Biocomposites are one of the environmentally friendlymaterials as a substitute for synthetic plastics used for various applications in the automotive,household appliances industry,and interiors.In this study,biocompos...Biocomposites are one of the environmentally friendlymaterials as a substitute for synthetic plastics used for various applications in the automotive,household appliances industry,and interiors.In this study,biocomposites from Polylactic Acid(PLA)and sugarcane bagasse fibers(SBF)were made using the 3D Printing method.The effect of alkalization with NaOH of 0(untreated),4%,6%,and 8%of the fibers were studied.The SBF in PLA was kept at 2%v/v from the total biocomposite.The characterization of all biocomposite tested using tensile,flexural,impact,scanning electron microscope(SEM),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and Fourier TransformInfrared(FTIR).The tensile test results showed that the 6%NaOH concentration on the fibers had the highest tensile strength of 34.59MPa compared to pure PLA.Theflexural and impact strengths of the biocomposite samples in the treatment also showed the highest results of 45.62MPa and 45.03 kJ/m2,respectively.SEMimaging also confirmed the presence of good bonding between the matrix and fibers.The thermal stability of biocomposite showed an increase in the degradation point after alkalization.There was a change in the chemical functional group in the biocomposite with fibers treated by 6%NaOH at a wavenumber of 1150–1030 cm^(−1).These results indicate that PLA biocomposites have competitive properties for application in various industrial sectors.展开更多
Hohhot Plain, lying in the front of the Yingshan Mountains in inner Mongolia, isbounded by the mountain north, the Yellow River south, the Manhan Mountain east andloess hills southeast. Being 986 to 1100 meters above ...Hohhot Plain, lying in the front of the Yingshan Mountains in inner Mongolia, isbounded by the mountain north, the Yellow River south, the Manhan Mountain east andloess hills southeast. Being 986 to 1100 meters above ses level, the plain generally slopesdown to the southwest, just in accordance with the flowing direction of the Great Heihe Riv-er and the Small Heihe River.展开更多
In order to solve the problems including pipe corrosion, scaling and microbial growth, which severely threat safe op-eration of circulating cooling water system, this paper proposes ion exchange softening and alkaliza...In order to solve the problems including pipe corrosion, scaling and microbial growth, which severely threat safe op-eration of circulating cooling water system, this paper proposes ion exchange softening and alkalization process to solve these problems and carries out a series of studies to study the feasibility of ion exchange softening and alkaliza-tion process in the simulation process of circulating cooling water system. The studies include product water quality of ion exchange softening and alkalization process, effect on the performance of carbon steel and brass, and the inhibition that suppresses microbial growth. The results indicate that ion exchange softening and alkalization process is feasible to prevent the circulating cooling water system from scaling, pipe corrosion, and microbial growth without any other chemicals. Thus circulating cooling water system can achieve zerodischarge of wastewater.展开更多
Furfural residue, an industrial waste, is a kind of strongly acidic organic materials. Its comprehensive utilization in agriculture showed a significant effect on control of soil alkalization, amelioration of solonetz...Furfural residue, an industrial waste, is a kind of strongly acidic organic materials. Its comprehensive utilization in agriculture showed a significant effect on control of soil alkalization, amelioration of solonetz and increase of crop yields. In detail it may adjust pH, depress alkalinity, reduce bulk density and compactness and increase water permeability and retention ability of the soil. Meanwhile agricultural use of furfural residue provided an effective way to avoid its pollution of the soil, Water and air.展开更多
Using Object-oriented design and a new programming language JAVA, a physically-based model was built to simulate the hydrological, alkalization/de-alkalization and salinization/desalinization processes in soil. Furthe...Using Object-oriented design and a new programming language JAVA, a physically-based model was built to simulate the hydrological, alkalization/de-alkalization and salinization/desalinization processes in soil. Furthermore, a process-based model was built to evaluate the dynamics of four herbaceous ecosystems (including dynamics of above-ground biomass, below-ground biomass, and litter biomass), each dominated by Aneurolepidium chinense (Trin.) Kitag., Chloris virgata Sw., Puccinellia tenuiflora (Turcz.) Scribn. et Merr. and Suaeda glauca Bunge. This model is a daily-time step model, suitable for simulating hydrological, alkalization/de-alkalization and salinization/desalinization processes of heterogeneous soil, and growth dynamics of different grassland communities. With climatic data and experimental data of Changling Experimental Site in Jilin Province, the soil moisture content (in 1991, 1996, 1997 and 1998), soil salt concentration, exchangeable cation percentage and pH in soil and growth dynamics of these four sorts of grassland communities (in 1991) were simulated and the results were verified to be in accord with observed data.展开更多
