In common practice in the oil fields,the injection of water and gas into reservoirs is a crucial technique to increase production.The control of the waterflooding front in oil/gas exploitation is a matter of great con...In common practice in the oil fields,the injection of water and gas into reservoirs is a crucial technique to increase production.The control of the waterflooding front in oil/gas exploitation is a matter of great concern to reservoir engineers.Monitoring the waterflooding front in oil/gas wells plays a very important role in adjusting the well network and later in production,taking advantage of the remaining oil po-tential and ultimately achieving great success in improving the recovery rate.For a long time,micro-seismic monitoring,numerical simulation,four-dimensional seismic and other methods have been widely used in waterflooding front monitoring.However,reconciling their reliability and cost poses a significant challenge.In order to achieve real-time,reliable and cost-effective monitoring,we propose an innovative method for waterflooding front monitoring through the similarity analysis of passive source time-lapse seismic images.Typically,passive source seismic data collected from oil fields have extremely low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),which poses a serious problem for obtaining structural images.The proposed method aims to visualize and analyze underground changes by highlighting time-lapse images and provide a strategy for underground monitoring using long-term passive source data under low SNR conditions.First,we verify the feasibility of the proposed method by designing a theoretical model.Then,we conduct an analysis of the correlation coefficient(similarity)on the passive source time-lapse seismic imaging results to enhance the image differences and identify the simulated waterflooding fronts.Finally,the proposed method is applied to the actual waterflooding front monitoring tasks in Shengli Oilfield,China.The research findings indicate that the monitoring results are consistent with the actual devel-opment conditions,which in turn demonstrates that the proposed method has great potential for practical application and is very suitable for monitoring common development tasks in oil fields.展开更多
An increased amount of DNA fragme ntation in the spermatozoa(SDF)is linked to male in fertility.The Sperm Chromati n Structure Assay(SCSA)is widely used for analysis of SDF.However,the current software(SCSASoftR)linke...An increased amount of DNA fragme ntation in the spermatozoa(SDF)is linked to male in fertility.The Sperm Chromati n Structure Assay(SCSA)is widely used for analysis of SDF.However,the current software(SCSASoftR)linked to this assay is licensed and often located within larger diagnostic centers.In this study,we present a protocol for using other types of software than SCSASoftR to determine the SDF index(DFI)with clinical relevance.This protocol is engineered after collect!ng and analyzing 254 samples from fertility patients and sperm donors over a 15-month period.DFI is analyzed using a strict protocol where the spermatozoa are treated with a strong acid(pH 1.2)followed by acridine orange.DFI is determined by a standard flow cytometric software,FACSDiva 6.1.3.Analysis of the outcome of the fertility treatment is included for 137 patients receiving either intrauterine inseminations(IUI)or timed coitus(TC).The results show that the chance of pregnancy decli nes as DFI in creases.We also found that the male DFI affects the chanee of pregnancy independent of the female age.We have shown that a standard flow cytometric software can be used when determi ning a clinical releva nt DFI.These findings are a sign ificant step toward impleme nting the an alysis as a part of the routi ne,in・house diag no sing of the male fertility patient and subseque ntly optimizing the treatme nt course of the couple with reduced human and financial costs.展开更多
