In recent years, Edwardsiella tarda has become one of the most deadly pathogens of Japanese fl ounder( Paralichthys olivaceus), causing serious annual losses in commercial production. In contrast to the rapid advances...In recent years, Edwardsiella tarda has become one of the most deadly pathogens of Japanese fl ounder( Paralichthys olivaceus), causing serious annual losses in commercial production. In contrast to the rapid advances in the aquaculture of P. o livaceus, the study of E. tarda resistance-related markers has lagged behind, hindering the development of a disease-resistant strain. Thus, a marker-trait association analysis was initiated, combining bulked segregant analysis(BSA) and quantitative trait loci(QTL) mapping. Based on 180 microsatellite loci across all chromosomes, 106 individuals from the F1333(♀: F0768 ×♂: F0915)(Nomenclature rule: F+year+family number) were used to detect simple sequence repeats(SSRs) and QTLs associated with E. tarda resistance. After a genomic scan, three markers(Scaffold 404-21589, Scaffold 404-21594 and Scaffold 270-13812) from the same linkage group(LG)-1 exhibited a signifi cant difference between DNA, pooled/bulked from the resistant and susceptible groups( P <0.001). Therefore, 106 individuals were genotyped using all the SSR markers in LG1 by single marker analysis. Two different analytical models were then employed to detect SSR markers with different levels of signifi cance in LG1, where 17 and 18 SSR markers were identifi ed, respectively. Each model found three resistance-related QTLs by composite interval mapping(CIM). These six QTLs, designated q E1–6, explained 16.0%–89.5% of the phenotypic variance. Two of the QTLs, q E-2 and q E-4, were located at the 66.7 c M region, which was considered a major candidate region for E. tarda resistance. This study will provide valuable data for further investigations of E. tarda resistance genes and facilitate the selective breeding of disease-resistant Japanese fl ounder in the future.展开更多
Hypsizygus marmoreus is one of the most important edible fungi in Basidiomycete division and includes white and gray strains.However,very limited knowledge is known about the genomic structures and the genetic basis f...Hypsizygus marmoreus is one of the most important edible fungi in Basidiomycete division and includes white and gray strains.However,very limited knowledge is known about the genomic structures and the genetic basis for the white/gray diversity of this mushroom.Here,we report the near-complete high-quality H.marmoreus genome at the chromosomal level.Comparative genomics analysis indicates that chromosome structures were relatively conserved,and variations in collinearity and chromosome number were mainly attributed by chromosome split/fusion events in Aragicales,whereas the fungi genome experienced many genomic chromosome fracture,fusion,and genomic replication events after the split of Aragicales from Basidiomycetes.Resequencing of 57 strains allows us to classify the population into four major groups and associate genetic variations with morphological features,indicating that white strains were not originated independently.We further generated genetic populations and identified a cytochrome P450 as the candidate causal gene for the melanogenesis in H.marmoreus based on bulked segregant analysis (BSA)and comparative transcriptome analysis.The high-quality H.marmoreus genome and diversity data compiled in this study provide new knowledge and resources for the molecular breeding of H.marmoreus as well as the evolution of Basidiomycete.展开更多
