Objective:To evaluate the global,regional,and national burden and determinants of Acute Respiratory Infections(ARIs)among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021.Methods:We analysed ARI mortality and disability-adj...Objective:To evaluate the global,regional,and national burden and determinants of Acute Respiratory Infections(ARIs)among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021.Methods:We analysed ARI mortality and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),stratified by age,sex,and economic development level based on data retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.Decomposition and frontier analyses were employed to identify key drivers of burden variation and visualize potential reductions based on development levels.Results:Between 1990 and 2021,the global burden of ARIs showed a significant decline in both achievable age-standardized DALYs rate and age-standardized mortality rates(EAPC=-3.87 and-3.81,respectively).Different age groups and sex witnessed different levels of ARI burden,males experienced heavier burden than females and the 0-4 years-old group experienced heavier burden than other study age groups.Most of the 204 countries and territories experienced a downward trend of ARI burden,with slight increases observed only in Lesotho and Dominica.A negative correlation was found between the Socio-demographic Index and ARI burden.Decomposition analysis indicated that the significant decreases in deaths and DALYs were primarily driven by epidemiological changes.Conclusions:The global burden of ARIs among children and adolescents has declined over the past three decades,but substantial regional disparities persist.Targeted public health strategies are needed to address the continued ARI burden in high-risk regions and vulnerable age groups.展开更多
Earthquakes are highly destructive spatio-temporal phenomena whose analysis is essential for disaster preparedness and risk mitigation.Modern seismological research produces vast volumes of heterogeneous data from sei...Earthquakes are highly destructive spatio-temporal phenomena whose analysis is essential for disaster preparedness and risk mitigation.Modern seismological research produces vast volumes of heterogeneous data from seismic networks,satellite observations,and geospatial repositories,creating the need for scalable infrastructures capable of integrating and analyzing such data to support intelligent decision-making.Data warehousing technologies provide a robust foundation for this purpose;however,existing earthquake-oriented data warehouses remain limited,often relying on simplified schemas,domain-specific analytics,or cataloguing efforts.This paper presents the design and implementation of a spatio-temporal data warehouse for seismic activity.The framework integrates spatial and temporal dimensions in a unified schema and introduces a novel array-based approach for managing many-to-many relationships between facts and dimensions without intermediate bridge tables.A comparative evaluation against a conventional bridge-table schema demonstrates that the array-based design improves fact-centric query performance,while the bridge-table schema remains advantageous for dimension-centric queries.To reconcile these trade-offs,a hybrid schema is proposed that retains both representations,ensuring balanced efficiency across heterogeneous workloads.The proposed framework demonstrates how spatio-temporal data warehousing can address schema complexity,improve query performance,and support multidimensional visualization.In doing so,it provides a foundation for integrating seismic analysis into broader big data-driven intelligent decision systems for disaster resilience,risk mitigation,and emergency management.展开更多
This study investigates in-station pressure drop mechanisms in a shale gas gathering system,providing a quantitative basis for flow system optimization.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations,based on field-measu...This study investigates in-station pressure drop mechanisms in a shale gas gathering system,providing a quantitative basis for flow system optimization.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations,based on field-measured parameters related to a representative case(a shale gas platform located in Sichuan,China)are conducted to analyze the flow characteristics of specific fittings and manifolds,and to quantify fitting resistance coefficients and manifold inlet interference.The resulting coefficients are integrated into a full-station gathering network model in PipeSim,which,combined with production data,enables evaluation of pressure losses and identification of equivalent pipeline blockages.The results indicate that the resistance coefficients,valid only for fittings under the studied field-specific geometries,are 0.21 for 90◦elbows in the fully open position,0.16 for gate valve passages in the fully open position,and 2.3 for globe valve passages.Manifold interference decreases with lower high-pressure inlet values,whereas inlets farther from the high-pressure side experience stronger disturbances.Interestingly,significant discrepancies between simulated and measured pressure drops reveal partial blockages,corresponding to effective diameter reductions of 65 mm,38 mm,44 mm,38 mm,and 28 mm for Wells 1#,3#,5#,and 6#,respectively.展开更多
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons.Early-stage axonal dysfunction,rather than central nervous system injury,plays a key role in the disease process.However,the mole...Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons.Early-stage axonal dysfunction,rather than central nervous system injury,plays a key role in the disease process.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying this dysfunction remain unclear.To investigate the relationship between peripheral immune dysregulation and axonal dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,we recruited 372 patients within the first 12 months of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis onset between January 2018 and May 2024.We collected peripheral immune markers at baseline,including total leukocytes,lymphocytes,monocytes,neutrophils,basophils,eosinophils,and platelets.We also calculated four derived ratios:neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio,and systemic immune inflammation index.Multivariate analysis,adjusted for confounding factors,revealed that higher counts of total leukocytes and neutrophils,as well as higher neutrophil-related ratios,including the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and the systemic immune inflammation index,were significantly correlated with higher compound muscle action potential scores.Stratified analyses revealed that these associations varied by age and sex.Furthermore,mediation analysis demonstrated that axonal dysfunction plays a significant role in the relationship between immune markers and disease progression.These findings emphasize the critical role that peripheral immune dysregulation plays in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis progression by mediating peripheral nerve injury,particularly in the early stages of the disease.This study highlights the importance of the peripheral nervous system in the early stages of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and provides new insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.展开更多
We investigate the alpha helical protein structure characterized by fourth-order interspine coupling,focusing on a three-coupled fourth-order nonlinear Schr??dinger system.We introduce a generalized Darboux transforma...We investigate the alpha helical protein structure characterized by fourth-order interspine coupling,focusing on a three-coupled fourth-order nonlinear Schr??dinger system.We introduce a generalized Darboux transformation,departing from the classical Darboux transformation.Based on this,we construct the two-and three-degenerate soliton solutions and four-degenerate asymptotic soliton solutions.Based on the asymptotic analysis,we find that the amplitudes of interacting solitons are retained upon the interactions.Elastic interactions between two degenerate solitons exhibiting four curve-type asymptotic solitons are depicted.When the lattice parameterβchanges,the velocities of the two degenerate solitons also change.Elastic interaction among three degenerate solitons comprising four curve-type asymptotic solitons and two line-type solitons is presented.Interaction among one soliton and two degenerate solitons with different velocities is shown.Elastic interaction among four degenerate solitons comprising eight curve-type asymptotic solitons is also presented.Interaction among two two-degenerate solitons with two spectral parameters is shown.The relative distance between two asymptotic solitons exhibits logarithmic growth with|t|,where t represents the retarded time.Acceleration of soliton separation decays exponentially with relative distance,and eventually approaches zero.Phase shifts depend on t.展开更多