Objective AP2/ERF(APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor)superfamily is one of the largest gene families in plants and has been reported to participate in various biological processes,such as the regulation of biosynthes...Objective AP2/ERF(APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor)superfamily is one of the largest gene families in plants and has been reported to participate in various biological processes,such as the regulation of biosynthesis of active lignan.However,few studies have investigated the genome-wide role of the AP2/ERF superfamily in Isatis indigotica.This study establishes a complete picture of the AP2/ERF superfamily in I.indigotica and contributes valuable information for further functional characterization of IiAP2/ERF genes and supports further metabolic engineering.Methods To identify the IiAP2/ERF superfamily genes,the AP2/ERF sequences from Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica rapa were used as query sequences in the basic local alignment search tool.Bioinformatic analyses were conducted to investigate the protein structure,motif composition,chromosome location,phylogenetic relationship,and interaction network of the IiAP2/ERF superfamily genes.The accuracy of omics data was verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and heatmap analyses.Results One hundred and twenty-six putative IiAP2/ERF genes in total were identified from the I.indigotica genome database in this study.By sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis,the IiAP2/ERF genes were classified into 5 groups including AP2,ERF,DREB(dehydration-responsive element-binding factor),Soloist and RAV(related to abscisic acid insensitive 3/viviparous 1)subfamilies.Among which,122 members were unevenly distributed across seven chromosomes.Sequence alignment showed that I.indigotica and A.thaliana had 30 pairs of orthologous genes,and we constructed their interaction network.The comprehensive analysis of gene expression pattern in different tissues suggested that these genes may play a significant role in organ growth and development of I.indigotica.Members that may regulate lignan biosynthesis in roots were also preliminarily identified.Ribonucleic acid sequencing analysis revealed that the expression of 76 IiAP2/ERF genes were up-or down-regulated under salt or drought treatment,among which,33 IiAP2/ERF genes were regulated by both stresses.Conclusion This study undertook a genome-wide characterization of the AP2/ERF superfamily in I.indigotica,providing valuable information for further functional characterization of IiAP2/ERF genes and discovery of genetic targets for metabolic engineering.展开更多
The Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC)comprises of the world’s largest producers and consumers of energy,accounting for 60.3%of primary energy supply,50.0%of final energy consumption,and 63.0%of electricity gene...The Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC)comprises of the world’s largest producers and consumers of energy,accounting for 60.3%of primary energy supply,50.0%of final energy consumption,and 63.0%of electricity generation worldwide in 2016.This study discusses the primary energy supply and final energy consumption situation of the APEC and analyzes the characteristics of electricity in terms of its generation structure based on fuel,consumption by the end-use sector,access to electricity,and so on.The renewable energy and electricity generation projections up to 2030 based on trends in the APEC are also assessed.It is seen that electricity in final energy consumption has been on an upward trend,with an average annual growth rate of about 4.8%during 2006–2016,in 2016,its share reached 24.3%.The industry sector consumes the largest share of electricity,accounting for about 45.5%in 2016.Coal supply and consumption peaked in 2011 and then began to decline,while renewable energy has been on an upward trend,with its primary energy supply share increasing from 4.80%in 2010 to 6.29%in 2016.Solar photovoltaic and onshore wind power are on the verge of costing less than the operating cost of existing coal-fired plants in 2018.In the APEC’s target scenario in which renewable energy is doubled,the predicted net growth from 2017 to 2030 of solar,wind,and hydro power is about 963,497,and 157 GW,respectively,and to reach this target,the APEC economies need to accelerate renewable energy development.展开更多
The paper analyzes and compares systematically common A I Ming-ming monitoring methods of horizontal displacement for the main line of South-to-North water diversion mid-route project,introduces the principle,accuracy...The paper analyzes and compares systematically common A I Ming-ming monitoring methods of horizontal displacement for the main line of South-to-North water diversion mid-route project,introduces the principle,accuracy analysis,advantages and disadvantages of the methods,which has the certain guiding value for the selection of the horizontal displacement monitoring method in the main line of South-to-North water diversion mid-route project.展开更多
