The seismic data of the Laoshan Uplift in the South Yellow Sea Basin reveal a low signal-tonoise ratio and low refl ection signal energy in the deep Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata.The main reason is that the Mesozoic-Pale...The seismic data of the Laoshan Uplift in the South Yellow Sea Basin reveal a low signal-tonoise ratio and low refl ection signal energy in the deep Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata.The main reason is that the Mesozoic-Paleozoic marine carbonate rock strata are directly covered by the Cenozoic terrestrial clastic rock strata,which form a strong shielding layer.To obtain the reflection signals of the strata below the strong shielding layer,a one-way wave equation bidirectional illumination analysis of the main observation system parameters was conducted by analyzing the mechanism of the strong shielding layer.Low-frequency seismic sources are assumed to have a high illumination intensity on the reflection layer below the strong shielding layer.Accordingly,optimized acquisition parameter suggestions were proposed,and reacquisition was performed at the existing survey line locations in the Laoshan Uplift area.The imaging of the newly acquired data in the middle and deep layers was drastically improved.It revealed the unconformity between the Sinian and Cambrian under the strong shielding layer.The study yielded new insights into the tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the Lower Paleozoic in the South Yellow Sea.展开更多
Purpose–To investigate the influence of vehicle operation speed,curve geometry parameters and rail profile parameters on wheel–rail creepage in high-speed railway curves and propose a multi-parameter coordinated opt...Purpose–To investigate the influence of vehicle operation speed,curve geometry parameters and rail profile parameters on wheel–rail creepage in high-speed railway curves and propose a multi-parameter coordinated optimization strategy to reduce wheel–rail contact fatigue damage.Design/methodology/approach–Taking a small-radius curve of a high-speed railway as the research object,field measurements were conducted to obtain track parameters and wheel–rail profiles.A coupled vehicle-track dynamics model was established.Multiple numerical experiments were designed using the Latin Hypercube Sampling method to extract wheel-rail creepage indicators and construct a parameter-creepage response surface model.Findings–Key service parameters affecting wheel–rail creepage were identified,including the matching relationship between curve geometry and vehicle speed and rail profile parameters.The influence patterns of various parameters on wheel–rail creepage were revealed through response surface analysis,leading to the establishment of parameter optimization criteria.Originality/value–This study presents the systematic investigation of wheel–rail creepage characteristics under multi-parameter coupling in high-speed railway curves.A response surface-based parameter-creepage relationship model was established,and a multi-parameter coordinated optimization strategy was proposed.The research findings provide theoretical guidance for controlling wheel–rail contact fatigue damage and optimizing wheel–rail profiles in high-speed railway curves.展开更多
In this study,an improved integrated radial basis function with nonuniform shape parameter is introduced.The proposed shape parameter varies in each support domain and is defined byθ=1/d_(max),where d_(max)is the max...In this study,an improved integrated radial basis function with nonuniform shape parameter is introduced.The proposed shape parameter varies in each support domain and is defined byθ=1/d_(max),where d_(max)is the maximum distance of any pair of nodes in the support domain.The proposed method is verified and shows good performance.The results are stable and accurate with any number of nodes and an arbitrary nodal distribution.Notably,the support domain should be large enough to obtain accurate results.This method is then applied for transient analysis of curved shell structures made from functionally graded materials with complex geometries.Through several numerical examples,the accuracy of the proposed approach is demonstrated and discussed.Additionally,the influence of various factors on the dynamic behavior of the structures,including the power-law index,different materials,loading conditions,and geometrical parameters of the structures,was investigated.展开更多
A novel porous shock absorption layer is put forward in this study, and the shock absorption performance of the porous shock absorption layer is evaluated based on three-dimensional pseudo-static analysis. The modifie...A novel porous shock absorption layer is put forward in this study, and the shock absorption performance of the porous shock absorption layer is evaluated based on three-dimensional pseudo-static analysis. The modified reaction acceleration method is adopted and validated in the three-dimensional model. Seven ground motions are selected and the peak ground acceleration is adjusted to 0.2 g, 0.4 g and 0.6 g. The impact of the void ratio and thickness of the porous shock absorption layer is studied, while the surrounding rock grade and tunnel depth are also investigated. The numerical results show that the porous shock absorption layer has good shock absorption performance and can effectively reduce the maximum internal force of the secondary lining, but it cannot reduce the maximum horizontal relative displacement of the secondary lining. The circumferential rubber strip in the porous shock absorption layer will reduce shock absorption performance. The results of parameter analysis indicate that the shock absorption performance of the porous shock absorption layer increases with the increase of the void ratio and thickness, and it has good shock absorption performance under different surrounding rock grades and tunnel depths.展开更多
Accurate determination of rock mass parameters is essential for ensuring the accuracy of numericalsimulations. Displacement back-analysis is the most widely used method;however, the reliability of thecurrent approache...Accurate determination of rock mass parameters is essential for ensuring the accuracy of numericalsimulations. Displacement back-analysis is the most widely used method;however, the reliability of thecurrent approaches remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, in this paper, a multistage rock mass parameterback-analysis method, that considers the construction process and displacement losses is proposed andimplemented through the coupling of numerical simulation, auto-machine learning (AutoML), andmulti-objective optimization algorithms (MOOAs). First, a parametric modeling platform for mechanizedtwin tunnels is developed, generating a dataset through extensive numerical simulations. Next, theAutoML method is utilized to establish a surrogate model linking rock parameters and displacements.The tunnel construction process is divided into multiple stages, transforming the rock mass parameterback-analysis into a multi-objective optimization problem, for which multi-objective optimization algorithmsare introduced to obtain the rock mass parameters. The newly proposed rock mass parameterback-analysis method is validated in a mechanized twin tunnel project, and its accuracy and effectivenessare demonstrated. Compared with traditional single-stage back-analysis methods, the proposedmodel decreases the average absolute percentage error from 12.73% to 4.34%, significantly improving theaccuracy of the back-analysis. Moreover, although the accuracy of back analysis significantly increaseswith the number of construction stages considered, the back analysis time is acceptable. This studyprovides a new method for displacement back analysis that is efficient and accurate, thereby paving theway for precise parameter determination in numerical simulations.