The Savitzky-Golay(SG)filter,which employs polynomial least-squares approximations to smooth data and estimate derivatives,is widely used for processing noisy data.However,noise suppression by the SG filter is recogni...The Savitzky-Golay(SG)filter,which employs polynomial least-squares approximations to smooth data and estimate derivatives,is widely used for processing noisy data.However,noise suppression by the SG filter is recognized to be limited at data boundaries and high frequencies,which can significantly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).To solve this problem,a novel method synergistically integrating Principal Component Analysis(PCA)with SG filtering is proposed in this paper.This approach avoids the is-sue of excessive smoothing associated with larger window sizes.The proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm was applied to a CO gas sensing system based on Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy(CRDS).The perform-ance of the PCA-SG filtering algorithm is demonstrated through comparison with Moving Average Filtering(MAF),Wavelet Transformation(WT),Kalman Filtering(KF),and the SG filter.The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior noise reduction capabilities compared to the other algorithms evaluated.The SNR of the ring-down signal was improved from 11.8612 dB to 29.0913 dB,and the stand-ard deviation of the extracted ring-down time constant was reduced from 0.037μs to 0.018μs.These results confirm that the proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm effectively improves the smoothness of the ring-down curve data,demonstrating its feasibility.展开更多
Red-fleshed fruits are valued for their vibrant color and high anthocyanin content.Pre-harvest fruit bagging enhances fruit peel pigmentation,but its effect on flesh coloration remains poorly characterized.This study ...Red-fleshed fruits are valued for their vibrant color and high anthocyanin content.Pre-harvest fruit bagging enhances fruit peel pigmentation,but its effect on flesh coloration remains poorly characterized.This study revealed that removing bags from‘Gengcunyangtao’red-fleshed peach fruits triggers the rapid and uniform accumulation of anthocyanins in the flesh,resulting in anthocyanin levels that exceed those in unbagged fruits.The exposure to light after bag removal triggered significant increases in anthocyanin levels within 24 h.This was accompanied by the rapid upregulation of light-responsive and flavonoid biosynthetic gene expression levels within 6 h.A metabolomic analysis indicated that anthocyanin precursors,especially p-coumaric acid,accumulated before bag removal,thereby increasing substrate availability for rapid anthocyanin synthesis.On the basis of a weighted gene co-expression network analysis,MYB transcription factors,anthocyanin transporters,glutathione S-transferase,and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion(MATE)were identified as key regulators that coordinate precursor storage along with light-induced transcriptional activation.Notably,PpMYB4 binds to the promoter of PpGSTF14 and activates its expression,thereby promoting anthocyanin accumulation.The study findings elucidated the temporal coordination of metabolic priming and light-responsive transcriptional regulation driving rapid anthocyanin biosynthesis,with possible implications for improving peach fruit flesh coloration.展开更多
The water hammer problem is an important issue in the dynamics of liquid propulsion system.This paper aims to use the Lattice Boltzmann Method(LBM)with entropy limiter to study the water hammer problems in propellant ...The water hammer problem is an important issue in the dynamics of liquid propulsion system.This paper aims to use the Lattice Boltzmann Method(LBM)with entropy limiter to study the water hammer problems in propellant feedlines.The dynamic characteristics of valve-closing water hammer and filling water hammer are investigated by this method,and the sensitivity of filling water hammer is analyzed with a single factor sensitivity analysis with 8 factors and 9 levels and a multi-factor sensitivity analysis with L_(27)(3^(13))orthogonal experiment based on range method.It is found that the solving result of LBM with entropy limiter is basically in good agreement with finite volume method,and using the entropy limiter can eliminate numerical oscillations when solving valve-closing water hammer problems and solve the numerical"blow up"when solving filling water hammer problems.It can be seen that the dynamic characteristics of valve-closing water hammer are relatively simple,while there are many factors that affect the filling water hammer and the degree of these effects varies.The effects on the maximum water hammer pressure are relatively uniform,but those on the water hammer response time vary greatly through the skewness analysis.展开更多
[Objective]This study aims to investigate the multi-body hydrodynamic interaction mechanisms during offshore lifting operations of aquaculture net cages in wind-fishery integration systems.By integrating numerical sim...[Objective]This study aims to investigate the multi-body hydrodynamic interaction mechanisms during offshore lifting operations of aquaculture net cages in wind-fishery integration systems.By integrating numerical simulations and dynamic analysis methods,this study systematically investigates the coupled dynamic response characteristics during the cage-carrier vessel separation process to reveal its dynamic evolution patterns and key influence mechanisms.[Method]Based on potential flow theory,a fully coupled dynamic analysis model of crane vessel-net cage-semi-submersible barge was established for a marine ranch project in Guangdong.The complete lifting process was dynamically simulated using SESAM software.Five typical operating sea states were configured to investigate the influence of wave parameters on the system's motion response under combined wave-current-wind actions.[Result]The results demonstrate that wave period dominates the system stability.Under short-period conditions,the system maintains stable motion with relatively small horizontal relative displacements,while long-period conditions excite low-frequency resonance,leading to significant slow-drift motions.Vertical response analysis reveals that long-period waves cause severe relative displacement fluctuations between the cage and semi-submersible vessel,with actual displacement amplitudes doubling the preset safety target of 2.045 m.Quantitative analysis further indicates that when significant wave height increases from 1.0 m to 1.5 m,the actual displacement amplitude increases by approximately 20%relative to the target displacement of 2.045 m,demonstrating that its influence is significantly weaker than the displacement variations induced by wave period changes.The complete dynamic simulation successfully captures the continuous dynamic response characteristics during the lifting process.[Conclusion]This research clarifies the influence mechanisms of wave parameters on the cage lifting process,identifying wave period as the crucial factor for operational safety.An operation window assessment method incorporating multi-body coupling effects is established,proposing a safety criterion with peak period not exceeding six seconds as the core requirement.The findings provide theoretical foundation for safe installation of marine ranch net cages and offer valuable references for similar offshore lifting operations.展开更多
The detection and characterization of non-metallic inclusions are essential for clean steel production.Recently,imaging analysis combined with high-dimensional data processing of metallic materials using artificial in...The detection and characterization of non-metallic inclusions are essential for clean steel production.Recently,imaging analysis combined with high-dimensional data processing of metallic materials using artificial intelligence(AI)-based machine learning(ML)has developed rapidly.This technique has achieved impressive results in the field of inclusion classification in process metallurgy.The present study surveys the ML modeling of inclusion prediction in advanced steels,including the detection,classification,and feature prediction of inclusions in different steel grades.Studies on clean steel with different features based on data and image analysis via ML are summarized.Regarding the data analysis,the inclusion prediction methodology based on ML establishes a connection between the experimental parameters and inclusion characteristics and analyzes the importance of the experimental parameters.Regarding the image analysis,the focus is placed on the classification of different types of inclusions via deep learning,in comparison with data analysis.Finally,further development of inclusion analyses using ML-based methods is recommended.This work paves the way for the application of AIbased methodologies for ultraclean-steel studies from a sustainable metallurgy perspective.展开更多
Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations...Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.展开更多
Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity p...Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.展开更多
The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.A...The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.展开更多
AIM:To perform a bibliometric analysis of publications focusing on inflammatory mechanisms in glaucoma,thereby comprehensively understanding the current research status and identifying potential frontier directions fo...AIM:To perform a bibliometric analysis of publications focusing on inflammatory mechanisms in glaucoma,thereby comprehensively understanding the current research status and identifying potential frontier directions for future studies.METHODS:A systematic search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)database to retrieve relevant literature published from January 1,2000,to August 31,2025(data accessed on September 12,2025).Multiple data visualization tools were employed to conduct in-depth analyses of the included publications,covering aspects such as publication quantity and quality,evolutionary trends of research hotspots,keyword cooccurrence networks,and collaborative patterns among countries/regions,institutions,and authors.RESULTS:A total of 3381 articles related to glaucoma inflammation were extracted from WoSCC.The analysis showed that the USA had the highest research output in this field(29.04%,n=982),followed by China(18.40%,n=622)and UK(6.01%,n=203).Based on citation frequency and burst intensity,the USA also ranked as the most influential country.Baudouin C and Sun X were identified as the most productive authors,while Journal of Glaucoma and Investigative Ophthalmology&Visual Science were the journals with the highest number of published relevant articles.Additionally,keyword analysis revealed that“neuroinflammation”,“retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)”,“pathophysiology”,and“traditional Chinese medicine”are emerging research hotspots in the field of immuneinflammatory responses in glaucoma.CONCLUSION:This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric overview of research on glaucoma-related inflammation,indicating that this field has received extensive scientific attention with a steady upward trend in research activity.Furthermore,it establishes a theoretical basis for the development of neuroinflammation-targeted therapeutic strategies for glaucoma and emphasizes the necessity of strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration to promote the clinical translation of research findings.展开更多
Mango(Mangifera indica L.)is one of the main economic crops in Hainan,China,prized for its distinctive flavor and high nutritional value.It is also rich in health-promoting antioxidants such as vitamin C and flavonoid...Mango(Mangifera indica L.)is one of the main economic crops in Hainan,China,prized for its distinctive flavor and high nutritional value.It is also rich in health-promoting antioxidants such as vitamin C and flavonoids.Enhanced ultraviolet-B(UV—B)radiation,a growing global environmental concern,alters plant antioxidant systems,with increased flavonoid accumulation as a common adaptive response.However,its effects on mango fruit remain largely unexplored.To investigate the antioxidant responses of mango to enhanced UV-B radiation and identify key responsive flavonoid compounds and regulatory genes,we exposed‘Tainong 1’mango fruits growing under natural light to 96 kJ·m^(-2)·d^(-1)of UV-B radiation to simulate high UV-B conditions.Treated fruits were smaller in size and had a pulp of a more intense yellow colour.Further,malondialdehyde content in treated fruits was higher during the phase of rapid fruit enlargement.Additionally,treated fruits showed increased sugar-acid ratios,total phenol,total flavonoid,carotenoid,and ascorbic acid contents.Furthermore,they showed significantly enhanced antioxidant activity,as measured by the FRAP,ABTS,and DPPH assays.Extensive targeted metabolomic-analysis identified flavonoids as the largest category of compounds differentially expressed in treated and control groups.Quantitative metabolomics of flavonoids identified hyperoside,quercimeritrin,and(-)-catechin gallate as the key flavonoid metabolites responsive to UV-B treatment.Transcriptome analysis revealed an enrichment of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway,with most associated differentially expressed genes showing upregulation.Furthermore,qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that the expression of the genes MiCHS7,MiCHI1,MiCHI2,MiFLS,MiF3H2,and MiF3H3 correlated with changes in key flavonoid metabolites.Indeed,correlation analysis indicated that MiCHS7,MiCHI1,MiFLS,and MiF3H3 are potential key genes involved in flavonoid accumulation under UV-B treatment.Thus,our study provides a theoretical basis for breeding for new resilient varieties and developing UV-B-resistant mango cultivation techniques.展开更多
This study investigates the uncertain dynamic characterization of hybrid composite plates by employing advanced machine-assisted finite element methodologies.Hybrid composites,widely used in aerospace,automotive,and s...This study investigates the uncertain dynamic characterization of hybrid composite plates by employing advanced machine-assisted finite element methodologies.Hybrid composites,widely used in aerospace,automotive,and structural applications,often face variability in material properties,geometric configurations,and manufacturing processes,leading to uncertainty in their dynamic response.To address this,three surrogate-based machine learning approaches like radial basis function(RBF),multivariate adaptive regression splines(MARS),and polynomial neural networks(PNN)are integrated with a finite element framework to efficiently capture the stochastic behavior of these plates.The research focuses on predicting the first three natural frequencies under material uncertainties,which are critical to ensuring structural reliability.Monte Carlo simulation(MCS)is used as a benchmark for generating probabilistic datasets,including mean values,standard deviations,and probability density functions.The surrogate models are then trained and validated against these datasets,enabling accurate representation of uncertainty with substantially fewer samples compared to conventionalMCS.Among the methods studied,the RBFmodel demonstrates superior performance,closely approximating MCS results with a reduced sample size,thereby achieving significant computational savings.The proposed framework not only reduces computational time and costs but also maintains high predictive accuracy,making it well-suited for complex engineering systems.Beyond free vibration analysis,the methodology can be extended to more sophisticated scenarios,such as forced vibration,damping effects,and nonlinear structural responses.Overall,this work presents a computationally efficient and robust approach for surrogate-based uncertainty quantification,advancing the analysis and design of hybrid composite structures under uncertainty.展开更多
Rock slope instability is a prevalent geological hazard that imposes significant adverse impacts on engineering activities.Although existing studies have focused on homogeneous rock slopes,the theoretical models for q...Rock slope instability is a prevalent geological hazard that imposes significant adverse impacts on engineering activities.Although existing studies have focused on homogeneous rock slopes,the theoretical models for quantifying the stability of softhard interbedded anti-inclined slopes remain underdeveloped,primarily due to the complex force transfer mechanisms involved.This study proposed a novel theoretical model for the stability analysis of soft-hard interbedded anti-inclined slopes under rainfall conditions.The framework models stratified rock layers as layered cantilever beams with material heterogeneity.Based on the principle of deformation compatibility,it comprehensively accounted for interlayer force transfer and strength degradation resulting from differential deformations among rock layers.Furthermore,it integrated the critical instability length induced by the self-weight of rock layers to determine the fracture depth.The proposed method was validated against engineering case studies and physical model tests,with error falling within an acceptable range.Compared to existing theoretical methods,the proposed method provided a more realistic representation of the slope's stress field.The analysis results demonstrate that rainfall not only reduces the inclination angle of the failure surface but also leads to an approximate 30%decrease in the safety factor.The proposed theoretical model is particularly useful for quickly calculating the stability of soft-hard interbedded anti-inclined rock slope under rainfall conditions,compared to complex and time-consuming numerical simulation calculations.展开更多
