Because of the challenge of compounding lightweight,high-strength Ti/Al alloys due to their considerable disparity in properties,Al 6063 as intermediate layer was proposed to fabricate TC4/Al 6063/Al 7075 three-layer ...Because of the challenge of compounding lightweight,high-strength Ti/Al alloys due to their considerable disparity in properties,Al 6063 as intermediate layer was proposed to fabricate TC4/Al 6063/Al 7075 three-layer composite plate by explosive welding.The microscopic properties of each bonding interface were elucidated through field emission scanning electron microscope and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD).A methodology combining finite element method-smoothed particle hydrodynamics(FEM-SPH)and molecular dynamics(MD)was proposed for the analysis of the forming and evolution characteristics of explosive welding interfaces at multi-scale.The results demonstrate that the bonding interface morphologies of TC4/Al 6063 and Al 6063/Al 7075 exhibit a flat and wavy configuration,without discernible defects or cracks.The phenomenon of grain refinement is observed in the vicinity of the two bonding interfaces.Furthermore,the degree of plastic deformation of TC4 and Al 7075 is more pronounced than that of Al 6063 in the intermediate layer.The interface morphology characteristics obtained by FEM-SPH simulation exhibit a high degree of similarity to the experimental results.MD simulations reveal that the diffusion of interfacial elements predominantly occurs during the unloading phase,and the simulated thickness of interfacial diffusion aligns well with experimental outcomes.The introduction of intermediate layer in the explosive welding process can effectively produce high-quality titanium/aluminum alloy composite plates.Furthermore,this approach offers a multi-scale simulation strategy for the study of explosive welding bonding interfaces.展开更多
The high-temperature dissolution behavior of primary carbides in samples taken from GCr15 continuous-casting bloom was observed in-situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy.Equations were fitted to the dissolution ki...The high-temperature dissolution behavior of primary carbides in samples taken from GCr15 continuous-casting bloom was observed in-situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy.Equations were fitted to the dissolution kinetics of primary carbides during either heating or soaking.Dissolution of carbides proceeded in three stages(fast→slow→faster)as either temperature or holding time was increased.During the heating process and during the first and third stages of the soaking process,the original size of the carbides determined the steepness of the slope,but during the middle(“slow”)stage of the soaking process,the slope remained zero.The initial size of the carbides varied greatly,but their final dissolution temperature fell within the narrow range of 1210-1235℃,and the holding time remained within 50 min.Fractal analysis was used to study the morphological characteristics of small and medium-sized carbides during the dissolution process.According to changes in the fractal dimension before and after soaking,the carbides tended to evolve towards a more regular morphology.展开更多
Emerging evidence highlights the role of thyroid hormones in cancer,although findings are controversial.Research on thyroid-related traits in lung carcinogenesis is limited.Using UK Biobank data,we performed bidirecti...Emerging evidence highlights the role of thyroid hormones in cancer,although findings are controversial.Research on thyroid-related traits in lung carcinogenesis is limited.Using UK Biobank data,we performed bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR)to assess causal associations between lung cancer risk and thyroid dysfunction(hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism)or functional traits(free thyroxine[FT4]and normal-range thyroid-stimulating hormone[TSH]).Furthermore,in the smoking-behavior-stratified MR analysis,we evaluated the mediating effect of thyroid-related phenotypes on the association between smoking behaviors and lung cancer.We demonstrated significant associations between lung cancer risk and hypothyroidism(hazard ratio[HR]=1.14,95%confidence interval[CI]=1.03–1.26,P=0.009)and hyperthyroidism(HR=1.55,95%CI=1.29–1.87,P=1.90×10^(-6))in the UKB.Moreover,the MR analysis indicated a causal effect of thyroid dysfunction on lung cancer risk(ORinverse variance weighted[IVW]=1.09,95%CI=1.05–1.13,P=3.12×10^(-6)for hypothyroidism;ORIVW=1.08,95%CI=1.04–1.12,P=8.14×10^(-5)for hyperthyroidism).We found that FT4 levels were protective against lung cancer risk(ORIVW=0.93,95%CI=0.87–0.99,P=0.030).Additionally,the stratified MR analysis demonstrated distinct causal effects of thyroid dysfunction on lung cancer risk among smokers.Hyperthyroidism mediated the effect of smoking behaviors,especially the age of smoking initiation(17.66%mediated),on lung cancer risk.Thus,thyroid dysfunction phenotypes play causal roles in lung cancer development exclusively among smokers and act as mediators in the causal pathway from smoking to lung cancer.展开更多
Asthma is the most common allergic disorder and represents a significant global public health problem.Strong evidence suggests a link between ascariasis and asthma.This study aims primarily to determine the prevalence...Asthma is the most common allergic disorder and represents a significant global public health problem.Strong evidence suggests a link between ascariasis and asthma.This study aims primarily to determine the prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides infection among various risk factors,to assess blood parameters,levels of immunoglobulin E(IgE)and interleukin-4(IL-4),and to explore the relationship between ascariasis and asthma in affected individuals.The secondary objective is to examine a fractal-fractional mathematical model that describes the four stages of the life cycle of Ascaris infection,specifically within the framework of the Caputo-Fabrizio derivative.A case-control study was conducted that involved 270 individuals with asthma and 130 healthy controls,all of whom attended general hospitals in Duhok City,Iraq.Pulmonary function tests were performed using a micromedical spirometer.The presence of Ascaris lumbricoides antibodies-Immunoglobulin M(IgM),Immunoglobulin G(IgG),and Immunoglobulin E(IgE)-was detected using ELISA.Blood parameters were analyzed using a Coulter counter.The overall infection rate was(42.5%),with the highest rates observed among asthmatic men(70.0%)and rural residents(51.4%).Higher infection rates were also recorded among low-income individuals(64.3%)and those with frequent contact with the soil(58.6%).In particular,infected individuals exhibited a significant decrease in red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration,while a marked increase in white blood cell count was recorded.In addition,levels of Immunoglobulin E(IgE)and interleukin-4 were significantly higher in the infected group compared to the controls.Effective disease awareness strategies that incorporate health education and preventive measures are needed.Exposure to Ascaris has been associated with reduced lung function and an increased risk of asthma.More research is required to elucidate the precise mechanisms that link Ascaris infection with asthma.Furthermore,the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the proposed model are investigated using the Krasnosel’skii and Banach fixed-point theorems.The Ulam-Hyers and Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability types are explained within the framework of nonlinear analysis inŁp-space.Finally,an application is presented,including tabulated results and figures generated using MATLAB to illustrate the validity of the theoretical findings.