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sagittal spinopelvic alignment(SSA)is essential for preserving a stable and effective upright posture and locomotion.Although alterations in the SSA are recognised to induce compensatory modifications in th...BACKGROUND Sagittal spinopelvic alignment(SSA)is essential for preserving a stable and effective upright posture and locomotion.Although alterations in the SSA are recognised to induce compensatory modifications in the pelvis,hips,and knees,the inverse relationship concerning knee pathology undergoing total knee arthroplasty(TKA)has been examined by a limited number of studies,yielding inconclusive results.AIM To generate evidence of the effect of TKA on the SSA from existing literature.METHODS Databases like PubMed,EMBASE,and Scopus were used to identify articles related to the“knee spine syndrome”phenomenon using a combination of subject terms and keywords such as“spinopelvic parameters”,“sagittal spinal balance”,and“total knee arthroplasty”were used with appropriate Boolean operators.Studies measuring the SSA following TKA were included,and research was conducted as per preferred reporting items for systematic review and metaanalysis guidelines.RESULTS A total of 475 participants had undergone TKA,and six studies measuring SSA were analysed.Following TKA,pelvic tilt was the only parameter that showed significant changes,while lumbar lordosis(LL),pelvic incidence,and sacral slope were non-significant,as evident from the forest plots.CONCLUSION The body's sagittal alignment is a complex balance between pelvic,spine,and lower extremity parameters.TKA,while having the potential to correct the flexion contracture,can also correct it.Still,the primary SSA for spinal pathology,i.e.,LL,may not be corrected in patients with co-existent spinal degenerative disease.展开更多
The research on ocean dynamics information plays a crucial role in understanding ocean phenomena, assessing marine environmental impacts, and guiding engineering designs. The Doppler information observed by radars ref...The research on ocean dynamics information plays a crucial role in understanding ocean phenomena, assessing marine environmental impacts, and guiding engineering designs. The Doppler information observed by radars reflects sea surface dynamics, to which ocean waves make important contributions. Low-incidence-angle real aperture radar(RAR)demonstrates great potential for independently observing vectorial Doppler information on the ocean surface. To systematically characterize and accurately estimate the wave-induced Doppler frequency shift(WVF) from lowincidence-angle RAR, this study conducts comprehensive influencing factor analysis and establishes sea-stateparameterized WVF models. First, a simulated WVF dataset is generated under a rotating low-incidence-angle RAR.The feature parameters of WVF are then determined by analysing contributing factors including wind waves, swells,and sea state parameters. Furthermore, two WVF models(WVF_Ku P9 with 9 inputs and WVF_Ku P4 with 4 inputs) are constructed by the Transformer encoder for different application scenarios. Both models achieve high accuracy for WVF estimation with root mean square errors(RMSE) of 1.874 Hz and 2.716 Hz, respectively. The reliability and superiority of the proposed models are validated through comparisons with the Ka DOP, which is a typical geophysical model function(GMF). The findings in this paper advance the understanding of WVF characteristics and generation mechanisms. The proposed estimation models can provide reliable estimates, offering critical references for lowincidence-angle RAR applications such as ocean surface current retrieval.展开更多
Investigating the correlation between micronucleus formation and male infertility has the potential to improve clinical diagnosis and deepen our understanding of pathological progression. Our study enrolled 2252 male ...Investigating the correlation between micronucleus formation and male infertility has the potential to improve clinical diagnosis and deepen our understanding of pathological progression. Our study enrolled 2252 male patients whose semen was analyzed from March 2023 to July 2023. Their clinical data, including semen parameters and age, were also collected. Genetic analysis was used to determine whether the sex chromosome involved in male infertility was abnormal (including the increase, deletion, and translocation of the X and Y chromosomes), and subsequent semen analysis was conducted for clinical grouping purposes. The participants were categorized into five groups: normozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, oligozoospermia, oligoasthenozoospermia, and azoospermia. Patients were randomly selected for further study;41 patients with normozoospermia were included in the control group and 117 patients with non-normozoospermia were included in the study group according to the proportions of all enrolled patients. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) screening was conducted through peripheral blood. Statistical analysis was used to determine the differences in micronuclei (MNi) among the groups and the relationships between MNi and clinical data. There was a significant increase in MNi in infertile men, including those with azoospermia, compared with normozoospermic patients, but there was no significant difference between the genetic and nongenetic groups in azoospermic men. The presence of MNi was associated with sperm concentration, progressive sperm motility, immotile spermatozoa, malformed spermatozoa, total sperm count, and total sperm motility. This study underscores the potential utility of MNi as a diagnostic tool and highlights the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of male infertility.展开更多
The accurate selection of operational parameters is critical for ensuring the safety,efficiency,and automation of Tunnel Boring Machine(TBM)operations.This study proposes a similarity-based framework integrating model...The accurate selection of operational parameters is critical for ensuring the safety,efficiency,and automation of Tunnel Boring Machine(TBM)operations.This study proposes a similarity-based framework integrating model-based boring indexes(derived from rock fragmentation mechanisms)and Euclidean distance analysis to achieve real-time recommendations of TBM operational parameters.Key performance indicators-thrust(F),torque(T),and penetration(p)-were used to calculate three model-based boring indexes(a,b,k),which quantify dynamic rock fragmentation behavior.A dataset of 359 candidate samples,reflecting diverse geological conditions from the Yin-Chao water conveyance project in Inner Mongolia,China,was utilized to validate the framework.The system dynamically recommends parameters by matching real-time data with historical cases through standardized Euclidean distance,achieving high accuracy.Specifically,the mean absolute error(MAE)for rotation speed(n)was 0.10 r/min,corresponding to a mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of 1.09%.For advance rate(v),the MAE was 3.4 mm/min,with a MAPE of 4.50%.The predicted thrust(F)and torque(T)values exhibited strong agreement with field measurements,with MAEs of 270 kN and 178 kN∙m,respectively.Field applications demonstrated a 30%reduction in parameter adjustment time compared to empirical methods.This work provides a robust solution for real-time TBM control,advancing intelligent tunneling in complex geological environments.展开更多