For red pear,the anthocyanin content is a crucial factor determining the fruit skin color,which affects consumer preferences.Low overnight temperatures promote anthocyanin accumulation,but the molecular mechanism resp...For red pear,the anthocyanin content is a crucial factor determining the fruit skin color,which affects consumer preferences.Low overnight temperatures promote anthocyanin accumulation,but the molecular mechanism responsible is unclear.In this study,‘Hongzaosu’pear(Pyrus pyrifolia×Pyrus communis)fruit were treated with a low nighttime temperature(LNT,16℃)or a warm nighttime temperature(WNT,26℃),with sampling conducted within two diurnal cycles.The results showed that LNT promoted anthocyanin accumulation in the fruit skin.The structural anthocyanin biosynthetic genes PpCHS,PpF3H,and PpUFGT exhibited a rhythmic increase in expression at night under LNT.To examine the underlying mechanism,RNA sequencing was conducted using pear calli exposed to LNT and WNT for different durations(24,48,72,or 96 h).Transcriptome analysis revealed 285 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)common to all pairwise comparisons of LNT-and WNT-treated calli of‘Clapp's Favorite’(P.communis)at the sampling time points.KEGG pathway and gene ontology enrichment analyses indicated that the common DEGs were enriched in secondary metabolic processes and phenylpropanoid metabolic processes,which are associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis.The transcription factor PpCDF5,which was responsive to LNT,was selected for further study.Dual-luciferase assays showed that PpCDF5 activated the transcription of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes PpMYB10,PpCHS,PpF3H,PpDFR,PpANS,and PpUFGT.The yeast one-hybrid and EMSA assays demonstrated that PpCDF5 directly binds to the PpF3H promoter,which contains an AAAG motif.Overexpression of PpCDF5 in pear calli and transient overexpression in pear fruit both increased anthocyanin accumulation.The results indicate that PpCDF5 is involved in LNT-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear fruit and provide insights into the molecular regulation of commercial fruit coloration.展开更多
In this work,a computational modelling and analysis framework is developed to investigate the thermal buckling behavior of doubly-curved composite shells reinforced with graphene-origami(G-Ori)auxetic metamaterials.A ...In this work,a computational modelling and analysis framework is developed to investigate the thermal buckling behavior of doubly-curved composite shells reinforced with graphene-origami(G-Ori)auxetic metamaterials.A semi-analytical formulation based on the First-Order Shear Deformation Theory(FSDT)and the principle of virtual displacements is established,and closed-form solutions are derived via Navier’s method for simply supported boundary conditions.The G-Ori metamaterial reinforcements are treated as programmable constructs whose effective thermo-mechanical properties are obtained via micromechanical homogenization and incorporated into the shell model.A comprehensive parametric study examines the influence of folding geometry,dispersion arrangement,reinforcement weight fraction,curvature parameters,and elastic foundation support on the critical buckling temperature(CBT).The results reveal that,under optimal folding geometry and reinforcement alignment with principal stress trajectories,the CBT can increase by more than 150%.Furthermore,the combined effect of G-Ori reinforcement and elastic foundation substantially enhances thermal buckling resistance.These findings establish design guidelines for architected composite shells in applications such as aerospace thermal skins,morphing structures,and thermally-responsive systems,and illustrate the potential of auxetic graphene metamaterials for multifunctional,lightweight,and thermally robust structural components.展开更多
Objective:Sepsis exhibits remarkable heterogeneity in disease progression trajectories,and accurate identificationof distinct trajectory-based phenotypes is critical for implementing personalized therapeutic strategie...Objective:Sepsis exhibits remarkable heterogeneity in disease progression trajectories,and accurate identificationof distinct trajectory-based phenotypes is critical for implementing personalized therapeutic strategies and prognostic assessment.However,trajectory clustering analysis of time-series clinical data poses substantial methodological challenges for researchers.This study provides a comprehensive tutorial framework demonstrating six trajectory modeling approaches integrated with proteomic analysis to guide researchers in identifying sepsis subtypes after laparoscopic surgery.Methods:This study employs simulated longitudinal data from 300 septic patients after laparoscopic surgery to demonstrate six trajectory modeling methods(group-based trajectory modeling,latent growth mixture modeling,latent transition analysis,time-varying effect modeling,K-means for longitudinal data,agglomerative hierarchical clustering)for identifying associations between predefinedsequential organ failure assessment trajectories and 25 proteomic biomarkers.Clustering performance was evaluated via multiple metrics,and a biomarker discovery pipeline integrating principal component analysis,random forests,feature selection,and receiver operating characteristic analysis was developed.Results:The six methods demonstrated varying performance in identifying trajectory structures,with each approach exhibiting distinct analytical characteristics.The performance metrics revealed differences across methods,which may inform context-specificmethod selection and interpretation strategies.Conclusion:This study illustrates practical implementations of trajectory modeling approaches under controlled conditions,facilitating informed method selection for clinical researchers.The inclusion of complete R code and integrated proteomics workflows offers a reproducible analytical framework connecting temporal pattern recognition to biomarker discovery.Beyond sepsis,this pipeline-oriented approach may be adapted to diverse clinical scenarios requiring longitudinal disease characterization and precision medicine applications.The comparative analysis reveals that each method has distinct strengths,providing a practical guide for clinical researchers in selecting appropriate methods based on their specificstudy goals and data characteristics.展开更多
文摘Objective:To evaluate the global,regional,and national burden and determinants of Acute Respiratory Infections(ARIs)among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021.Methods:We analysed ARI mortality and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),stratified by age,sex,and economic development level based on data retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.Decomposition and frontier analyses were employed to identify key drivers of burden variation and visualize potential reductions based on development levels.Results:Between 1990 and 2021,the global burden of ARIs showed a significant decline in both achievable age-standardized DALYs rate and age-standardized mortality rates(EAPC=-3.87 and-3.81,respectively).Different age groups and sex witnessed different levels of ARI burden,males experienced heavier burden than females and the 0-4 years-old group experienced heavier burden than other study age groups.Most of the 204 countries and territories experienced a downward trend of ARI burden,with slight increases observed only in Lesotho and Dominica.A negative correlation was found between the Socio-demographic Index and ARI burden.Decomposition analysis indicated that the significant decreases in deaths and DALYs were primarily driven by epidemiological changes.Conclusions:The global burden of ARIs among children and adolescents has declined over the past three decades,but substantial regional disparities persist.Targeted public health strategies are needed to address the continued ARI burden in high-risk regions and vulnerable age groups.
