Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macro...Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.展开更多
For chromosome abnormalities(CAs),such as Down syndrome(DS),the influence of genomic variations on chromosome conformation and gene transcription remains elusive.Based on the complete genomic sequences from the parent...For chromosome abnormalities(CAs),such as Down syndrome(DS),the influence of genomic variations on chromosome conformation and gene transcription remains elusive.Based on the complete genomic sequences from the parents of a DS trisomy patient,we systematically delineated an atlas of parental-specific,haplotype-resolved single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs),copy number variations(CNVs),threedimensional(3D)genome architecture,and RNA expression profiles in the diencephalon of the DS patient.The integrated haplotype-resolved multi-omics analysis demonstrated that one-dimensional(1D)genomic variations including SNPs and CNVs in the DS patient are highly correlated with the alterations in the 3D genome organization and the subsequent changes in gene transcription.This correlation remains valid at the haplotype level.Moreover,we revealed the 3D genome alteration-associated dysregulation of DS-related genes,which facilitates understanding the pathogenesis of CAs.Together,our study contributes to deciphering the coding from 1D genomic variations to 3D genome architecture and the subsequent gene transcription outcomes in both health and disease.展开更多
Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'...Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine]were successfully synthesized by the volatilization of the solution at room temperature.The crystal structures of six complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technology.The results showed that the complexes all have a binuclear structure,and the structures contain free ethanol molecules.Moreover,the coordination number of the central metal of each structural unit is eight.Adjacent structural units interact with each other through hydrogen bonds and further expand to form 1D chain-like and 2D planar structures.After conducting a systematic study on the luminescence properties of complexes 1-4,their emission and excitation spectra were obtained.Experimental results indicated that the fluorescence lifetimes of complexes 2 and 3 were 0.807 and 0.845 ms,respectively.The emission spectral data of complexes 1-4 were imported into the CIE chromaticity coordinate system,and their corre sponding luminescent regions cover the yellow light,red light,green light,and orange-red light bands,respectively.Within the temperature range of 299.15-1300 K,the thermal decomposition processes of the six complexes were comprehensively analyzed by using TG-DSC/FTIR/MS technology.The hypothesis of the gradual loss of ligand groups during the decomposition process was verified by detecting the escaped gas,3D infrared spectroscopy,and ion fragment information detected by mass spectrometry.The specific decomposition path is as follows:firstly,free ethanol molecules and neutral ligands are removed,and finally,acidic ligands are released;the final product is the corresponding metal oxide.CCDC:2430420,1;2430422,2;2430419,3;2430424,4;2430421,5;2430423,6.展开更多
First,statistics on the operational lines and mileage of urban rail transit in China are conducted.The results show that,as of Dec.31,2025,there were 60 cities with urban rail transit in operation nationwide,with a to...First,statistics on the operational lines and mileage of urban rail transit in China are conducted.The results show that,as of Dec.31,2025,there were 60 cities with urban rail transit in operation nationwide,with a total operational mileage of approximately 12837.8 km(excluding the electronic guideway rubber-tired system,there were 57 cities,with a total operational mileage of 12651.6 km).The metro system dominates,while low-capacity systems exhibit a multi-modal development pattern.Subsequently,the characteristics of China′s urban rail transit industry development are analyzed,indicating that:(1)It should closely align with the theme of urban intensive development,promote quality improvement and efficiency enhancement of existing lines,and focus on the supporting role of initial passenger flow for new line construction,multi-network integration,and economic and financial sustainability.(2)Significant innovative achievements have been made in safety resilience,green and low-carbon development,intelligent construction,and digital transformation.Finally,development recommendations for the"15th Five-Year Plan"period are proposed:promoting cost reduction and efficiency improvement in the rail transit industry,enhancing the operational efficiency of existing networks,continuously exploring railway services for urban commuting,strengthening external exchanges,and driving the"going global"strategy of the urban rail transit industry.展开更多
The Savitzky-Golay(SG)filter,which employs polynomial least-squares approximations to smooth data and estimate derivatives,is widely used for processing noisy data.However,noise suppression by the SG filter is recogni...The Savitzky-Golay(SG)filter,which employs polynomial least-squares approximations to smooth data and estimate derivatives,is widely used for processing noisy data.However,noise suppression by the SG filter is recognized to be limited at data boundaries and high frequencies,which can significantly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).To solve this problem,a novel method synergistically integrating Principal Component Analysis(PCA)with SG filtering is proposed in this paper.This approach avoids the is-sue of excessive smoothing associated with larger window sizes.The proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm was applied to a CO gas sensing system based on Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy(CRDS).The perform-ance of the PCA-SG filtering algorithm is demonstrated through comparison with Moving Average Filtering(MAF),Wavelet Transformation(WT),Kalman Filtering(KF),and the SG filter.The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior noise reduction capabilities compared to the other algorithms evaluated.The SNR of the ring-down signal was improved from 11.8612 dB to 29.0913 dB,and the stand-ard deviation of the extracted ring-down time constant was reduced from 0.037μs to 0.018μs.These results confirm that the proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm effectively improves the smoothness of the ring-down curve data,demonstrating its feasibility.展开更多
[Objective]This study aims to investigate the multi-body hydrodynamic interaction mechanisms during offshore lifting operations of aquaculture net cages in wind-fishery integration systems.By integrating numerical sim...[Objective]This study aims to investigate the multi-body hydrodynamic interaction mechanisms during offshore lifting operations of aquaculture net cages in wind-fishery integration systems.By integrating numerical simulations and dynamic analysis methods,this study systematically investigates the coupled dynamic response characteristics during the cage-carrier vessel separation process to reveal its dynamic evolution patterns and key influence mechanisms.[Method]Based on potential flow theory,a fully coupled dynamic analysis model of crane vessel-net cage-semi-submersible barge was established for a marine ranch project in Guangdong.The complete lifting process was dynamically simulated using SESAM software.Five typical operating sea states were configured to investigate the influence of wave parameters on the system's motion response under combined wave-current-wind actions.