Diamonds on the Earth mainly occur in volcanic rocks such as kimberlites and lamproites^([1-8]),but can also be found in ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks^([9-10]),meteorites^([11])and alluvial deposits^([12]).In r...Diamonds on the Earth mainly occur in volcanic rocks such as kimberlites and lamproites^([1-8]),but can also be found in ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks^([9-10]),meteorites^([11])and alluvial deposits^([12]).In recent years,diamonds have been recovered from ophiolites^([13-16])and alkalic dolerites^([17-18]).The discovery of ophiolitic diamonds and alkalic dolerites diamonds has drawn significant research interests to explore the origin of this new class of diamond source and to infer the evolution of their hosting rocks[^(19-21)].This new type of diamond had been initially considered as a result of contamination.However,more and more evidences either directly or indirectly demonstrate that these diamonds are of natural origin^([16,18,19,22-24]).During a geological survey from 2012 to 2015,the geologists from Nanjing Centre of China Geological Survey discovered a large number of yellow microdiamonds in the Langan area in northern Anhui Province^([18,25-29]).The diamond-bearing rocks of these microdiamonds mainly include dolerite and olivine basalt.From 2016 to 2018,four microdiamonds in basic rocks were recovered again in the prospecting work for primary diamond deposits in the Tashan and Zhangji areas in Xuzhou,which is geographically close to Langan[30].All these microdiamonds are similar in colour and shape to ophiolite type diamonds^([31]),and show different characteristics of kimberlite and lamproite type diamonds.Cai,et al.(2019)reported the petrological characteristics of the diamondiferous rocks^([17,21,30]).In this paper,the morphology,infrared spectrum,and carbon isotope compositions of microdiamonds were analysed and discussed by Fourier infrared spectroscopy and carbon isotope test.The types of microdiamonds found in the North China Craton,the age of mantle occurrence,and the source of carbon isotopes were revealed.In the past,many deposits of macro-diamonds,mostly of TypeⅠa orⅡa,were found in the North China Craton,and they have been extensively studied.Microdiamonds recovered from the alkalic dolerites of the North China Craton were studied by FTIR and carbon isotopic.These diamonds are usually light yellow to yellow,with a few colourless,and cubic,octahedral or rhomboidal dodecahedron,and octahedron in shape.The surface characteristics of diamonds,such as dissolution,can be observed.The overall N concentration is not high,with an average of 173×10^(-6).The infrared spectra show that most of these diamonds are TypeⅠb,and C centres are found at 1344 cm^(-1).Three diamond samples are classified as TypeⅠa/Ⅰb,because of A centres and C centres in these diamonds.Two diamonds are classified as typeⅠaAB because B,B′and A centres are found co-existing.FTIR microscopic measurements from the core to the edge of the TypeⅠaAB diamond suggest a mantle residence time of approximately 550 Ma.The C isotopic analysis reveals that these diamonds are strongly depleted in 13 C.These lowδ^(13) C values of dolerites-hosted diamonds overlap with the lower ends of peridotitic diamonds and metamorphic diamonds,and the upper end of the ophiolitic diamonds.Additionally,the reason for the strong deficitδ^(13) C shown by the carbon isotope should be studied in the future.展开更多
A new,facile,and efficient way to prepare alkalinized g-C3N4 is presented.We calcined a mixture of KCl and melamine to obtain g-C3N4,whose in-plane structure was K+doped so that alkalinized samples could be obtained b...A new,facile,and efficient way to prepare alkalinized g-C3N4 is presented.We calcined a mixture of KCl and melamine to obtain g-C3N4,whose in-plane structure was K+doped so that alkalinized samples could be obtained by treatment with different concentrations of KOH.The different samples were used to oxidize As(Ⅲ)in both visible light and natural light.The sample treated with 10 mol/L KOH showed the highest efficiency,converting all As(Ⅲ)into As(Ⅴ)within 120 min in both visible light and natural light,as the oxidative capacity of the As(Ⅲ)in the alkalinized samples was significantly higher than that of the original samples.K+doping improved the electron transport capacity of the samples,while the alkalinized samples could destroy their edge structures,so as to improve the separation efficiency of the photogenerated carrier.The experiment confirmed that alkalinized g-C3N4 significantly improves the oxidation ability of As(Ⅲ)and plays an important role in the photocatalytic treatment of refractory nonmetallic ions.展开更多
基金funded and supported by the Institute of Research and Community Service(LPPM),Universitas Jember,for International Research Collaboration Scheme with project number:3565/UN25.3.1/LT/2023.