AIM:To analyze the characteristics and correlation of phacoemulsification parameters and anterior segment parameters in cataract patients with different blood glucose levels.METHODS:A total of 45 type 2 diabetic catar...AIM:To analyze the characteristics and correlation of phacoemulsification parameters and anterior segment parameters in cataract patients with different blood glucose levels.METHODS:A total of 45 type 2 diabetic cataract patients(45 eyes)treated in our hospital from March 2023 to April 2024 were stratified into two groups based on glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels:group A:HbA1c<7%(n=18)and group B:7%≤HbA1c<8.5%(n=27);a total of 94 age-matched age-related cataract patients(94 eyes)were enrolled as the control group(group C).All underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation.Anterior segment parameters,including corneal,lens and anterior chamber measurements,were recorded.Correlations between phacoemulsification parameters and anterior segment parameters were analyzed,and differences among groups were compared.RESULTS:In groups A and B,effective phacoemulsification time(EPT)negatively correlated with corneal endothelial cell density(CECD)(r=-0.315,P=0.035).Average phacoemulsification time(APT)positively correlated with the anterior corneal surface radius of curvature(Rm;r=0.402,P=0.006)and negatively correlated with the flat axis meridian curvature(K 1),steep axis meridian curvature(K 2),mean curvature(Km)of the anterior corneal surface,and lens density at 6 mm zones(PDZ3;all P<0.05).Average phacoemulsification energy(AVE)positively correlated with mean lens density(LD-mean),lens density at 2 mm zones(PDZ1),lens density at 4 mm zones(PDZ2),and PDZ3(all P<0.05),and negatively with pupil diameter(r=-0.385,P=0.009).In the group C,EPT showed a positive correlation with Pentacam nucleus staging(PNS)density grade,PDZ1,PDZ2,and PDZ3(all P<0.05).A positive correlation was observed between AVE and PNS classification(r=0.246,P=0.018).Conversely,AVE exhibited a negative correlation with CECD(r=-0.245,P=0.018).EPT in groups A and B was higher than that in the group C(P<0.05).Both EPT and APT in the group B were higher than those in the group A(P<0.05).In diabetic cataract patients,CECD,corneal density(CD),and posterior corneal surface height positively correlated with diabetes duration(P<0.05).Posterior corneal surface K 1 and Rm positively correlated with 7%≤HbA1c<8.5%(P<0.05).Total corneal astigmatism negatively correlated with HbA1c,2-hour post-breakfast blood glucose(2hPBG),and fasting insulin(FINS;P<0.05).CD and lens thickness(LT)positively correlated with FINS(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Phacoemulsification parameters and blood glucose-related indices exhibited varying degrees of correlation with anterior segment parameters in cataract patients with different blood glucose levels.EPT in diabetic cataract patients was higher than that in age-related cataract patients,while EPT and APT in diabetic cataract patients with poor glycemic control were higher than those with good glycemic control.展开更多
The impact of different global and local variables in urban development processes requires a systematic study to fully comprehend the underlying complexities in them.The interplay between such variables is crucial for...The impact of different global and local variables in urban development processes requires a systematic study to fully comprehend the underlying complexities in them.The interplay between such variables is crucial for modelling urban growth to closely reflects reality.Despite extensive research,ambiguity remains about how variations in these input variables influence urban densification.In this study,we conduct a global sensitivity analysis(SA)using a multinomial logistic regression(MNL)model to assess the model’s explanatory and predictive power.We examine the influence of global variables,including spatial resolution,neighborhood size,and density classes,under different input combinations at a provincial scale to understand their impact on densification.Additionally,we perform a stepwise regression to identify the significant explanatory variables that are important for understanding densification in the Brussels Metropolitan Area(BMA).Our results indicate that a finer spatial resolution of 50 m and 100 m,smaller neighborhood size of 5×5 and 3×3,and specific density classes—namely 3(non-built-up,low and high built-up)and 4(non-built-up,low,medium and high built-up)—optimally explain and predict urban densification.In line with the same,the stepwise regression reveals that models with a coarser resolution of 300 m lack significant variables,reflecting a lower explanatory power for densification.This approach aids in identifying optimal and significant global variables with higher explanatory power for understanding and predicting urban densification.Furthermore,these findings are reproducible in a global urban context,offering valuable insights for planners,modelers and geographers in managing future urban growth and minimizing modelling.展开更多
Accurate quantification of carbon and water fluxes dynamics in arid and semi-arid ecosystems is a critical scientific challenge for regional carbon neutrality assessments and sustainable water resource management.In t...Accurate quantification of carbon and water fluxes dynamics in arid and semi-arid ecosystems is a critical scientific challenge for regional carbon neutrality assessments and sustainable water resource management.In this study,we developed a multi-flux global sensitivity discriminant index(D_(sen))by integrating the Biome-BGCMuSo model with eddy covariance flux observations.This index was combined with a Bayesian optimization algorithm to conduct parameter optimization.The results demonstrated that:(1)Sensitivity analysis identified 13 highly sensitive parameters affecting carbon and water fluxes.Among these,the canopy light extinction coefficient(k)and the fraction of leaf N in Rubisco(FLNR)exhibited significantly higher sensitivity to carbon fluxes(GPP,NEE,Reco;D_(sen)>10%)compared to water flux(ET).This highlights the strong dependence of carbon cycle simulations on vegetation physiological parameters.(2)The Bayesian optimization framework efficiently converged 30 parameter spaces within 50 iterations,markedly improving carbon fluxes simulation accuracy.The Kling-Gupta efficiency(KGE)values for Gross Primary Production(GPP),Net Ecosystem Exchange(NEE),and Total Respiration(Reco)increased by 44.94%,69.23%and 123%,respectively.The optimization prioritized highly sensitive parameters,underscoring the necessity of parameter sensitivity stratification.(3)The optimized model effectively reproduced carbon sink characteristics in mountain meadows during the growing season(cumulative NEE=-375 g C/m^(2)).It revealed synergistic carbon-water fluxes interactions governed by coupled photosynthesis-stomatal pathways and identified substrate supply limitations on heterotrophic respiration.This study proposes a novel multi-flux sensitivity index and an efficient optimization framework,elucidating the coupling mechanisms between vegetation physiological regulation(k,FLNR)and environmental stressors(VPD,SWD)in carbonwater cycles.The methodology offers a practical approach for arid ecosystem model optimization and provides theoretical insights for grassland management through canopy structure regulation and water-use efficiency enhancement.展开更多
Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macro...Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.展开更多
Damage to electrical equipment in an earthquake can lead to power outage of power systems.Seismic fragility analysis is a common method to assess the seismic reliability of electrical equipment.To further guarantee th...Damage to electrical equipment in an earthquake can lead to power outage of power systems.Seismic fragility analysis is a common method to assess the seismic reliability of electrical equipment.To further guarantee the efficiency of analysis,multi-source uncertainties including the structure itself and seismic excitation need to be considered.A method for seismic fragility analysis that reflects structural and seismic parameter uncertainty was developed in this study.The proposed method used a random sampling method based on Latin hypercube sampling(LHS)to account for the structure parameter uncertainty and the group structure characteristics of electrical equipment.Then,logistic Lasso regression(LLR)was used to find the seismic fragility surface based on double ground motion intensity measures(IM).The seismic fragility based on the finite element model of an±1000 kV main transformer(UHVMT)was analyzed using the proposed method.The results show that the seismic fragility function obtained by this method can be used to construct the relationship between the uncertainty parameters and the failure probability.The seismic fragility surface did not only provide the probabilities of seismic damage states under different IMs,but also had better stability than the fragility curve.Furthermore,the sensitivity analysis of the structural parameters revealed that the elastic module of the bushing and the height of the high-voltage bushing may have a greater influence.展开更多