[Result]The results demonstrate that wave period dominates the system stability.Under short-period conditions,the system maintains stable motion with relatively small horizontal relative displacements,while long-period conditions excite low-frequency resonance,leading to significant slow-drift motions.Vertical response analysis reveals that long-period waves cause severe relative displacement fluctuations between the cage and semi-submersible vessel,with actual displacement amplitudes doubling the preset safety target of 2.045 m.Quantitative analysis further indicates that when significant wave height increases from 1.0 m to 1.5 m,the actual displacement amplitude increases by approximately 20%relative to the target displacement of 2.045 m,demonstrating that its influence is significantly weaker than the displacement variations induced by wave period changes.The complete dynamic simulation successfully captures the continuous dynamic response characteristics during the lifting process.[Conclusion]This research clarifies the influence mechanisms of wave parameters on the cage lifting process,identifying wave period as the crucial factor for operational safety.An operation window assessment method incorporating multi-body coupling effects is established,proposing a safety criterion with peak period not exceeding six seconds as the core requirement.The findings provide theoretical foundation for safe installation of marine ranch net cages and offer valuable references for similar offshore lifting operations.展开更多
The detection and characterization of non-metallic inclusions are essential for clean steel production.Recently,imaging analysis combined with high-dimensional data processing of metallic materials using artificial in...The detection and characterization of non-metallic inclusions are essential for clean steel production.Recently,imaging analysis combined with high-dimensional data processing of metallic materials using artificial intelligence(AI)-based machine learning(ML)has developed rapidly.This technique has achieved impressive results in the field of inclusion classification in process metallurgy.The present study surveys the ML modeling of inclusion prediction in advanced steels,including the detection,classification,and feature prediction of inclusions in different steel grades.Studies on clean steel with different features based on data and image analysis via ML are summarized.Regarding the data analysis,the inclusion prediction methodology based on ML establishes a connection between the experimental parameters and inclusion characteristics and analyzes the importance of the experimental parameters.Regarding the image analysis,the focus is placed on the classification of different types of inclusions via deep learning,in comparison with data analysis.Finally,further development of inclusion analyses using ML-based methods is recommended.This work paves the way for the application of AIbased methodologies for ultraclean-steel studies from a sustainable metallurgy perspective.展开更多
Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations...Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.展开更多
Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity p...Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.展开更多
The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.A...The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.展开更多
AIM:To perform a bibliometric analysis of publications focusing on inflammatory mechanisms in glaucoma,thereby comprehensively understanding the current research status and identifying potential frontier directions fo...AIM:To perform a bibliometric analysis of publications focusing on inflammatory mechanisms in glaucoma,thereby comprehensively understanding the current research status and identifying potential frontier directions for future studies.METHODS:A systematic search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)database to retrieve relevant literature published from January 1,2000,to August 31,2025(data accessed on September 12,2025).Multiple data visualization tools were employed to conduct in-depth analyses of the included publications,covering aspects such as publication quantity and quality,evolutionary trends of research hotspots,keyword cooccurrence networks,and collaborative patterns among countries/regions,institutions,and authors.RESULTS:A total of 3381 articles related to glaucoma inflammation were extracted from WoSCC.The analysis showed that the USA had the highest research output in this field(29.04%,n=982),followed by China(18.40%,n=622)and UK(6.01%,n=203).Based on citation frequency and burst intensity,the USA also ranked as the most influential country.Baudouin C and Sun X were identified as the most productive authors,while Journal of Glaucoma and Investigative Ophthalmology&Visual Science were the journals with the highest number of published relevant articles.Additionally,keyword analysis revealed that“neuroinflammation”,“retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)”,“pathophysiology”,and“traditional Chinese medicine”are emerging research hotspots in the field of immuneinflammatory responses in glaucoma.CONCLUSION:This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric overview of research on glaucoma-related inflammation,indicating that this field has received extensive scientific attention with a steady upward trend in research activity.Furthermore,it establishes a theoretical basis for the development of neuroinflammation-targeted therapeutic strategies for glaucoma and emphasizes the necessity of strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration to promote the clinical translation of research findings.展开更多
Earthquakes are highly destructive spatio-temporal phenomena whose analysis is essential for disaster preparedness and risk mitigation.Modern seismological research produces vast volumes of heterogeneous data from sei...Earthquakes are highly destructive spatio-temporal phenomena whose analysis is essential for disaster preparedness and risk mitigation.Modern seismological research produces vast volumes of heterogeneous data from seismic networks,satellite observations,and geospatial repositories,creating the need for scalable infrastructures capable of integrating and analyzing such data to support intelligent decision-making.Data warehousing technologies provide a robust foundation for this purpose;however,existing earthquake-oriented data warehouses remain limited,often relying on simplified schemas,domain-specific analytics,or cataloguing efforts.This paper presents the design and implementation of a spatio-temporal data warehouse for seismic activity.The framework integrates spatial and temporal dimensions in a unified schema and introduces a novel array-based approach for managing many-to-many relationships between facts and dimensions without intermediate bridge tables.A comparative evaluation against a conventional bridge-table schema demonstrates that the array-based design improves fact-centric query performance,while the bridge-table schema remains advantageous for dimension-centric queries.To reconcile these trade-offs,a hybrid schema is proposed that retains both representations,ensuring balanced efficiency across heterogeneous workloads.The proposed framework demonstrates how spatio-temporal data warehousing can address schema complexity,improve query performance,and support multidimensional visualization.In doing so,it provides a foundation for integrating seismic analysis into broader big data-driven intelligent decision systems for disaster resilience,risk mitigation,and emergency management.展开更多