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to evaluate the immunization efficacy and infection status of classical swine fever(CSF),foot-and-mouth disease(FMD),porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS),pseudorabie...[Objectives]This study was conducted to evaluate the immunization efficacy and infection status of classical swine fever(CSF),foot-and-mouth disease(FMD),porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS),pseudorabies(PR),and porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2)in large-scale pig farms.[Methods]Antibody and pathogen detection was performed on 56 serum samples collected in March 2025.[Results]The antibody qualification rates for CSF,FMD,and PRRS were 76.8%,73.2%,and 76.8%,respectively,all meeting the national standards.However,nursery pigs exhibited an immunity gap,indicating a need for timely booster vaccinations.No PRV gE antibodies or PCV2 antibodies were detected,reflecting the absence of vaccination against these diseases and suggesting significant effectiveness of comprehensive biosecurity measures.The low antibody qualification rate for PRRS in the nursery stage highlights the need for improved immunization management.[Conclusions]This study provides data support and practical insights for integrated disease prevention and control in large-scale pig farms.展开更多
Cutting off or controlling the enemy’s power supply at critical moments or strategic locations may result in a cascade failure,thus gaining an advantage in a war.However,the exist-ing cascading failure modeling analy...Cutting off or controlling the enemy’s power supply at critical moments or strategic locations may result in a cascade failure,thus gaining an advantage in a war.However,the exist-ing cascading failure modeling analysis of interdependent net-works is insufficient for describing the load characteristics and dependencies of subnetworks,and it is difficult to use for model-ing and failure analysis of power-combat(P-C)coupling net-works.This paper considers the physical characteristics of the two subnetworks and studies the mechanism of fault propaga-tion between subnetworks and across systems.Then the surviv-ability of the coupled network is evaluated.Firstly,an integrated modeling approach for the combat system and power system is predicted based on interdependent network theory.A heteroge-neous one-way interdependent network model based on proba-bility dependence is constructed.Secondly,using the operation loop theory,a load-capacity model based on combat-loop betweenness is proposed,and the cascade failure model of the P-C coupling system is investigated from three perspectives:ini-tial capacity,allocation strategy,and failure mechanism.Thirdly,survivability indexes based on load loss rate and network sur-vival rate are proposed.Finally,the P-C coupling system is con-structed based on the IEEE 118-bus system to demonstrate the proposed method.展开更多
Shale gas, as a clean, low-carbon, and abundant unconventional natural gas resource, plays a crucial role in achieving clean energy transformation and carbon neutrality. The Fuling shale gas reservoir in Sichuan Basin...Shale gas, as a clean, low-carbon, and abundant unconventional natural gas resource, plays a crucial role in achieving clean energy transformation and carbon neutrality. The Fuling shale gas reservoir in Sichuan Basin stands out as China's most promising area for shale gas exploration and recovery. However, the continuous recovery of shale gas in the southern Sichuan Basin has led to well interference events in hundreds of wells, with the furthest well distance reaching over 2000 m. This study introduces a multi-scale approach for transient analysis of a multi-well horizontal pad with well interference in shale gas reservoirs. The approach utilizes Laplace transform technology, boundary element theory, and the finite difference method to address the complexities of the system. Well interference is managed using the pressure superposition principle. To validate the proposed multi-scale method, a commercial numerical simulator is employed. The comprehensive pressure behavior of a multi-well horizontal pad in a shale gas reservoir is analyzed, encompassing wellbore storage effect, skin effect, bilinear flow, linear flow, pseudo-radial flow of primary fractures, well interference period, dual-porosity flow, pseudo-radial flow of the total system, and boundary-dominated flow. A case study is conducted on the typical well, the well with the longest production history in the Fuling shale gas reservoir. The rate transient analysis is conducted to integrate up to 229 days of shale gas production daily data and wellhead pressure data, enabling the generation of pressure behavior under unit flow rate. The results indicate that the linear flow, transitional flow, and boundary-dominated flow are more likely to be observed in the actual data. Secondary fractures are considered to be the primary pathways for fluid migration during well interference events. The evaluated formation permeability is 2.58 × 10^(-2) mD, the well spacing is 227.8 m, the diffusion coefficient is 1.49 × 10^(-4), and the skin factor is 0.09.展开更多
Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'...Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine]were successfully synthesized by the volatilization of the solution at room temperature.The crystal structures of six complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technology.The results showed that the complexes all have a binuclear structure,and the structures contain free ethanol molecules.Moreover,the coordination number of the central metal of each structural unit is eight.Adjacent structural units interact with each other through hydrogen bonds and further expand to form 1D chain-like and 2D planar structures.After conducting a systematic study on the luminescence properties of complexes 1-4,their emission and excitation spectra were obtained.Experimental results indicated that the fluorescence lifetimes of complexes 2 and 3 were 0.807 and 0.845 ms,respectively.The emission spectral data of complexes 1-4 were imported into the CIE chromaticity coordinate system,and their corre sponding luminescent regions cover the yellow light,red light,green light,and orange-red light bands,respectively.Within the temperature range of 299.15-1300 K,the thermal decomposition processes of the six complexes were comprehensively analyzed by using TG-DSC/FTIR/MS technology.The hypothesis of the gradual loss of ligand groups during the decomposition process was verified by detecting the escaped gas,3D infrared spectroscopy,and ion fragment information detected by mass spectrometry.The specific decomposition path is as follows:firstly,free ethanol molecules and neutral ligands are removed,and finally,acidic ligands are released;the final product is the corresponding metal oxide.CCDC:2430420,1;2430422,2;2430419,3;2430424,4;2430421,5;2430423,6.展开更多
Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macro...Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.展开更多
Landslides are significant natural geological hazards.Landslide susceptibility evaluation involves the quantitative assessment and prediction of potential landslide locations and their probabilities.Research has explo...Landslides are significant natural geological hazards.Landslide susceptibility evaluation involves the quantitative assessment and prediction of potential landslide locations and their probabilities.Research has explored susceptibility assessment methods based on spatial-scale analysis.This evaluation integrates two models—global and local scale—using a CNN model and a PSO-CNN coupled model.Key aspects include selecting evaluation factors and optimizing model parameters for landslide susceptibility at different scales.A major focus of current landslide research is utilizing prediction results to enhance prevention and control measures.展开更多
Fish scaleδ^(15)N(δ^(15)N_(sca))records trophic information of the whole life history for marine fishes.Data from gut content and values calculated from white muscle tissue(WMT)are insufficient for assessing trophic...Fish scaleδ^(15)N(δ^(15)N_(sca))records trophic information of the whole life history for marine fishes.Data from gut content and values calculated from white muscle tissue(WMT)are insufficient for assessing trophic level(TL)of marine fishes as they only provide the information of several months or even several days.Stable isotope analysis(SIA)of nitrogen was carried out in fish scales and WMT of 16 species from a total of 28 individuals captured from the Yellow Sea and northern East China Sea in October and November of 2019,aiming at discovering the correlation betweenδ^(15)N_(sca) and fish WMTδ^(15)N(δ^(15)NWMT),so as to useδ^(15)N_(sca) for the characterization of TLs of marine fish.Scales were analyzed without prior carbonate dissolution as a pre-processing step.TL calculated fromδ^(15)N_(sca) was compared to traditional TL formula calculated withδ^(15)N_(WMT) to estimate the accuracy.We found that there was a highly significant and positive correlation(r=0.830,P<0.001)betweenδ^(15)N_(sca) andδ^(15)N_(WMT).TL calculation results using fish scale(TL_(sca))and WMT(TL_(WMT))showed congruence(r=0.773,P<0.001),and the regression coefficient betweenδ^(15)N_(sca) andδ^(15)NWMT was used for calculating TLsca.The conversion was conducted for the purpose of comparison with previousδ^(15)N_(WMT)-based calculation results of TL.TLsca calculation results were 81.25%within the TL range of±10%calculated withδ^(15)NWMT.The findings in the present study showed thatδ^(15)N_(sca) is a viable technique for the characterization of the TL of marine fish and can help to predict food web and support the study of marine ecosystem.展开更多
Transparent exopolymer particles(TEP)are abundant gel-like colloids pivotal in marine carbon cycling and water treatment processes.Their environmental roles are governed by hierarchical architectures,yet in-situ struc...Transparent exopolymer particles(TEP)are abundant gel-like colloids pivotal in marine carbon cycling and water treatment processes.Their environmental roles are governed by hierarchical architectures,yet in-situ structural characterization remains challenging due to transparency,fragility,and polymorphism.To address this,we developed an integrated image analysis suite combining advanced processing with statistical modeling,enabling simultaneous 2D/3D quantification of TEP morphology and intra-particle heterogeneity.This framework generates multidimensional descriptors(e.g.,fractal dimensions,density gradients)for individual aggregates and assemblies.Applied to cationmediated aggregation,it revealed divergent bridging behaviors.Mg2+induced moderate size changes(2.99-4.08μm),while Ca^(2+)drove exponential growth(1.81-187.76μm)when ionic strength increasing from 1 to 5 mmol/L.Concurrent form factor reductions(Mg:0.31 to 0.16;Ca:0.44 to 0.19)quantitatively distinguish aggregation pathways.The method deciphers ion-specific assembly mechanisms and resolves subtle colloidal interactions,establishing a paradigm for colloidal system analysis with possible applications extending beyond TEP research to other subjects such as microplastic aggregation.展开更多
Centrifugal Pumps(CPs)are critical machine components in many industries,and their efficient operation and reliable Fault Diagnosis(FD)are essential for minimizing downtime and maintenance costs.This paper introduces ...Centrifugal Pumps(CPs)are critical machine components in many industries,and their efficient operation and reliable Fault Diagnosis(FD)are essential for minimizing downtime and maintenance costs.This paper introduces a novel FD method to improve both the accuracy and reliability of detecting potential faults in such pumps.Theproposed method combinesWaveletCoherent Analysis(WCA)and Stockwell Transform(S-transform)scalograms with Sobel and non-local means filters,effectively capturing complex fault signatures from vibration signals.Using Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)for feature extraction,the method transforms these scalograms into image inputs,enabling the recognition of patterns that span both time and frequency domains.The CNN extracts essential discriminative features,which are then merged and passed into a Kolmogorov-Arnold Network(KAN)classifier,ensuring precise fault identification.The proposed approach was experimentally validated on diverse datasets collected under varying conditions,demonstrating its robustness and generalizability.Achieving classification accuracy of 100%,99.86%,and 99.92%across the datasets,this method significantly outperforms traditional fault detection approaches.These results underscore the potential to enhance CP FD,providing an effective solution for predictive maintenance and improving overall system reliability.展开更多
To improve design accuracy and reliability of structures,this study solves the uncertain natural frequencies with consideration for geometric nonlinearity and structural uncertainty.Frequencies of the laminated plate ...To improve design accuracy and reliability of structures,this study solves the uncertain natural frequencies with consideration for geometric nonlinearity and structural uncertainty.Frequencies of the laminated plate with all four edges clamped(CCCC)are derived based on Navier's method and Galerkin's method.The novelty of the current work is that the number of unknowns in the displacement field model of a CCCC plate with free midsurface(CCCC-2 plate)is only three compared with four or five in cases of other exposed methods.The present analytical method is proved to be accurate and reliable by comparing linear natural frequencies and nonlinear natural frequencies with other models available in the open literature.Furthermore,a novel method for analyzing effects of mean values and tolerance zones of uncertain structural parameters on random frequencies is proposed based on a self-developed Multiscale Feature Extraction and Fusion Network(MFEFN)system.Compared with a direct Monte Carlo Simulation(MCS),the MFEFNbased procedure significantly reduces the calculation burden with a guarantee of accuracy.Our research provides a method to calculate nonlinear natural frequencies under two boundary conditions and presentes a surrogate model to predict frequencies for accuracy analysis and optimization design.展开更多
