keap1 complex.It is worth noting that,Crocus sativus L.exhibited a high level of protection against reproductive toxicity caused by CYP in male rats,which was mediated by the activation of Nrf2 pathway,reduction of oxidative damage,and favorable ADMET characteristics.Conclusion:Notably,this research provides a more valid,safe,and effective method of developing new drugs for reproductive disorders,however,further investigation is needed to support the research findings and implement it in clinical practice.展开更多
Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macro...Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.展开更多
The identification of self-incompatibility genotype （S-genotype） will be useful for selection of pollinizers and design of crossing in cultivar improvement of sand pear. This paper reported the identification of sel...The identification of self-incompatibility genotype （S-genotype） will be useful for selection of pollinizers and design of crossing in cultivar improvement of sand pear. This paper reported the identification of self-incompatibility genotypes of seven Chinese and two Japanese sand pear cultivars using PCR-RFLP analysis and S-RNase sequencing. The Sgenotypes of these cultivars were determined as follows： Huali 1 S1S3, Shounan S1S3, Xizilti S1S4, Qingxiang S3S7, Sanhua S2S7, Huangmi （Imamuranatsu） S1S6, Huali 2 S3S4, Baozhuli S7S33, Cangxixueli S5S15. S-RNase alleles （S1 to S9） in sand pear could be identified effectively by PCR-RFLP analysis.展开更多
Although previous researches have greatly increased our general knowledge on plant responses to nitrogen(N)stress,a comprehensive understanding of the different responses in crop genotypes is still needed.This study e...Although previous researches have greatly increased our general knowledge on plant responses to nitrogen(N)stress,a comprehensive understanding of the different responses in crop genotypes is still needed.This study evaluated 304 maize accessions for low-N tolerance under field conditions,and selected the low-N sensitive Ye478 and low-N tolerant Qi319 for further investigations.After a 5-day low-N treatment,the typical N-deficient phenotype with yellowing older leaves was observed in Ye478 but not in Qi319.After the 5-day low-N stress,16 RNA libraries from leaf and root of Ye478 and Qi319 were generated.The differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in the root of Qi319 up-regulated by special N deficiency were mainly enriched in energy-related metabolic pathways,including tricarboxylic acid metabolic process and nicotinamide metabolic process.Consistent with yellowing older leaves only observed in Ye478,the special N deficiency-responsive DEGs related to thylakoid,chloroplast,photosynthetic membrane,and chloroplast stroma pathways were repressed by low-N stress in Ye478.A total of 216 transcription factors(TFs),including ZmNLP5,were identified as special N deficiencyresponsive TFs between Qi319 and Ye478,indicating the importance of transcriptional regulation of N stress-responsive pathway in different tolerance to low-N stress between crop genotypes.In addition,15 miRNAs were identified as DEGs between Qi319 and Ye478.Taken together,this study contributes to the understanding of the genetic variations and molecular basis of low-N tolerance in maize.展开更多
AIM: To determine the genotypes in Mexican hepatitis Bvirus (HBV) isolates and characterize their precore andcore promoter mutations.METHODS: Forty-nine HBV isolates of Mexico obtainedfrom sera of 15 hepatitis patient...AIM: To determine the genotypes in Mexican hepatitis Bvirus (HBV) isolates and characterize their precore andcore promoter mutations.METHODS: Forty-nine HBV isolates of Mexico obtainedfrom sera of 15 hepatitis patients, 6 hemodialysis pa-tients, 20 men seeking HIV testing, and 8 AIDS patientswere analyzed. HBV isolates were amplified by PCR,and genotyped by line probe assay (INNO-LiPA HBVGenotyping; INNOGENETICS N V, Ghent, Belgium).HBV genotype confirmation was performed by DNAsequencing part of the sAg region. Precore and core pro-moter mutation characterization was performed by lineprobe assay (INNO-LiPA HBV PreCore; INNOGENETICS NV, Ghent, Belgium).RESULTS: Overall, HBV genotype H was found in 37(75.5%) out of the 49 isolates studied. HBV genotypesG, A, and D were found in 5 (10.2%), 4 (8.2%), and 3(6.1%) isolates, respectively. HBV genotype H was pre-dominant in isolates from hemodialysis patients (100%),hepatitis patients (80%), and men seeking HIV test-ing (75%), and accounted for half of infections in AIDSpatients (50%). Six (12.2%) out of the 49 HBV isolatesshowed both wild type and mutant populations at pre-core codon 28. These mixed wild type and precore mu-tant populations were observed in one HBV genotype Aisolate and in all HBV genotype G isolates. A dual variantcore promoter mutation was observed in 1 (2%) of theisolates, which was genotype H.CONCLUSION: HBV genotype H is highly predominantin HBV isolates of Mexico followed by genotypes G, Aand D. A low frequency of precore and core promotermutations is observed in HBV Mexican isolates.展开更多
AIM: To address the therapeutic efficacy of various treatment regimens in genotype 3 selecting randomized clinical trials and prospective National Cohort Studies.METHODS:(1) PEG-INF-based therapy including sofosbuvir(...AIM: To address the therapeutic efficacy of various treatment regimens in genotype 3 selecting randomized clinical trials and prospective National Cohort Studies.METHODS:(1) PEG-INF-based therapy including sofosbuvir(SOF) + RBV for 12 wk vs SOF + RBV 24 wk;(2) SOF + RBV therapy 12 wk/16 wk vs 24 wk; and(3) the role of RBV in SOF + daclatasvir(DCV) and SOF + ledipasvir(LDV) combinations. This metaanalysis provides robust information with the intention of addressing treatment strategy for hepatitis C virus genotype 3.RESULTS: A combination treatment including SOF + RBV + PEG-IFN for 12 wk notes better SVR than with only SOF + RBV for 12 wk, although its association with more frequent adverse effects may be a limiting factor. Longer duration therapy with SOF + RBV(24 wk) has achieved higher SVR rates than shorter durations(12 or 16 wk). SOF + LDV are not an ideal treatment for genotype 3. CONCLUSION: Lastly, SOF + DCV combination is probably the best oral therapy option and the addition of RBV does not appear to be needed to increase SVR rates substantially.展开更多