Kernel size-related traits,including kernel length,kernel width,and kernel thickness,are critical components in determining yield and kernel quality in maize(Zea mays L.).Dissecting the phenotypic characteristics of t...Kernel size-related traits,including kernel length,kernel width,and kernel thickness,are critical components in determining yield and kernel quality in maize(Zea mays L.).Dissecting the phenotypic characteristics of these traits,and discovering the candidate chromosomal regions for these traits,are of potential importance for maize yield and quality improvement.In this study,a total of 139 F2:3 family lines derived from EHel and B73,a distinct line with extremely low ear height(EHel),was used for phenotyping and QTL mapping of three kernel sizerelated traits,including 10-kernel length(KL),10-kernel width(KWid),and 10-kernel thickness(KT).The results showed that only one QTL for KWid,i.e.,qKWid9 on Chr9,with a phenotypic variation explained(PVE)of 13.4%was detected between SNPs of AX-86298371 and AX-86298372,while no QTLs were detected for KL and KT across all 10 chromosomes.Four bulked groups of family lines,i.e.,Groups I to IV,were constructed with F2:3 family lines according to the phenotypic comparisons of KWid between EHel and B73.Among these four groups,Group I possessed a significantly lower KWid than EHel(P=0.0455),Group II was similar to EHel(P=0.34),while both Group III and Group IV were statistically higher than EHel(P<0.05).Besides,except Group IV exhibited a similar KWid to B73(P=0.11),KWid of Groups I to III were statistically lower than B73(P<0.00).By comparing the bulked genotypes of the four groups to EHel and B73,a stable chromosomal region on Chr9 between SNPs of AX-86298372 to AX-86263154,entirely covered by qKWid9,was identified to link KWid with the positive allele of increasing phenotypic effect to KWid from B73,similar to that of qKWid9.A large amount of enzyme activity and macromolecule binding-related genes were annotated within this chromosomal region,suggesting qKWid9 as a potential QTL for KWid in maize.展开更多
Two silkworm strains viz, B20 A (high cocoon shell ratio) and C.Nichi (low cocoon shell ratio) were sib mated for 10 generations to determine the homozygosis. Both bulked segregant analysis(BSA) and near isogenic line...Two silkworm strains viz, B20 A (high cocoon shell ratio) and C.Nichi (low cocoon shell ratio) were sib mated for 10 generations to determine the homozygosis. Both bulked segregant analysis(BSA) and near isogenic lines (NIL) studies were done to identify the RFLP markers closely linked to cocoon shell parameters. Three hundred and fifty two random clones were identified as the low copy number sequence and used for identification of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphic (RFLP) marker linked to cocoon weight and cocoon shell character. In the bulk segregant analysis, DNA from the parents (B20 A, C.Nichi), F 1 and F 2 progeny of high shell ratio (HSR) and low shell ratio (LSR) were screened for hybridization with the random clones. Polymorphic banding pattern achieved through southern hybridization with different probes indicated the probable correlation of polymorphism with high and low cocoon shell character which are possible landmarks in identifying the putative marker(s) for the cocoon shell character. Out of the 100 probes tried with parents, F 1, F 2 and their bulks, 10 probes were found to be closely linked to cocoon shell characters.展开更多
以玉米高抗灰斑病自交系齐319与高感病自交系Ye478构建的RILS(重组自交系)为试材,通过两年田间表型鉴定,选取极端表型家系高抗16个,高感15个,利用SSR分子标记,并结合群体分离分析方法(BSA)筛选玉米抗灰斑病连锁标记并进行基因定位。结...以玉米高抗灰斑病自交系齐319与高感病自交系Ye478构建的RILS(重组自交系)为试材,通过两年田间表型鉴定,选取极端表型家系高抗16个,高感15个,利用SSR分子标记,并结合群体分离分析方法(BSA)筛选玉米抗灰斑病连锁标记并进行基因定位。结果表明,在玉米第1连锁群上检测到1个主效抗病基因位点(QTL),与两侧的分子标记umc2614和bnlg1803遗传图距分别为4.74 c M和3.78 c M,该抗病基因位点可解释40.9%的表型变异率,抗病基因来源于齐319,加性效应达到了-7.817 5。展开更多