To address the deficiency in loss diagnostic methods for turbines working at off-design angles of attack,a novel loss decomposition method suitable for cascade flow with large separation is proposed.The method propose...To address the deficiency in loss diagnostic methods for turbines working at off-design angles of attack,a novel loss decomposition method suitable for cascade flow with large separation is proposed.The method proposed has the following advantages over existing methods:(A)It enables refined loss decomposition for cascade flows,capable of identifying the spatial range of specific regions such as shear layers and backflow regions,thereby obtaining the loss characteristics of these regions.(B)The region identification criteria in this method have clear physical meanings,rather than relying on arbitrary area division.(C)The method has good applicability and is suitable for cascade flows under various angles of attack.Validation shows that this method achieves satisfactory results.Based on this method,the loss mechanisms of a low-pressure turbine cascade at a low Reynolds number of 4.3×10^(4)and angles of attack of-5°,-20°,and-45°are investigated using Large Eddy Simulations(LESs).Entropy analysis quantitatively demonstrates significant differences in the composition of losses among flow regions,due to their different flow characteristics.From the perspective of flow regions,wake loss dominates total loss,while loss in backflow region is negligible.Furthermore,the variation mechanisms of loss with incidence differ among different flow regions.展开更多
Cowl-induced incident Shock Wave/Boundary Layer Interactions (SWBLI) under the influence of gradual expansion waves are frequently observed in supersonic inlets. However, the analysis and prediction of interaction len...Cowl-induced incident Shock Wave/Boundary Layer Interactions (SWBLI) under the influence of gradual expansion waves are frequently observed in supersonic inlets. However, the analysis and prediction of interaction lengths have not been sufficiently investigated. First, this study presents a theoretical scaling analysis and validates it through wind tunnel experiments. It conducts detailed control volume analysis of mass conservation, considering the differences between inviscid and viscous cases. Then, three models for analysing interaction length under gradual expansion waves are derived. Related experiments using schlieren photography are conducted to validate the models in a Mach 2.73 flow. The interaction scales are captured at various relative distances between the shock impingement location and the expansion regions with wedge angles ranging from 12° to 15° and expansion angles of 9°, 12°, and 15°. Three trend lines are plotted based on different expansion angles to depict the relationship between normalised interaction length and normalised interaction strength metric. In addition, the relationship between the coefficients of the trend line and the expansion angles is introduced to predict the interaction length influenced by gradual expansion waves. Finally, the estimation of normalised interaction length is derived for various coefficients within a unified form.展开更多
Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations...Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.展开更多
The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.A...The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.展开更多
AIM:To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year,journals,countries/regions,organizations,references,and keywords,to investigate the current resea...AIM:To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year,journals,countries/regions,organizations,references,and keywords,to investigate the current research international trends and hot topics in this area.METHODS:Bibliometric analysis was conducted on 9128 articles in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC;Clarivate)database.Quantitative and qualitative analysis was employed using VOSviewer(v1.6.18),Pajek(v1.0.0.0),and CiteSpace(v6.1.R2)software.RESULTS:The 9128 papers relating to glaucoma treatment were published from April 2013 to April 2023,of which 7482 articles(82%)were original research articles and 1464(18%)were review articles.The United States(2867)and Johns Hopkins University(166)were the most productive country and institution,respectively,but the University College London had the highest h-index(54).The Journal of Glaucoma was the most productive and Ophthalmology had the highest h-index compared with other journals.The Keywords of interest included treatment surgery,cyclophotocoagulation,minimally invasive glaucoma surgery(MIGS),trabeculectomy,baerveldt,epidemiology,medication adherence,nanoparticle,optical coherence tomography(OCT),gene therapy,and artificial intelligence(AI).Glaucoma surgery appeared as a current research hotspot through the analysis of keywords.CONCLUSION:This study provides insights into the research trends and potential research hotspots in the treatment of glaucoma.This will help researchers to evaluate research policies and to promote international cooperation.展开更多
基金Opening Foundation of Key Laboratory of Explosive Energy Utilization and Control,Anhui Province(BP20240104)Graduate Innovation Program of China University of Mining and Technology(2024WLJCRCZL049)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX24_2701)。
文摘Because of the challenge of compounding lightweight,high-strength Ti/Al alloys due to their considerable disparity in properties,Al 6063 as intermediate layer was proposed to fabricate TC4/Al 6063/Al 7075 three-layer composite plate by explosive welding.The microscopic properties of each bonding interface were elucidated through field emission scanning electron microscope and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD).A methodology combining finite element method-smoothed particle hydrodynamics(FEM-SPH)and molecular dynamics(MD)was proposed for the analysis of the forming and evolution characteristics of explosive welding interfaces at multi-scale.The results demonstrate that the bonding interface morphologies of TC4/Al 6063 and Al 6063/Al 7075 exhibit a flat and wavy configuration,without discernible defects or cracks.The phenomenon of grain refinement is observed in the vicinity of the two bonding interfaces.Furthermore,the degree of plastic deformation of TC4 and Al 7075 is more pronounced than that of Al 6063 in the intermediate layer.The interface morphology characteristics obtained by FEM-SPH simulation exhibit a high degree of similarity to the experimental results.MD simulations reveal that the diffusion of interfacial elements predominantly occurs during the unloading phase,and the simulated thickness of interfacial diffusion aligns well with experimental outcomes.The introduction of intermediate layer in the explosive welding process can effectively produce high-quality titanium/aluminum alloy composite plates.Furthermore,this approach offers a multi-scale simulation strategy for the study of explosive welding bonding interfaces.