To analyse the genotypes of clinical isolates of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing (ESBL-producing) Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) and the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance, to guide reasonable use of an...To analyse the genotypes of clinical isolates of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing (ESBL-producing) Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) and the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance, to guide reasonable use of antibiotics and to avoid nosocomial outbreak infections by ESBL-producing P. mirabilis. 125 clinical isolates of P. mirabilis were collected from the Drug-Resistant Bacteria Surveillance Center of Anhui Province (from Jan 2009 to May 2010). Searching for the genotypes of ESBLs was perfomed by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing, and performed conjugation test simultaneously. Among ESBL-producing strains, CTX-M was the major genotype (3 CTX-M-13 and 1 CTX-M-3). TEM-1b spectrum β-lactamase was also prevalence in P. mirabilis. The diversity of β-lactamases in P. mirabilis and the emergency of multi-drug-resistance clinical strains will present serious threat to clinical therapy and even will lead to outbreak of nosocomial infections. Our study emphasizes the need for enhanced supervision of ESBL-producing P. mirabilis. Timely and reasonable drug-resistance data are indispensable to clinical therapy.展开更多
A study of combining ability for improving rice cooking quality was carried out via genotype plus genotype x environment （GGE） biplot. Four restorer lines and three male sterile lines were used to obtain F1 in a lin...A study of combining ability for improving rice cooking quality was carried out via genotype plus genotype x environment （GGE） biplot. Four restorer lines and three male sterile lines were used to obtain F1 in a line x tester trial at the Rice Research Institute, Amol, Iran in 2009. GGE biplot analysis showed that Neda and IR56 were the best general combiners for amylose content （AC）, whereas Nemat and IR28 had the highest general combining ability （GCA） effects for gelatinization temperature （GT）, and IR58 and IR59 showed the highest GCA effects in terms of gel consistency （GC）. Meanwhile IR58 and IR59 showed large specific combining ability （SCA） effects for AC, while Neda and SA13 had high SCA effects for GT. Nemat and IR28 had large SCA effects for GC. Because intermediate levels ofAC, GT and GC are ideal, Nemat × IR59 was considered as the best possible cross. Based on these results, the GGE biplot showed good potential for identifying suitable parents, heterotic crosses and the best hybrids in line x tester data.展开更多
AIM: To determine the distribution of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in Benin, and to clarify the virological characteristics of the dominant genotype.METHODS: Among 500 blood donors in Benin, 21 HBsAg-positive don...AIM: To determine the distribution of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in Benin, and to clarify the virological characteristics of the dominant genotype.METHODS: Among 500 blood donors in Benin, 21 HBsAg-positive donors were enrolled in the study. HBV genotypes were determined by enzyme immunoassay and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Complete genome sequences were determined by PCR and direct sequencing.RESULTS: HBV genotype E (HBV/E) was detected in 20/21 (95.2%), and HBV/A in 1/21 (4.8%). From the age-specific prevalence of HBeAg to anti-HBe seroconversion (SC) in 19 HBV/E subjects, SC was estimated to occur frequently in late teens in HBV/E.The comparison of four complete HBV/E genomes from HBeAg-positive subjects in this study and five HBV/E sequences recruited from the database revealed that HBV/E was distributed throughout West Africa with very low genetic divers ity (nucleotide homology 96.7-99.2%).Based on the sequences in the basic core promoter (BCP)to precore region of the nine HBV/E isolates compared to those of the other genotypes, a nucleotide substitution in the BCP, G1757A, was observed in HBV/E.CONCLUSION: HBV/E is predominant in the Republic of Benin, and SC is estimated to occur in late teens in HBV/E. The specific nucleotide substitution G1757A in BCP, which might influence the virological characteristics,is observed in HBV/E.展开更多
Potato is one of the important crops grown in mid and high altitude areas of Ethiopia. Several potato genotypes have been introduced in different parts of this region. However, the stability and performance of these g...Potato is one of the important crops grown in mid and high altitude areas of Ethiopia. Several potato genotypes have been introduced in different parts of this region. However, the stability and performance of these genotypes are not yet assessed. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of genotype, environment and their interaction for tuber yield and identify stable potato genotypes. The study was conducted using eight potato genotypes in rainfed production season of years 2010 and 2011 at five potato growing locations in the region. Randomized complete block design with three replications was used for the experiment. Among the testing locations, the superior mean tuber yield (25.43 t/ha) was obtained at Adet while the inferior (13.89 t/ha) was at Injibara. Similarly, among the genotypes, CIP-396004.337 gave the highest mean tuber yield (25.66 t/ha), while CIP-395011.2 gave the lowest (17.78 t/ha). Combined ANOVA indicated that the main effects due to environments, genotypes and genotype by environment interaction were highly significant. The contribution of E, G and GEI to the total variation in tuber yield was about 47.11%, 8.83% and 44.07%, respectively. The GEI was further partitioned using GGE biplot model. The first two principal components obtained by singular value decomposition of the centered data of tuber yield explained 71.26% of the total variability caused by (G + GE). Out of these variations, PC1 and PC2 accounted 51.24% and 20.02% variability, respectively. GGE biplot view of this study identified Serinka as ideal testing location and CIP-396004.337 as ideal genotype for Amhara region in Ethiopia.展开更多