文摘Earthquakes are highly destructive spatio-temporal phenomena whose analysis is essential for disaster preparedness and risk mitigation.Modern seismological research produces vast volumes of heterogeneous data from seismic networks,satellite observations,and geospatial repositories,creating the need for scalable infrastructures capable of integrating and analyzing such data to support intelligent decision-making.Data warehousing technologies provide a robust foundation for this purpose;however,existing earthquake-oriented data warehouses remain limited,often relying on simplified schemas,domain-specific analytics,or cataloguing efforts.This paper presents the design and implementation of a spatio-temporal data warehouse for seismic activity.The framework integrates spatial and temporal dimensions in a unified schema and introduces a novel array-based approach for managing many-to-many relationships between facts and dimensions without intermediate bridge tables.A comparative evaluation against a conventional bridge-table schema demonstrates that the array-based design improves fact-centric query performance,while the bridge-table schema remains advantageous for dimension-centric queries.To reconcile these trade-offs,a hybrid schema is proposed that retains both representations,ensuring balanced efficiency across heterogeneous workloads.The proposed framework demonstrates how spatio-temporal data warehousing can address schema complexity,improve query performance,and support multidimensional visualization.In doing so,it provides a foundation for integrating seismic analysis into broader big data-driven intelligent decision systems for disaster resilience,risk mitigation,and emergency management.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52441411,52325402 and 52274057Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration-National Science and Technology Major Project under Grant 2024ZD1004302-04the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2023YFB4104200.
文摘This study investigates in-station pressure drop mechanisms in a shale gas gathering system,providing a quantitative basis for flow system optimization.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations,based on field-measured parameters related to a representative case(a shale gas platform located in Sichuan,China)are conducted to analyze the flow characteristics of specific fittings and manifolds,and to quantify fitting resistance coefficients and manifold inlet interference.The resulting coefficients are integrated into a full-station gathering network model in PipeSim,which,combined with production data,enables evaluation of pressure losses and identification of equivalent pipeline blockages.The results indicate that the resistance coefficients,valid only for fittings under the studied field-specific geometries,are 0.21 for 90◦elbows in the fully open position,0.16 for gate valve passages in the fully open position,and 2.3 for globe valve passages.Manifold interference decreases with lower high-pressure inlet values,whereas inlets farther from the high-pressure side experience stronger disturbances.Interestingly,significant discrepancies between simulated and measured pressure drops reveal partial blockages,corresponding to effective diameter reductions of 65 mm,38 mm,44 mm,38 mm,and 28 mm for Wells 1#,3#,5#,and 6#,respectively.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,No.7244428(to WZ)Peking University Medicine Sailing Program for Young Scholars’Scientific and Technological Innovation,No.BMU2023YFJHPY034(to WZ)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81873784(to DF),82071426(to DF)Clinical Cohort Construction Program of Peking University Third Hospital,Nos.BYSYDL2019002(to DF)and BYSYZD2021004(to DF).
文摘Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons.Early-stage axonal dysfunction,rather than central nervous system injury,plays a key role in the disease process.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying this dysfunction remain unclear.To investigate the relationship between peripheral immune dysregulation and axonal dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,we recruited 372 patients within the first 12 months of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis onset between January 2018 and May 2024.We collected peripheral immune markers at baseline,including total leukocytes,lymphocytes,monocytes,neutrophils,basophils,eosinophils,and platelets.We also calculated four derived ratios:neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio,and systemic immune inflammation index.Multivariate analysis,adjusted for confounding factors,revealed that higher counts of total leukocytes and neutrophils,as well as higher neutrophil-related ratios,including the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and the systemic immune inflammation index,were significantly correlated with higher compound muscle action potential scores.Stratified analyses revealed that these associations varied by age and sex.Furthermore,mediation analysis demonstrated that axonal dysfunction plays a significant role in the relationship between immune markers and disease progression.These findings emphasize the critical role that peripheral immune dysregulation plays in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis progression by mediating peripheral nerve injury,particularly in the early stages of the disease.This study highlights the importance of the peripheral nervous system in the early stages of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and provides new insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2025QC30)。
文摘We investigate the alpha helical protein structure characterized by fourth-order interspine coupling,focusing on a three-coupled fourth-order nonlinear Schr??dinger system.We introduce a generalized Darboux transformation,departing from the classical Darboux transformation.Based on this,we construct the two-and three-degenerate soliton solutions and four-degenerate asymptotic soliton solutions.Based on the asymptotic analysis,we find that the amplitudes of interacting solitons are retained upon the interactions.Elastic interactions between two degenerate solitons exhibiting four curve-type asymptotic solitons are depicted.When the lattice parameterβchanges,the velocities of the two degenerate solitons also change.Elastic interaction among three degenerate solitons comprising four curve-type asymptotic solitons and two line-type solitons is presented.Interaction among one soliton and two degenerate solitons with different velocities is shown.Elastic interaction among four degenerate solitons comprising eight curve-type asymptotic solitons is also presented.Interaction among two two-degenerate solitons with two spectral parameters is shown.The relative distance between two asymptotic solitons exhibits logarithmic growth with|t|,where t represents the retarded time.Acceleration of soliton separation decays exponentially with relative distance,and eventually approaches zero.Phase shifts depend on t.