This research investigates the influence of indoor and outdoor factors on photovoltaic(PV)power generation at Utrecht University to accurately predict PV system performance by identifying critical impact factors and i...This research investigates the influence of indoor and outdoor factors on photovoltaic(PV)power generation at Utrecht University to accurately predict PV system performance by identifying critical impact factors and improving renewable energy efficiency.To predict plant efficiency,nineteen variables are analyzed,consisting of nine indoor photovoltaic panel characteristics(Open Circuit Voltage(Voc),Short Circuit Current(Isc),Maximum Power(Pmpp),Maximum Voltage(Umpp),Maximum Current(Impp),Filling Factor(FF),Parallel Resistance(Rp),Series Resistance(Rs),Module Temperature)and ten environmental factors(Air Temperature,Air Humidity,Dew Point,Air Pressure,Irradiation,Irradiation Propagation,Wind Speed,Wind Speed Propagation,Wind Direction,Wind Direction Propagation).This study provides a new perspective not previously addressed in the literature.In this study,different machine learning methods such as Multilayer Perceptron(MLP),Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline(MARS),Multiple Linear Regression(MLR),and Random Forest(RF)models are used to predict power values using data from installed PVpanels.Panel values obtained under real field conditions were used to train the models,and the results were compared.The Multilayer Perceptron(MLP)model was achieved with the highest classification accuracy of 0.990%.The machine learning models used for solar energy forecasting show high performance and produce results close to actual values.Models like Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP)and Random Forest(RF)can be used in diverse locations based on load demand.展开更多
Serving as the initiating explosive devices between the propellant tank and the engines,metal-based rupture diaphragms are widely used in ramjet igniters owing to the advantages provided by their simple structure,smal...Serving as the initiating explosive devices between the propellant tank and the engines,metal-based rupture diaphragms are widely used in ramjet igniters owing to the advantages provided by their simple structure,small size,and low cost.However,the reliability of rupture pressure directly affects the success of engine ignition and rocket launch,which is mainly influenced by factors like material,structure,and residual thickness of the surface notch of the diaphragm.Among those,the geometry of the notch is easy to define and control when compared to the mechanical parameters of the ruptured diaphragm.Thus,to make the diaphragm rupture(1A30 Al)within the required pressure range(0.4 MPa±3.5%)with highly sensitive and reliability,we draw inspiration from the arthropod’s force-sensitive slit organ which encompasses curved microgrooves to design a Ω-shaped notch for the rupture diaphragm.Finite element analysis is used to study the relationship between the burst pressure and geometric dimension of theΩ-shaped and bioinspired microgroove.Based on that,metal-based rupture diaphragms are fabricated by femtosecond laser processing technology,followed by rupture tests.Experiment results demonstrate that the practical rupture pressure of the diaphragm is highly consistent with the finite element analysis results,which verifies the effectiveness of the bionic design.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma presents with three distinct immune phenotypes,including immune-desert,immune-excluded,and immune-inflamed,indicating various treatment responses and prognostic outcomes.The clinical applicati...Hepatocellular carcinoma presents with three distinct immune phenotypes,including immune-desert,immune-excluded,and immune-inflamed,indicating various treatment responses and prognostic outcomes.The clinical application of multi-omics parameters is still restricted by the expensive and less accessible assays,although they accurately reflect immune status.A comprehensive evaluation framework based on“easy-to-obtain”multi-model clinical parameters is urgently required,incorporating clinical features to establish baseline patient profiles and disease staging;routine blood tests assessing systemic metabolic and functional status;immune cell subsets quantifying subcluster dynamics;imaging features delineating tumor morphology,spatial configuration,and perilesional anatomical relationships;immunohistochemical markers positioning qualitative and quantitative detection of tumor antigens from the cellular and molecular level.This integrated phenomic approach aims to improve prognostic stratification and clinical decision-making in hepatocellular carcinoma management conveniently and practically.展开更多
Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations...Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.展开更多
The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.A...The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.展开更多
This paper investigates the reliability of internal marine combustion engines using an integrated approach that combines Fault Tree Analysis(FTA)and Bayesian Networks(BN).FTA provides a structured,top-down method for ...This paper investigates the reliability of internal marine combustion engines using an integrated approach that combines Fault Tree Analysis(FTA)and Bayesian Networks(BN).FTA provides a structured,top-down method for identifying critical failure modes and their root causes,while BN introduces flexibility in probabilistic reasoning,enabling dynamic updates based on new evidence.This dual methodology overcomes the limitations of static FTA models,offering a comprehensive framework for system reliability analysis.Critical failures,including External Leakage(ELU),Failure to Start(FTS),and Overheating(OHE),were identified as key risks.By incorporating redundancy into high-risk components such as pumps and batteries,the likelihood of these failures was significantly reduced.For instance,redundant pumps reduced the probability of ELU by 31.88%,while additional batteries decreased the occurrence of FTS by 36.45%.The results underscore the practical benefits of combining FTA and BN for enhancing system reliability,particularly in maritime applications where operational safety and efficiency are critical.This research provides valuable insights for maintenance planning and highlights the importance of redundancy in critical systems,especially as the industry transitions toward more autonomous vessels.展开更多
基金“High precision prestack reverse time depth migration imaging of long array seismic data in the East China Sea Shelf Basin”of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42106207)“Seismic acquisition technology for deep strata under strong shielding layers in the sea and rugged seabed”of Laoshan Laboratory Science and Technology Innovation Project(No.LSKJ202203404)“Research on the compensation methods of the middledeep weak seismic reflections in the South Yellow Sea based on multi-resolution HHT time-frequency analysis”of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42106208).