Rock slope instability is a prevalent geological hazard that imposes significant adverse impacts on engineering activities.Although existing studies have focused on homogeneous rock slopes,the theoretical models for q...Rock slope instability is a prevalent geological hazard that imposes significant adverse impacts on engineering activities.Although existing studies have focused on homogeneous rock slopes,the theoretical models for quantifying the stability of softhard interbedded anti-inclined slopes remain underdeveloped,primarily due to the complex force transfer mechanisms involved.This study proposed a novel theoretical model for the stability analysis of soft-hard interbedded anti-inclined slopes under rainfall conditions.The framework models stratified rock layers as layered cantilever beams with material heterogeneity.Based on the principle of deformation compatibility,it comprehensively accounted for interlayer force transfer and strength degradation resulting from differential deformations among rock layers.Furthermore,it integrated the critical instability length induced by the self-weight of rock layers to determine the fracture depth.The proposed method was validated against engineering case studies and physical model tests,with error falling within an acceptable range.Compared to existing theoretical methods,the proposed method provided a more realistic representation of the slope's stress field.The analysis results demonstrate that rainfall not only reduces the inclination angle of the failure surface but also leads to an approximate 30%decrease in the safety factor.The proposed theoretical model is particularly useful for quickly calculating the stability of soft-hard interbedded anti-inclined rock slope under rainfall conditions,compared to complex and time-consuming numerical simulation calculations.展开更多
In this work,a computational modelling and analysis framework is developed to investigate the thermal buckling behavior of doubly-curved composite shells reinforced with graphene-origami(G-Ori)auxetic metamaterials.A ...In this work,a computational modelling and analysis framework is developed to investigate the thermal buckling behavior of doubly-curved composite shells reinforced with graphene-origami(G-Ori)auxetic metamaterials.A semi-analytical formulation based on the First-Order Shear Deformation Theory(FSDT)and the principle of virtual displacements is established,and closed-form solutions are derived via Navier’s method for simply supported boundary conditions.The G-Ori metamaterial reinforcements are treated as programmable constructs whose effective thermo-mechanical properties are obtained via micromechanical homogenization and incorporated into the shell model.A comprehensive parametric study examines the influence of folding geometry,dispersion arrangement,reinforcement weight fraction,curvature parameters,and elastic foundation support on the critical buckling temperature(CBT).The results reveal that,under optimal folding geometry and reinforcement alignment with principal stress trajectories,the CBT can increase by more than 150%.Furthermore,the combined effect of G-Ori reinforcement and elastic foundation substantially enhances thermal buckling resistance.These findings establish design guidelines for architected composite shells in applications such as aerospace thermal skins,morphing structures,and thermally-responsive systems,and illustrate the potential of auxetic graphene metamaterials for multifunctional,lightweight,and thermally robust structural components.展开更多
For red pear,the anthocyanin content is a crucial factor determining the fruit skin color,which affects consumer preferences.Low overnight temperatures promote anthocyanin accumulation,but the molecular mechanism resp...For red pear,the anthocyanin content is a crucial factor determining the fruit skin color,which affects consumer preferences.Low overnight temperatures promote anthocyanin accumulation,but the molecular mechanism responsible is unclear.In this study,‘Hongzaosu’pear(Pyrus pyrifolia×Pyrus communis)fruit were treated with a low nighttime temperature(LNT,16℃)or a warm nighttime temperature(WNT,26℃),with sampling conducted within two diurnal cycles.The results showed that LNT promoted anthocyanin accumulation in the fruit skin.The structural anthocyanin biosynthetic genes PpCHS,PpF3H,and PpUFGT exhibited a rhythmic increase in expression at night under LNT.To examine the underlying mechanism,RNA sequencing was conducted using pear calli exposed to LNT and WNT for different durations(24,48,72,or 96 h).Transcriptome analysis revealed 285 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)common to all pairwise comparisons of LNT-and WNT-treated calli of‘Clapp's Favorite’(P.communis)at the sampling time points.KEGG pathway and gene ontology enrichment analyses indicated that the common DEGs were enriched in secondary metabolic processes and phenylpropanoid metabolic processes,which are associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis.The transcription factor PpCDF5,which was responsive to LNT,was selected for further study.Dual-luciferase assays showed that PpCDF5 activated the transcription of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes PpMYB10,PpCHS,PpF3H,PpDFR,PpANS,and PpUFGT.The yeast one-hybrid and EMSA assays demonstrated that PpCDF5 directly binds to the PpF3H promoter,which contains an AAAG motif.Overexpression of PpCDF5 in pear calli and transient overexpression in pear fruit both increased anthocyanin accumulation.The results indicate that PpCDF5 is involved in LNT-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear fruit and provide insights into the molecular regulation of commercial fruit coloration.展开更多
Objective:Sepsis exhibits remarkable heterogeneity in disease progression trajectories,and accurate identificationof distinct trajectory-based phenotypes is critical for implementing personalized therapeutic strategie...Objective:Sepsis exhibits remarkable heterogeneity in disease progression trajectories,and accurate identificationof distinct trajectory-based phenotypes is critical for implementing personalized therapeutic strategies and prognostic assessment.However,trajectory clustering analysis of time-series clinical data poses substantial methodological challenges for researchers.This study provides a comprehensive tutorial framework demonstrating six trajectory modeling approaches integrated with proteomic analysis to guide researchers in identifying sepsis subtypes after laparoscopic surgery.Methods:This study employs simulated longitudinal data from 300 septic patients after laparoscopic surgery to demonstrate six trajectory modeling methods(group-based trajectory modeling,latent growth mixture modeling,latent transition analysis,time-varying effect modeling,K-means for longitudinal data,agglomerative hierarchical clustering)for identifying associations between predefinedsequential organ failure assessment trajectories and 25 proteomic biomarkers.Clustering performance was evaluated via multiple metrics,and a biomarker discovery pipeline integrating principal component analysis,random forests,feature selection,and receiver operating characteristic analysis was developed.Results:The six methods demonstrated varying performance in identifying trajectory structures,with each approach exhibiting distinct analytical characteristics.The performance metrics revealed differences across methods,which may inform context-specificmethod selection and interpretation strategies.Conclusion:This study illustrates practical implementations of trajectory modeling approaches under controlled conditions,facilitating informed method selection for clinical researchers.The inclusion of complete R code and integrated proteomics workflows offers a reproducible analytical framework connecting temporal pattern recognition to biomarker discovery.Beyond sepsis,this pipeline-oriented approach may be adapted to diverse clinical scenarios requiring longitudinal disease characterization and precision medicine applications.The comparative analysis reveals that each method has distinct strengths,providing a practical guide for clinical researchers in selecting appropriate methods based on their specificstudy goals and data characteristics.展开更多
Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of sitting-position knee adjustment Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)and therapeutic ultrasound in treating knee osteoarthritis(KOA)and the impact on gait analysis parameter...Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of sitting-position knee adjustment Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)and therapeutic ultrasound in treating knee osteoarthritis(KOA)and the impact on gait analysis parameters.Methods:In a randomized controlled design,80 KOA patients were randomly allocated to a manipulation group and an ultrasound group,each with 40 cases.Patients in the manipulation group received the sitting-position knee adjustment Tuina treatment;patients in the ultrasound group received low-frequency ultrasounds for treatment.The intervention was conducted twice weekly,and therapeutic efficacy was evaluated after 4 weeks of treatment.Before treatment,immediately after treatment,and after 2-week and 4-week treatment,the visual analog scale(VAS)and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index(WOMAC)scores were observed;the gait analysis outcomes were compared before treatment and after 4-week treatment,including cadence,speed,step length,stride length,single stance phase,double stance phase,and the maximal flexion angle of the knee joint.Results:Intra-group comparisons revealed that both groups showed decreased VAS scores and increased WOMAC scores immediately after treatment and after 2-week and 4-week treatment,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Immediately after treatment,the VAS score was lower in the manipulation group than in the ultrasound group(P<0.05),and the WOMAC pain score was higher in the manipulation group(P<0.05),while the ultrasound group had a higher WOMAC stiffness score than the manipulation group(P<0.05).After 2 weeks of treatment,there were no significant differences in VAS and WOMAC scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After 4-week treatment,the ultrasound group had a higher WOMAC pain score than the manipulation group(P<0.05),and the manipulation group had higher WOMAC stiffness and function scores than the ultrasound group(P<0.05).The between-group difference in the WOMAC total score remained statistically insignificant throughout the treatment(P>0.05).Regarding the gait parameters,both groups showed improvements in the cadence,speed,step length,stride length,single stance phase,double stance phase,swing phase,and maximal knee flexion angle immediately after treatment and after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment;the intra-group differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).After 4-week treatment,the manipulation group surpassed the ultrasound group in improvements in stride length,step length,swing phase,single stance phase,and maximal knee flexion angle(P<0.05).Conclusion:Both the sitting-position knee adjustment Tuina and low-frequency ultrasound therapies are effective in treating KOA and can improve the patient’s walking ability;the sitting-position knee adjustment manipulation demonstrates superior immediate pain relief and long-term improvement of stiffness,joint function,and walking ability compared to the low-frequency ultrasound.展开更多
Reservoir-induced landslides in China's Three Gorges Reservoir area are prone to tensile cracks due to the influenceof their own weight and fluctuationsin water levels.The presence of cracks indicates that the ten...Reservoir-induced landslides in China's Three Gorges Reservoir area are prone to tensile cracks due to the influenceof their own weight and fluctuationsin water levels.The presence of cracks indicates that the tensile stress in the area has exceeded the tensile strength of the soil,leading to local instability.To explore the impact of tensile failure behavior on the stability and failure modes of reservoir landslides,the Huangtupo Riverside Slump#1 is taken as a case study.By considering local tensile failure,potential tensile cracks are incorporated into the analysis via the limit equilibrium method and reliability theory.The reliability of landslides under different tensile failure scenarios is quantified.Strain-softening characteristics of the soil are combined to further analyze the failure transmission path of the landslide.Finally,these potential failure modes were validated through physical model tests.The results show that cracks developing at rear positions reduce the stability of the slope and increase the probability of instability.During the destruction process,retrogressive failures with multiple sliding surfaces are likely to occur.However,tensile failure at the forefront reduces the likelihood of an individual slide mass descending.Progressive failure results in both regular and skip transmission patterns.Additionally,cracks and water level changes can also lead to shifts in the positions of the most dangerous blocks.Therefore,in practical landslide analysis and prevention,it is necessary to consider local tensile damage and identify potential tensile crack locations in advance to optimize prevention measures and accurately evaluate landslide risk.展开更多
Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)is a globally important vegetable crop,renowned for its nutritional value and economic significance.It is abundant in bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins and chlorogenic acid,which h...Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)is a globally important vegetable crop,renowned for its nutritional value and economic significance.It is abundant in bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins and chlorogenic acid,which have been associated with multiple health-promoting properties(Azuma et al.,2008;Gurbuz et al.,2018).Given its significant hybrid vigor,F1 hybrid varieties are widely preferred in commercial cultivation(Mistry et al.,2018).However,traditional breeding practices predominantly rely on phenotypic selection,a process that is not only labor-intensive but also time-consuming.展开更多
Uncertain parameters are widespread in engineering systems.This study investigates the modal analysis of a fluid-conveying pipe subjected to elastic supports with unknown-but-bound parameters.The governing equation fo...Uncertain parameters are widespread in engineering systems.This study investigates the modal analysis of a fluid-conveying pipe subjected to elastic supports with unknown-but-bound parameters.The governing equation for the elastically supported fluid-conveying pipe is transformed into ordinary differential equations using the Galerkin truncation method.The Chebyshev interval approach,integrated with the assumed mode method is then used to investigate the effects of uncertainties of support stiffness,fluid speed,and pipe length on the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the pipe.Additionally,both symmetrical and asymmetrical support stiffnesses are discussed.The accuracy and effectiveness of the Chebyshev interval approach are verified through comparison with the Monte Carlo method.The results reveal that,for the same deviation coefficient,uncertainties in symmetrical support stiffness have a greater impact on the first four natural frequencies than those of the asymmetrical one.There may be significant differences in the sensitivity of natural frequencies and mode shapes of the same order to uncertain parameters.Notably,mode shapes susceptible to uncertain parameters exhibit wider fluctuation intervals near the elastic supports,requiring more attention.展开更多
基金supported by Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline ProjectThe Intramural Research Program of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,No. 4910Qingdao West Coast New Area Science and Technology Project,No. 2020-55 (all to SW)。
文摘Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32221005 to Gang Cao and 81900063 to He Long)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China(Grant No.2022CFB180 to Zhijun Zhang).