文摘The Savitzky-Golay(SG)filter,which employs polynomial least-squares approximations to smooth data and estimate derivatives,is widely used for processing noisy data.However,noise suppression by the SG filter is recognized to be limited at data boundaries and high frequencies,which can significantly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).To solve this problem,a novel method synergistically integrating Principal Component Analysis(PCA)with SG filtering is proposed in this paper.This approach avoids the is-sue of excessive smoothing associated with larger window sizes.The proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm was applied to a CO gas sensing system based on Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy(CRDS).The perform-ance of the PCA-SG filtering algorithm is demonstrated through comparison with Moving Average Filtering(MAF),Wavelet Transformation(WT),Kalman Filtering(KF),and the SG filter.The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior noise reduction capabilities compared to the other algorithms evaluated.The SNR of the ring-down signal was improved from 11.8612 dB to 29.0913 dB,and the stand-ard deviation of the extracted ring-down time constant was reduced from 0.037μs to 0.018μs.These results confirm that the proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm effectively improves the smoothness of the ring-down curve data,demonstrating its feasibility.
基金supported by the Key Scientific and Technological Grant of Zhejiang for Breeding New Agricultural Varieties(Grant No.2021C12066-4)Huzhou Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Team Project(Grant No.2022HN01).
文摘Red-fleshed fruits are valued for their vibrant color and high anthocyanin content.Pre-harvest fruit bagging enhances fruit peel pigmentation,but its effect on flesh coloration remains poorly characterized.This study revealed that removing bags from‘Gengcunyangtao’red-fleshed peach fruits triggers the rapid and uniform accumulation of anthocyanins in the flesh,resulting in anthocyanin levels that exceed those in unbagged fruits.The exposure to light after bag removal triggered significant increases in anthocyanin levels within 24 h.This was accompanied by the rapid upregulation of light-responsive and flavonoid biosynthetic gene expression levels within 6 h.A metabolomic analysis indicated that anthocyanin precursors,especially p-coumaric acid,accumulated before bag removal,thereby increasing substrate availability for rapid anthocyanin synthesis.On the basis of a weighted gene co-expression network analysis,MYB transcription factors,anthocyanin transporters,glutathione S-transferase,and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion(MATE)were identified as key regulators that coordinate precursor storage along with light-induced transcriptional activation.Notably,PpMYB4 binds to the promoter of PpGSTF14 and activates its expression,thereby promoting anthocyanin accumulation.The study findings elucidated the temporal coordination of metabolic priming and light-responsive transcriptional regulation driving rapid anthocyanin biosynthesis,with possible implications for improving peach fruit flesh coloration.
基金supported by the Natural Science BasicResearch Program of Shaanxi,China(No.2021JC-14)。
文摘The water hammer problem is an important issue in the dynamics of liquid propulsion system.This paper aims to use the Lattice Boltzmann Method(LBM)with entropy limiter to study the water hammer problems in propellant feedlines.The dynamic characteristics of valve-closing water hammer and filling water hammer are investigated by this method,and the sensitivity of filling water hammer is analyzed with a single factor sensitivity analysis with 8 factors and 9 levels and a multi-factor sensitivity analysis with L_(27)(3^(13))orthogonal experiment based on range method.It is found that the solving result of LBM with entropy limiter is basically in good agreement with finite volume method,and using the entropy limiter can eliminate numerical oscillations when solving valve-closing water hammer problems and solve the numerical"blow up"when solving filling water hammer problems.It can be seen that the dynamic characteristics of valve-closing water hammer are relatively simple,while there are many factors that affect the filling water hammer and the degree of these effects varies.The effects on the maximum water hammer pressure are relatively uniform,but those on the water hammer response time vary greatly through the skewness analysis.
文摘[Objective]This study aims to investigate the multi-body hydrodynamic interaction mechanisms during offshore lifting operations of aquaculture net cages in wind-fishery integration systems.By integrating numerical simulations and dynamic analysis methods,this study systematically investigates the coupled dynamic response characteristics during the cage-carrier vessel separation process to reveal its dynamic evolution patterns and key influence mechanisms.[Method]Based on potential flow theory,a fully coupled dynamic analysis model of crane vessel-net cage-semi-submersible barge was established for a marine ranch project in Guangdong.The complete lifting process was dynamically simulated using SESAM software.Five typical operating sea states were configured to investigate the influence of wave parameters on the system's motion response under combined wave-current-wind actions.[Result]The results demonstrate that wave period dominates the system stability.Under short-period conditions,the system maintains stable motion with relatively small horizontal relative displacements,while long-period conditions excite low-frequency resonance,leading to significant slow-drift motions.Vertical response analysis reveals that long-period waves cause severe relative displacement fluctuations between the cage and semi-submersible vessel,with actual displacement amplitudes doubling the preset safety target of 2.045 m.Quantitative analysis further indicates that when significant wave height increases from 1.0 m to 1.5 m,the actual displacement amplitude increases by approximately 20%relative to the target displacement of 2.045 m,demonstrating that its influence is significantly weaker than the displacement variations induced by wave period changes.The complete dynamic simulation successfully captures the continuous dynamic response characteristics during the lifting process.[Conclusion]This research clarifies the influence mechanisms of wave parameters on the cage lifting process,identifying wave period as the crucial factor for operational safety.An operation window assessment method incorporating multi-body coupling effects is established,proposing a safety criterion with peak period not exceeding six seconds as the core requirement.The findings provide theoretical foundation for safe installation of marine ranch net cages and offer valuable references for similar offshore lifting operations.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFB3713705)is acknowledgedWangzhong Mu would like to acknowledge the Strategic Mobility,Sweden(SSF,No.SM22-0039)+1 种基金the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education(STINT,No.IB2022-9228)the Jernkontoret(Sweden)for supporting this clean steel research.Gonghao Lian would like to acknowledge China Scholarship Council(CSC,No.202306080032).