文摘The seismic data of the Laoshan Uplift in the South Yellow Sea Basin reveal a low signal-tonoise ratio and low refl ection signal energy in the deep Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata.The main reason is that the Mesozoic-Paleozoic marine carbonate rock strata are directly covered by the Cenozoic terrestrial clastic rock strata,which form a strong shielding layer.To obtain the reflection signals of the strata below the strong shielding layer,a one-way wave equation bidirectional illumination analysis of the main observation system parameters was conducted by analyzing the mechanism of the strong shielding layer.Low-frequency seismic sources are assumed to have a high illumination intensity on the reflection layer below the strong shielding layer.Accordingly,optimized acquisition parameter suggestions were proposed,and reacquisition was performed at the existing survey line locations in the Laoshan Uplift area.The imaging of the newly acquired data in the middle and deep layers was drastically improved.It revealed the unconformity between the Sinian and Cambrian under the strong shielding layer.The study yielded new insights into the tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the Lower Paleozoic in the South Yellow Sea.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52405443)the Technology Research and Development Plan of China Railway(Grant No.N2023G063)the Fund of China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited(Grant No.2023YJ054).
文摘Purpose–To investigate the influence of vehicle operation speed,curve geometry parameters and rail profile parameters on wheel–rail creepage in high-speed railway curves and propose a multi-parameter coordinated optimization strategy to reduce wheel–rail contact fatigue damage.Design/methodology/approach–Taking a small-radius curve of a high-speed railway as the research object,field measurements were conducted to obtain track parameters and wheel–rail profiles.A coupled vehicle-track dynamics model was established.Multiple numerical experiments were designed using the Latin Hypercube Sampling method to extract wheel-rail creepage indicators and construct a parameter-creepage response surface model.Findings–Key service parameters affecting wheel–rail creepage were identified,including the matching relationship between curve geometry and vehicle speed and rail profile parameters.The influence patterns of various parameters on wheel–rail creepage were revealed through response surface analysis,leading to the establishment of parameter optimization criteria.Originality/value–This study presents the systematic investigation of wheel–rail creepage characteristics under multi-parameter coupling in high-speed railway curves.A response surface-based parameter-creepage relationship model was established,and a multi-parameter coordinated optimization strategy was proposed.The research findings provide theoretical guidance for controlling wheel–rail contact fatigue damage and optimizing wheel–rail profiles in high-speed railway curves.
基金Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), VNU-HCM for supporting this study
文摘In this study,an improved integrated radial basis function with nonuniform shape parameter is introduced.The proposed shape parameter varies in each support domain and is defined byθ=1/d_(max),where d_(max)is the maximum distance of any pair of nodes in the support domain.The proposed method is verified and shows good performance.The results are stable and accurate with any number of nodes and an arbitrary nodal distribution.Notably,the support domain should be large enough to obtain accurate results.This method is then applied for transient analysis of curved shell structures made from functionally graded materials with complex geometries.Through several numerical examples,the accuracy of the proposed approach is demonstrated and discussed.Additionally,the influence of various factors on the dynamic behavior of the structures,including the power-law index,different materials,loading conditions,and geometrical parameters of the structures,was investigated.
基金Science and Technology Plan Project of Xizang Autonomous Region,China under Grant No.XZ202501YD0007。
文摘A novel porous shock absorption layer is put forward in this study, and the shock absorption performance of the porous shock absorption layer is evaluated based on three-dimensional pseudo-static analysis. The modified reaction acceleration method is adopted and validated in the three-dimensional model. Seven ground motions are selected and the peak ground acceleration is adjusted to 0.2 g, 0.4 g and 0.6 g. The impact of the void ratio and thickness of the porous shock absorption layer is studied, while the surrounding rock grade and tunnel depth are also investigated. The numerical results show that the porous shock absorption layer has good shock absorption performance and can effectively reduce the maximum internal force of the secondary lining, but it cannot reduce the maximum horizontal relative displacement of the secondary lining. The circumferential rubber strip in the porous shock absorption layer will reduce shock absorption performance. The results of parameter analysis indicate that the shock absorption performance of the porous shock absorption layer increases with the increase of the void ratio and thickness, and it has good shock absorption performance under different surrounding rock grades and tunnel depths.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52090081,52079068)the State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering(Grant No.2021-KY-04).
文摘Accurate determination of rock mass parameters is essential for ensuring the accuracy of numericalsimulations. Displacement back-analysis is the most widely used method;however, the reliability of thecurrent approaches remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, in this paper, a multistage rock mass parameterback-analysis method, that considers the construction process and displacement losses is proposed andimplemented through the coupling of numerical simulation, auto-machine learning (AutoML), andmulti-objective optimization algorithms (MOOAs). First, a parametric modeling platform for mechanizedtwin tunnels is developed, generating a dataset through extensive numerical simulations. Next, theAutoML method is utilized to establish a surrogate model linking rock parameters and displacements.The tunnel construction process is divided into multiple stages, transforming the rock mass parameterback-analysis into a multi-objective optimization problem, for which multi-objective optimization algorithmsare introduced to obtain the rock mass parameters. The newly proposed rock mass parameterback-analysis method is validated in a mechanized twin tunnel project, and its accuracy and effectivenessare demonstrated. Compared with traditional single-stage back-analysis methods, the proposedmodel decreases the average absolute percentage error from 12.73% to 4.34%, significantly improving theaccuracy of the back-analysis. Moreover, although the accuracy of back analysis significantly increaseswith the number of construction stages considered, the back analysis time is acceptable. This studyprovides a new method for displacement back analysis that is efficient and accurate, thereby paving theway for precise parameter determination in numerical simulations.