文摘For chromosome abnormalities(CAs),such as Down syndrome(DS),the influence of genomic variations on chromosome conformation and gene transcription remains elusive.Based on the complete genomic sequences from the parents of a DS trisomy patient,we systematically delineated an atlas of parental-specific,haplotype-resolved single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs),copy number variations(CNVs),threedimensional(3D)genome architecture,and RNA expression profiles in the diencephalon of the DS patient.The integrated haplotype-resolved multi-omics analysis demonstrated that one-dimensional(1D)genomic variations including SNPs and CNVs in the DS patient are highly correlated with the alterations in the 3D genome organization and the subsequent changes in gene transcription.This correlation remains valid at the haplotype level.Moreover,we revealed the 3D genome alteration-associated dysregulation of DS-related genes,which facilitates understanding the pathogenesis of CAs.Together,our study contributes to deciphering the coding from 1D genomic variations to 3D genome architecture and the subsequent gene transcription outcomes in both health and disease.
文摘Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine]were successfully synthesized by the volatilization of the solution at room temperature.The crystal structures of six complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technology.The results showed that the complexes all have a binuclear structure,and the structures contain free ethanol molecules.Moreover,the coordination number of the central metal of each structural unit is eight.Adjacent structural units interact with each other through hydrogen bonds and further expand to form 1D chain-like and 2D planar structures.After conducting a systematic study on the luminescence properties of complexes 1-4,their emission and excitation spectra were obtained.Experimental results indicated that the fluorescence lifetimes of complexes 2 and 3 were 0.807 and 0.845 ms,respectively.The emission spectral data of complexes 1-4 were imported into the CIE chromaticity coordinate system,and their corre sponding luminescent regions cover the yellow light,red light,green light,and orange-red light bands,respectively.Within the temperature range of 299.15-1300 K,the thermal decomposition processes of the six complexes were comprehensively analyzed by using TG-DSC/FTIR/MS technology.The hypothesis of the gradual loss of ligand groups during the decomposition process was verified by detecting the escaped gas,3D infrared spectroscopy,and ion fragment information detected by mass spectrometry.The specific decomposition path is as follows:firstly,free ethanol molecules and neutral ligands are removed,and finally,acidic ligands are released;the final product is the corresponding metal oxide.CCDC:2430420,1;2430422,2;2430419,3;2430424,4;2430421,5;2430423,6.
文摘First,statistics on the operational lines and mileage of urban rail transit in China are conducted.The results show that,as of Dec.31,2025,there were 60 cities with urban rail transit in operation nationwide,with a total operational mileage of approximately 12837.8 km(excluding the electronic guideway rubber-tired system,there were 57 cities,with a total operational mileage of 12651.6 km).The metro system dominates,while low-capacity systems exhibit a multi-modal development pattern.Subsequently,the characteristics of China′s urban rail transit industry development are analyzed,indicating that:(1)It should closely align with the theme of urban intensive development,promote quality improvement and efficiency enhancement of existing lines,and focus on the supporting role of initial passenger flow for new line construction,multi-network integration,and economic and financial sustainability.(2)Significant innovative achievements have been made in safety resilience,green and low-carbon development,intelligent construction,and digital transformation.Finally,development recommendations for the"15th Five-Year Plan"period are proposed:promoting cost reduction and efficiency improvement in the rail transit industry,enhancing the operational efficiency of existing networks,continuously exploring railway services for urban commuting,strengthening external exchanges,and driving the"going global"strategy of the urban rail transit industry.
文摘The Savitzky-Golay(SG)filter,which employs polynomial least-squares approximations to smooth data and estimate derivatives,is widely used for processing noisy data.However,noise suppression by the SG filter is recognized to be limited at data boundaries and high frequencies,which can significantly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).To solve this problem,a novel method synergistically integrating Principal Component Analysis(PCA)with SG filtering is proposed in this paper.This approach avoids the is-sue of excessive smoothing associated with larger window sizes.The proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm was applied to a CO gas sensing system based on Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy(CRDS).The perform-ance of the PCA-SG filtering algorithm is demonstrated through comparison with Moving Average Filtering(MAF),Wavelet Transformation(WT),Kalman Filtering(KF),and the SG filter.The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior noise reduction capabilities compared to the other algorithms evaluated.The SNR of the ring-down signal was improved from 11.8612 dB to 29.0913 dB,and the stand-ard deviation of the extracted ring-down time constant was reduced from 0.037μs to 0.018μs.These results confirm that the proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm effectively improves the smoothness of the ring-down curve data,demonstrating its feasibility.
文摘[Objective]This study aims to investigate the multi-body hydrodynamic interaction mechanisms during offshore lifting operations of aquaculture net cages in wind-fishery integration systems.By integrating numerical simulations and dynamic analysis methods,this study systematically investigates the coupled dynamic response characteristics during the cage-carrier vessel separation process to reveal its dynamic evolution patterns and key influence mechanisms.[Method]Based on potential flow theory,a fully coupled dynamic analysis model of crane vessel-net cage-semi-submersible barge was established for a marine ranch project in Guangdong.The complete lifting process was dynamically simulated using SESAM software.Five typical operating sea states were configured to investigate the influence of wave parameters on the system's motion response under combined wave-current-wind actions.[Result]The results demonstrate that wave period dominates the system stability.Under short-period conditions,the system maintains stable motion with relatively small horizontal relative displacements,while long-period conditions excite low-frequency resonance,leading to significant slow-drift motions.Vertical response analysis reveals that long-period waves cause severe relative displacement fluctuations between the cage and semi-submersible vessel,with actual displacement amplitudes doubling the preset safety target of 2.045 m.Quantitative analysis further indicates that when significant wave height increases from 1.0 m to 1.5 m,the actual displacement amplitude increases by approximately 20%relative to the target displacement of 2.045 m,demonstrating that its influence is significantly weaker than the displacement variations induced by wave period changes.The complete dynamic simulation successfully captures the continuous dynamic response characteristics during the lifting process.[Conclusion]This research clarifies the influence mechanisms of wave parameters on the cage lifting process,identifying wave period as the crucial factor for operational safety.An operation window assessment method incorporating multi-body coupling effects is established,proposing a safety criterion with peak period not exceeding six seconds as the core requirement.The findings provide theoretical foundation for safe installation of marine ranch net cages and offer valuable references for similar offshore lifting operations.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFB3713705)is acknowledgedWangzhong Mu would like to acknowledge the Strategic Mobility,Sweden(SSF,No.SM22-0039)+1 种基金the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education(STINT,No.IB2022-9228)the Jernkontoret(Sweden)for supporting this clean steel research.Gonghao Lian would like to acknowledge China Scholarship Council(CSC,No.202306080032).