文摘The detection and characterization of non-metallic inclusions are essential for clean steel production.Recently,imaging analysis combined with high-dimensional data processing of metallic materials using artificial intelligence(AI)-based machine learning(ML)has developed rapidly.This technique has achieved impressive results in the field of inclusion classification in process metallurgy.The present study surveys the ML modeling of inclusion prediction in advanced steels,including the detection,classification,and feature prediction of inclusions in different steel grades.Studies on clean steel with different features based on data and image analysis via ML are summarized.Regarding the data analysis,the inclusion prediction methodology based on ML establishes a connection between the experimental parameters and inclusion characteristics and analyzes the importance of the experimental parameters.Regarding the image analysis,the focus is placed on the classification of different types of inclusions via deep learning,in comparison with data analysis.Finally,further development of inclusion analyses using ML-based methods is recommended.This work paves the way for the application of AIbased methodologies for ultraclean-steel studies from a sustainable metallurgy perspective.
基金supported by grants from the Tianjin Health Technology Project(Grant no.2022QN106).
文摘Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.
文摘Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52034002 and U2202254)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-TT-19-001)。
文摘The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82074500)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7252273)+2 种基金CACMS Innovation Fund(No.CI2021A02605)Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province(No.2024ZR029)Science and Technology Program of Wenzhou City(No.Y2023210).
文摘AIM:To perform a bibliometric analysis of publications focusing on inflammatory mechanisms in glaucoma,thereby comprehensively understanding the current research status and identifying potential frontier directions for future studies.METHODS:A systematic search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)database to retrieve relevant literature published from January 1,2000,to August 31,2025(data accessed on September 12,2025).Multiple data visualization tools were employed to conduct in-depth analyses of the included publications,covering aspects such as publication quantity and quality,evolutionary trends of research hotspots,keyword cooccurrence networks,and collaborative patterns among countries/regions,institutions,and authors.RESULTS:A total of 3381 articles related to glaucoma inflammation were extracted from WoSCC.The analysis showed that the USA had the highest research output in this field(29.04%,n=982),followed by China(18.40%,n=622)and UK(6.01%,n=203).Based on citation frequency and burst intensity,the USA also ranked as the most influential country.Baudouin C and Sun X were identified as the most productive authors,while Journal of Glaucoma and Investigative Ophthalmology&Visual Science were the journals with the highest number of published relevant articles.Additionally,keyword analysis revealed that“neuroinflammation”,“retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)”,“pathophysiology”,and“traditional Chinese medicine”are emerging research hotspots in the field of immuneinflammatory responses in glaucoma.CONCLUSION:This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric overview of research on glaucoma-related inflammation,indicating that this field has received extensive scientific attention with a steady upward trend in research activity.Furthermore,it establishes a theoretical basis for the development of neuroinflammation-targeted therapeutic strategies for glaucoma and emphasizes the necessity of strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration to promote the clinical translation of research findings.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160677)the Hainan University Mango Research System.
文摘Mango(Mangifera indica L.)is one of the main economic crops in Hainan,China,prized for its distinctive flavor and high nutritional value.It is also rich in health-promoting antioxidants such as vitamin C and flavonoids.Enhanced ultraviolet-B(UV—B)radiation,a growing global environmental concern,alters plant antioxidant systems,with increased flavonoid accumulation as a common adaptive response.However,its effects on mango fruit remain largely unexplored.To investigate the antioxidant responses of mango to enhanced UV-B radiation and identify key responsive flavonoid compounds and regulatory genes,we exposed‘Tainong 1’mango fruits growing under natural light to 96 kJ·m^(-2)·d^(-1)of UV-B radiation to simulate high UV-B conditions.Treated fruits were smaller in size and had a pulp of a more intense yellow colour.Further,malondialdehyde content in treated fruits was higher during the phase of rapid fruit enlargement.Additionally,treated fruits showed increased sugar-acid ratios,total phenol,total flavonoid,carotenoid,and ascorbic acid contents.Furthermore,they showed significantly enhanced antioxidant activity,as measured by the FRAP,ABTS,and DPPH assays.Extensive targeted metabolomic-analysis identified flavonoids as the largest category of compounds differentially expressed in treated and control groups.Quantitative metabolomics of flavonoids identified hyperoside,quercimeritrin,and(-)-catechin gallate as the key flavonoid metabolites responsive to UV-B treatment.Transcriptome analysis revealed an enrichment of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway,with most associated differentially expressed genes showing upregulation.Furthermore,qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that the expression of the genes MiCHS7,MiCHI1,MiCHI2,MiFLS,MiF3H2,and MiF3H3 correlated with changes in key flavonoid metabolites.Indeed,correlation analysis indicated that MiCHS7,MiCHI1,MiFLS,and MiF3H3 are potential key genes involved in flavonoid accumulation under UV-B treatment.Thus,our study provides a theoretical basis for breeding for new resilient varieties and developing UV-B-resistant mango cultivation techniques.
文摘This study investigates the uncertain dynamic characterization of hybrid composite plates by employing advanced machine-assisted finite element methodologies.Hybrid composites,widely used in aerospace,automotive,and structural applications,often face variability in material properties,geometric configurations,and manufacturing processes,leading to uncertainty in their dynamic response.To address this,three surrogate-based machine learning approaches like radial basis function(RBF),multivariate adaptive regression splines(MARS),and polynomial neural networks(PNN)are integrated with a finite element framework to efficiently capture the stochastic behavior of these plates.The research focuses on predicting the first three natural frequencies under material uncertainties,which are critical to ensuring structural reliability.Monte Carlo simulation(MCS)is used as a benchmark for generating probabilistic datasets,including mean values,standard deviations,and probability density functions.The surrogate models are then trained and validated against these datasets,enabling accurate representation of uncertainty with substantially fewer samples compared to conventionalMCS.Among the methods studied,the RBFmodel demonstrates superior performance,closely approximating MCS results with a reduced sample size,thereby achieving significant computational savings.The proposed framework not only reduces computational time and costs but also maintains high predictive accuracy,making it well-suited for complex engineering systems.Beyond free vibration analysis,the methodology can be extended to more sophisticated scenarios,such as forced vibration,damping effects,and nonlinear structural responses.Overall,this work presents a computationally efficient and robust approach for surrogate-based uncertainty quantification,advancing the analysis and design of hybrid composite structures under uncertainty.