基金supported by Independent Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy,Shanghai University(SKLASS-2023-Z13)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.19DZ2270200)+1 种基金A portion of the work was performed at US National High Magnetic Field Laboratory,which is supported by the National Science Foundation(Cooperative Agreement No.DMR-1157490 and DMR-1644779)the State of Florida.Thanks also to Mary Tyler for editing.
文摘The high-temperature dissolution behavior of primary carbides in samples taken from GCr15 continuous-casting bloom was observed in-situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy.Equations were fitted to the dissolution kinetics of primary carbides during either heating or soaking.Dissolution of carbides proceeded in three stages(fast→slow→faster)as either temperature or holding time was increased.During the heating process and during the first and third stages of the soaking process,the original size of the carbides determined the steepness of the slope,but during the middle(“slow”)stage of the soaking process,the slope remained zero.The initial size of the carbides varied greatly,but their final dissolution temperature fell within the narrow range of 1210-1235℃,and the holding time remained within 50 min.Fractal analysis was used to study the morphological characteristics of small and medium-sized carbides during the dissolution process.According to changes in the fractal dimension before and after soaking,the carbides tended to evolve towards a more regular morphology.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82220108002 to F.C.,82273737 to R.Z.,82473728 to Y.W.)the US National Institutes of Health(Grant Nos.CA209414,HL060710,ES000002 to D.C.C.,CA209414,CA249096 to Y.L.)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).R.Z.was partially supported by the Qing Lan Project of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province and the Outstanding Young-Level Academic Leadership Training Program of Nanjing Medical University.
文摘Emerging evidence highlights the role of thyroid hormones in cancer,although findings are controversial.Research on thyroid-related traits in lung carcinogenesis is limited.Using UK Biobank data,we performed bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR)to assess causal associations between lung cancer risk and thyroid dysfunction(hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism)or functional traits(free thyroxine[FT4]and normal-range thyroid-stimulating hormone[TSH]).Furthermore,in the smoking-behavior-stratified MR analysis,we evaluated the mediating effect of thyroid-related phenotypes on the association between smoking behaviors and lung cancer.We demonstrated significant associations between lung cancer risk and hypothyroidism(hazard ratio[HR]=1.14,95%confidence interval[CI]=1.03–1.26,P=0.009)and hyperthyroidism(HR=1.55,95%CI=1.29–1.87,P=1.90×10^(-6))in the UKB.Moreover,the MR analysis indicated a causal effect of thyroid dysfunction on lung cancer risk(ORinverse variance weighted[IVW]=1.09,95%CI=1.05–1.13,P=3.12×10^(-6)for hypothyroidism;ORIVW=1.08,95%CI=1.04–1.12,P=8.14×10^(-5)for hyperthyroidism).We found that FT4 levels were protective against lung cancer risk(ORIVW=0.93,95%CI=0.87–0.99,P=0.030).Additionally,the stratified MR analysis demonstrated distinct causal effects of thyroid dysfunction on lung cancer risk among smokers.Hyperthyroidism mediated the effect of smoking behaviors,especially the age of smoking initiation(17.66%mediated),on lung cancer risk.Thus,thyroid dysfunction phenotypes play causal roles in lung cancer development exclusively among smokers and act as mediators in the causal pathway from smoking to lung cancer.
文摘Asthma is the most common allergic disorder and represents a significant global public health problem.Strong evidence suggests a link between ascariasis and asthma.This study aims primarily to determine the prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides infection among various risk factors,to assess blood parameters,levels of immunoglobulin E(IgE)and interleukin-4(IL-4),and to explore the relationship between ascariasis and asthma in affected individuals.The secondary objective is to examine a fractal-fractional mathematical model that describes the four stages of the life cycle of Ascaris infection,specifically within the framework of the Caputo-Fabrizio derivative.A case-control study was conducted that involved 270 individuals with asthma and 130 healthy controls,all of whom attended general hospitals in Duhok City,Iraq.Pulmonary function tests were performed using a micromedical spirometer.The presence of Ascaris lumbricoides antibodies-Immunoglobulin M(IgM),Immunoglobulin G(IgG),and Immunoglobulin E(IgE)-was detected using ELISA.Blood parameters were analyzed using a Coulter counter.The overall infection rate was(42.5%),with the highest rates observed among asthmatic men(70.0%)and rural residents(51.4%).Higher infection rates were also recorded among low-income individuals(64.3%)and those with frequent contact with the soil(58.6%).In particular,infected individuals exhibited a significant decrease in red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration,while a marked increase in white blood cell count was recorded.In addition,levels of Immunoglobulin E(IgE)and interleukin-4 were significantly higher in the infected group compared to the controls.Effective disease awareness strategies that incorporate health education and preventive measures are needed.Exposure to Ascaris has been associated with reduced lung function and an increased risk of asthma.More research is required to elucidate the precise mechanisms that link Ascaris infection with asthma.Furthermore,the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the proposed model are investigated using the Krasnosel’skii and Banach fixed-point theorems.The Ulam-Hyers and Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability types are explained within the framework of nonlinear analysis inŁp-space.Finally,an application is presented,including tabulated results and figures generated using MATLAB to illustrate the validity of the theoretical findings.