文摘The detection and characterization of non-metallic inclusions are essential for clean steel production.Recently,imaging analysis combined with high-dimensional data processing of metallic materials using artificial intelligence(AI)-based machine learning(ML)has developed rapidly.This technique has achieved impressive results in the field of inclusion classification in process metallurgy.The present study surveys the ML modeling of inclusion prediction in advanced steels,including the detection,classification,and feature prediction of inclusions in different steel grades.Studies on clean steel with different features based on data and image analysis via ML are summarized.Regarding the data analysis,the inclusion prediction methodology based on ML establishes a connection between the experimental parameters and inclusion characteristics and analyzes the importance of the experimental parameters.Regarding the image analysis,the focus is placed on the classification of different types of inclusions via deep learning,in comparison with data analysis.Finally,further development of inclusion analyses using ML-based methods is recommended.This work paves the way for the application of AIbased methodologies for ultraclean-steel studies from a sustainable metallurgy perspective.
基金supported by grants from the Tianjin Health Technology Project(Grant no.2022QN106).
文摘Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.
文摘Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52034002 and U2202254)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-TT-19-001)。
文摘The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82074500)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7252273)+2 种基金CACMS Innovation Fund(No.CI2021A02605)Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province(No.2024ZR029)Science and Technology Program of Wenzhou City(No.Y2023210).
文摘AIM:To perform a bibliometric analysis of publications focusing on inflammatory mechanisms in glaucoma,thereby comprehensively understanding the current research status and identifying potential frontier directions for future studies.METHODS:A systematic search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)database to retrieve relevant literature published from January 1,2000,to August 31,2025(data accessed on September 12,2025).Multiple data visualization tools were employed to conduct in-depth analyses of the included publications,covering aspects such as publication quantity and quality,evolutionary trends of research hotspots,keyword cooccurrence networks,and collaborative patterns among countries/regions,institutions,and authors.RESULTS:A total of 3381 articles related to glaucoma inflammation were extracted from WoSCC.The analysis showed that the USA had the highest research output in this field(29.04%,n=982),followed by China(18.40%,n=622)and UK(6.01%,n=203).Based on citation frequency and burst intensity,the USA also ranked as the most influential country.Baudouin C and Sun X were identified as the most productive authors,while Journal of Glaucoma and Investigative Ophthalmology&Visual Science were the journals with the highest number of published relevant articles.Additionally,keyword analysis revealed that“neuroinflammation”,“retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)”,“pathophysiology”,and“traditional Chinese medicine”are emerging research hotspots in the field of immuneinflammatory responses in glaucoma.CONCLUSION:This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric overview of research on glaucoma-related inflammation,indicating that this field has received extensive scientific attention with a steady upward trend in research activity.Furthermore,it establishes a theoretical basis for the development of neuroinflammation-targeted therapeutic strategies for glaucoma and emphasizes the necessity of strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration to promote the clinical translation of research findings.
文摘Earthquakes are highly destructive spatio-temporal phenomena whose analysis is essential for disaster preparedness and risk mitigation.Modern seismological research produces vast volumes of heterogeneous data from seismic networks,satellite observations,and geospatial repositories,creating the need for scalable infrastructures capable of integrating and analyzing such data to support intelligent decision-making.Data warehousing technologies provide a robust foundation for this purpose;however,existing earthquake-oriented data warehouses remain limited,often relying on simplified schemas,domain-specific analytics,or cataloguing efforts.This paper presents the design and implementation of a spatio-temporal data warehouse for seismic activity.The framework integrates spatial and temporal dimensions in a unified schema and introduces a novel array-based approach for managing many-to-many relationships between facts and dimensions without intermediate bridge tables.A comparative evaluation against a conventional bridge-table schema demonstrates that the array-based design improves fact-centric query performance,while the bridge-table schema remains advantageous for dimension-centric queries.To reconcile these trade-offs,a hybrid schema is proposed that retains both representations,ensuring balanced efficiency across heterogeneous workloads.The proposed framework demonstrates how spatio-temporal data warehousing can address schema complexity,improve query performance,and support multidimensional visualization.In doing so,it provides a foundation for integrating seismic analysis into broader big data-driven intelligent decision systems for disaster resilience,risk mitigation,and emergency management.
基金supported by the Chongqing Water Conservancy Science and Technology Project(grant number:CQSLK-202329)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(grant number:CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0991)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:52378327)the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation Innovation Development Joint Fund(grant number:CSTB2022NSCQ-LZX0049)。
文摘Rock slope instability is a prevalent geological hazard that imposes significant adverse impacts on engineering activities.Although existing studies have focused on homogeneous rock slopes,the theoretical models for quantifying the stability of softhard interbedded anti-inclined slopes remain underdeveloped,primarily due to the complex force transfer mechanisms involved.This study proposed a novel theoretical model for the stability analysis of soft-hard interbedded anti-inclined slopes under rainfall conditions.The framework models stratified rock layers as layered cantilever beams with material heterogeneity.Based on the principle of deformation compatibility,it comprehensively accounted for interlayer force transfer and strength degradation resulting from differential deformations among rock layers.Furthermore,it integrated the critical instability length induced by the self-weight of rock layers to determine the fracture depth.The proposed method was validated against engineering case studies and physical model tests,with error falling within an acceptable range.Compared to existing theoretical methods,the proposed method provided a more realistic representation of the slope's stress field.The analysis results demonstrate that rainfall not only reduces the inclination angle of the failure surface but also leads to an approximate 30%decrease in the safety factor.The proposed theoretical model is particularly useful for quickly calculating the stability of soft-hard interbedded anti-inclined rock slope under rainfall conditions,compared to complex and time-consuming numerical simulation calculations.