试验以无果面沟甜瓜品系M4-5为母本,有果面沟甜瓜品系M1-15为父本,配制杂交组合获得F2代群体,作果面沟性状遗传分析,发现甜瓜果面沟性状为显性遗传,受一对基因控制。通过果实性状相关性分析,果面沟性状与裂果呈显著负相关。利用群体分...试验以无果面沟甜瓜品系M4-5为母本,有果面沟甜瓜品系M1-15为父本,配制杂交组合获得F2代群体,作果面沟性状遗传分析,发现甜瓜果面沟性状为显性遗传,受一对基因控制。通过果实性状相关性分析,果面沟性状与裂果呈显著负相关。利用群体分离分析法(BSA)筛选得到甜瓜果面沟基因位于第11号染色体后半段,以双亲材料基因重测序为基础,在定位区域上开发30对引物,在等区段分割处选择15对具有多态性引物。利用15对引物标记F2代群体,构建分子遗传图谱,该图谱全长181.87 c M。定位到一个距离为3.6 c M的控制果面沟位点,通过加密最终得到一个距离为1.1 c M位点,两个与该位点紧密连锁标记分别为M11-01和M11-51。利用100株甜瓜自然群体材料分析2个与果面沟紧密连锁标记,分子数据与田间数据吻合率分别为74.67%和75.99%。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31461163005)the Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province
文摘In recent years, Edwardsiella tarda has become one of the most deadly pathogens of Japanese fl ounder( Paralichthys olivaceus), causing serious annual losses in commercial production. In contrast to the rapid advances in the aquaculture of P. o livaceus, the study of E. tarda resistance-related markers has lagged behind, hindering the development of a disease-resistant strain. Thus, a marker-trait association analysis was initiated, combining bulked segregant analysis(BSA) and quantitative trait loci(QTL) mapping. Based on 180 microsatellite loci across all chromosomes, 106 individuals from the F1333(♀: F0768 ×♂: F0915)(Nomenclature rule: F+year+family number) were used to detect simple sequence repeats(SSRs) and QTLs associated with E. tarda resistance. After a genomic scan, three markers(Scaffold 404-21589, Scaffold 404-21594 and Scaffold 270-13812) from the same linkage group(LG)-1 exhibited a signifi cant difference between DNA, pooled/bulked from the resistant and susceptible groups( P <0.001). Therefore, 106 individuals were genotyped using all the SSR markers in LG1 by single marker analysis. Two different analytical models were then employed to detect SSR markers with different levels of signifi cance in LG1, where 17 and 18 SSR markers were identifi ed, respectively. Each model found three resistance-related QTLs by composite interval mapping(CIM). These six QTLs, designated q E1–6, explained 16.0%–89.5% of the phenotypic variance. Two of the QTLs, q E-2 and q E-4, were located at the 66.7 c M region, which was considered a major candidate region for E. tarda resistance. This study will provide valuable data for further investigations of E. tarda resistance genes and facilitate the selective breeding of disease-resistant Japanese fl ounder in the future.
基金supported by program for Seed Innovation and Industrialization in Fujian Province-Breeding and Industrialization of Major Edible Fungithe Science and Technology Major Project of Fujian Province (2016NZ0001)+1 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Fujian Province (KLa17073A)agricultural technology extension service system for Edible fungus industry in Fujian, China (KNJ-153011-1)。
文摘Hypsizygus marmoreus is one of the most important edible fungi in Basidiomycete division and includes white and gray strains.However,very limited knowledge is known about the genomic structures and the genetic basis for the white/gray diversity of this mushroom.Here,we report the near-complete high-quality H.marmoreus genome at the chromosomal level.Comparative genomics analysis indicates that chromosome structures were relatively conserved,and variations in collinearity and chromosome number were mainly attributed by chromosome split/fusion events in Aragicales,whereas the fungi genome experienced many genomic chromosome fracture,fusion,and genomic replication events after the split of Aragicales from Basidiomycetes.Resequencing of 57 strains allows us to classify the population into four major groups and associate genetic variations with morphological features,indicating that white strains were not originated independently.We further generated genetic populations and identified a cytochrome P450 as the candidate causal gene for the melanogenesis in H.marmoreus based on bulked segregant analysis (BSA)and comparative transcriptome analysis.The high-quality H.marmoreus genome and diversity data compiled in this study provide new knowledge and resources for the molecular breeding of H.marmoreus as well as the evolution of Basidiomycete.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0583)Maize Germplasm Resources Protection Project,and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Southwest University(SWU118087,XDJK2017C031,XDJK2017D072)。
