Background:Epidemiological studies have confirmed that longer exposure to insecticides like cypermethrin(CYP)significantly increases the risk of male reproductive toxicity.Crocus sativus L.has been recognized due to i...Background:Epidemiological studies have confirmed that longer exposure to insecticides like cypermethrin(CYP)significantly increases the risk of male reproductive toxicity.Crocus sativus L.has been recognized due to its therapeutic properties,but its exact role and molecular mechanisms in treatment of reproductive dysfunction remain unclear.Methods:During this study,36 rats were randomly divided into six groups(n=6):control,CYP-induced(60 mg/kg),standard(leuprolide 3 mg/kg)and three treatment groups receiving aqueous,ethanolic,and oil extracts(50 mg/kg or 20 mL/kg)for post-toxicity induction.Results:The finding represented that exposure of CYP significantly increased oxidative stress,disrupted testicular architecture,and markedly reduced testosterone levels(P<0.05).Importantly,Crocus sativus L.treatment alleviated these changes by increasing the expression of Nrf2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2),restoring the activity of antioxidant enzymes,and enhancing testicular histomorphology.Surprisingly,molecular docking established a high binding affinity of Crocus sativus L.phytoconstituents such as gallic acid,cinnamic acid and quercetin to the Nrf2-Keap1 complex.It is worth noting that,Crocus sativus L.exhibited a high level of protection against reproductive toxicity caused by CYP in male rats,which was mediated by the activation of Nrf2 pathway,reduction of oxidative damage,and favorable ADMET characteristics.Conclusion:Notably,this research provides a more valid,safe,and effective method of developing new drugs for reproductive disorders,however,further investigation is needed to support the research findings and implement it in clinical practice.展开更多
Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macro...Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.展开更多
Marine microalga Isochrysis galbana is an important feed species with a high nutritional value.Different from other uni-cellular algae,its cell contains two chloroplasts which are the major sites for lipid synthesis.H...Marine microalga Isochrysis galbana is an important feed species with a high nutritional value.Different from other uni-cellular algae,its cell contains two chloroplasts which are the major sites for lipid synthesis.Here,we optimized a chloroplast isola-tion approach suitable for the isolation of I.galbana chloroplasts and determined the purity and integrity of the isolated chloroplasts through microscopic observations and enzyme activity assay.The chloroplast lipids were analyzed with a ultrahigh-performance li-quid chromatography-Q Exactive Orbitrap-mass spectrometry.This newly developed isolation approach is simple and reliable to isolate chloroplasts with high integrity and purity.The average yield of intact chloroplasts was 15.3%±0.1%.Glycolipids and acyl-glycerols were the main chloroplast lipids.Glycolipids accounted for 56.6%of chloroplast lipid.Digalactosyldiacylglycerol(DGDG),monogalactosyldiacylglycerol(MGDG)and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol(SQDG)were the main glyceroglycolipids.The fatty acyl R1/R2 were mostly 18:4/16:1,18:3/16:1 and 18:4/18:5 in DGDGs,14:0/18:4,18:4/18:5,18:4/18:4 and 18:3/18:4 in MGDGs and 16:0/14:0,16:0/18:3,and 18:4/18:3 in SQDGs.In addition,diacylglycerol(DAG)was the most abundant acylglycerols;the content of 22:6/18:4-DAG was the highest.There was a little amount of glycosphingolipid(GSL)in chloroplast.Digalactosylmonoglyceride(DGMG),monogalactosylmonoglyceride(MGMG),sulfoquinovosylmonoacylglycerol(SQMG),monoglyceride(MAG),phospholi-pids(PLs),ceramide(Cer)and betaine lipids were nearly undetectable in chloroplast.The fatty acid proportions of DGDGs,MGDGs,SQDGs,DAGs,triglycerides(TAGs)and GSLs were either higher or lower than or similar to those of whole-cell.Collectively,our isolation approach is applicable to many aspects of chloroplast biology,and may offer a reference for the isolation of chloroplasts from other marine microalgae.展开更多
Objective:To explore the rules of acupoint combination in acupuncture treatment of post-stroke pseudobulbar palsy(PBP),based on acupuncture prescriptions retrieved from literature and using complex network analysis.Me...Objective:To explore the rules of acupoint combination in acupuncture treatment of post-stroke pseudobulbar palsy(PBP),based on acupuncture prescriptions retrieved from literature and using complex network analysis.Methods:The articles were searched from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang and VIP databases as the source of data.The eligible articles were selected in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria.The relevant data were extracted to set up the acupoint prescription database in acupuncture treatment of PBP.By using co-occurrence relationship in acupoint prescriptions,the core acupoints and the combination rules were analyzed in acupuncture treatment of PBP.Results:A total of 194 articles were eligible finally,with 202 acupoint prescriptions extracted.19 core acupoints were collected in total,i.e.Liánquán(廉泉CV23),Fēngchí(风池GB20),Bǎihuì(百会GV20),Jīnjīn(金津EX-HN12),Yùyè(玉液EX-HN13),Fēngfǔ(风府GV16),Yǎmén(哑门GV15),Shuǐgōu(水沟GV26),Nèiguān(内关PC6),Fēnglóng(丰隆ST40),Wángǔ(完骨GB12),Sānyīnjiāo(三阴交SP16),Yìfēng(翳风TE17),Tōnglǐ(通里HT5),Tàichōng(太冲LR3),Hégǔ(合谷LI4),Hǎiquán(海泉EX-HN11),Jùquán(聚泉EX-HN10)and Yìntáng(印堂EX-HN3).The core acupoint groups were CV23-GB20,EX-HN12-EX-HN13 and GV26-PC6-SP6.Acupoints were mostly selected from governor vessel.The methods of acupoint combination included the combination of distal and nearby points,and the combination of the acupoints located in the front and on the back.Conclusions:In treatment of PBP with acupuncture,biaoben(manifestation and root cause)theory is emphasized,the methods for dispelling wind,resolving phlegm,regaining consciousness,and opening orifices are recommended.Moreover,the attentions are paid on spirit regulation,holistic adjustment,and syndrome differentiation in treatment.展开更多
The SKP1 gene is an important component of the SCF(SKP1-Cullin1-F-box)complex and serves as a bridge connecting the F-box and Cullin1genes(F-box-SKP1-Cullin1).The pattern of S-RNase being ubiquitously labelled by the ...The SKP1 gene is an important component of the SCF(SKP1-Cullin1-F-box)complex and serves as a bridge connecting the F-box and Cullin1genes(F-box-SKP1-Cullin1).The pattern of S-RNase being ubiquitously labelled by the SCF complex and degraded by the 26S protease accounts for the bulk of the available self-incompatibility studies.In this study,15 ClSKP1s from the‘Xiangshui'lemon genome and ubiquitome exist in the same SKP1 conserved domain(CD)as SKP1s in other species.The q PCR results showed that SKP1-6 and SKP1-14 have tissue expression patterns specific for expression in pollen.In addition,SKP1-6 and SKP1-14 in the stigma,style and ovary were significantly upregulated after self-pollination compared to those after cross-pollination.A subcellular location showed that SKP1-6 and SKP1-14 were located in the nucleus.In addition,yeast two-hybrid(Y2H)assays,bimolecular fluorescence complementation(BiFC)and luciferase complementation imaging(LCI)assays showed that SKP1-6 interacted with F-box1,F-box33,F-box34,F-box17,F-box19,Cullin1-2 and 26S proteasome subunit 4 homolog A(26S PS4HA).SKP1-14 interacted with F-box17,F-box19,F-box35,Cullin1-2 and 26S PS4HA.The interaction of Cullin1-2 and the F-box with SKP1 as a bridge was verified by a yeast three-hybrid experiment.The ability of S3-RNase to inhibit pollen and pollen tube growth and development was assessed using in vitro pollen co-culture experiments with recombinant S3-RNase proteins.Overall,this study provides important experimental evidence and theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of self-incompatibility in plants by revealing the key role of the SCF complex in‘Xiangshui'lemon,which is bridged by ClSKP1-6,in self-incompatibility.The results of this study are of great significance for the future indepth exploration of the molecular mechanism of the SCF complex and its wide application in the self-incompatibility of plants.展开更多