Insect quantity is an important index for determining the degree of damage to plants.The brown planthopper(BPH),Nilaparvata lugens(Stal),is one of the most important rice pests in Asia.Here,we used two genotypes of BP...Insect quantity is an important index for determining the degree of damage to plants.The brown planthopper(BPH),Nilaparvata lugens(Stal),is one of the most important rice pests in Asia.Here,we used two genotypes of BPH,a highfecundity genotype(HFG)and a low-fecundity genotype(LFG),to measure their ecological fitness and to explore possible causes for genotype differentiation by transcriptome sequencing.Our results showed that there were significant differences in body weight,egg hatching rate and honeydew secretion between the HFG and LFG,particularly,the number of eggs laid per female was more significant.Transcriptional analysis showed that a total of 1966 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were mainly involved in energy metabolism,carbohydrate and lipid syn thesis,in sect horm one syn thesis and fecun dity-related pathways.Moreover,we found that the phosphorylation levels of AMPK,AKT and FoxO and the synthesis of ecdysone were different between the two genotypes of BPH.These findings may partially explain the differenee in the ecological fitness between HFG and LFG.This study is the first to compare the differences between two genotypes of BPH and to provide transcriptomic evidenee to further understand the fecundity of BPH.展开更多
Objective To determine the incidence of Thalassemia, the distribution of Thalassemic genotype and clinical phenotype. Methods Reverse dot blot （RDB） hybridization was used to detect the common three a-globin gene de...Objective To determine the incidence of Thalassemia, the distribution of Thalassemic genotype and clinical phenotype. Methods Reverse dot blot （RDB） hybridization was used to detect the common three a-globin gene deletions（--SEA, -a3.7 and-a4.2） by Gap-PCR over all 8 118 cases and to detect 17 fl-globin gene 17 mutations （CD41-42, IVS- ][-654, CD17, -28, fiE, CD71- 72, CD27-28, -29, CD43, CD14-15, IVS-I-1, IVS-I-5, CAP, -31, Int, -32, -30） among 7 934 eases. Patients were grouped according to clinical phenotype such as anemia symptom, screening test of thalassemia and family carrier history. Results Among 8 118 cases, there were 2 519 cases with a-globin gene deletions over 9 kinds genotypes, and the incidence ofa-thal was 31.03%. The genotypes of--SEA/aa, -a3.7/aa, -a4.2/aa, -a3.7/--SEA and -a4.2/-sEA were common and constituent ratios were 77.05%, 11.95%, 4.01%,3.65% and 2.10%, respectively, and altogether was 98. 76%. Over all 7 934 cases, there were 1 691 cases with fl-globin gene mutation over 13 kinds genotypes, and the incidence of fl-thal was 21.31%, The mutation of CD41-42, IVS- ff-654, CD17 and -28 were common, and constituent ratios were 34.24%, 29.80%, 16.03% and 10. 70%, respectively, and altogether was 90. 77%. Number of patients with screening test positive was the largest, and the incidence of the group with three indications was the highest. The abnormal percentage in group both with anemia symptom and screening test positive was the highest. Conclusion There was a high thalassemia carrier rate among patients with clinical indications in our study. The main indication for diagnosis of thalassemia was both with anemia symptoms and screening test positive. The characteristics of thalamessia genotype in our study were consistent with that in southern China. It was important for population, especially reproductive population of high frequency area region to screen- ing and diagnosing thalassemia.展开更多
The present research work was carried out at Southern Wheat Research Station, Tandojam during the growing season 2013-14 in order to work out correlation and regression analysis for yield traits in wheat genotypes. Th...The present research work was carried out at Southern Wheat Research Station, Tandojam during the growing season 2013-14 in order to work out correlation and regression analysis for yield traits in wheat genotypes. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Eight bread wheat genotypes such as Mehran, Sarsabz, TJ-83, SKD-1, Inqlab, A. Sattar, Sehar and Sassui were used to examine correlation and regression. Seven traits, viz.;plant height, tillers plant<sup>-1</sup>, spike length, spikelet’s spike<sup>-1</sup>, grains spike<sup>-1</sup>, seed index and grain yield plant<sup>-1</sup> were studied. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for plant height, tillers plant<sup>-1</sup>, spike length, spikelet’s spike<sup>-1</sup>, grains spike<sup>-1</sup>, seed index and grain yield plant<sup>-1</sup>. Based on mean performance, variety Sarsabz gave maximum plant height (95.46), produced maximum tillers plant<sup>-1</sup> (4.40), gave more grain spike<sup>-1</sup> (63.13), TJ-83 gave highest seed index (47.260), and was next ranker in spike length<sup>-1</sup> (12.07), spikelet’s spike<sup>-1</sup> (19.13), grains spike<sup>-1</sup> (59.86), and grain yield plant<sup>-1</sup> (9.86) among the genotypes. The phenotypic correlations revealed that tillers plant<sup>-1 </sup>and grains spike<sup>-1</sup> were highly positively associated;hence these yield components can be used as reliable selection criteria to improve grain yield in wheat. Thus estimation of correlation and regression analysis among yield and yield components may provide effective selection criteria to improve wheat grain yield. The results from correlation and regression of plant height indicated significantly positive association with spikelet’s spike<sup>-1</sup>, tillers plant<sup>-1</sup> and grains spike<sup>-1</sup> which revealed that increase in plant height will cause corresponding increase in associated traits.展开更多