文摘BACKGROUND Sagittal spinopelvic alignment(SSA)is essential for preserving a stable and effective upright posture and locomotion.Although alterations in the SSA are recognised to induce compensatory modifications in the pelvis,hips,and knees,the inverse relationship concerning knee pathology undergoing total knee arthroplasty(TKA)has been examined by a limited number of studies,yielding inconclusive results.AIM To generate evidence of the effect of TKA on the SSA from existing literature.METHODS Databases like PubMed,EMBASE,and Scopus were used to identify articles related to the“knee spine syndrome”phenomenon using a combination of subject terms and keywords such as“spinopelvic parameters”,“sagittal spinal balance”,and“total knee arthroplasty”were used with appropriate Boolean operators.Studies measuring the SSA following TKA were included,and research was conducted as per preferred reporting items for systematic review and metaanalysis guidelines.RESULTS A total of 475 participants had undergone TKA,and six studies measuring SSA were analysed.Following TKA,pelvic tilt was the only parameter that showed significant changes,while lumbar lordosis(LL),pelvic incidence,and sacral slope were non-significant,as evident from the forest plots.CONCLUSION The body's sagittal alignment is a complex balance between pelvic,spine,and lower extremity parameters.TKA,while having the potential to correct the flexion contracture,can also correct it.Still,the primary SSA for spinal pathology,i.e.,LL,may not be corrected in patients with co-existent spinal degenerative disease.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 42274159the Project supported by Key Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application,MNR under contract No.2023CFO016。
文摘The research on ocean dynamics information plays a crucial role in understanding ocean phenomena, assessing marine environmental impacts, and guiding engineering designs. The Doppler information observed by radars reflects sea surface dynamics, to which ocean waves make important contributions. Low-incidence-angle real aperture radar(RAR)demonstrates great potential for independently observing vectorial Doppler information on the ocean surface. To systematically characterize and accurately estimate the wave-induced Doppler frequency shift(WVF) from lowincidence-angle RAR, this study conducts comprehensive influencing factor analysis and establishes sea-stateparameterized WVF models. First, a simulated WVF dataset is generated under a rotating low-incidence-angle RAR.The feature parameters of WVF are then determined by analysing contributing factors including wind waves, swells,and sea state parameters. Furthermore, two WVF models(WVF_Ku P9 with 9 inputs and WVF_Ku P4 with 4 inputs) are constructed by the Transformer encoder for different application scenarios. Both models achieve high accuracy for WVF estimation with root mean square errors(RMSE) of 1.874 Hz and 2.716 Hz, respectively. The reliability and superiority of the proposed models are validated through comparisons with the Ka DOP, which is a typical geophysical model function(GMF). The findings in this paper advance the understanding of WVF characteristics and generation mechanisms. The proposed estimation models can provide reliable estimates, offering critical references for lowincidence-angle RAR applications such as ocean surface current retrieval.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32070582)the Joint Foundation of He Lin Academical Workstation of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University(2023HLLH01)the Plan on enhancing scientific research in GMU(2024SRP125).
文摘Investigating the correlation between micronucleus formation and male infertility has the potential to improve clinical diagnosis and deepen our understanding of pathological progression. Our study enrolled 2252 male patients whose semen was analyzed from March 2023 to July 2023. Their clinical data, including semen parameters and age, were also collected. Genetic analysis was used to determine whether the sex chromosome involved in male infertility was abnormal (including the increase, deletion, and translocation of the X and Y chromosomes), and subsequent semen analysis was conducted for clinical grouping purposes. The participants were categorized into five groups: normozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, oligozoospermia, oligoasthenozoospermia, and azoospermia. Patients were randomly selected for further study;41 patients with normozoospermia were included in the control group and 117 patients with non-normozoospermia were included in the study group according to the proportions of all enrolled patients. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) screening was conducted through peripheral blood. Statistical analysis was used to determine the differences in micronuclei (MNi) among the groups and the relationships between MNi and clinical data. There was a significant increase in MNi in infertile men, including those with azoospermia, compared with normozoospermic patients, but there was no significant difference between the genetic and nongenetic groups in azoospermic men. The presence of MNi was associated with sperm concentration, progressive sperm motility, immotile spermatozoa, malformed spermatozoa, total sperm count, and total sperm motility. This study underscores the potential utility of MNi as a diagnostic tool and highlights the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of male infertility.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFE0200400).
文摘The accurate selection of operational parameters is critical for ensuring the safety,efficiency,and automation of Tunnel Boring Machine(TBM)operations.This study proposes a similarity-based framework integrating model-based boring indexes(derived from rock fragmentation mechanisms)and Euclidean distance analysis to achieve real-time recommendations of TBM operational parameters.Key performance indicators-thrust(F),torque(T),and penetration(p)-were used to calculate three model-based boring indexes(a,b,k),which quantify dynamic rock fragmentation behavior.A dataset of 359 candidate samples,reflecting diverse geological conditions from the Yin-Chao water conveyance project in Inner Mongolia,China,was utilized to validate the framework.The system dynamically recommends parameters by matching real-time data with historical cases through standardized Euclidean distance,achieving high accuracy.Specifically,the mean absolute error(MAE)for rotation speed(n)was 0.10 r/min,corresponding to a mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of 1.09%.For advance rate(v),the MAE was 3.4 mm/min,with a MAPE of 4.50%.The predicted thrust(F)and torque(T)values exhibited strong agreement with field measurements,with MAEs of 270 kN and 178 kN∙m,respectively.Field applications demonstrated a 30%reduction in parameter adjustment time compared to empirical methods.This work provides a robust solution for real-time TBM control,advancing intelligent tunneling in complex geological environments.