The contribution of the use of RE(Renewable Energy)sources in general and wind source in particular in the Albanian electricity sector is very important to strengthen national energy security,diversify energy sources ...The contribution of the use of RE(Renewable Energy)sources in general and wind source in particular in the Albanian electricity sector is very important to strengthen national energy security,diversify energy sources and reduce dependence on imports.It also directly affects economic growth,employment and reduces the release of pollutants into the atmosphere,which are contributing to global warming and the greenhouse effect.The purpose of this paper is to assess the theoretical,technical and economic potential of the wind source in the Synej Area,Kavaja Municipality for electricity production in the absence of field measurements.Calculations of all technical,economic and environmental parameters are performed through the RETScreen Expert program.This analysis is sufficient for pre-implementation studies that do not require very detailed calculations and at the same time facilitates decision-making on project implementation.The study area has considerable technical potential for the use of wind energy.In this area,the analyzed project envisages the installation of 7 turbines of the Vesta 110 type,each with a power of 2 MW.The height of the turbines is 85 m.The total amount of electricity produced by this plant is estimated at 24 GWh/year,at a cost of 0.06€/kWh.The total emission reduction for all proposed projects is 477,500 tCO_(2) per year.The project has a positive net present value and a benefit-cost ratio greater than 1.The payback time is 8 years.展开更多
Peripheral nerve injury is a common neurological condition that often leads to severe functional limitations and disabilities.Research on the pathogenesis of peripheral nerve injury has focused on pathological changes...Peripheral nerve injury is a common neurological condition that often leads to severe functional limitations and disabilities.Research on the pathogenesis of peripheral nerve injury has focused on pathological changes at individual injury sites,neglecting multilevel pathological analysis of the overall nervous system and target organs.This has led to restrictions on current therapeutic approaches.In this paper,we first summarize the potential mechanisms of peripheral nerve injury from a holistic perspective,covering the central nervous system,peripheral nervous system,and target organs.After peripheral nerve injury,the cortical plasticity of the brain is altered due to damage to and regeneration of peripheral nerves;changes such as neuronal apoptosis and axonal demyelination occur in the spinal cord.The nerve will undergo axonal regeneration,activation of Schwann cells,inflammatory response,and vascular system regeneration at the injury site.Corresponding damage to target organs can occur,including skeletal muscle atrophy and sensory receptor disruption.We then provide a brief review of the research advances in therapeutic approaches to peripheral nerve injury.The main current treatments are conducted passively and include physical factor rehabilitation,pharmacological treatments,cell-based therapies,and physical exercise.However,most treatments only partially address the problem and cannot complete the systematic recovery of the entire central nervous system-peripheral nervous system-target organ pathway.Therefore,we should further explore multilevel treatment options that produce effective,long-lasting results,perhaps requiring a combination of passive(traditional)and active(novel)treatment methods to stimulate rehabilitation at the central-peripheral-target organ levels to achieve better functional recovery.展开更多
As a means of quantitative interpretation,forward calculations of the global lithospheric magnetic field in the Spherical Harmonic(SH)domain have been widely used to reveal geophysical,lithological,and geothermal vari...As a means of quantitative interpretation,forward calculations of the global lithospheric magnetic field in the Spherical Harmonic(SH)domain have been widely used to reveal geophysical,lithological,and geothermal variations in the lithosphere.Traditional approaches either do not consider the non-axial dipolar terms of the inducing field and its radial variation or do so by means of complicated formulae.Moreover,existing methods treat the magnetic lithosphere either as an infinitesimally thin layer or as a radially uniform spherical shell of constant thickness.Here,we present alternative forward formulae that account for an arbitrarily high maximum degree of the inducing field and for a magnetic lithosphere of variable thickness.Our simulations based on these formulae suggest that the satellite magnetic anomaly field is sensitive to the non-axial dipolar terms of the inducing field but not to its radial variation.Therefore,in forward and inverse calculations of satellite magnetic anomaly data,the non-axial dipolar terms of the inducing field should not be ignored.Furthermore,our results show that the satellite magnetic anomaly field is sensitive to variability in the lateral thickness of the magnetized shell.In particular,we show that for a given vertically integrated susceptibility distribution,underestimating the thickness of the magnetic layer overestimates the induced magnetic field.This discovery bridges the greatest part of the alleged gap between the susceptibility values measured from rock samples and the susceptibility values required to match the observed magnetic field signal.We expect the formulae and conclusions of this study to be a valuable tool for the quantitative interpretation of the Earth's global lithospheric magnetic field,through an inverse or forward modelling approach.展开更多
Because of the challenge of compounding lightweight,high-strength Ti/Al alloys due to their considerable disparity in properties,Al 6063 as intermediate layer was proposed to fabricate TC4/Al 6063/Al 7075 three-layer ...Because of the challenge of compounding lightweight,high-strength Ti/Al alloys due to their considerable disparity in properties,Al 6063 as intermediate layer was proposed to fabricate TC4/Al 6063/Al 7075 three-layer composite plate by explosive welding.The microscopic properties of each bonding interface were elucidated through field emission scanning electron microscope and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD).A methodology combining finite element method-smoothed particle hydrodynamics(FEM-SPH)and molecular dynamics(MD)was proposed for the analysis of the forming and evolution characteristics of explosive welding interfaces at multi-scale.The results demonstrate that the bonding interface morphologies of TC4/Al 6063 and Al 6063/Al 7075 exhibit a flat and wavy configuration,without discernible defects or cracks.The phenomenon of grain refinement is observed in the vicinity of the two bonding interfaces.Furthermore,the degree of plastic deformation of TC4 and Al 7075 is more pronounced than that of Al 6063 in the intermediate layer.The interface morphology characteristics obtained by FEM-SPH simulation exhibit a high degree of similarity to the experimental results.MD simulations reveal that the diffusion of interfacial elements predominantly occurs during the unloading phase,and the simulated thickness of interfacial diffusion aligns well with experimental outcomes.The introduction of intermediate layer in the explosive welding process can effectively produce high-quality titanium/aluminum alloy composite plates.Furthermore,this approach offers a multi-scale simulation strategy for the study of explosive welding bonding interfaces.展开更多
Joint Multimodal Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis(JMASA)is a significant task in the research of multimodal fine-grained sentiment analysis,which combines two subtasks:Multimodal Aspect Term Extraction(MATE)and Multimo...Joint Multimodal Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis(JMASA)is a significant task in the research of multimodal fine-grained sentiment analysis,which combines two subtasks:Multimodal Aspect Term Extraction(MATE)and Multimodal Aspect-oriented Sentiment Classification(MASC).Currently,most existing models for JMASA only perform text and image feature encoding from a basic level,but often neglect the in-depth analysis of unimodal intrinsic features,which may lead to the low accuracy of aspect term extraction and the poor ability of sentiment prediction due to the insufficient learning of intra-modal features.Given this problem,we propose a Text-Image Feature Fine-grained Learning(TIFFL)model for JMASA.First,we construct an enhanced adjacency matrix of word dependencies and adopt graph convolutional network to learn the syntactic structure features for text,which addresses the context interference problem of identifying different aspect terms.Then,the adjective-noun pairs extracted from image are introduced to enable the semantic representation of visual features more intuitive,which addresses the ambiguous semantic extraction problem during image feature learning.Thereby,the model performance of aspect term extraction and sentiment polarity prediction can be further optimized and enhanced.Experiments on two Twitter benchmark datasets demonstrate that TIFFL achieves competitive results for JMASA,MATE and MASC,thus validating the effectiveness of our proposed methods.展开更多