Chinese hamster with Chinese characteristics is used in experiments,and it is of great value in the field of medical biology research.However,at present,there is no high-efficiency method for evaluating the genetic qu...Chinese hamster with Chinese characteristics is used in experiments,and it is of great value in the field of medical biology research.However,at present,there is no high-efficiency method for evaluating the genetic quality of Chinese hamsters.Here,we developed a novel Chinese hamster genetic quality detection system using single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers.To find SNP loci,we conducted whole genome sequencing on 24 Chinese hamsters.Then,we employed an SNP locus screening criterion that we set up previously and initially screened 214 SNP loci with wide genome distribution and high polymorphism level.Subsequently,we developed the SNP detection system using a multitarget region capture technique based on second-generation sequencing,and a 55 SNP panel for genetic evaluation of Chinese hamster populations was developed.PopGen.32.analysis results showed that the average effective allele number,Shannon index,observed heterozygosity,expected heterozygosity,average heterozygosity,polymorphism information,and other genetic parameters of Chinese hamster population A were higher than those in population B.Using scientific screening and optimization,we successfully developed a novel Chinese hamster SNP genetic detection system that can efficiently and accurately analyze the genetic quality of the Chinese hamster population.展开更多
Identification of the S genotype of Malus plants will greatly promote the discovery of new genes,the cultivation and production of apple,the breeding of new varieties,and the origin and evolution of self-incompatibili...Identification of the S genotype of Malus plants will greatly promote the discovery of new genes,the cultivation and production of apple,the breeding of new varieties,and the origin and evolution of self-incompatibility in Malus plants.In this experiment,88 Malus germplasm resources,such as Aihuahong,Xishuhaitang,and Reguanzi,were used as materials.Seven gene-specific primer combinations were used in the genotype identification.PCR amplification using leaf DNA produced a single S-RNase gene fragment in all materials.The results revealed that 70 of the identified materials obtained a complete S-RNase genotype,while only one S-RNase gene was found in 18 of them.Through homology comparison and analysis,13 S-RNase genotypes were obtained:S_(1)S_(2)(Aihuahong,etc.),S_(1)S_(28)(Xixian Haitang,etc.),S_(1)S_(51)(Hebei Pingdinghaitang),S_(1)S_(3)(Xiangyangcun Daguo,etc.),S_(2)S_(3)(Zhaiyehaitang,etc.),S_(3)S_(51)(Xishan 1),S_(3)S_(28)(Huangselihaerde,etc.),S_(2)S_(28)(Honghaitang,etc.),S_(4)S_(28)(Bo 11),S_(7)S_(28)(Jiuquan Shaguo),S_(10)S_e(Dongchengguan 13),S_(10)S_(21)(Dongxiangjiao)and S_(3)S_(51)(Xiongyue Haitang).Simultaneously,the frequency of the S gene in the tested materials was analyzed.The findings revealed that different S genes had varying frequencies in Malus resources,as well as varying frequencies between intraspecific and interspecific.S_(3) had the highest frequency of 68.18%,followed by S_(1)(42.04%).In addition,the phylogenetic tree and origin evolution analysis revealed that the S gene differentiation was completed prior to the formation of various apple species,that cultivated species also evolved new S genes,and that the S_(50) gene is the oldest S allele in Malus plants.The S_(1),S_(29),and S_(33) genes in apple-cultivated species,on the other hand,may have originated in M.sieversii,M.hupehensis,and M.kansuensis,respectively.In addition to M.sieversii,M.kansuensis and M.sikkimensis may have also played a role in the origin and evolution of some Chinese apples.展开更多
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0139400)the Egyptian-Chinese Research Fund,and Science,Technology&Innovation Funding Authority Egypt(Grant No.46512)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.261143470).
文摘Salt stress is a critical factor affecting the growth and yield of rice.Egypt,the largest rice producer in North Africa and the Middle East,is facing contrasting challenges related to salinity in its agroecosystems.In this study,we compared the salt-induced responses among three rice varieties:Giza 176(Egyptian variety),Kaituodao(Chinese variety),and Pokkali(Sri Lanka variety,used as control)under normal and saline stress(100 mmol/L NaCl)conditions at two seedling stages through RNA-seq expression analysis.Giza 176 displayed a salt tolerance score of 7 on the SES(Standard Evaluation Score).Its transcriptome showed dynamic changes,with the number of upregulated genes increasing from 180 to 735,and downregulated genes increasing from 918 to 2930 from the one-week to two-week stress stages,with activated pathways in ion transport,reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging,and protein biosynthesis.
基金supported by the projects of National Virus Resource Center(NVRC-PY-03,E1YZ020501)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2022CFB564)+4 种基金Foundation of Hubei Provincial Health Commission(WJ2023M108)National Basic Science Data Sharing Platform(no.2018ZX10101004)National Basic Science Data Sharing Service Platform(no.NBSDC-DB-13)the International Cooperation Base of Hubei Province for Infection and Immunitysupported by Outstanding Medical Young Scholars of Hubei Province and Wuhan Young and Middle-aged Medical Backbone Talent Program.
文摘Acute respiratory tract infections(ARTIs)are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide.Human adenovirus(HAdV)infections are estimated to account for at least 5%of pediatric ARTIs.The circulated genotypes of HAdV and the correlation between genotype and clinical manifestations in Wuhan,China,before and after the complete relaxation of nonpharmaceutical interventions against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,remain unknown.Here,101 HAdV strains were isolated from throat swab samples collected from hospitalized children with ARTIs who tested positive for HAdV nucleic acid.Of these,sixty-six strains from 2022 to twenty-three strains from 2023 were successfully genotyped and subjected to phylogenetic analysis based on the hexon,penton base,and fiber genes.Six genotypes,B3,C1,C2,C5,C104,and C108 were identified.HAdV-B3(84.85%)was the most prevalent type in 2022,while HAdV-C(86.96%),including C1,C2,C108,and C104,was the most prevalent in 2023.These strains were phylogenetically related to strains from Japan,China,and the United States in recent years.When comparing clinical characteristics,pediatric patients infected with B3,C1,C2,C5,C104,or C108 exhibited similar clinical manifestations,primarily fever and cough,but varying interleukin(IL)-10 levels.In conclusion,from June 2022 to September 2023,the circulated genotypes of HAdV in Wuhan included B3,C1,C2,C108,C5,and C104.The endemic pattern of HAdV in Wuhan,China,shifted from species B as the dominant type in 2022 to species C in 2023.