基金Supported by Guizhou Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Project(QNYZZZ[2017]No.12,GZSZCYJSTX-04)2025 Quality Supervision and Sampling Project of Normal Temperature Semen for Breeding Pigs(2025-1-10).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to evaluate the immunization efficacy and infection status of classical swine fever(CSF),foot-and-mouth disease(FMD),porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS),pseudorabies(PR),and porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2)in large-scale pig farms.[Methods]Antibody and pathogen detection was performed on 56 serum samples collected in March 2025.[Results]The antibody qualification rates for CSF,FMD,and PRRS were 76.8%,73.2%,and 76.8%,respectively,all meeting the national standards.However,nursery pigs exhibited an immunity gap,indicating a need for timely booster vaccinations.No PRV gE antibodies or PCV2 antibodies were detected,reflecting the absence of vaccination against these diseases and suggesting significant effectiveness of comprehensive biosecurity measures.The low antibody qualification rate for PRRS in the nursery stage highlights the need for improved immunization management.[Conclusions]This study provides data support and practical insights for integrated disease prevention and control in large-scale pig farms.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72271242)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China for Excellent Young Scholars(2022JJ20046).
文摘Cutting off or controlling the enemy’s power supply at critical moments or strategic locations may result in a cascade failure,thus gaining an advantage in a war.However,the exist-ing cascading failure modeling analysis of interdependent net-works is insufficient for describing the load characteristics and dependencies of subnetworks,and it is difficult to use for model-ing and failure analysis of power-combat(P-C)coupling net-works.This paper considers the physical characteristics of the two subnetworks and studies the mechanism of fault propaga-tion between subnetworks and across systems.Then the surviv-ability of the coupled network is evaluated.Firstly,an integrated modeling approach for the combat system and power system is predicted based on interdependent network theory.A heteroge-neous one-way interdependent network model based on proba-bility dependence is constructed.Secondly,using the operation loop theory,a load-capacity model based on combat-loop betweenness is proposed,and the cascade failure model of the P-C coupling system is investigated from three perspectives:ini-tial capacity,allocation strategy,and failure mechanism.Thirdly,survivability indexes based on load loss rate and network sur-vival rate are proposed.Finally,the P-C coupling system is con-structed based on the IEEE 118-bus system to demonstrate the proposed method.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12202042)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(QNXM20220011,FRF-TP-22-119A1,FRF-IDRY-22-001)+2 种基金the Open Fund Project of Sinopec State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development(33550000-22-ZC0613-0269)China Postdoctoral Science Foundations(2021M700391)High-end Foreign Expert Introduction Program(G2023105006L).
文摘Shale gas, as a clean, low-carbon, and abundant unconventional natural gas resource, plays a crucial role in achieving clean energy transformation and carbon neutrality. The Fuling shale gas reservoir in Sichuan Basin stands out as China's most promising area for shale gas exploration and recovery. However, the continuous recovery of shale gas in the southern Sichuan Basin has led to well interference events in hundreds of wells, with the furthest well distance reaching over 2000 m. This study introduces a multi-scale approach for transient analysis of a multi-well horizontal pad with well interference in shale gas reservoirs. The approach utilizes Laplace transform technology, boundary element theory, and the finite difference method to address the complexities of the system. Well interference is managed using the pressure superposition principle. To validate the proposed multi-scale method, a commercial numerical simulator is employed. The comprehensive pressure behavior of a multi-well horizontal pad in a shale gas reservoir is analyzed, encompassing wellbore storage effect, skin effect, bilinear flow, linear flow, pseudo-radial flow of primary fractures, well interference period, dual-porosity flow, pseudo-radial flow of the total system, and boundary-dominated flow. A case study is conducted on the typical well, the well with the longest production history in the Fuling shale gas reservoir. The rate transient analysis is conducted to integrate up to 229 days of shale gas production daily data and wellhead pressure data, enabling the generation of pressure behavior under unit flow rate. The results indicate that the linear flow, transitional flow, and boundary-dominated flow are more likely to be observed in the actual data. Secondary fractures are considered to be the primary pathways for fluid migration during well interference events. The evaluated formation permeability is 2.58 × 10^(-2) mD, the well spacing is 227.8 m, the diffusion coefficient is 1.49 × 10^(-4), and the skin factor is 0.09.