Landfill is a common solution for the final disposal of MSW(Municipal Solid Waste)in Albania.Landfill sitting is an extremely difficult task to accomplish because the site selection process depends on different factor...Landfill is a common solution for the final disposal of MSW(Municipal Solid Waste)in Albania.Landfill sitting is an extremely difficult task to accomplish because the site selection process depends on different factors and regulations.To ensure that an appropriate site is chosen,a systematic process should be developed and followed.In this study,10 candidate sites for an appropriate landfill area in Dibra Region are determined by using the MCE(Multi-criteria Evaluation).From the application of the exclusion criteria provided in the study methodology,it was able to find the best three alternatives.The statistical processing for the determination of the best place was accomplished through MCA(Multi-criteria Analysis)and Environmental Management,for three scenarios with different weights of criteria.The application of this method has led to the identification of the most suitable site for the construction of sanitary landfill in the Dibra Region.展开更多
The growth trajectory of hailstones within clouds has remained elusive due to the inability to trace them directly,impeding the comprehension of their underlying growth mechanisms.This study investigated hailstone ver...The growth trajectory of hailstones within clouds has remained elusive due to the inability to trace them directly,impeding the comprehension of their underlying growth mechanisms.This study investigated hailstone vertical growth trajectories by detecting the stable isotope signatures(2H and 18O compositions)of different shells in 27 hailstones from 9hailstorms,which allowed us to capture the ambient temperature during hailstone growth.The vertical growth trajectories were obtained by comparing the isotopic compositions of water condensate in clouds,derived from the Adiabatic Model,with those measured in hailstones.Although hailstone growth was primarily observed in the–10°C to–30°C temperature layer,the embryo formation height and subsequent growth trajectories significantly varied among hailstones.Embryos formed over a wide range of temperatures(–8.7°C to–33.4°C);four originated at temperatures above–15°C and 16originated at temperatures below–20°C,suggesting ice nuclei composed of bioproteins and mineral dust,respectively.Among the 27 measured hailstones,3 exhibited minimal vertical movement,16 exhibited a monotonic rise or fall,and the remaining 8 exhibited alternating up-down trajectories;only one experienced“recycling”during up-down drifting.Trajectory analysis revealed that similar-sized hailstones from a single storm tended to form at similar heights,whereas those larger than 25 mm in diameter exhibited at least one period of upward growth.Vertical trajectories derived from isotopic analysis were corroborated by radar hydrometeor observations.展开更多
Background China is seeing a growing demand for rehabilitation treatments for post-stroke upper limb spastic paresis(PSSP-UL).Although acupuncture is known to be effective for PSSP-UL,there is room to enhance its effi...Background China is seeing a growing demand for rehabilitation treatments for post-stroke upper limb spastic paresis(PSSP-UL).Although acupuncture is known to be effective for PSSP-UL,there is room to enhance its efficacy.Objective This study explored a semi-personalized acupuncture approach for PSSP-UL that used three-dimensional kinematic analysis(3DKA)results to select additional acupoints,and investigated the feasibility,efficacy and safety of this approach.Design,setting,participants and interventions This single-blind,single-center,randomized,controlled trial involved 74 participants who experienced a first-ever ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke with spastic upper limb paresis.The participants were then randomly assigned to the intervention group or the control group in a 1:1 ratio.Both groups received conventional treatments and acupuncture treatment 5 days a week for 4 weeks.The main acupoints in both groups were the same,while participants in the intervention group received additional acupoints selected on the basis of 3DKA results.Follow-up assessments were conducted for 8 weeks after the treatment.Main outcome measures The primary outcome was the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity(FMA-UE)response rate(≥6-point change)at week 4.Secondary outcomes included changes in motor function(FMA-UE),Brunnstrom recovery stage(BRS),manual muscle test(MMT),spasticity(Modified Ashworth Scale,MAS),and activities of daily life(Modified Barthel Index,MBI)at week 4 and week 12.Results Sixty-four participants completed the trial and underwent analyses.Compared with control group,the intervention group exhibited a significantly higher FMA-UE response rate at week 4(χ^(2)=5.479,P=0.019)and greater improvements in FMA-UE at both week 4 and week 12(both P<0.001).The intervention group also showed bigger improvements from baseline in the MMT grades for shoulder adduction and elbow flexion at weeks 4 and 12 as well as thumb adduction at week 4(P=0.007,P=0.049,P=0.019,P=0.008,P=0.029,respectively).The intervention group showed a better change in the MBI at both week 4 and week 12(P=0.004 and P=0.010,respectively).Although the intervention group had a higher BRS for the hand at week 12(P=0.041),no intergroup differences were observed at week 4(all P>0.05).The two groups showed no differences in MAS grades as well as in BRS for the arm at weeks 4 and 12(all P>0.05).Conclusion Semi-personalized acupuncture prescription based on 3DKA results significantly improved motor function,muscle strength,and activities of daily living in patients with PSSP-UL.展开更多
The high-temperature dissolution behavior of primary carbides in samples taken from GCr15 continuous-casting bloom was observed in-situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy.Equations were fitted to the dissolution ki...The high-temperature dissolution behavior of primary carbides in samples taken from GCr15 continuous-casting bloom was observed in-situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy.Equations were fitted to the dissolution kinetics of primary carbides during either heating or soaking.Dissolution of carbides proceeded in three stages(fast→slow→faster)as either temperature or holding time was increased.During the heating process and during the first and third stages of the soaking process,the original size of the carbides determined the steepness of the slope,but during the middle(“slow”)stage of the soaking process,the slope remained zero.The initial size of the carbides varied greatly,but their final dissolution temperature fell within the narrow range of 1210-1235℃,and the holding time remained within 50 min.Fractal analysis was used to study the morphological characteristics of small and medium-sized carbides during the dissolution process.According to changes in the fractal dimension before and after soaking,the carbides tended to evolve towards a more regular morphology.展开更多
The seismic data of the Laoshan Uplift in the South Yellow Sea Basin reveal a low signal-tonoise ratio and low refl ection signal energy in the deep Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata.The main reason is that the Mesozoic-Pale...The seismic data of the Laoshan Uplift in the South Yellow Sea Basin reveal a low signal-tonoise ratio and low refl ection signal energy in the deep Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata.The main reason is that the Mesozoic-Paleozoic marine carbonate rock strata are directly covered by the Cenozoic terrestrial clastic rock strata,which form a strong shielding layer.To obtain the reflection signals of the strata below the strong shielding layer,a one-way wave equation bidirectional illumination analysis of the main observation system parameters was conducted by analyzing the mechanism of the strong shielding layer.Low-frequency seismic sources are assumed to have a high illumination intensity on the reflection layer below the strong shielding layer.Accordingly,optimized acquisition parameter suggestions were proposed,and reacquisition was performed at the existing survey line locations in the Laoshan Uplift area.The imaging of the newly acquired data in the middle and deep layers was drastically improved.It revealed the unconformity between the Sinian and Cambrian under the strong shielding layer.The study yielded new insights into the tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the Lower Paleozoic in the South Yellow Sea.展开更多
Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emp...Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emphasis on structural durability and monitoring is required.This study focuses on the mechanical vibrations that occur in rotary drilling systems,which have a substantial impact on the structural integrity of drilling equipment.The study specifically investigates axial,torsional,and lateral vibrations,which might lead to negative consequences such as bit-bounce,chaotic whirling,and high-frequency stick-slip.These events not only hinder the efficiency of drilling but also lead to exhaustion and harm to the system’s components since they are difficult to be detected and controlled in real time.The study investigates the dynamic interactions of these vibrations,specifically in their high-frequency modes,usingfield data obtained from measurement while drilling.Thefindings have demonstrated the effect of strong coupling between the high-frequency modes of these vibrations on drilling sys-tem performance.The obtained results highlight the importance of considering the interconnected impacts of these vibrations when designing and implementing robust control systems.Therefore,integrating these compo-nents can increase the durability of drill bits and drill strings,as well as improve the ability to monitor and detect damage.Moreover,by exploiting thesefindings,the assessment of structural resilience in rotary drilling systems can be enhanced.Furthermore,the study demonstrates the capacity of structural health monitoring to improve the quality,dependability,and efficiency of rotary drilling systems in the petroleum industry.展开更多
Biomedical big data,characterized by its massive scale,multi-dimensionality,and heterogeneity,offers novel perspectives for disease research,elucidates biological principles,and simultaneously prompts changes in relat...Biomedical big data,characterized by its massive scale,multi-dimensionality,and heterogeneity,offers novel perspectives for disease research,elucidates biological principles,and simultaneously prompts changes in related research methodologies.Biomedical ontology,as a shared formal conceptual system,not only offers standardized terms for multi-source biomedical data but also provides a solid data foundation and framework for biomedical research.In this review,we summarize enrichment analysis and deep learning for biomedical ontology based on its structure and semantic annotation properties,highlighting how technological advancements are enabling the more comprehensive use of ontology information.Enrichment analysis represents an important application of ontology to elucidate the potential biological significance for a particular molecular list.Deep learning,on the other hand,represents an increasingly powerful analytical tool that can be more widely combined with ontology for analysis and prediction.With the continuous evolution of big data technologies,the integration of these technologies with biomedical ontologies is opening up exciting new possibilities for advancing biomedical research.展开更多
The investigations of physical attributes of oceans,including parameters such as heat flow and bathymetry,have garnered substantial attention and are particularly valuable for examining Earth’s thermal structures and...The investigations of physical attributes of oceans,including parameters such as heat flow and bathymetry,have garnered substantial attention and are particularly valuable for examining Earth’s thermal structures and dynamic processes.Nevertheless,classical plate cooling models exhibit disparities when predicting observed heat flow and seafloor depth for extremely young and old lithospheres.Furthermore,a comprehensive analysis of global heat flow predictions and regional ocean heat flow or bathymetry data with physical models has been lacking.In this study,we employed power-law models derived from the singularity theory of fractal density to meticulously fit the latest ocean heat flow and bathymetry.Notably,power-law models offer distinct advantages over traditional plate cooling models,showcasing robust self-similarity,scale invariance,or scaling properties,and providing a better fit to observed data.The outcomes of our singularity analysis concerning heat flow and bathymetry across diverse oceanic regions exhibit a degree of consistency with the global ocean spreading rate model.In addition,we applied the similarity method to predict a higher resolution(0.1°×0.1°)global heat flow map based on the most recent heat flow data and geological/geophysical observables refined through linear correlation analysis.Regions displaying significant disparities between predicted and observed heat flow are closely linked to hydrothermal vent fields and active structures.Finally,combining the actual bathymetry and predicted heat flow with the power-law models allows for the quantitative and comprehensive detection of anomalous regions of ocean subsidence and heat flow,which deviate from traditional plate cooling models.The anomalous regions of subsidence and heat flow show different degrees of anisotropy,providing new ideas and clues for further analysis of ocean topography or hydrothermal circulation of mid-ocean ridges.展开更多
Purpose–The brake pipe system was an essential braking component of the railway freight trains,but the existing E-type sealing rings had problems such as insufficient low-temperature resistance,poor heat stability an...Purpose–The brake pipe system was an essential braking component of the railway freight trains,but the existing E-type sealing rings had problems such as insufficient low-temperature resistance,poor heat stability and short service life.To address these issues,low-phenyl silicone rubber was prepared and tested,and the finite element analysis and experimental studies on the sealing performance of its sealing rings were carried out.Design/methodology/approach–The low-temperature resistance and thermal stability of the prepared lowphenyl silicone rubber were studied using low-temperature tensile testing,differential scanning calorimetry,dynamic thermomechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis.The sealing performance of the lowphenyl silicone rubber sealing ring was studied by using finite element analysis software abaqus and experiments.Findings–The prepared low-phenyl silicone rubber sealing ring possessed excellent low-temperature resistance and thermal stability.According to the finite element analysis results,the finish of the flange sealing surface and groove outer edge should be ensured,and extrusion damage should be avoided.The sealing rings were more susceptible to damage in high compression ratio and/or low-temperature environments.When the sealing effect was ensured,a small compression ratio should be selected,and rubbers with hardness and elasticity less affected by temperature should be selected.The prepared low-phenyl silicone rubber sealing ring had zero leakage at both room temperature(RT)and�508C.Originality/value–The innovation of this study is that it provides valuable data and experience for the future development of the sealing rings used in the brake pipe flange joints of the railway freight cars in China.展开更多
文摘Background:Epidemiological studies have confirmed that longer exposure to insecticides like cypermethrin(CYP)significantly increases the risk of male reproductive toxicity.Crocus sativus L.has been recognized due to its therapeutic properties,but its exact role and molecular mechanisms in treatment of reproductive dysfunction remain unclear.Methods:During this study,36 rats were randomly divided into six groups(n=6):control,CYP-induced(60 mg/kg),standard(leuprolide 3 mg/kg)and three treatment groups receiving aqueous,ethanolic,and oil extracts(50 mg/kg or 20 mL/kg)for post-toxicity induction.Results:The finding represented that exposure of CYP significantly increased oxidative stress,disrupted testicular architecture,and markedly reduced testosterone levels(P<0.05).Importantly,Crocus sativus L.treatment alleviated these changes by increasing the expression of Nrf2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2),restoring the activity of antioxidant enzymes,and enhancing testicular histomorphology.Surprisingly,molecular docking established a high binding affinity of Crocus sativus L.phytoconstituents such as gallic acid,cinnamic acid and quercetin to the Nrf2-Keap1 complex.It is worth noting that,Crocus sativus L.exhibited a high level of protection against reproductive toxicity caused by CYP in male rats,which was mediated by the activation of Nrf2 pathway,reduction of oxidative damage,and favorable ADMET characteristics.Conclusion:Notably,this research provides a more valid,safe,and effective method of developing new drugs for reproductive disorders,however,further investigation is needed to support the research findings and implement it in clinical practice.