基金Supported by the"Young Talents"Project of Northeast Agricultural University(22QC04)the Domestic Post Training Excellent Program of Northeast Agricultural University(23ZYZZ0706)。
文摘Sagittaria trifolia L.is a perennial aquatic herb that primarily reproduces clonally and through generative propagation.In recent years,S.trifolia has evolved a drastic resistance to acetohydroxy acid synthase(AHAS)-inhibiting herbicides in Northeast China.The phylogeographic patterns of S.trifolia with 31 purified resistance genotypes and five sensitive genotypes using chloroplast DNA(cpDNA)atpB-rbcL intergenic spacers were studied.Five haplotypes were characterized,and two of them were widely distributed in 36 genotypes.The dose response to bensulfuron-methyl showed that the GR50 ranged from 2.07 g a.i.·hm^(-2) to 220.15 g a.i.·hm^(-2).Sequencing of the AHAS gene indicated that 17 genotypes with the Pro197 mutation were distributed in haplotype 1,six genotypes with the Trp574 mutation were distributed in haplotype 3,and 13 genotypes with the wild AHAS gene were distributed in haplotypes 2,4 and 5.In the minimum-spanning network,the ancestral haplotypes 1 and 2 were widely distributed.Two primary clades were separated in the Bayes tree,and the result was consistent with the maximum likelihood tree.
基金Supported by"11thFive-Year Plan"National Science and Technology Support Program(2009BADA4B01-3)~~
文摘[Objectivc] This study aimed to investigate the chilling tolerance of seedlings of different cotton genotypes and screen appropriate indicators for assess- ing chilling tolerance, to establish reliable mathematical evaluation model for chilling tolerance of cotton, thus providing theoretical basis for breeding and promoting new chilling-tolerant cotton germplasms and large-scale evaluation of chilling tolerance of cotton varieties. [Method] Fifteen cotton varieties （lines） were used as experimental materials. The photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence ki- netic parameters, chlorophyll content, relative soluble sugar content, malonaldehyde content, relative proiine content, relative conductivity and other 12 physiological indi- cators of seedling leaves under low temperature treatment （5 ℃, 12 h） and recovery treatment （25 ℃. 24 h） were determined; based on the chilling tolerance coefficient （CTC） of various individual indicators, the comprehensive evaluation of chilling toler- ance was conducled by using principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster anal- ysis and stepwise regression analysis. [Result] The results showed that the 12 indi- vidual physiological indicators could be classified into 7 independent comprehensive components by principal component analysis; 15 cotton varieties （lines） were clus- tered into three categories by using membership function method and hierarchical cluster analysis; the mathematical model for evaluating chilling tolerance of cotton seedlings was established： D =0.275 -0.244Fo1 ＋0.206Fv/Fm1＋0.326g,%-0.056SS ＋ 0.225MDA＋O.O38REC （FF=0.995）, and the evaluation accuracy of the equation was higher than 94.25%,0. Six identification indicators closely related to chilling tolerance were screened, including Fo,, Fv/Fm1, Seedling leaves of cotton varieties （lines） gs2, SS, MDA, and REC. [Conclusion] with high chilling tolerance are less dam- aged under low temperature stress, and are able to maintain relatively high photo- synthetic electron transport capacity and high stomatal conductance after recovery treatment, which is contributed to gas exchange and recovery of photosynthetic ca- pacity. Determination of the six indicators under the same stress condition can be adopted for rapid identification and prediction of the chilling tolerance of other cotton varieties, which provides basis for the breeding, promotion, identification and screen- ing of chilling tolerant germplasms.
基金Supported by the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-09)~~
文摘With 12 Vicia faba L. varieties of different genotypes as the research ma- terials, the contents of 9 kinds of quality factors of protein, fat, free amino acid as well as beneficial mineral elements were analyzed with the aim to provide the nec- essary theoretical basis for the selection of new varieties of high quality faba beans. The results showed that in the faba beans of different genotypes, the protein content ranged from 27.9% to 31.2%, fat content of 1.2-1.4%, tannin content of 4 700-5 280 mg/kg, iron content of 47.45-67.15 mgJkg, calcium content of 571.30-1 397.22 mg/kg, zinc content of 47.34-66.10 mg/kg, potassium content of 1.09-1.38%, and selenium content ranged from 0.031 mg/kg to 0.064 mg/kg. There were significant differences in the contents of different free amino acids between different genotypes, and the total free amino acid content was between 1.062% and 0.915%.
文摘Background:Epidemiological studies have confirmed that longer exposure to insecticides like cypermethrin(CYP)significantly increases the risk of male reproductive toxicity.Crocus sativus L.has been recognized due to its therapeutic properties,but its exact role and molecular mechanisms in treatment of reproductive dysfunction remain unclear.Methods:During this study,36 rats were randomly divided into six groups(n=6):control,CYP-induced(60 mg/kg),standard(leuprolide 3 mg/kg)and three treatment groups receiving aqueous,ethanolic,and oil extracts(50 mg/kg or 20 mL/kg)for post-toxicity induction.Results:The finding represented that exposure of CYP significantly increased oxidative stress,disrupted testicular architecture,and markedly reduced testosterone levels(P<0.05).Importantly,Crocus sativus L.treatment alleviated these changes by increasing the expression of Nrf2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2),restoring the activity of antioxidant enzymes,and enhancing testicular histomorphology.Surprisingly,molecular docking established a high binding affinity of Crocus sativus L.phytoconstituents such as gallic acid,cinnamic acid and quercetin to the Nrf2-Keap1 complex.It is worth noting that,Crocus sativus L.exhibited a high level of protection against reproductive toxicity caused by CYP in male rats,which was mediated by the activation of Nrf2 pathway,reduction of oxidative damage,and favorable ADMET characteristics.Conclusion:Notably,this research provides a more valid,safe,and effective method of developing new drugs for reproductive disorders,however,further investigation is needed to support the research findings and implement it in clinical practice.
基金supported by Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline ProjectThe Intramural Research Program of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,No. 4910Qingdao West Coast New Area Science and Technology Project,No. 2020-55 (all to SW)。
文摘Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.
基金supported in part by Natural Science Foundation of JiangxiAgricultural University, China (1878).