We assessed the concomitant impact of cigarette smoking and alcohol con sumption in men presenting for primary couple's infertility.Data from 189 in fertile men were an a lyzed.Semen analysis,serum hormones,and sp...We assessed the concomitant impact of cigarette smoking and alcohol con sumption in men presenting for primary couple's infertility.Data from 189 in fertile men were an a lyzed.Semen analysis,serum hormones,and sperm DNA fragmentation(SDF)were obtained.Smoking status was categorized as follows:current nonsmoker(-S),moderate smoker(+MS),and heavy smoker(+HS).Alcohol consumption was categorized as follows:abstainer(-D),moderate drinker(+MD),and heavy drinker(+HD).Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were applied.Among all the participants,132(69.8%),30(15.9%),and 27(14.3%)patients were-S,+MS,and+HS,respectively.In addition,67(35.4%),77(40.7%)and 45(23.8%)men were-D,+MD and+HD,respectively.Regarding concomitant habits,52(27.5%)patients were nonsmokers and abstainers(-S/-D:Group 1),91(48.1%)had at least one recreational habit(-S/+D or+S/-D:Group 2),and 46(24.3%)were both smokers and drinkers(+S/+D:Group 3).Sperm concentration and progressive motility were lower in+HS and+HD,compared with-S and-D(all P<0.05),respectively.Similarly,both parameters were significantly lower in Group 3 than Groups 1 and 2(all P<0.05).SDF values were higher in Group 3 than Groups 1 and 2(both P<0.05).In multivariate analysis,follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels and concomitant+S/+D status were independent predictors of impaired sperm concentration and progressive motility(all P<0.05).Heavy smoking and heavy drinking were associated with worse seminal parameters than moderate smoking/drinking and nonsmoking/abstaining.When concomitant,+S/+D status has an even greater detrimental effect on semen parameters.展开更多
采用真空电弧镀技术(arc ion plating,AIP)在DZ125定向高温合金基体上制备60μm沉积-扩散型复合涂层(NiCrAlYSi+AlYSi)。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析涂层的组织及结构,涂层外层形成大量的β-NiAl相,涂层中Al浓度自外向内逐渐降低...采用真空电弧镀技术(arc ion plating,AIP)在DZ125定向高温合金基体上制备60μm沉积-扩散型复合涂层(NiCrAlYSi+AlYSi)。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析涂层的组织及结构,涂层外层形成大量的β-NiAl相,涂层中Al浓度自外向内逐渐降低,形成具有浓度梯度的复合涂层,有利于高温下涂层表面形成致密的Al2O3保护膜,提高表面保护膜的自愈能力。对沉积-扩散型复合涂层的试样进行1150℃抗氧化实验和900℃抗热腐蚀等实验,评价其抗氧化、抗腐蚀性能,对涂层氧化速率及腐蚀速率进行表征。结果表明:复合涂层明显改善了合金的抗高温氧化性能,承温能力明显提高,寿命延长。展开更多
基金supported by the CNPC-SWPU Innovation Alliance Technology Cooperation Project(2020CX020000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42022028)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(24NSFSC0808)the China Scholarship Council(202306440144)。
文摘In common practice in the oil fields,the injection of water and gas into reservoirs is a crucial technique to increase production.The control of the waterflooding front in oil/gas exploitation is a matter of great concern to reservoir engineers.Monitoring the waterflooding front in oil/gas wells plays a very important role in adjusting the well network and later in production,taking advantage of the remaining oil po-tential and ultimately achieving great success in improving the recovery rate.For a long time,micro-seismic monitoring,numerical simulation,four-dimensional seismic and other methods have been widely used in waterflooding front monitoring.However,reconciling their reliability and cost poses a significant challenge.In order to achieve real-time,reliable and cost-effective monitoring,we propose an innovative method for waterflooding front monitoring through the similarity analysis of passive source time-lapse seismic images.Typically,passive source seismic data collected from oil fields have extremely low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),which poses a serious problem for obtaining structural images.The proposed method aims to visualize and analyze underground changes by highlighting time-lapse images and provide a strategy for underground monitoring using long-term passive source data under low SNR conditions.First,we verify the feasibility of the proposed method by designing a theoretical model.Then,we conduct an analysis of the correlation coefficient(similarity)on the passive source time-lapse seismic imaging results to enhance the image differences and identify the simulated waterflooding fronts.Finally,the proposed method is applied to the actual waterflooding front monitoring tasks in Shengli Oilfield,China.The research findings indicate that the monitoring results are consistent with the actual devel-opment conditions,which in turn demonstrates that the proposed method has great potential for practical application and is very suitable for monitoring common development tasks in oil fields.