文摘Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine]were successfully synthesized by the volatilization of the solution at room temperature.The crystal structures of six complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technology.The results showed that the complexes all have a binuclear structure,and the structures contain free ethanol molecules.Moreover,the coordination number of the central metal of each structural unit is eight.Adjacent structural units interact with each other through hydrogen bonds and further expand to form 1D chain-like and 2D planar structures.After conducting a systematic study on the luminescence properties of complexes 1-4,their emission and excitation spectra were obtained.Experimental results indicated that the fluorescence lifetimes of complexes 2 and 3 were 0.807 and 0.845 ms,respectively.The emission spectral data of complexes 1-4 were imported into the CIE chromaticity coordinate system,and their corre sponding luminescent regions cover the yellow light,red light,green light,and orange-red light bands,respectively.Within the temperature range of 299.15-1300 K,the thermal decomposition processes of the six complexes were comprehensively analyzed by using TG-DSC/FTIR/MS technology.The hypothesis of the gradual loss of ligand groups during the decomposition process was verified by detecting the escaped gas,3D infrared spectroscopy,and ion fragment information detected by mass spectrometry.The specific decomposition path is as follows:firstly,free ethanol molecules and neutral ligands are removed,and finally,acidic ligands are released;the final product is the corresponding metal oxide.CCDC:2430420,1;2430422,2;2430419,3;2430424,4;2430421,5;2430423,6.
基金supported by Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline ProjectThe Intramural Research Program of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,No. 4910Qingdao West Coast New Area Science and Technology Project,No. 2020-55 (all to SW)。
文摘Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.
基金Jiangxi Provincial Innovative Training Project“Post-earthquake Landslide Risk Evaluation Study under Spatial Scale Modelling”(Project No.:S202311318050)。
文摘Landslides are significant natural geological hazards.Landslide susceptibility evaluation involves the quantitative assessment and prediction of potential landslide locations and their probabilities.Research has explored susceptibility assessment methods based on spatial-scale analysis.This evaluation integrates two models—global and local scale—using a CNN model and a PSO-CNN coupled model.Key aspects include selecting evaluation factors and optimizing model parameters for landslide susceptibility at different scales.A major focus of current landslide research is utilizing prediction results to enhance prevention and control measures.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Hainan Tropical Ocean University(No.RHDRC202312)the Major Science and Technology Project of Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute of Hainan Tropical Ocean University:Research on Hainan Coastal Marine Ecological Environment and Carbon Sink(No.2022CXYZD002).
文摘Fish scaleδ^(15)N(δ^(15)N_(sca))records trophic information of the whole life history for marine fishes.Data from gut content and values calculated from white muscle tissue(WMT)are insufficient for assessing trophic level(TL)of marine fishes as they only provide the information of several months or even several days.Stable isotope analysis(SIA)of nitrogen was carried out in fish scales and WMT of 16 species from a total of 28 individuals captured from the Yellow Sea and northern East China Sea in October and November of 2019,aiming at discovering the correlation betweenδ^(15)N_(sca) and fish WMTδ^(15)N(δ^(15)NWMT),so as to useδ^(15)N_(sca) for the characterization of TLs of marine fish.Scales were analyzed without prior carbonate dissolution as a pre-processing step.TL calculated fromδ^(15)N_(sca) was compared to traditional TL formula calculated withδ^(15)N_(WMT) to estimate the accuracy.We found that there was a highly significant and positive correlation(r=0.830,P<0.001)betweenδ^(15)N_(sca) andδ^(15)N_(WMT).TL calculation results using fish scale(TL_(sca))and WMT(TL_(WMT))showed congruence(r=0.773,P<0.001),and the regression coefficient betweenδ^(15)N_(sca) andδ^(15)NWMT was used for calculating TLsca.The conversion was conducted for the purpose of comparison with previousδ^(15)N_(WMT)-based calculation results of TL.TLsca calculation results were 81.25%within the TL range of±10%calculated withδ^(15)NWMT.The findings in the present study showed thatδ^(15)N_(sca) is a viable technique for the characterization of the TL of marine fish and can help to predict food web and support the study of marine ecosystem.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52270019,U24A20188,and 52370003).
文摘Transparent exopolymer particles(TEP)are abundant gel-like colloids pivotal in marine carbon cycling and water treatment processes.Their environmental roles are governed by hierarchical architectures,yet in-situ structural characterization remains challenging due to transparency,fragility,and polymorphism.To address this,we developed an integrated image analysis suite combining advanced processing with statistical modeling,enabling simultaneous 2D/3D quantification of TEP morphology and intra-particle heterogeneity.This framework generates multidimensional descriptors(e.g.,fractal dimensions,density gradients)for individual aggregates and assemblies.Applied to cationmediated aggregation,it revealed divergent bridging behaviors.Mg2+induced moderate size changes(2.99-4.08μm),while Ca^(2+)drove exponential growth(1.81-187.76μm)when ionic strength increasing from 1 to 5 mmol/L.Concurrent form factor reductions(Mg:0.31 to 0.16;Ca:0.44 to 0.19)quantitatively distinguish aggregation pathways.The method deciphers ion-specific assembly mechanisms and resolves subtle colloidal interactions,establishing a paradigm for colloidal system analysis with possible applications extending beyond TEP research to other subjects such as microplastic aggregation.
基金supported by the Technology Innovation Program(20023566,‘Development and Demonstration of Industrial IoT and AI-Based Process Facility Intelligence Support System in Small and Medium Manufacturing Sites’)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry,&Energy(MOTIE,Republic of Korea).
文摘Centrifugal Pumps(CPs)are critical machine components in many industries,and their efficient operation and reliable Fault Diagnosis(FD)are essential for minimizing downtime and maintenance costs.This paper introduces a novel FD method to improve both the accuracy and reliability of detecting potential faults in such pumps.Theproposed method combinesWaveletCoherent Analysis(WCA)and Stockwell Transform(S-transform)scalograms with Sobel and non-local means filters,effectively capturing complex fault signatures from vibration signals.Using Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)for feature extraction,the method transforms these scalograms into image inputs,enabling the recognition of patterns that span both time and frequency domains.The CNN extracts essential discriminative features,which are then merged and passed into a Kolmogorov-Arnold Network(KAN)classifier,ensuring precise fault identification.The proposed approach was experimentally validated on diverse datasets collected under varying conditions,demonstrating its robustness and generalizability.Achieving classification accuracy of 100%,99.86%,and 99.92%across the datasets,this method significantly outperforms traditional fault detection approaches.These results underscore the potential to enhance CP FD,providing an effective solution for predictive maintenance and improving overall system reliability.