文摘The identification of self-incompatibility genotype （S-genotype） will be useful for selection of pollinizers and design of crossing in cultivar improvement of sand pear. This paper reported the identification of self-incompatibility genotypes of seven Chinese and two Japanese sand pear cultivars using PCR-RFLP analysis and S-RNase sequencing. The Sgenotypes of these cultivars were determined as follows： Huali 1 S1S3, Shounan S1S3, Xizilti S1S4, Qingxiang S3S7, Sanhua S2S7, Huangmi （Imamuranatsu） S1S6, Huali 2 S3S4, Baozhuli S7S33, Cangxixueli S5S15. S-RNase alleles （S1 to S9） in sand pear could be identified effectively by PCR-RFLP analysis.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Agriculture of China for Transgenic Research(2018ZX0800916B)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31861143004)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
文摘Although previous researches have greatly increased our general knowledge on plant responses to nitrogen(N)stress,a comprehensive understanding of the different responses in crop genotypes is still needed.This study evaluated 304 maize accessions for low-N tolerance under field conditions,and selected the low-N sensitive Ye478 and low-N tolerant Qi319 for further investigations.After a 5-day low-N treatment,the typical N-deficient phenotype with yellowing older leaves was observed in Ye478 but not in Qi319.After the 5-day low-N stress,16 RNA libraries from leaf and root of Ye478 and Qi319 were generated.The differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in the root of Qi319 up-regulated by special N deficiency were mainly enriched in energy-related metabolic pathways,including tricarboxylic acid metabolic process and nicotinamide metabolic process.Consistent with yellowing older leaves only observed in Ye478,the special N deficiency-responsive DEGs related to thylakoid,chloroplast,photosynthetic membrane,and chloroplast stroma pathways were repressed by low-N stress in Ye478.A total of 216 transcription factors(TFs),including ZmNLP5,were identified as special N deficiencyresponsive TFs between Qi319 and Ye478,indicating the importance of transcriptional regulation of N stress-responsive pathway in different tolerance to low-N stress between crop genotypes.In addition,15 miRNAs were identified as DEGs between Qi319 and Ye478.Taken together,this study contributes to the understanding of the genetic variations and molecular basis of low-N tolerance in maize.
文摘AIM: To determine the genotypes in Mexican hepatitis Bvirus (HBV) isolates and characterize their precore andcore promoter mutations.METHODS: Forty-nine HBV isolates of Mexico obtainedfrom sera of 15 hepatitis patients, 6 hemodialysis pa-tients, 20 men seeking HIV testing, and 8 AIDS patientswere analyzed. HBV isolates were amplified by PCR,and genotyped by line probe assay (INNO-LiPA HBVGenotyping; INNOGENETICS N V, Ghent, Belgium).HBV genotype confirmation was performed by DNAsequencing part of the sAg region. Precore and core pro-moter mutation characterization was performed by lineprobe assay (INNO-LiPA HBV PreCore; INNOGENETICS NV, Ghent, Belgium).RESULTS: Overall, HBV genotype H was found in 37(75.5%) out of the 49 isolates studied. HBV genotypesG, A, and D were found in 5 (10.2%), 4 (8.2%), and 3(6.1%) isolates, respectively. HBV genotype H was pre-dominant in isolates from hemodialysis patients (100%),hepatitis patients (80%), and men seeking HIV test-ing (75%), and accounted for half of infections in AIDSpatients (50%). Six (12.2%) out of the 49 HBV isolatesshowed both wild type and mutant populations at pre-core codon 28. These mixed wild type and precore mu-tant populations were observed in one HBV genotype Aisolate and in all HBV genotype G isolates. A dual variantcore promoter mutation was observed in 1 (2%) of theisolates, which was genotype H.CONCLUSION: HBV genotype H is highly predominantin HBV isolates of Mexico followed by genotypes G, Aand D. A low frequency of precore and core promotermutations is observed in HBV Mexican isolates.
文摘AIM: To address the therapeutic efficacy of various treatment regimens in genotype 3 selecting randomized clinical trials and prospective National Cohort Studies.METHODS:(1) PEG-INF-based therapy including sofosbuvir(SOF) + RBV for 12 wk vs SOF + RBV 24 wk;(2) SOF + RBV therapy 12 wk/16 wk vs 24 wk; and(3) the role of RBV in SOF + daclatasvir(DCV) and SOF + ledipasvir(LDV) combinations. This metaanalysis provides robust information with the intention of addressing treatment strategy for hepatitis C virus genotype 3.RESULTS: A combination treatment including SOF + RBV + PEG-IFN for 12 wk notes better SVR than with only SOF + RBV for 12 wk, although its association with more frequent adverse effects may be a limiting factor. Longer duration therapy with SOF + RBV(24 wk) has achieved higher SVR rates than shorter durations(12 or 16 wk). SOF + LDV are not an ideal treatment for genotype 3. CONCLUSION: Lastly, SOF + DCV combination is probably the best oral therapy option and the addition of RBV does not appear to be needed to increase SVR rates substantially.
文摘To analyse the genotypes of clinical isolates of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing (ESBL-producing) Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) and the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance, to guide reasonable use of antibiotics and to avoid nosocomial outbreak infections by ESBL-producing P. mirabilis. 125 clinical isolates of P. mirabilis were collected from the Drug-Resistant Bacteria Surveillance Center of Anhui Province (from Jan 2009 to May 2010). Searching for the genotypes of ESBLs was perfomed by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing, and performed conjugation test simultaneously. Among ESBL-producing strains, CTX-M was the major genotype (3 CTX-M-13 and 1 CTX-M-3). TEM-1b spectrum β-lactamase was also prevalence in P. mirabilis. The diversity of β-lactamases in P. mirabilis and the emergency of multi-drug-resistance clinical strains will present serious threat to clinical therapy and even will lead to outbreak of nosocomial infections. Our study emphasizes the need for enhanced supervision of ESBL-producing P. mirabilis. Timely and reasonable drug-resistance data are indispensable to clinical therapy.