文摘Kernel size-related traits,including kernel length,kernel width,and kernel thickness,are critical components in determining yield and kernel quality in maize(Zea mays L.).Dissecting the phenotypic characteristics of these traits,and discovering the candidate chromosomal regions for these traits,are of potential importance for maize yield and quality improvement.In this study,a total of 139 F2:3 family lines derived from EHel and B73,a distinct line with extremely low ear height(EHel),was used for phenotyping and QTL mapping of three kernel sizerelated traits,including 10-kernel length(KL),10-kernel width(KWid),and 10-kernel thickness(KT).The results showed that only one QTL for KWid,i.e.,qKWid9 on Chr9,with a phenotypic variation explained(PVE)of 13.4%was detected between SNPs of AX-86298371 and AX-86298372,while no QTLs were detected for KL and KT across all 10 chromosomes.Four bulked groups of family lines,i.e.,Groups I to IV,were constructed with F2:3 family lines according to the phenotypic comparisons of KWid between EHel and B73.Among these four groups,Group I possessed a significantly lower KWid than EHel(P=0.0455),Group II was similar to EHel(P=0.34),while both Group III and Group IV were statistically higher than EHel(P<0.05).Besides,except Group IV exhibited a similar KWid to B73(P=0.11),KWid of Groups I to III were statistically lower than B73(P<0.00).By comparing the bulked genotypes of the four groups to EHel and B73,a stable chromosomal region on Chr9 between SNPs of AX-86298372 to AX-86263154,entirely covered by qKWid9,was identified to link KWid with the positive allele of increasing phenotypic effect to KWid from B73,similar to that of qKWid9.A large amount of enzyme activity and macromolecule binding-related genes were annotated within this chromosomal region,suggesting qKWid9 as a potential QTL for KWid in maize.
文摘Two silkworm strains viz, B20 A (high cocoon shell ratio) and C.Nichi (low cocoon shell ratio) were sib mated for 10 generations to determine the homozygosis. Both bulked segregant analysis(BSA) and near isogenic lines (NIL) studies were done to identify the RFLP markers closely linked to cocoon shell parameters. Three hundred and fifty two random clones were identified as the low copy number sequence and used for identification of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphic (RFLP) marker linked to cocoon weight and cocoon shell character. In the bulk segregant analysis, DNA from the parents (B20 A, C.Nichi), F 1 and F 2 progeny of high shell ratio (HSR) and low shell ratio (LSR) were screened for hybridization with the random clones. Polymorphic banding pattern achieved through southern hybridization with different probes indicated the probable correlation of polymorphism with high and low cocoon shell character which are possible landmarks in identifying the putative marker(s) for the cocoon shell character. Out of the 100 probes tried with parents, F 1, F 2 and their bulks, 10 probes were found to be closely linked to cocoon shell characters.
文摘以玉米高抗灰斑病自交系齐319与高感病自交系Ye478构建的RILS(重组自交系)为试材,通过两年田间表型鉴定,选取极端表型家系高抗16个,高感15个,利用SSR分子标记,并结合群体分离分析方法(BSA)筛选玉米抗灰斑病连锁标记并进行基因定位。结果表明,在玉米第1连锁群上检测到1个主效抗病基因位点(QTL),与两侧的分子标记umc2614和bnlg1803遗传图距分别为4.74 c M和3.78 c M,该抗病基因位点可解释40.9%的表型变异率,抗病基因来源于齐319,加性效应达到了-7.817 5。
文摘试验以无果面沟甜瓜品系M4-5为母本,有果面沟甜瓜品系M1-15为父本,配制杂交组合获得F2代群体,作果面沟性状遗传分析,发现甜瓜果面沟性状为显性遗传,受一对基因控制。通过果实性状相关性分析,果面沟性状与裂果呈显著负相关。利用群体分离分析法(BSA)筛选得到甜瓜果面沟基因位于第11号染色体后半段,以双亲材料基因重测序为基础,在定位区域上开发30对引物,在等区段分割处选择15对具有多态性引物。利用15对引物标记F2代群体,构建分子遗传图谱,该图谱全长181.87 c M。定位到一个距离为3.6 c M的控制果面沟位点,通过加密最终得到一个距离为1.1 c M位点,两个与该位点紧密连锁标记分别为M11-01和M11-51。利用100株甜瓜自然群体材料分析2个与果面沟紧密连锁标记,分子数据与田间数据吻合率分别为74.67%和75.99%。