基金the research project funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.HIT.OCEP.2024038)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372351)the State Key Laboratory of Micro-Spacecraft Rapid Design and Intelligent Cluster,China(No.MS02240107)。
文摘To improve design accuracy and reliability of structures,this study solves the uncertain natural frequencies with consideration for geometric nonlinearity and structural uncertainty.Frequencies of the laminated plate with all four edges clamped(CCCC)are derived based on Navier's method and Galerkin's method.The novelty of the current work is that the number of unknowns in the displacement field model of a CCCC plate with free midsurface(CCCC-2 plate)is only three compared with four or five in cases of other exposed methods.The present analytical method is proved to be accurate and reliable by comparing linear natural frequencies and nonlinear natural frequencies with other models available in the open literature.Furthermore,a novel method for analyzing effects of mean values and tolerance zones of uncertain structural parameters on random frequencies is proposed based on a self-developed Multiscale Feature Extraction and Fusion Network(MFEFN)system.Compared with a direct Monte Carlo Simulation(MCS),the MFEFNbased procedure significantly reduces the calculation burden with a guarantee of accuracy.Our research provides a method to calculate nonlinear natural frequencies under two boundary conditions and presentes a surrogate model to predict frequencies for accuracy analysis and optimization design.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52176033)the National Science and Technology Major Project,China(No.J2019-II-0012-0032)the Science Center for Gas Turbine Project,China(No.P2022-B-II-009-001)。
文摘To address the deficiency in loss diagnostic methods for turbines working at off-design angles of attack,a novel loss decomposition method suitable for cascade flow with large separation is proposed.The method proposed has the following advantages over existing methods:(A)It enables refined loss decomposition for cascade flows,capable of identifying the spatial range of specific regions such as shear layers and backflow regions,thereby obtaining the loss characteristics of these regions.(B)The region identification criteria in this method have clear physical meanings,rather than relying on arbitrary area division.(C)The method has good applicability and is suitable for cascade flows under various angles of attack.Validation shows that this method achieves satisfactory results.Based on this method,the loss mechanisms of a low-pressure turbine cascade at a low Reynolds number of 4.3×10^(4)and angles of attack of-5°,-20°,and-45°are investigated using Large Eddy Simulations(LESs).Entropy analysis quantitatively demonstrates significant differences in the composition of losses among flow regions,due to their different flow characteristics.From the perspective of flow regions,wake loss dominates total loss,while loss in backflow region is negligible.Furthermore,the variation mechanisms of loss with incidence differ among different flow regions.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 12172175)the National Science and Technology Major Project, China (No. J2019-II0014-0035)the Science Center for Gas Turbine Project, China (Nos. P2022-C-II-002-001, P2022-A-II-002-001)
文摘Cowl-induced incident Shock Wave/Boundary Layer Interactions (SWBLI) under the influence of gradual expansion waves are frequently observed in supersonic inlets. However, the analysis and prediction of interaction lengths have not been sufficiently investigated. First, this study presents a theoretical scaling analysis and validates it through wind tunnel experiments. It conducts detailed control volume analysis of mass conservation, considering the differences between inviscid and viscous cases. Then, three models for analysing interaction length under gradual expansion waves are derived. Related experiments using schlieren photography are conducted to validate the models in a Mach 2.73 flow. The interaction scales are captured at various relative distances between the shock impingement location and the expansion regions with wedge angles ranging from 12° to 15° and expansion angles of 9°, 12°, and 15°. Three trend lines are plotted based on different expansion angles to depict the relationship between normalised interaction length and normalised interaction strength metric. In addition, the relationship between the coefficients of the trend line and the expansion angles is introduced to predict the interaction length influenced by gradual expansion waves. Finally, the estimation of normalised interaction length is derived for various coefficients within a unified form.
基金supported by grants from the Tianjin Health Technology Project(Grant no.2022QN106).
文摘Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52034002 and U2202254)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-TT-19-001)。
文摘The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.
基金Suppotred by Tianjin Key Medical Discipline Construction Project(No.TJYXZDXK-3-004A-2).
文摘AIM:To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year,journals,countries/regions,organizations,references,and keywords,to investigate the current research international trends and hot topics in this area.METHODS:Bibliometric analysis was conducted on 9128 articles in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC;Clarivate)database.Quantitative and qualitative analysis was employed using VOSviewer(v1.6.18),Pajek(v1.0.0.0),and CiteSpace(v6.1.R2)software.RESULTS:The 9128 papers relating to glaucoma treatment were published from April 2013 to April 2023,of which 7482 articles(82%)were original research articles and 1464(18%)were review articles.The United States(2867)and Johns Hopkins University(166)were the most productive country and institution,respectively,but the University College London had the highest h-index(54).The Journal of Glaucoma was the most productive and Ophthalmology had the highest h-index compared with other journals.The Keywords of interest included treatment surgery,cyclophotocoagulation,minimally invasive glaucoma surgery(MIGS),trabeculectomy,baerveldt,epidemiology,medication adherence,nanoparticle,optical coherence tomography(OCT),gene therapy,and artificial intelligence(AI).Glaucoma surgery appeared as a current research hotspot through the analysis of keywords.CONCLUSION:This study provides insights into the research trends and potential research hotspots in the treatment of glaucoma.This will help researchers to evaluate research policies and to promote international cooperation.