文摘In this work,a computational modelling and analysis framework is developed to investigate the thermal buckling behavior of doubly-curved composite shells reinforced with graphene-origami(G-Ori)auxetic metamaterials.A semi-analytical formulation based on the First-Order Shear Deformation Theory(FSDT)and the principle of virtual displacements is established,and closed-form solutions are derived via Navier’s method for simply supported boundary conditions.The G-Ori metamaterial reinforcements are treated as programmable constructs whose effective thermo-mechanical properties are obtained via micromechanical homogenization and incorporated into the shell model.A comprehensive parametric study examines the influence of folding geometry,dispersion arrangement,reinforcement weight fraction,curvature parameters,and elastic foundation support on the critical buckling temperature(CBT).The results reveal that,under optimal folding geometry and reinforcement alignment with principal stress trajectories,the CBT can increase by more than 150%.Furthermore,the combined effect of G-Ori reinforcement and elastic foundation substantially enhances thermal buckling resistance.These findings establish design guidelines for architected composite shells in applications such as aerospace thermal skins,morphing structures,and thermally-responsive systems,and illustrate the potential of auxetic graphene metamaterials for multifunctional,lightweight,and thermally robust structural components.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32072545,32272639 and 32260745)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.LTGN23C150009 and LY22C150003)Zhejiang University Experimental Technology Research Project(Grant No.SYBJS202217).
文摘For red pear,the anthocyanin content is a crucial factor determining the fruit skin color,which affects consumer preferences.Low overnight temperatures promote anthocyanin accumulation,but the molecular mechanism responsible is unclear.In this study,‘Hongzaosu’pear(Pyrus pyrifolia×Pyrus communis)fruit were treated with a low nighttime temperature(LNT,16℃)or a warm nighttime temperature(WNT,26℃),with sampling conducted within two diurnal cycles.The results showed that LNT promoted anthocyanin accumulation in the fruit skin.The structural anthocyanin biosynthetic genes PpCHS,PpF3H,and PpUFGT exhibited a rhythmic increase in expression at night under LNT.To examine the underlying mechanism,RNA sequencing was conducted using pear calli exposed to LNT and WNT for different durations(24,48,72,or 96 h).Transcriptome analysis revealed 285 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)common to all pairwise comparisons of LNT-and WNT-treated calli of‘Clapp's Favorite’(P.communis)at the sampling time points.KEGG pathway and gene ontology enrichment analyses indicated that the common DEGs were enriched in secondary metabolic processes and phenylpropanoid metabolic processes,which are associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis.The transcription factor PpCDF5,which was responsive to LNT,was selected for further study.Dual-luciferase assays showed that PpCDF5 activated the transcription of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes PpMYB10,PpCHS,PpF3H,PpDFR,PpANS,and PpUFGT.The yeast one-hybrid and EMSA assays demonstrated that PpCDF5 directly binds to the PpF3H promoter,which contains an AAAG motif.Overexpression of PpCDF5 in pear calli and transient overexpression in pear fruit both increased anthocyanin accumulation.The results indicate that PpCDF5 is involved in LNT-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear fruit and provide insights into the molecular regulation of commercial fruit coloration.
基金funding from the China National Key Research and Development Program(No.2023YFC3603104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82472243 and 82272180)+6 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.226-2025-00024)the Huadong Medicine Joint Funds of the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LHDMD24H150001)the Key Research&Development Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2024C03240)a collaborative scientific project co-established by the Science and Technology Department of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Zhejiang Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.GZY-ZJ-KJ-24082)he General Health Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2024KY1099)the Project of Zhejiang University Longquan Innovation Center(No.ZJDXLQCXZCJBGS2024016)Wu Jieping Medical Foundation Special Research Grant(No.320.6750.2024-23-07).
文摘Objective:Sepsis exhibits remarkable heterogeneity in disease progression trajectories,and accurate identificationof distinct trajectory-based phenotypes is critical for implementing personalized therapeutic strategies and prognostic assessment.However,trajectory clustering analysis of time-series clinical data poses substantial methodological challenges for researchers.This study provides a comprehensive tutorial framework demonstrating six trajectory modeling approaches integrated with proteomic analysis to guide researchers in identifying sepsis subtypes after laparoscopic surgery.Methods:This study employs simulated longitudinal data from 300 septic patients after laparoscopic surgery to demonstrate six trajectory modeling methods(group-based trajectory modeling,latent growth mixture modeling,latent transition analysis,time-varying effect modeling,K-means for longitudinal data,agglomerative hierarchical clustering)for identifying associations between predefinedsequential organ failure assessment trajectories and 25 proteomic biomarkers.Clustering performance was evaluated via multiple metrics,and a biomarker discovery pipeline integrating principal component analysis,random forests,feature selection,and receiver operating characteristic analysis was developed.Results:The six methods demonstrated varying performance in identifying trajectory structures,with each approach exhibiting distinct analytical characteristics.The performance metrics revealed differences across methods,which may inform context-specificmethod selection and interpretation strategies.Conclusion:This study illustrates practical implementations of trajectory modeling approaches under controlled conditions,facilitating informed method selection for clinical researchers.The inclusion of complete R code and integrated proteomics workflows offers a reproducible analytical framework connecting temporal pattern recognition to biomarker discovery.Beyond sepsis,this pipeline-oriented approach may be adapted to diverse clinical scenarios requiring longitudinal disease characterization and precision medicine applications.The comparative analysis reveals that each method has distinct strengths,providing a practical guide for clinical researchers in selecting appropriate methods based on their specificstudy goals and data characteristics.