文摘Biocomposites are one of the environmentally friendlymaterials as a substitute for synthetic plastics used for various applications in the automotive,household appliances industry,and interiors.In this study,biocomposites from Polylactic Acid(PLA)and sugarcane bagasse fibers(SBF)were made using the 3D Printing method.The effect of alkalization with NaOH of 0(untreated),4%,6%,and 8%of the fibers were studied.The SBF in PLA was kept at 2%v/v from the total biocomposite.The characterization of all biocomposite tested using tensile,flexural,impact,scanning electron microscope(SEM),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and Fourier TransformInfrared(FTIR).The tensile test results showed that the 6%NaOH concentration on the fibers had the highest tensile strength of 34.59MPa compared to pure PLA.Theflexural and impact strengths of the biocomposite samples in the treatment also showed the highest results of 45.62MPa and 45.03 kJ/m2,respectively.SEMimaging also confirmed the presence of good bonding between the matrix and fibers.The thermal stability of biocomposite showed an increase in the degradation point after alkalization.There was a change in the chemical functional group in the biocomposite with fibers treated by 6%NaOH at a wavenumber of 1150–1030 cm^(−1).These results indicate that PLA biocomposites have competitive properties for application in various industrial sectors.
文摘Hohhot Plain, lying in the front of the Yingshan Mountains in inner Mongolia, isbounded by the mountain north, the Yellow River south, the Manhan Mountain east andloess hills southeast. Being 986 to 1100 meters above ses level, the plain generally slopesdown to the southwest, just in accordance with the flowing direction of the Great Heihe Riv-er and the Small Heihe River.
文摘In order to solve the problems including pipe corrosion, scaling and microbial growth, which severely threat safe op-eration of circulating cooling water system, this paper proposes ion exchange softening and alkalization process to solve these problems and carries out a series of studies to study the feasibility of ion exchange softening and alkaliza-tion process in the simulation process of circulating cooling water system. The studies include product water quality of ion exchange softening and alkalization process, effect on the performance of carbon steel and brass, and the inhibition that suppresses microbial growth. The results indicate that ion exchange softening and alkalization process is feasible to prevent the circulating cooling water system from scaling, pipe corrosion, and microbial growth without any other chemicals. Thus circulating cooling water system can achieve zerodischarge of wastewater.
文摘Furfural residue, an industrial waste, is a kind of strongly acidic organic materials. Its comprehensive utilization in agriculture showed a significant effect on control of soil alkalization, amelioration of solonetz and increase of crop yields. In detail it may adjust pH, depress alkalinity, reduce bulk density and compactness and increase water permeability and retention ability of the soil. Meanwhile agricultural use of furfural residue provided an effective way to avoid its pollution of the soil, Water and air.
文摘Using Object-oriented design and a new programming language JAVA, a physically-based model was built to simulate the hydrological, alkalization/de-alkalization and salinization/desalinization processes in soil. Furthermore, a process-based model was built to evaluate the dynamics of four herbaceous ecosystems (including dynamics of above-ground biomass, below-ground biomass, and litter biomass), each dominated by Aneurolepidium chinense (Trin.) Kitag., Chloris virgata Sw., Puccinellia tenuiflora (Turcz.) Scribn. et Merr. and Suaeda glauca Bunge. This model is a daily-time step model, suitable for simulating hydrological, alkalization/de-alkalization and salinization/desalinization processes of heterogeneous soil, and growth dynamics of different grassland communities. With climatic data and experimental data of Changling Experimental Site in Jilin Province, the soil moisture content (in 1991, 1996, 1997 and 1998), soil salt concentration, exchangeable cation percentage and pH in soil and growth dynamics of these four sorts of grassland communities (in 1991) were simulated and the results were verified to be in accord with observed data.