文摘An increased amount of DNA fragme ntation in the spermatozoa(SDF)is linked to male in fertility.The Sperm Chromati n Structure Assay(SCSA)is widely used for analysis of SDF.However,the current software(SCSASoftR)linked to this assay is licensed and often located within larger diagnostic centers.In this study,we present a protocol for using other types of software than SCSASoftR to determine the SDF index(DFI)with clinical relevance.This protocol is engineered after collect!ng and analyzing 254 samples from fertility patients and sperm donors over a 15-month period.DFI is analyzed using a strict protocol where the spermatozoa are treated with a strong acid(pH 1.2)followed by acridine orange.DFI is determined by a standard flow cytometric software,FACSDiva 6.1.3.Analysis of the outcome of the fertility treatment is included for 137 patients receiving either intrauterine inseminations(IUI)or timed coitus(TC).The results show that the chance of pregnancy decli nes as DFI in creases.We also found that the male DFI affects the chanee of pregnancy independent of the female age.We have shown that a standard flow cytometric software can be used when determi ning a clinical releva nt DFI.These findings are a sign ificant step toward impleme nting the an alysis as a part of the routi ne,in・house diag no sing of the male fertility patient and subseque ntly optimizing the treatme nt course of the couple with reduced human and financial costs.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32000231,31970316,32170274,31770329 and 32070327)Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(19XD1405000)Shanghai Sail Program(19YF1459300)。
文摘Objective AP2/ERF(APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor)superfamily is one of the largest gene families in plants and has been reported to participate in various biological processes,such as the regulation of biosynthesis of active lignan.However,few studies have investigated the genome-wide role of the AP2/ERF superfamily in Isatis indigotica.This study establishes a complete picture of the AP2/ERF superfamily in I.indigotica and contributes valuable information for further functional characterization of IiAP2/ERF genes and supports further metabolic engineering.Methods To identify the IiAP2/ERF superfamily genes,the AP2/ERF sequences from Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica rapa were used as query sequences in the basic local alignment search tool.Bioinformatic analyses were conducted to investigate the protein structure,motif composition,chromosome location,phylogenetic relationship,and interaction network of the IiAP2/ERF superfamily genes.The accuracy of omics data was verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and heatmap analyses.Results One hundred and twenty-six putative IiAP2/ERF genes in total were identified from the I.indigotica genome database in this study.By sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis,the IiAP2/ERF genes were classified into 5 groups including AP2,ERF,DREB(dehydration-responsive element-binding factor),Soloist and RAV(related to abscisic acid insensitive 3/viviparous 1)subfamilies.Among which,122 members were unevenly distributed across seven chromosomes.Sequence alignment showed that I.indigotica and A.thaliana had 30 pairs of orthologous genes,and we constructed their interaction network.The comprehensive analysis of gene expression pattern in different tissues suggested that these genes may play a significant role in organ growth and development of I.indigotica.Members that may regulate lignan biosynthesis in roots were also preliminarily identified.Ribonucleic acid sequencing analysis revealed that the expression of 76 IiAP2/ERF genes were up-or down-regulated under salt or drought treatment,among which,33 IiAP2/ERF genes were regulated by both stresses.Conclusion This study undertook a genome-wide characterization of the AP2/ERF superfamily in I.indigotica,providing valuable information for further functional characterization of IiAP2/ERF genes and discovery of genetic targets for metabolic engineering.