基金supported by Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty Project(上海市临床重点专科项目,No.shslczdzk04001)High-level Key Discipline of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Tuina Science(国家中医药管理局高水平重点学科-推拿学,No.zyyzdxk-2023061)The 10th Batch of Talent Cultivation Project Under the“Young Talents Program”of Yueyang Hospital(岳阳医院第十批青苗计划人才培养项目,No.RY411.07.02.23).
文摘Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of sitting-position knee adjustment Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)and therapeutic ultrasound in treating knee osteoarthritis(KOA)and the impact on gait analysis parameters.Methods:In a randomized controlled design,80 KOA patients were randomly allocated to a manipulation group and an ultrasound group,each with 40 cases.Patients in the manipulation group received the sitting-position knee adjustment Tuina treatment;patients in the ultrasound group received low-frequency ultrasounds for treatment.The intervention was conducted twice weekly,and therapeutic efficacy was evaluated after 4 weeks of treatment.Before treatment,immediately after treatment,and after 2-week and 4-week treatment,the visual analog scale(VAS)and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index(WOMAC)scores were observed;the gait analysis outcomes were compared before treatment and after 4-week treatment,including cadence,speed,step length,stride length,single stance phase,double stance phase,and the maximal flexion angle of the knee joint.Results:Intra-group comparisons revealed that both groups showed decreased VAS scores and increased WOMAC scores immediately after treatment and after 2-week and 4-week treatment,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Immediately after treatment,the VAS score was lower in the manipulation group than in the ultrasound group(P<0.05),and the WOMAC pain score was higher in the manipulation group(P<0.05),while the ultrasound group had a higher WOMAC stiffness score than the manipulation group(P<0.05).After 2 weeks of treatment,there were no significant differences in VAS and WOMAC scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After 4-week treatment,the ultrasound group had a higher WOMAC pain score than the manipulation group(P<0.05),and the manipulation group had higher WOMAC stiffness and function scores than the ultrasound group(P<0.05).The between-group difference in the WOMAC total score remained statistically insignificant throughout the treatment(P>0.05).Regarding the gait parameters,both groups showed improvements in the cadence,speed,step length,stride length,single stance phase,double stance phase,swing phase,and maximal knee flexion angle immediately after treatment and after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment;the intra-group differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).After 4-week treatment,the manipulation group surpassed the ultrasound group in improvements in stride length,step length,swing phase,single stance phase,and maximal knee flexion angle(P<0.05).Conclusion:Both the sitting-position knee adjustment Tuina and low-frequency ultrasound therapies are effective in treating KOA and can improve the patient’s walking ability;the sitting-position knee adjustment manipulation demonstrates superior immediate pain relief and long-term improvement of stiffness,joint function,and walking ability compared to the low-frequency ultrasound.
基金supported by the Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42090055)the National Key ScientificInstruments and Equipment Development Projects of China(Grant No.41827808)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42207216).
文摘Reservoir-induced landslides in China's Three Gorges Reservoir area are prone to tensile cracks due to the influenceof their own weight and fluctuationsin water levels.The presence of cracks indicates that the tensile stress in the area has exceeded the tensile strength of the soil,leading to local instability.To explore the impact of tensile failure behavior on the stability and failure modes of reservoir landslides,the Huangtupo Riverside Slump#1 is taken as a case study.By considering local tensile failure,potential tensile cracks are incorporated into the analysis via the limit equilibrium method and reliability theory.The reliability of landslides under different tensile failure scenarios is quantified.Strain-softening characteristics of the soil are combined to further analyze the failure transmission path of the landslide.Finally,these potential failure modes were validated through physical model tests.The results show that cracks developing at rear positions reduce the stability of the slope and increase the probability of instability.During the destruction process,retrogressive failures with multiple sliding surfaces are likely to occur.However,tensile failure at the forefront reduces the likelihood of an individual slide mass descending.Progressive failure results in both regular and skip transmission patterns.Additionally,cracks and water level changes can also lead to shifts in the positions of the most dangerous blocks.Therefore,in practical landslide analysis and prevention,it is necessary to consider local tensile damage and identify potential tensile crack locations in advance to optimize prevention measures and accurately evaluate landslide risk.
基金supported by Yuelushan Laboratory Breeding Program(Grant No.YLS-2025-ZY02013)The Project of National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding(Grant No.NKLTCB202341)+4 种基金The New Variety Breeding Project of the Major Science and Technology Projects of Zhejiang(Grant No.2021C02065-1-3)Hunan Provincial Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund Project(Grant No.2025CX115)Key R&D Projects in Hainan Province(Grant No.ZDYF2023XDNY041)Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(Grant No.1630062022003)2024 Sanya Technology Stars Program(Grant No.2024KJFX022).
文摘Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)is a globally important vegetable crop,renowned for its nutritional value and economic significance.It is abundant in bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins and chlorogenic acid,which have been associated with multiple health-promoting properties(Azuma et al.,2008;Gurbuz et al.,2018).Given its significant hybrid vigor,F1 hybrid varieties are widely preferred in commercial cultivation(Mistry et al.,2018).However,traditional breeding practices predominantly rely on phenotypic selection,a process that is not only labor-intensive but also time-consuming.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12272211,12072181,and 12121002).
文摘Uncertain parameters are widespread in engineering systems.This study investigates the modal analysis of a fluid-conveying pipe subjected to elastic supports with unknown-but-bound parameters.The governing equation for the elastically supported fluid-conveying pipe is transformed into ordinary differential equations using the Galerkin truncation method.The Chebyshev interval approach,integrated with the assumed mode method is then used to investigate the effects of uncertainties of support stiffness,fluid speed,and pipe length on the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the pipe.Additionally,both symmetrical and asymmetrical support stiffnesses are discussed.The accuracy and effectiveness of the Chebyshev interval approach are verified through comparison with the Monte Carlo method.The results reveal that,for the same deviation coefficient,uncertainties in symmetrical support stiffness have a greater impact on the first four natural frequencies than those of the asymmetrical one.There may be significant differences in the sensitivity of natural frequencies and mode shapes of the same order to uncertain parameters.Notably,mode shapes susceptible to uncertain parameters exhibit wider fluctuation intervals near the elastic supports,requiring more attention.