文摘A study of combining ability for improving rice cooking quality was carried out via genotype plus genotype x environment （GGE） biplot. Four restorer lines and three male sterile lines were used to obtain F1 in a line x tester trial at the Rice Research Institute, Amol, Iran in 2009. GGE biplot analysis showed that Neda and IR56 were the best general combiners for amylose content （AC）, whereas Nemat and IR28 had the highest general combining ability （GCA） effects for gelatinization temperature （GT）, and IR58 and IR59 showed the highest GCA effects in terms of gel consistency （GC）. Meanwhile IR58 and IR59 showed large specific combining ability （SCA） effects for AC, while Neda and SA13 had high SCA effects for GT. Nemat and IR28 had large SCA effects for GC. Because intermediate levels ofAC, GT and GC are ideal, Nemat × IR59 was considered as the best possible cross. Based on these results, the GGE biplot showed good potential for identifying suitable parents, heterotic crosses and the best hybrids in line x tester data.
文摘AIM: To determine the distribution of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in Benin, and to clarify the virological characteristics of the dominant genotype.METHODS: Among 500 blood donors in Benin, 21 HBsAg-positive donors were enrolled in the study. HBV genotypes were determined by enzyme immunoassay and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Complete genome sequences were determined by PCR and direct sequencing.RESULTS: HBV genotype E (HBV/E) was detected in 20/21 (95.2%), and HBV/A in 1/21 (4.8%). From the age-specific prevalence of HBeAg to anti-HBe seroconversion (SC) in 19 HBV/E subjects, SC was estimated to occur frequently in late teens in HBV/E.The comparison of four complete HBV/E genomes from HBeAg-positive subjects in this study and five HBV/E sequences recruited from the database revealed that HBV/E was distributed throughout West Africa with very low genetic divers ity (nucleotide homology 96.7-99.2%).Based on the sequences in the basic core promoter (BCP)to precore region of the nine HBV/E isolates compared to those of the other genotypes, a nucleotide substitution in the BCP, G1757A, was observed in HBV/E.CONCLUSION: HBV/E is predominant in the Republic of Benin, and SC is estimated to occur in late teens in HBV/E. The specific nucleotide substitution G1757A in BCP, which might influence the virological characteristics,is observed in HBV/E.
文摘Potato is one of the important crops grown in mid and high altitude areas of Ethiopia. Several potato genotypes have been introduced in different parts of this region. However, the stability and performance of these genotypes are not yet assessed. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of genotype, environment and their interaction for tuber yield and identify stable potato genotypes. The study was conducted using eight potato genotypes in rainfed production season of years 2010 and 2011 at five potato growing locations in the region. Randomized complete block design with three replications was used for the experiment. Among the testing locations, the superior mean tuber yield (25.43 t/ha) was obtained at Adet while the inferior (13.89 t/ha) was at Injibara. Similarly, among the genotypes, CIP-396004.337 gave the highest mean tuber yield (25.66 t/ha), while CIP-395011.2 gave the lowest (17.78 t/ha). Combined ANOVA indicated that the main effects due to environments, genotypes and genotype by environment interaction were highly significant. The contribution of E, G and GEI to the total variation in tuber yield was about 47.11%, 8.83% and 44.07%, respectively. The GEI was further partitioned using GGE biplot model. The first two principal components obtained by singular value decomposition of the centered data of tuber yield explained 71.26% of the total variability caused by (G + GE). Out of these variations, PC1 and PC2 accounted 51.24% and 20.02% variability, respectively. GGE biplot view of this study identified Serinka as ideal testing location and CIP-396004.337 as ideal genotype for Amhara region in Ethiopia.
基金This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672021).
文摘Insect quantity is an important index for determining the degree of damage to plants.The brown planthopper(BPH),Nilaparvata lugens(Stal),is one of the most important rice pests in Asia.Here,we used two genotypes of BPH,a highfecundity genotype(HFG)and a low-fecundity genotype(LFG),to measure their ecological fitness and to explore possible causes for genotype differentiation by transcriptome sequencing.Our results showed that there were significant differences in body weight,egg hatching rate and honeydew secretion between the HFG and LFG,particularly,the number of eggs laid per female was more significant.Transcriptional analysis showed that a total of 1966 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were mainly involved in energy metabolism,carbohydrate and lipid syn thesis,in sect horm one syn thesis and fecun dity-related pathways.Moreover,we found that the phosphorylation levels of AMPK,AKT and FoxO and the synthesis of ecdysone were different between the two genotypes of BPH.These findings may partially explain the differenee in the ecological fitness between HFG and LFG.This study is the first to compare the differences between two genotypes of BPH and to provide transcriptomic evidenee to further understand the fecundity of BPH.
文摘Objective To determine the incidence of Thalassemia, the distribution of Thalassemic genotype and clinical phenotype. Methods Reverse dot blot （RDB） hybridization was used to detect the common three a-globin gene deletions（--SEA, -a3.7 and-a4.2） by Gap-PCR over all 8 118 cases and to detect 17 fl-globin gene 17 mutations （CD41-42, IVS- ][-654, CD17, -28, fiE, CD71- 72, CD27-28, -29, CD43, CD14-15, IVS-I-1, IVS-I-5, CAP, -31, Int, -32, -30） among 7 934 eases. Patients were grouped according to clinical phenotype such as anemia symptom, screening test of thalassemia and family carrier history. Results Among 8 118 cases, there were 2 519 cases with a-globin gene deletions over 9 kinds genotypes, and the incidence ofa-thal was 31.03%. The genotypes of--SEA/aa, -a3.7/aa, -a4.2/aa, -a3.7/--SEA and -a4.2/-sEA were common and constituent ratios were 77.05%, 11.95%, 4.01%,3.65% and 2.10%, respectively, and altogether was 98. 76%. Over all 7 934 cases, there were 1 691 cases with fl-globin gene mutation over 13 kinds genotypes, and the incidence of fl-thal was 21.31%, The mutation of CD41-42, IVS- ff-654, CD17 and -28 were common, and constituent ratios were 34.24%, 29.80%, 16.03% and 10. 70%, respectively, and altogether was 90. 77%. Number of patients with screening test positive was the largest, and the incidence of the group with three indications was the highest. The abnormal percentage in group both with anemia symptom and screening test positive was the highest. Conclusion There was a high thalassemia carrier rate among patients with clinical indications in our study. The main indication for diagnosis of thalassemia was both with anemia symptoms and screening test positive. The characteristics of thalamessia genotype in our study were consistent with that in southern China. It was important for population, especially reproductive population of high frequency area region to screen- ing and diagnosing thalassemia.