基金sponsored by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFC0704400)the Programmer of Introducing Talents (Grant No. B13011)
文摘The Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC)comprises of the world’s largest producers and consumers of energy,accounting for 60.3%of primary energy supply,50.0%of final energy consumption,and 63.0%of electricity generation worldwide in 2016.This study discusses the primary energy supply and final energy consumption situation of the APEC and analyzes the characteristics of electricity in terms of its generation structure based on fuel,consumption by the end-use sector,access to electricity,and so on.The renewable energy and electricity generation projections up to 2030 based on trends in the APEC are also assessed.It is seen that electricity in final energy consumption has been on an upward trend,with an average annual growth rate of about 4.8%during 2006–2016,in 2016,its share reached 24.3%.The industry sector consumes the largest share of electricity,accounting for about 45.5%in 2016.Coal supply and consumption peaked in 2011 and then began to decline,while renewable energy has been on an upward trend,with its primary energy supply share increasing from 4.80%in 2010 to 6.29%in 2016.Solar photovoltaic and onshore wind power are on the verge of costing less than the operating cost of existing coal-fired plants in 2018.In the APEC’s target scenario in which renewable energy is doubled,the predicted net growth from 2017 to 2030 of solar,wind,and hydro power is about 963,497,and 157 GW,respectively,and to reach this target,the APEC economies need to accelerate renewable energy development.
文摘The paper analyzes and compares systematically common A I Ming-ming monitoring methods of horizontal displacement for the main line of South-to-North water diversion mid-route project,introduces the principle,accuracy analysis,advantages and disadvantages of the methods,which has the certain guiding value for the selection of the horizontal displacement monitoring method in the main line of South-to-North water diversion mid-route project.
文摘We assessed the concomitant impact of cigarette smoking and alcohol con sumption in men presenting for primary couple's infertility.Data from 189 in fertile men were an a lyzed.Semen analysis,serum hormones,and sperm DNA fragmentation(SDF)were obtained.Smoking status was categorized as follows:current nonsmoker(-S),moderate smoker(+MS),and heavy smoker(+HS).Alcohol consumption was categorized as follows:abstainer(-D),moderate drinker(+MD),and heavy drinker(+HD).Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were applied.Among all the participants,132(69.8%),30(15.9%),and 27(14.3%)patients were-S,+MS,and+HS,respectively.In addition,67(35.4%),77(40.7%)and 45(23.8%)men were-D,+MD and+HD,respectively.Regarding concomitant habits,52(27.5%)patients were nonsmokers and abstainers(-S/-D:Group 1),91(48.1%)had at least one recreational habit(-S/+D or+S/-D:Group 2),and 46(24.3%)were both smokers and drinkers(+S/+D:Group 3).Sperm concentration and progressive motility were lower in+HS and+HD,compared with-S and-D(all P<0.05),respectively.Similarly,both parameters were significantly lower in Group 3 than Groups 1 and 2(all P<0.05).SDF values were higher in Group 3 than Groups 1 and 2(both P<0.05).In multivariate analysis,follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels and concomitant+S/+D status were independent predictors of impaired sperm concentration and progressive motility(all P<0.05).Heavy smoking and heavy drinking were associated with worse seminal parameters than moderate smoking/drinking and nonsmoking/abstaining.When concomitant,+S/+D status has an even greater detrimental effect on semen parameters.
文摘采用真空电弧镀技术(arc ion plating,AIP)在DZ125定向高温合金基体上制备60μm沉积-扩散型复合涂层(NiCrAlYSi+AlYSi)。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析涂层的组织及结构,涂层外层形成大量的β-NiAl相,涂层中Al浓度自外向内逐渐降低,形成具有浓度梯度的复合涂层,有利于高温下涂层表面形成致密的Al2O3保护膜,提高表面保护膜的自愈能力。对沉积-扩散型复合涂层的试样进行1150℃抗氧化实验和900℃抗热腐蚀等实验,评价其抗氧化、抗腐蚀性能,对涂层氧化速率及腐蚀速率进行表征。结果表明:复合涂层明显改善了合金的抗高温氧化性能,承温能力明显提高,寿命延长。