基金supported by the Chongqing Water Conservancy Science and Technology Project(grant number:CQSLK-202329)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(grant number:CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0991)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:52378327)the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation Innovation Development Joint Fund(grant number:CSTB2022NSCQ-LZX0049)。
文摘Rock slope instability is a prevalent geological hazard that imposes significant adverse impacts on engineering activities.Although existing studies have focused on homogeneous rock slopes,the theoretical models for quantifying the stability of softhard interbedded anti-inclined slopes remain underdeveloped,primarily due to the complex force transfer mechanisms involved.This study proposed a novel theoretical model for the stability analysis of soft-hard interbedded anti-inclined slopes under rainfall conditions.The framework models stratified rock layers as layered cantilever beams with material heterogeneity.Based on the principle of deformation compatibility,it comprehensively accounted for interlayer force transfer and strength degradation resulting from differential deformations among rock layers.Furthermore,it integrated the critical instability length induced by the self-weight of rock layers to determine the fracture depth.The proposed method was validated against engineering case studies and physical model tests,with error falling within an acceptable range.Compared to existing theoretical methods,the proposed method provided a more realistic representation of the slope's stress field.The analysis results demonstrate that rainfall not only reduces the inclination angle of the failure surface but also leads to an approximate 30%decrease in the safety factor.The proposed theoretical model is particularly useful for quickly calculating the stability of soft-hard interbedded anti-inclined rock slope under rainfall conditions,compared to complex and time-consuming numerical simulation calculations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32072545,32272639 and 32260745)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.LTGN23C150009 and LY22C150003)Zhejiang University Experimental Technology Research Project(Grant No.SYBJS202217).
文摘For red pear,the anthocyanin content is a crucial factor determining the fruit skin color,which affects consumer preferences.Low overnight temperatures promote anthocyanin accumulation,but the molecular mechanism responsible is unclear.In this study,‘Hongzaosu’pear(Pyrus pyrifolia×Pyrus communis)fruit were treated with a low nighttime temperature(LNT,16℃)or a warm nighttime temperature(WNT,26℃),with sampling conducted within two diurnal cycles.The results showed that LNT promoted anthocyanin accumulation in the fruit skin.The structural anthocyanin biosynthetic genes PpCHS,PpF3H,and PpUFGT exhibited a rhythmic increase in expression at night under LNT.To examine the underlying mechanism,RNA sequencing was conducted using pear calli exposed to LNT and WNT for different durations(24,48,72,or 96 h).Transcriptome analysis revealed 285 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)common to all pairwise comparisons of LNT-and WNT-treated calli of‘Clapp's Favorite’(P.communis)at the sampling time points.KEGG pathway and gene ontology enrichment analyses indicated that the common DEGs were enriched in secondary metabolic processes and phenylpropanoid metabolic processes,which are associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis.The transcription factor PpCDF5,which was responsive to LNT,was selected for further study.Dual-luciferase assays showed that PpCDF5 activated the transcription of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes PpMYB10,PpCHS,PpF3H,PpDFR,PpANS,and PpUFGT.The yeast one-hybrid and EMSA assays demonstrated that PpCDF5 directly binds to the PpF3H promoter,which contains an AAAG motif.Overexpression of PpCDF5 in pear calli and transient overexpression in pear fruit both increased anthocyanin accumulation.The results indicate that PpCDF5 is involved in LNT-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear fruit and provide insights into the molecular regulation of commercial fruit coloration.
文摘In this work,a computational modelling and analysis framework is developed to investigate the thermal buckling behavior of doubly-curved composite shells reinforced with graphene-origami(G-Ori)auxetic metamaterials.A semi-analytical formulation based on the First-Order Shear Deformation Theory(FSDT)and the principle of virtual displacements is established,and closed-form solutions are derived via Navier’s method for simply supported boundary conditions.The G-Ori metamaterial reinforcements are treated as programmable constructs whose effective thermo-mechanical properties are obtained via micromechanical homogenization and incorporated into the shell model.A comprehensive parametric study examines the influence of folding geometry,dispersion arrangement,reinforcement weight fraction,curvature parameters,and elastic foundation support on the critical buckling temperature(CBT).The results reveal that,under optimal folding geometry and reinforcement alignment with principal stress trajectories,the CBT can increase by more than 150%.Furthermore,the combined effect of G-Ori reinforcement and elastic foundation substantially enhances thermal buckling resistance.These findings establish design guidelines for architected composite shells in applications such as aerospace thermal skins,morphing structures,and thermally-responsive systems,and illustrate the potential of auxetic graphene metamaterials for multifunctional,lightweight,and thermally robust structural components.
基金funding from the China National Key Research and Development Program(No.2023YFC3603104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82472243 and 82272180)+6 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.226-2025-00024)the Huadong Medicine Joint Funds of the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LHDMD24H150001)the Key Research&Development Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2024C03240)a collaborative scientific project co-established by the Science and Technology Department of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Zhejiang Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.GZY-ZJ-KJ-24082)he General Health Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2024KY1099)the Project of Zhejiang University Longquan Innovation Center(No.ZJDXLQCXZCJBGS2024016)Wu Jieping Medical Foundation Special Research Grant(No.320.6750.2024-23-07).
文摘Objective:Sepsis exhibits remarkable heterogeneity in disease progression trajectories,and accurate identificationof distinct trajectory-based phenotypes is critical for implementing personalized therapeutic strategies and prognostic assessment.However,trajectory clustering analysis of time-series clinical data poses substantial methodological challenges for researchers.This study provides a comprehensive tutorial framework demonstrating six trajectory modeling approaches integrated with proteomic analysis to guide researchers in identifying sepsis subtypes after laparoscopic surgery.Methods:This study employs simulated longitudinal data from 300 septic patients after laparoscopic surgery to demonstrate six trajectory modeling methods(group-based trajectory modeling,latent growth mixture modeling,latent transition analysis,time-varying effect modeling,K-means for longitudinal data,agglomerative hierarchical clustering)for identifying associations between predefinedsequential organ failure assessment trajectories and 25 proteomic biomarkers.Clustering performance was evaluated via multiple metrics,and a biomarker discovery pipeline integrating principal component analysis,random forests,feature selection,and receiver operating characteristic analysis was developed.Results:The six methods demonstrated varying performance in identifying trajectory structures,with each approach exhibiting distinct analytical characteristics.The performance metrics revealed differences across methods,which may inform context-specificmethod selection and interpretation strategies.Conclusion:This study illustrates practical implementations of trajectory modeling approaches under controlled conditions,facilitating informed method selection for clinical researchers.The inclusion of complete R code and integrated proteomics workflows offers a reproducible analytical framework connecting temporal pattern recognition to biomarker discovery.Beyond sepsis,this pipeline-oriented approach may be adapted to diverse clinical scenarios requiring longitudinal disease characterization and precision medicine applications.The comparative analysis reveals that each method has distinct strengths,providing a practical guide for clinical researchers in selecting appropriate methods based on their specificstudy goals and data characteristics.