基金supported by Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline ProjectThe Intramural Research Program of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,No. 4910Qingdao West Coast New Area Science and Technology Project,No. 2020-55 (all to SW)。
文摘Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.
基金supported by the Ningbo Science and Technology Research Projects(No.2019B10006)the Na-tional Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFD0900400)+3 种基金the Zhejiang Major Science Pro-ject(No.2019C02057)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA,the Natural Science Founda-tion of Ningbo(No.2019A610416)the Ningbo Science and Technology Research Projects(No.2019C10023)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31801724).
文摘Marine microalga Isochrysis galbana is an important feed species with a high nutritional value.Different from other uni-cellular algae,its cell contains two chloroplasts which are the major sites for lipid synthesis.Here,we optimized a chloroplast isola-tion approach suitable for the isolation of I.galbana chloroplasts and determined the purity and integrity of the isolated chloroplasts through microscopic observations and enzyme activity assay.The chloroplast lipids were analyzed with a ultrahigh-performance li-quid chromatography-Q Exactive Orbitrap-mass spectrometry.This newly developed isolation approach is simple and reliable to isolate chloroplasts with high integrity and purity.The average yield of intact chloroplasts was 15.3%±0.1%.Glycolipids and acyl-glycerols were the main chloroplast lipids.Glycolipids accounted for 56.6%of chloroplast lipid.Digalactosyldiacylglycerol(DGDG),monogalactosyldiacylglycerol(MGDG)and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol(SQDG)were the main glyceroglycolipids.The fatty acyl R1/R2 were mostly 18:4/16:1,18:3/16:1 and 18:4/18:5 in DGDGs,14:0/18:4,18:4/18:5,18:4/18:4 and 18:3/18:4 in MGDGs and 16:0/14:0,16:0/18:3,and 18:4/18:3 in SQDGs.In addition,diacylglycerol(DAG)was the most abundant acylglycerols;the content of 22:6/18:4-DAG was the highest.There was a little amount of glycosphingolipid(GSL)in chloroplast.Digalactosylmonoglyceride(DGMG),monogalactosylmonoglyceride(MGMG),sulfoquinovosylmonoacylglycerol(SQMG),monoglyceride(MAG),phospholi-pids(PLs),ceramide(Cer)and betaine lipids were nearly undetectable in chloroplast.The fatty acid proportions of DGDGs,MGDGs,SQDGs,DAGs,triglycerides(TAGs)and GSLs were either higher or lower than or similar to those of whole-cell.Collectively,our isolation approach is applicable to many aspects of chloroplast biology,and may offer a reference for the isolation of chloroplasts from other marine microalgae.
基金Supported by Qilu Chinese Medicine Academic Heritage Project:[2020]No.132。
文摘Objective:To explore the rules of acupoint combination in acupuncture treatment of post-stroke pseudobulbar palsy(PBP),based on acupuncture prescriptions retrieved from literature and using complex network analysis.Methods:The articles were searched from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang and VIP databases as the source of data.The eligible articles were selected in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria.The relevant data were extracted to set up the acupoint prescription database in acupuncture treatment of PBP.By using co-occurrence relationship in acupoint prescriptions,the core acupoints and the combination rules were analyzed in acupuncture treatment of PBP.Results:A total of 194 articles were eligible finally,with 202 acupoint prescriptions extracted.19 core acupoints were collected in total,i.e.Liánquán(廉泉CV23),Fēngchí(风池GB20),Bǎihuì(百会GV20),Jīnjīn(金津EX-HN12),Yùyè(玉液EX-HN13),Fēngfǔ(风府GV16),Yǎmén(哑门GV15),Shuǐgōu(水沟GV26),Nèiguān(内关PC6),Fēnglóng(丰隆ST40),Wángǔ(完骨GB12),Sānyīnjiāo(三阴交SP16),Yìfēng(翳风TE17),Tōnglǐ(通里HT5),Tàichōng(太冲LR3),Hégǔ(合谷LI4),Hǎiquán(海泉EX-HN11),Jùquán(聚泉EX-HN10)and Yìntáng(印堂EX-HN3).The core acupoint groups were CV23-GB20,EX-HN12-EX-HN13 and GV26-PC6-SP6.Acupoints were mostly selected from governor vessel.The methods of acupoint combination included the combination of distal and nearby points,and the combination of the acupoints located in the front and on the back.Conclusions:In treatment of PBP with acupuncture,biaoben(manifestation and root cause)theory is emphasized,the methods for dispelling wind,resolving phlegm,regaining consciousness,and opening orifices are recommended.Moreover,the attentions are paid on spirit regulation,holistic adjustment,and syndrome differentiation in treatment.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31960585)Science and Technology Major Project of Guangxi(Grant No.Guike AA22068092)+1 种基金Guangxi Science and Technology Vanguard Special Action Project(Grant No.202204)State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources(Grant Nos.SKLCUSA-a201906,SKLCU-SA-c201901)。
文摘The SKP1 gene is an important component of the SCF(SKP1-Cullin1-F-box)complex and serves as a bridge connecting the F-box and Cullin1genes(F-box-SKP1-Cullin1).The pattern of S-RNase being ubiquitously labelled by the SCF complex and degraded by the 26S protease accounts for the bulk of the available self-incompatibility studies.In this study,15 ClSKP1s from the‘Xiangshui'lemon genome and ubiquitome exist in the same SKP1 conserved domain(CD)as SKP1s in other species.The q PCR results showed that SKP1-6 and SKP1-14 have tissue expression patterns specific for expression in pollen.In addition,SKP1-6 and SKP1-14 in the stigma,style and ovary were significantly upregulated after self-pollination compared to those after cross-pollination.A subcellular location showed that SKP1-6 and SKP1-14 were located in the nucleus.In addition,yeast two-hybrid(Y2H)assays,bimolecular fluorescence complementation(BiFC)and luciferase complementation imaging(LCI)assays showed that SKP1-6 interacted with F-box1,F-box33,F-box34,F-box17,F-box19,Cullin1-2 and 26S proteasome subunit 4 homolog A(26S PS4HA).SKP1-14 interacted with F-box17,F-box19,F-box35,Cullin1-2 and 26S PS4HA.The interaction of Cullin1-2 and the F-box with SKP1 as a bridge was verified by a yeast three-hybrid experiment.The ability of S3-RNase to inhibit pollen and pollen tube growth and development was assessed using in vitro pollen co-culture experiments with recombinant S3-RNase proteins.Overall,this study provides important experimental evidence and theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of self-incompatibility in plants by revealing the key role of the SCF complex in‘Xiangshui'lemon,which is bridged by ClSKP1-6,in self-incompatibility.The results of this study are of great significance for the future indepth exploration of the molecular mechanism of the SCF complex and its wide application in the self-incompatibility of plants.