文摘The present research work was carried out at Southern Wheat Research Station, Tandojam during the growing season 2013-14 in order to work out correlation and regression analysis for yield traits in wheat genotypes. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Eight bread wheat genotypes such as Mehran, Sarsabz, TJ-83, SKD-1, Inqlab, A. Sattar, Sehar and Sassui were used to examine correlation and regression. Seven traits, viz.;plant height, tillers plant<sup>-1</sup>, spike length, spikelet’s spike<sup>-1</sup>, grains spike<sup>-1</sup>, seed index and grain yield plant<sup>-1</sup> were studied. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for plant height, tillers plant<sup>-1</sup>, spike length, spikelet’s spike<sup>-1</sup>, grains spike<sup>-1</sup>, seed index and grain yield plant<sup>-1</sup>. Based on mean performance, variety Sarsabz gave maximum plant height (95.46), produced maximum tillers plant<sup>-1</sup> (4.40), gave more grain spike<sup>-1</sup> (63.13), TJ-83 gave highest seed index (47.260), and was next ranker in spike length<sup>-1</sup> (12.07), spikelet’s spike<sup>-1</sup> (19.13), grains spike<sup>-1</sup> (59.86), and grain yield plant<sup>-1</sup> (9.86) among the genotypes. The phenotypic correlations revealed that tillers plant<sup>-1 </sup>and grains spike<sup>-1</sup> were highly positively associated;hence these yield components can be used as reliable selection criteria to improve grain yield in wheat. Thus estimation of correlation and regression analysis among yield and yield components may provide effective selection criteria to improve wheat grain yield. The results from correlation and regression of plant height indicated significantly positive association with spikelet’s spike<sup>-1</sup>, tillers plant<sup>-1</sup> and grains spike<sup>-1</sup> which revealed that increase in plant height will cause corresponding increase in associated traits.
基金National Key Research and Development Program for Young scientists,Grant/Award Number:2021YFF0703200National Natural Foundation Joint Fund for Regional Innovation and Development,Grant/Award Number:U21A20194+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:32170540National Key Research and Development Program,Grant/Award Number:2022YFF0711005。
文摘Chinese hamster with Chinese characteristics is used in experiments,and it is of great value in the field of medical biology research.However,at present,there is no high-efficiency method for evaluating the genetic quality of Chinese hamsters.Here,we developed a novel Chinese hamster genetic quality detection system using single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers.To find SNP loci,we conducted whole genome sequencing on 24 Chinese hamsters.Then,we employed an SNP locus screening criterion that we set up previously and initially screened 214 SNP loci with wide genome distribution and high polymorphism level.Subsequently,we developed the SNP detection system using a multitarget region capture technique based on second-generation sequencing,and a 55 SNP panel for genetic evaluation of Chinese hamster populations was developed.PopGen.32.analysis results showed that the average effective allele number,Shannon index,observed heterozygosity,expected heterozygosity,average heterozygosity,polymorphism information,and other genetic parameters of Chinese hamster population A were higher than those in population B.Using scientific screening and optimization,we successfully developed a novel Chinese hamster SNP genetic detection system that can efficiently and accurately analyze the genetic quality of the Chinese hamster population.
基金financially supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(CAASASTIP-2021-RIP-02)。
文摘Identification of the S genotype of Malus plants will greatly promote the discovery of new genes,the cultivation and production of apple,the breeding of new varieties,and the origin and evolution of self-incompatibility in Malus plants.In this experiment,88 Malus germplasm resources,such as Aihuahong,Xishuhaitang,and Reguanzi,were used as materials.Seven gene-specific primer combinations were used in the genotype identification.PCR amplification using leaf DNA produced a single S-RNase gene fragment in all materials.The results revealed that 70 of the identified materials obtained a complete S-RNase genotype,while only one S-RNase gene was found in 18 of them.Through homology comparison and analysis,13 S-RNase genotypes were obtained:S_(1)S_(2)(Aihuahong,etc.),S_(1)S_(28)(Xixian Haitang,etc.),S_(1)S_(51)(Hebei Pingdinghaitang),S_(1)S_(3)(Xiangyangcun Daguo,etc.),S_(2)S_(3)(Zhaiyehaitang,etc.),S_(3)S_(51)(Xishan 1),S_(3)S_(28)(Huangselihaerde,etc.),S_(2)S_(28)(Honghaitang,etc.),S_(4)S_(28)(Bo 11),S_(7)S_(28)(Jiuquan Shaguo),S_(10)S_e(Dongchengguan 13),S_(10)S_(21)(Dongxiangjiao)and S_(3)S_(51)(Xiongyue Haitang).Simultaneously,the frequency of the S gene in the tested materials was analyzed.The findings revealed that different S genes had varying frequencies in Malus resources,as well as varying frequencies between intraspecific and interspecific.S_(3) had the highest frequency of 68.18%,followed by S_(1)(42.04%).In addition,the phylogenetic tree and origin evolution analysis revealed that the S gene differentiation was completed prior to the formation of various apple species,that cultivated species also evolved new S genes,and that the S_(50) gene is the oldest S allele in Malus plants.The S_(1),S_(29),and S_(33) genes in apple-cultivated species,on the other hand,may have originated in M.sieversii,M.hupehensis,and M.kansuensis,respectively.In addition to M.sieversii,M.kansuensis and M.sikkimensis may have also played a role in the origin and evolution of some Chinese apples.