文摘AIM:To analyze the characteristics and correlation of phacoemulsification parameters and anterior segment parameters in cataract patients with different blood glucose levels.METHODS:A total of 45 type 2 diabetic cataract patients(45 eyes)treated in our hospital from March 2023 to April 2024 were stratified into two groups based on glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels:group A:HbA1c<7%(n=18)and group B:7%≤HbA1c<8.5%(n=27);a total of 94 age-matched age-related cataract patients(94 eyes)were enrolled as the control group(group C).All underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation.Anterior segment parameters,including corneal,lens and anterior chamber measurements,were recorded.Correlations between phacoemulsification parameters and anterior segment parameters were analyzed,and differences among groups were compared.RESULTS:In groups A and B,effective phacoemulsification time(EPT)negatively correlated with corneal endothelial cell density(CECD)(r=-0.315,P=0.035).Average phacoemulsification time(APT)positively correlated with the anterior corneal surface radius of curvature(Rm;r=0.402,P=0.006)and negatively correlated with the flat axis meridian curvature(K 1),steep axis meridian curvature(K 2),mean curvature(Km)of the anterior corneal surface,and lens density at 6 mm zones(PDZ3;all P<0.05).Average phacoemulsification energy(AVE)positively correlated with mean lens density(LD-mean),lens density at 2 mm zones(PDZ1),lens density at 4 mm zones(PDZ2),and PDZ3(all P<0.05),and negatively with pupil diameter(r=-0.385,P=0.009).In the group C,EPT showed a positive correlation with Pentacam nucleus staging(PNS)density grade,PDZ1,PDZ2,and PDZ3(all P<0.05).A positive correlation was observed between AVE and PNS classification(r=0.246,P=0.018).Conversely,AVE exhibited a negative correlation with CECD(r=-0.245,P=0.018).EPT in groups A and B was higher than that in the group C(P<0.05).Both EPT and APT in the group B were higher than those in the group A(P<0.05).In diabetic cataract patients,CECD,corneal density(CD),and posterior corneal surface height positively correlated with diabetes duration(P<0.05).Posterior corneal surface K 1 and Rm positively correlated with 7%≤HbA1c<8.5%(P<0.05).Total corneal astigmatism negatively correlated with HbA1c,2-hour post-breakfast blood glucose(2hPBG),and fasting insulin(FINS;P<0.05).CD and lens thickness(LT)positively correlated with FINS(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Phacoemulsification parameters and blood glucose-related indices exhibited varying degrees of correlation with anterior segment parameters in cataract patients with different blood glucose levels.EPT in diabetic cataract patients was higher than that in age-related cataract patients,while EPT and APT in diabetic cataract patients with poor glycemic control were higher than those with good glycemic control.
基金funded by the INTER program and cofunded by the Fond National de la Recherche,Luxembourg(FNR)and the Fund for Scientific Research-FNRS,Belgium(F.R.S-FNRS),T.0233.20-‘Sustainable Residential Densification’project(SusDens,2020–2024).
文摘The impact of different global and local variables in urban development processes requires a systematic study to fully comprehend the underlying complexities in them.The interplay between such variables is crucial for modelling urban growth to closely reflects reality.Despite extensive research,ambiguity remains about how variations in these input variables influence urban densification.In this study,we conduct a global sensitivity analysis(SA)using a multinomial logistic regression(MNL)model to assess the model’s explanatory and predictive power.We examine the influence of global variables,including spatial resolution,neighborhood size,and density classes,under different input combinations at a provincial scale to understand their impact on densification.Additionally,we perform a stepwise regression to identify the significant explanatory variables that are important for understanding densification in the Brussels Metropolitan Area(BMA).Our results indicate that a finer spatial resolution of 50 m and 100 m,smaller neighborhood size of 5×5 and 3×3,and specific density classes—namely 3(non-built-up,low and high built-up)and 4(non-built-up,low,medium and high built-up)—optimally explain and predict urban densification.In line with the same,the stepwise regression reveals that models with a coarser resolution of 300 m lack significant variables,reflecting a lower explanatory power for densification.This approach aids in identifying optimal and significant global variables with higher explanatory power for understanding and predicting urban densification.Furthermore,these findings are reproducible in a global urban context,offering valuable insights for planners,modelers and geographers in managing future urban growth and minimizing modelling.
基金jointly funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42161024)the Central Financial Forestry and Grassland Science and Technology Extension Demonstration Project(2025)(Grant No.Xin[2025]TG 09)。
文摘Accurate quantification of carbon and water fluxes dynamics in arid and semi-arid ecosystems is a critical scientific challenge for regional carbon neutrality assessments and sustainable water resource management.In this study,we developed a multi-flux global sensitivity discriminant index(D_(sen))by integrating the Biome-BGCMuSo model with eddy covariance flux observations.This index was combined with a Bayesian optimization algorithm to conduct parameter optimization.The results demonstrated that:(1)Sensitivity analysis identified 13 highly sensitive parameters affecting carbon and water fluxes.Among these,the canopy light extinction coefficient(k)and the fraction of leaf N in Rubisco(FLNR)exhibited significantly higher sensitivity to carbon fluxes(GPP,NEE,Reco;D_(sen)>10%)compared to water flux(ET).This highlights the strong dependence of carbon cycle simulations on vegetation physiological parameters.(2)The Bayesian optimization framework efficiently converged 30 parameter spaces within 50 iterations,markedly improving carbon fluxes simulation accuracy.The Kling-Gupta efficiency(KGE)values for Gross Primary Production(GPP),Net Ecosystem Exchange(NEE),and Total Respiration(Reco)increased by 44.94%,69.23%and 123%,respectively.The optimization prioritized highly sensitive parameters,underscoring the necessity of parameter sensitivity stratification.(3)The optimized model effectively reproduced carbon sink characteristics in mountain meadows during the growing season(cumulative NEE=-375 g C/m^(2)).It revealed synergistic carbon-water fluxes interactions governed by coupled photosynthesis-stomatal pathways and identified substrate supply limitations on heterotrophic respiration.This study proposes a novel multi-flux sensitivity index and an efficient optimization framework,elucidating the coupling mechanisms between vegetation physiological regulation(k,FLNR)and environmental stressors(VPD,SWD)in carbonwater cycles.The methodology offers a practical approach for arid ecosystem model optimization and provides theoretical insights for grassland management through canopy structure regulation and water-use efficiency enhancement.