文摘The contribution of the use of RE(Renewable Energy)sources in general and wind source in particular in the Albanian electricity sector is very important to strengthen national energy security,diversify energy sources and reduce dependence on imports.It also directly affects economic growth,employment and reduces the release of pollutants into the atmosphere,which are contributing to global warming and the greenhouse effect.The purpose of this paper is to assess the theoretical,technical and economic potential of the wind source in the Synej Area,Kavaja Municipality for electricity production in the absence of field measurements.Calculations of all technical,economic and environmental parameters are performed through the RETScreen Expert program.This analysis is sufficient for pre-implementation studies that do not require very detailed calculations and at the same time facilitates decision-making on project implementation.The study area has considerable technical potential for the use of wind energy.In this area,the analyzed project envisages the installation of 7 turbines of the Vesta 110 type,each with a power of 2 MW.The height of the turbines is 85 m.The total amount of electricity produced by this plant is estimated at 24 GWh/year,at a cost of 0.06€/kWh.The total emission reduction for all proposed projects is 477,500 tCO_(2) per year.The project has a positive net present value and a benefit-cost ratio greater than 1.The payback time is 8 years.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(General Program),Nos.23JCYBJC01390(to RL),22JCYBJC00220(to XC),and 22JCYBJC00210(to QL).
文摘Peripheral nerve injury is a common neurological condition that often leads to severe functional limitations and disabilities.Research on the pathogenesis of peripheral nerve injury has focused on pathological changes at individual injury sites,neglecting multilevel pathological analysis of the overall nervous system and target organs.This has led to restrictions on current therapeutic approaches.In this paper,we first summarize the potential mechanisms of peripheral nerve injury from a holistic perspective,covering the central nervous system,peripheral nervous system,and target organs.After peripheral nerve injury,the cortical plasticity of the brain is altered due to damage to and regeneration of peripheral nerves;changes such as neuronal apoptosis and axonal demyelination occur in the spinal cord.The nerve will undergo axonal regeneration,activation of Schwann cells,inflammatory response,and vascular system regeneration at the injury site.Corresponding damage to target organs can occur,including skeletal muscle atrophy and sensory receptor disruption.We then provide a brief review of the research advances in therapeutic approaches to peripheral nerve injury.The main current treatments are conducted passively and include physical factor rehabilitation,pharmacological treatments,cell-based therapies,and physical exercise.However,most treatments only partially address the problem and cannot complete the systematic recovery of the entire central nervous system-peripheral nervous system-target organ pathway.Therefore,we should further explore multilevel treatment options that produce effective,long-lasting results,perhaps requiring a combination of passive(traditional)and active(novel)treatment methods to stimulate rehabilitation at the central-peripheral-target organ levels to achieve better functional recovery.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42250103 and 42174090)the Opening Fund of Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education(Grant No.GLAB2023ZR02)the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST)Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources(Grant No.MSFGPMR2022-4)。
文摘As a means of quantitative interpretation,forward calculations of the global lithospheric magnetic field in the Spherical Harmonic(SH)domain have been widely used to reveal geophysical,lithological,and geothermal variations in the lithosphere.Traditional approaches either do not consider the non-axial dipolar terms of the inducing field and its radial variation or do so by means of complicated formulae.Moreover,existing methods treat the magnetic lithosphere either as an infinitesimally thin layer or as a radially uniform spherical shell of constant thickness.Here,we present alternative forward formulae that account for an arbitrarily high maximum degree of the inducing field and for a magnetic lithosphere of variable thickness.Our simulations based on these formulae suggest that the satellite magnetic anomaly field is sensitive to the non-axial dipolar terms of the inducing field but not to its radial variation.Therefore,in forward and inverse calculations of satellite magnetic anomaly data,the non-axial dipolar terms of the inducing field should not be ignored.Furthermore,our results show that the satellite magnetic anomaly field is sensitive to variability in the lateral thickness of the magnetized shell.In particular,we show that for a given vertically integrated susceptibility distribution,underestimating the thickness of the magnetic layer overestimates the induced magnetic field.This discovery bridges the greatest part of the alleged gap between the susceptibility values measured from rock samples and the susceptibility values required to match the observed magnetic field signal.We expect the formulae and conclusions of this study to be a valuable tool for the quantitative interpretation of the Earth's global lithospheric magnetic field,through an inverse or forward modelling approach.
基金Opening Foundation of Key Laboratory of Explosive Energy Utilization and Control,Anhui Province(BP20240104)Graduate Innovation Program of China University of Mining and Technology(2024WLJCRCZL049)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX24_2701)。
文摘Because of the challenge of compounding lightweight,high-strength Ti/Al alloys due to their considerable disparity in properties,Al 6063 as intermediate layer was proposed to fabricate TC4/Al 6063/Al 7075 three-layer composite plate by explosive welding.The microscopic properties of each bonding interface were elucidated through field emission scanning electron microscope and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD).A methodology combining finite element method-smoothed particle hydrodynamics(FEM-SPH)and molecular dynamics(MD)was proposed for the analysis of the forming and evolution characteristics of explosive welding interfaces at multi-scale.The results demonstrate that the bonding interface morphologies of TC4/Al 6063 and Al 6063/Al 7075 exhibit a flat and wavy configuration,without discernible defects or cracks.The phenomenon of grain refinement is observed in the vicinity of the two bonding interfaces.Furthermore,the degree of plastic deformation of TC4 and Al 7075 is more pronounced than that of Al 6063 in the intermediate layer.The interface morphology characteristics obtained by FEM-SPH simulation exhibit a high degree of similarity to the experimental results.MD simulations reveal that the diffusion of interfacial elements predominantly occurs during the unloading phase,and the simulated thickness of interfacial diffusion aligns well with experimental outcomes.The introduction of intermediate layer in the explosive welding process can effectively produce high-quality titanium/aluminum alloy composite plates.Furthermore,this approach offers a multi-scale simulation strategy for the study of explosive welding bonding interfaces.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of Henan Province(No.222102210081).
