The overall goal of the project was to test the hypothesis that Lamium amplexicaule and Lamium purpureum, weedy invasive species to North America, use phytotoxic allelochemicals in interplant competition. The chemical...The overall goal of the project was to test the hypothesis that Lamium amplexicaule and Lamium purpureum, weedy invasive species to North America, use phytotoxic allelochemicals in interplant competition. The chemical compositions of the essential oils from the aerial parts of L. amplexicaule and L. purpureum have been obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The essential oils and several essential oil components have been screened for phytotoxic activity on lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) as well as nematocidal activity against Caenorhabditis elegans, brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality, and insecticidal activity against the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta × richteri). L. amplexicaule essential oil was composed largely of α-pinene, β- pinene, 1-octen-3-ol, (E)-caryophyllene, and germacrene D, while L. purpureum oil was dominated by α-pinene, β-pinene, 1-octen-3-ol, β-elemene, and germacrene D. Neither essential oil exhibited notable phytotoxicity or lethality against nema-todes, brine shrimp, or fire ants. It is unlikely, therefore, that the allelopathy observed in these Lamium species is due to volatile phytochemical constituents.展开更多
Objective:To investigate therapeutic mechanism in Jasminum amplexicaule(Oleaceae)and verify its main active component as quality control markers Methods:Established mouse models of diarrhea,intestinal angina,and infla...Objective:To investigate therapeutic mechanism in Jasminum amplexicaule(Oleaceae)and verify its main active component as quality control markers Methods:Established mouse models of diarrhea,intestinal angina,and inflammation were firstly used to select herb fractions with optimum efficacy,followed by an in vitro experiment to determine key targets associated with effects of J.amplexicaule extract.The selected fractions were isolated and purified,its components were identified,and the obtained compounds were verified for their effects on NF-κB and i NOS.Finally,effective compounds were administered to rats,their plasma pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated,and quality markers(QMs)reflecting therapeutic activities of J.amplexicaule were confirmed.Results:Trichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions had significant anti-diarrheal,anti-inflammatory,and analgesic effects.The trichloromethane fraction also reduced BDNF,p38 MAPK,p-p38 MAPK,NF-κB p65,and p-NF-κB p65 levels in the ileum in a rhubarb-induced diarrhea mouse model.Additionally,it inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB transcription and nitric oxide(NO)production in RAW264.7 macrophages,which suppressed i NOS expression.Therefore,the trichloromethane fraction was further investigated.QMs candidate selection identified 17 compounds,and results of in-vitro therapeutic validation indicated that methyl caffeate and isochlorogenic acid B had the strongest anti-diarrheal,anti-inflammatory,and analgesic activities.After being validated by a UHPLC–MS-MS method,concentrations of these target compounds were accurately determined in the rat plasma and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.Cmax,tmax,and t1/2 were respectively 575.35 ng/mL(2.963 nmol/mL),0.5 h,and 0.45 h for methyl caffeate and 262.03 ng/m L(0.5034 nmol/mL),0.25 h,and 2.03 h for isochlorogenic acid B.Because these candidate compounds exhibited favorable pharmacokinetics,they were considered as QMs of J.amplexicaule.Conclusions:The present study accurately and effectively identified QMs of J.amplexicaule that act as indicators of efficacy and quality.展开更多
文摘The overall goal of the project was to test the hypothesis that Lamium amplexicaule and Lamium purpureum, weedy invasive species to North America, use phytotoxic allelochemicals in interplant competition. The chemical compositions of the essential oils from the aerial parts of L. amplexicaule and L. purpureum have been obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The essential oils and several essential oil components have been screened for phytotoxic activity on lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) as well as nematocidal activity against Caenorhabditis elegans, brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality, and insecticidal activity against the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta × richteri). L. amplexicaule essential oil was composed largely of α-pinene, β- pinene, 1-octen-3-ol, (E)-caryophyllene, and germacrene D, while L. purpureum oil was dominated by α-pinene, β-pinene, 1-octen-3-ol, β-elemene, and germacrene D. Neither essential oil exhibited notable phytotoxicity or lethality against nema-todes, brine shrimp, or fire ants. It is unlikely, therefore, that the allelopathy observed in these Lamium species is due to volatile phytochemical constituents.
基金the open topic grant of Guangxi Key Laboratory for TCM Quality Control Research(Gui Zhong Zhong Kai 201402)Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for financial support.
文摘Objective:To investigate therapeutic mechanism in Jasminum amplexicaule(Oleaceae)and verify its main active component as quality control markers Methods:Established mouse models of diarrhea,intestinal angina,and inflammation were firstly used to select herb fractions with optimum efficacy,followed by an in vitro experiment to determine key targets associated with effects of J.amplexicaule extract.The selected fractions were isolated and purified,its components were identified,and the obtained compounds were verified for their effects on NF-κB and i NOS.Finally,effective compounds were administered to rats,their plasma pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated,and quality markers(QMs)reflecting therapeutic activities of J.amplexicaule were confirmed.Results:Trichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions had significant anti-diarrheal,anti-inflammatory,and analgesic effects.The trichloromethane fraction also reduced BDNF,p38 MAPK,p-p38 MAPK,NF-κB p65,and p-NF-κB p65 levels in the ileum in a rhubarb-induced diarrhea mouse model.Additionally,it inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB transcription and nitric oxide(NO)production in RAW264.7 macrophages,which suppressed i NOS expression.Therefore,the trichloromethane fraction was further investigated.QMs candidate selection identified 17 compounds,and results of in-vitro therapeutic validation indicated that methyl caffeate and isochlorogenic acid B had the strongest anti-diarrheal,anti-inflammatory,and analgesic activities.After being validated by a UHPLC–MS-MS method,concentrations of these target compounds were accurately determined in the rat plasma and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.Cmax,tmax,and t1/2 were respectively 575.35 ng/mL(2.963 nmol/mL),0.5 h,and 0.45 h for methyl caffeate and 262.03 ng/m L(0.5034 nmol/mL),0.25 h,and 2.03 h for isochlorogenic acid B.Because these candidate compounds exhibited favorable pharmacokinetics,they were considered as QMs of J.amplexicaule.Conclusions:The present study accurately and effectively identified QMs of J.amplexicaule that act as indicators of efficacy and quality.