基金supported by Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline ProjectThe Intramural Research Program of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,No. 4910Qingdao West Coast New Area Science and Technology Project,No. 2020-55 (all to SW)。
文摘Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.
基金National Key R&D Program of China under Grant Nos.2018YFC1504504 and 2018YFC0809404。
文摘Damage to electrical equipment in an earthquake can lead to power outage of power systems.Seismic fragility analysis is a common method to assess the seismic reliability of electrical equipment.To further guarantee the efficiency of analysis,multi-source uncertainties including the structure itself and seismic excitation need to be considered.A method for seismic fragility analysis that reflects structural and seismic parameter uncertainty was developed in this study.The proposed method used a random sampling method based on Latin hypercube sampling(LHS)to account for the structure parameter uncertainty and the group structure characteristics of electrical equipment.Then,logistic Lasso regression(LLR)was used to find the seismic fragility surface based on double ground motion intensity measures(IM).The seismic fragility based on the finite element model of an±1000 kV main transformer(UHVMT)was analyzed using the proposed method.The results show that the seismic fragility function obtained by this method can be used to construct the relationship between the uncertainty parameters and the failure probability.The seismic fragility surface did not only provide the probabilities of seismic damage states under different IMs,but also had better stability than the fragility curve.Furthermore,the sensitivity analysis of the structural parameters revealed that the elastic module of the bushing and the height of the high-voltage bushing may have a greater influence.
文摘This research investigates the influence of indoor and outdoor factors on photovoltaic(PV)power generation at Utrecht University to accurately predict PV system performance by identifying critical impact factors and improving renewable energy efficiency.To predict plant efficiency,nineteen variables are analyzed,consisting of nine indoor photovoltaic panel characteristics(Open Circuit Voltage(Voc),Short Circuit Current(Isc),Maximum Power(Pmpp),Maximum Voltage(Umpp),Maximum Current(Impp),Filling Factor(FF),Parallel Resistance(Rp),Series Resistance(Rs),Module Temperature)and ten environmental factors(Air Temperature,Air Humidity,Dew Point,Air Pressure,Irradiation,Irradiation Propagation,Wind Speed,Wind Speed Propagation,Wind Direction,Wind Direction Propagation).This study provides a new perspective not previously addressed in the literature.In this study,different machine learning methods such as Multilayer Perceptron(MLP),Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline(MARS),Multiple Linear Regression(MLR),and Random Forest(RF)models are used to predict power values using data from installed PVpanels.Panel values obtained under real field conditions were used to train the models,and the results were compared.The Multilayer Perceptron(MLP)model was achieved with the highest classification accuracy of 0.990%.The machine learning models used for solar energy forecasting show high performance and produce results close to actual values.Models like Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP)and Random Forest(RF)can be used in diverse locations based on load demand.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4601700).
文摘Serving as the initiating explosive devices between the propellant tank and the engines,metal-based rupture diaphragms are widely used in ramjet igniters owing to the advantages provided by their simple structure,small size,and low cost.However,the reliability of rupture pressure directly affects the success of engine ignition and rocket launch,which is mainly influenced by factors like material,structure,and residual thickness of the surface notch of the diaphragm.Among those,the geometry of the notch is easy to define and control when compared to the mechanical parameters of the ruptured diaphragm.Thus,to make the diaphragm rupture(1A30 Al)within the required pressure range(0.4 MPa±3.5%)with highly sensitive and reliability,we draw inspiration from the arthropod’s force-sensitive slit organ which encompasses curved microgrooves to design a Ω-shaped notch for the rupture diaphragm.Finite element analysis is used to study the relationship between the burst pressure and geometric dimension of theΩ-shaped and bioinspired microgroove.Based on that,metal-based rupture diaphragms are fabricated by femtosecond laser processing technology,followed by rupture tests.Experiment results demonstrate that the practical rupture pressure of the diaphragm is highly consistent with the finite element analysis results,which verifies the effectiveness of the bionic design.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma presents with three distinct immune phenotypes,including immune-desert,immune-excluded,and immune-inflamed,indicating various treatment responses and prognostic outcomes.The clinical application of multi-omics parameters is still restricted by the expensive and less accessible assays,although they accurately reflect immune status.A comprehensive evaluation framework based on“easy-to-obtain”multi-model clinical parameters is urgently required,incorporating clinical features to establish baseline patient profiles and disease staging;routine blood tests assessing systemic metabolic and functional status;immune cell subsets quantifying subcluster dynamics;imaging features delineating tumor morphology,spatial configuration,and perilesional anatomical relationships;immunohistochemical markers positioning qualitative and quantitative detection of tumor antigens from the cellular and molecular level.This integrated phenomic approach aims to improve prognostic stratification and clinical decision-making in hepatocellular carcinoma management conveniently and practically.
基金supported by grants from the Tianjin Health Technology Project(Grant no.2022QN106).
文摘Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52034002 and U2202254)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-TT-19-001)。
文摘The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.
基金supported by Istanbul Technical University(Project No.45698)supported through the“Young Researchers’Career Development Project-training of doctoral students”of the Croatian Science Foundation.
文摘This paper investigates the reliability of internal marine combustion engines using an integrated approach that combines Fault Tree Analysis(FTA)and Bayesian Networks(BN).FTA provides a structured,top-down method for identifying critical failure modes and their root causes,while BN introduces flexibility in probabilistic reasoning,enabling dynamic updates based on new evidence.This dual methodology overcomes the limitations of static FTA models,offering a comprehensive framework for system reliability analysis.Critical failures,including External Leakage(ELU),Failure to Start(FTS),and Overheating(OHE),were identified as key risks.By incorporating redundancy into high-risk components such as pumps and batteries,the likelihood of these failures was significantly reduced.For instance,redundant pumps reduced the probability of ELU by 31.88%,while additional batteries decreased the occurrence of FTS by 36.45%.The results underscore the practical benefits of combining FTA and BN for enhancing system reliability,particularly in maritime applications where operational safety and efficiency are critical.This research provides valuable insights for maintenance planning and highlights the importance of redundancy in critical systems,especially as the industry transitions toward more autonomous vessels.