文摘Diamonds on the Earth mainly occur in volcanic rocks such as kimberlites and lamproites^([1-8]),but can also be found in ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks^([9-10]),meteorites^([11])and alluvial deposits^([12]).In recent years,diamonds have been recovered from ophiolites^([13-16])and alkalic dolerites^([17-18]).The discovery of ophiolitic diamonds and alkalic dolerites diamonds has drawn significant research interests to explore the origin of this new class of diamond source and to infer the evolution of their hosting rocks[^(19-21)].This new type of diamond had been initially considered as a result of contamination.However,more and more evidences either directly or indirectly demonstrate that these diamonds are of natural origin^([16,18,19,22-24]).During a geological survey from 2012 to 2015,the geologists from Nanjing Centre of China Geological Survey discovered a large number of yellow microdiamonds in the Langan area in northern Anhui Province^([18,25-29]).The diamond-bearing rocks of these microdiamonds mainly include dolerite and olivine basalt.From 2016 to 2018,four microdiamonds in basic rocks were recovered again in the prospecting work for primary diamond deposits in the Tashan and Zhangji areas in Xuzhou,which is geographically close to Langan[30].All these microdiamonds are similar in colour and shape to ophiolite type diamonds^([31]),and show different characteristics of kimberlite and lamproite type diamonds.Cai,et al.(2019)reported the petrological characteristics of the diamondiferous rocks^([17,21,30]).In this paper,the morphology,infrared spectrum,and carbon isotope compositions of microdiamonds were analysed and discussed by Fourier infrared spectroscopy and carbon isotope test.The types of microdiamonds found in the North China Craton,the age of mantle occurrence,and the source of carbon isotopes were revealed.In the past,many deposits of macro-diamonds,mostly of TypeⅠa orⅡa,were found in the North China Craton,and they have been extensively studied.Microdiamonds recovered from the alkalic dolerites of the North China Craton were studied by FTIR and carbon isotopic.These diamonds are usually light yellow to yellow,with a few colourless,and cubic,octahedral or rhomboidal dodecahedron,and octahedron in shape.The surface characteristics of diamonds,such as dissolution,can be observed.The overall N concentration is not high,with an average of 173×10^(-6).The infrared spectra show that most of these diamonds are TypeⅠb,and C centres are found at 1344 cm^(-1).Three diamond samples are classified as TypeⅠa/Ⅰb,because of A centres and C centres in these diamonds.Two diamonds are classified as typeⅠaAB because B,B′and A centres are found co-existing.FTIR microscopic measurements from the core to the edge of the TypeⅠaAB diamond suggest a mantle residence time of approximately 550 Ma.The C isotopic analysis reveals that these diamonds are strongly depleted in 13 C.These lowδ^(13) C values of dolerites-hosted diamonds overlap with the lower ends of peridotitic diamonds and metamorphic diamonds,and the upper end of the ophiolitic diamonds.Additionally,the reason for the strong deficitδ^(13) C shown by the carbon isotope should be studied in the future.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City of China (No.18JCYBJC17700)
文摘A new,facile,and efficient way to prepare alkalinized g-C3N4 is presented.We calcined a mixture of KCl and melamine to obtain g-C3N4,whose in-plane structure was K+doped so that alkalinized samples could be obtained by treatment with different concentrations of KOH.The different samples were used to oxidize As(Ⅲ)in both visible light and natural light.The sample treated with 10 mol/L KOH showed the highest efficiency,converting all As(Ⅲ)into As(Ⅴ)within 120 min in both visible light and natural light,as the oxidative capacity of the As(Ⅲ)in the alkalinized samples was significantly higher than that of the original samples.K+doping improved the electron transport capacity of the samples,while the alkalinized samples could destroy their edge structures,so as to improve the separation efficiency of the photogenerated carrier.The experiment confirmed that alkalinized g-C3N4 significantly improves the oxidation ability of As(Ⅲ)and plays an important role in the photocatalytic treatment of refractory nonmetallic ions.