文摘Joint Multimodal Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis(JMASA)is a significant task in the research of multimodal fine-grained sentiment analysis,which combines two subtasks:Multimodal Aspect Term Extraction(MATE)and Multimodal Aspect-oriented Sentiment Classification(MASC).Currently,most existing models for JMASA only perform text and image feature encoding from a basic level,but often neglect the in-depth analysis of unimodal intrinsic features,which may lead to the low accuracy of aspect term extraction and the poor ability of sentiment prediction due to the insufficient learning of intra-modal features.Given this problem,we propose a Text-Image Feature Fine-grained Learning(TIFFL)model for JMASA.First,we construct an enhanced adjacency matrix of word dependencies and adopt graph convolutional network to learn the syntactic structure features for text,which addresses the context interference problem of identifying different aspect terms.Then,the adjective-noun pairs extracted from image are introduced to enable the semantic representation of visual features more intuitive,which addresses the ambiguous semantic extraction problem during image feature learning.Thereby,the model performance of aspect term extraction and sentiment polarity prediction can be further optimized and enhanced.Experiments on two Twitter benchmark datasets demonstrate that TIFFL achieves competitive results for JMASA,MATE and MASC,thus validating the effectiveness of our proposed methods.
文摘Landfill is a common solution for the final disposal of MSW(Municipal Solid Waste)in Albania.Landfill sitting is an extremely difficult task to accomplish because the site selection process depends on different factors and regulations.To ensure that an appropriate site is chosen,a systematic process should be developed and followed.In this study,10 candidate sites for an appropriate landfill area in Dibra Region are determined by using the MCE(Multi-criteria Evaluation).From the application of the exclusion criteria provided in the study methodology,it was able to find the best three alternatives.The statistical processing for the determination of the best place was accomplished through MCA(Multi-criteria Analysis)and Environmental Management,for three scenarios with different weights of criteria.The application of this method has led to the identification of the most suitable site for the construction of sanitary landfill in the Dibra Region.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42030607)the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Grant No.Z251100004525005)the National Science Foundation/National Center for Atmospheric Research,and NASA(Grant No.80NSSC22M0129)。
文摘The growth trajectory of hailstones within clouds has remained elusive due to the inability to trace them directly,impeding the comprehension of their underlying growth mechanisms.This study investigated hailstone vertical growth trajectories by detecting the stable isotope signatures(2H and 18O compositions)of different shells in 27 hailstones from 9hailstorms,which allowed us to capture the ambient temperature during hailstone growth.The vertical growth trajectories were obtained by comparing the isotopic compositions of water condensate in clouds,derived from the Adiabatic Model,with those measured in hailstones.Although hailstone growth was primarily observed in the–10°C to–30°C temperature layer,the embryo formation height and subsequent growth trajectories significantly varied among hailstones.Embryos formed over a wide range of temperatures(–8.7°C to–33.4°C);four originated at temperatures above–15°C and 16originated at temperatures below–20°C,suggesting ice nuclei composed of bioproteins and mineral dust,respectively.Among the 27 measured hailstones,3 exhibited minimal vertical movement,16 exhibited a monotonic rise or fall,and the remaining 8 exhibited alternating up-down trajectories;only one experienced“recycling”during up-down drifting.Trajectory analysis revealed that similar-sized hailstones from a single storm tended to form at similar heights,whereas those larger than 25 mm in diameter exhibited at least one period of upward growth.Vertical trajectories derived from isotopic analysis were corroborated by radar hydrometeor observations.
基金funded by Science Foundation for Youth supported by Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(No.20204Y0313)Sailing Program with the support of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.21YF1443800).
文摘Background China is seeing a growing demand for rehabilitation treatments for post-stroke upper limb spastic paresis(PSSP-UL).Although acupuncture is known to be effective for PSSP-UL,there is room to enhance its efficacy.Objective This study explored a semi-personalized acupuncture approach for PSSP-UL that used three-dimensional kinematic analysis(3DKA)results to select additional acupoints,and investigated the feasibility,efficacy and safety of this approach.Design,setting,participants and interventions This single-blind,single-center,randomized,controlled trial involved 74 participants who experienced a first-ever ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke with spastic upper limb paresis.The participants were then randomly assigned to the intervention group or the control group in a 1:1 ratio.Both groups received conventional treatments and acupuncture treatment 5 days a week for 4 weeks.The main acupoints in both groups were the same,while participants in the intervention group received additional acupoints selected on the basis of 3DKA results.Follow-up assessments were conducted for 8 weeks after the treatment.Main outcome measures The primary outcome was the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity(FMA-UE)response rate(≥6-point change)at week 4.Secondary outcomes included changes in motor function(FMA-UE),Brunnstrom recovery stage(BRS),manual muscle test(MMT),spasticity(Modified Ashworth Scale,MAS),and activities of daily life(Modified Barthel Index,MBI)at week 4 and week 12.Results Sixty-four participants completed the trial and underwent analyses.Compared with control group,the intervention group exhibited a significantly higher FMA-UE response rate at week 4(χ^(2)=5.479,P=0.019)and greater improvements in FMA-UE at both week 4 and week 12(both P<0.001).The intervention group also showed bigger improvements from baseline in the MMT grades for shoulder adduction and elbow flexion at weeks 4 and 12 as well as thumb adduction at week 4(P=0.007,P=0.049,P=0.019,P=0.008,P=0.029,respectively).The intervention group showed a better change in the MBI at both week 4 and week 12(P=0.004 and P=0.010,respectively).Although the intervention group had a higher BRS for the hand at week 12(P=0.041),no intergroup differences were observed at week 4(all P>0.05).The two groups showed no differences in MAS grades as well as in BRS for the arm at weeks 4 and 12(all P>0.05).Conclusion Semi-personalized acupuncture prescription based on 3DKA results significantly improved motor function,muscle strength,and activities of daily living in patients with PSSP-UL.
基金supported by Independent Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy,Shanghai University(SKLASS-2023-Z13)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.19DZ2270200)+1 种基金A portion of the work was performed at US National High Magnetic Field Laboratory,which is supported by the National Science Foundation(Cooperative Agreement No.DMR-1157490 and DMR-1644779)the State of Florida.Thanks also to Mary Tyler for editing.
文摘The high-temperature dissolution behavior of primary carbides in samples taken from GCr15 continuous-casting bloom was observed in-situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy.Equations were fitted to the dissolution kinetics of primary carbides during either heating or soaking.Dissolution of carbides proceeded in three stages(fast→slow→faster)as either temperature or holding time was increased.During the heating process and during the first and third stages of the soaking process,the original size of the carbides determined the steepness of the slope,but during the middle(“slow”)stage of the soaking process,the slope remained zero.The initial size of the carbides varied greatly,but their final dissolution temperature fell within the narrow range of 1210-1235℃,and the holding time remained within 50 min.Fractal analysis was used to study the morphological characteristics of small and medium-sized carbides during the dissolution process.According to changes in the fractal dimension before and after soaking,the carbides tended to evolve towards a more regular morphology.
基金“High precision prestack reverse time depth migration imaging of long array seismic data in the East China Sea Shelf Basin”of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42106207)“Seismic acquisition technology for deep strata under strong shielding layers in the sea and rugged seabed”of Laoshan Laboratory Science and Technology Innovation Project(No.LSKJ202203404)“Research on the compensation methods of the middledeep weak seismic reflections in the South Yellow Sea based on multi-resolution HHT time-frequency analysis”of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42106208).
文摘The seismic data of the Laoshan Uplift in the South Yellow Sea Basin reveal a low signal-tonoise ratio and low refl ection signal energy in the deep Mesozoic–Paleozoic strata.The main reason is that the Mesozoic-Paleozoic marine carbonate rock strata are directly covered by the Cenozoic terrestrial clastic rock strata,which form a strong shielding layer.To obtain the reflection signals of the strata below the strong shielding layer,a one-way wave equation bidirectional illumination analysis of the main observation system parameters was conducted by analyzing the mechanism of the strong shielding layer.Low-frequency seismic sources are assumed to have a high illumination intensity on the reflection layer below the strong shielding layer.Accordingly,optimized acquisition parameter suggestions were proposed,and reacquisition was performed at the existing survey line locations in the Laoshan Uplift area.The imaging of the newly acquired data in the middle and deep layers was drastically improved.It revealed the unconformity between the Sinian and Cambrian under the strong shielding layer.The study yielded new insights into the tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the Lower Paleozoic in the South Yellow Sea.
文摘Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emphasis on structural durability and monitoring is required.This study focuses on the mechanical vibrations that occur in rotary drilling systems,which have a substantial impact on the structural integrity of drilling equipment.The study specifically investigates axial,torsional,and lateral vibrations,which might lead to negative consequences such as bit-bounce,chaotic whirling,and high-frequency stick-slip.These events not only hinder the efficiency of drilling but also lead to exhaustion and harm to the system’s components since they are difficult to be detected and controlled in real time.The study investigates the dynamic interactions of these vibrations,specifically in their high-frequency modes,usingfield data obtained from measurement while drilling.Thefindings have demonstrated the effect of strong coupling between the high-frequency modes of these vibrations on drilling sys-tem performance.The obtained results highlight the importance of considering the interconnected impacts of these vibrations when designing and implementing robust control systems.Therefore,integrating these compo-nents can increase the durability of drill bits and drill strings,as well as improve the ability to monitor and detect damage.Moreover,by exploiting thesefindings,the assessment of structural resilience in rotary drilling systems can be enhanced.Furthermore,the study demonstrates the capacity of structural health monitoring to improve the quality,dependability,and efficiency of rotary drilling systems in the petroleum industry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61902095).
文摘Biomedical big data,characterized by its massive scale,multi-dimensionality,and heterogeneity,offers novel perspectives for disease research,elucidates biological principles,and simultaneously prompts changes in related research methodologies.Biomedical ontology,as a shared formal conceptual system,not only offers standardized terms for multi-source biomedical data but also provides a solid data foundation and framework for biomedical research.In this review,we summarize enrichment analysis and deep learning for biomedical ontology based on its structure and semantic annotation properties,highlighting how technological advancements are enabling the more comprehensive use of ontology information.Enrichment analysis represents an important application of ontology to elucidate the potential biological significance for a particular molecular list.Deep learning,on the other hand,represents an increasingly powerful analytical tool that can be more widely combined with ontology for analysis and prediction.With the continuous evolution of big data technologies,the integration of these technologies with biomedical ontologies is opening up exciting new possibilities for advancing biomedical research.
基金supported by the Guangdong Province Introduced Innovative R&D Team of Big Data-Mathematical Earth Sciences and Extreme Geological Events Team(grant number 2021ZT09H399)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 42430111,42050103).
文摘The investigations of physical attributes of oceans,including parameters such as heat flow and bathymetry,have garnered substantial attention and are particularly valuable for examining Earth’s thermal structures and dynamic processes.Nevertheless,classical plate cooling models exhibit disparities when predicting observed heat flow and seafloor depth for extremely young and old lithospheres.Furthermore,a comprehensive analysis of global heat flow predictions and regional ocean heat flow or bathymetry data with physical models has been lacking.In this study,we employed power-law models derived from the singularity theory of fractal density to meticulously fit the latest ocean heat flow and bathymetry.Notably,power-law models offer distinct advantages over traditional plate cooling models,showcasing robust self-similarity,scale invariance,or scaling properties,and providing a better fit to observed data.The outcomes of our singularity analysis concerning heat flow and bathymetry across diverse oceanic regions exhibit a degree of consistency with the global ocean spreading rate model.In addition,we applied the similarity method to predict a higher resolution(0.1°×0.1°)global heat flow map based on the most recent heat flow data and geological/geophysical observables refined through linear correlation analysis.Regions displaying significant disparities between predicted and observed heat flow are closely linked to hydrothermal vent fields and active structures.Finally,combining the actual bathymetry and predicted heat flow with the power-law models allows for the quantitative and comprehensive detection of anomalous regions of ocean subsidence and heat flow,which deviate from traditional plate cooling models.The anomalous regions of subsidence and heat flow show different degrees of anisotropy,providing new ideas and clues for further analysis of ocean topography or hydrothermal circulation of mid-ocean ridges.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research and Development Plan of the China State Railway Group Company Limited(No.Q2023J012).
文摘Purpose–The brake pipe system was an essential braking component of the railway freight trains,but the existing E-type sealing rings had problems such as insufficient low-temperature resistance,poor heat stability and short service life.To address these issues,low-phenyl silicone rubber was prepared and tested,and the finite element analysis and experimental studies on the sealing performance of its sealing rings were carried out.Design/methodology/approach–The low-temperature resistance and thermal stability of the prepared lowphenyl silicone rubber were studied using low-temperature tensile testing,differential scanning calorimetry,dynamic thermomechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis.The sealing performance of the lowphenyl silicone rubber sealing ring was studied by using finite element analysis software abaqus and experiments.Findings–The prepared low-phenyl silicone rubber sealing ring possessed excellent low-temperature resistance and thermal stability.According to the finite element analysis results,the finish of the flange sealing surface and groove outer edge should be ensured,and extrusion damage should be avoided.The sealing rings were more susceptible to damage in high compression ratio and/or low-temperature environments.When the sealing effect was ensured,a small compression ratio should be selected,and rubbers with hardness and elasticity less affected by temperature should be selected.The prepared low-phenyl silicone rubber sealing ring had zero leakage at both room temperature(RT)and�508C.Originality/value–The innovation of this study is that it provides valuable data and experience for the future development of the sealing rings used in the brake pipe flange joints of the railway freight cars in China.
