A more effective and accurate improved Sobel algorithm has been developed to detect surface defects on heavy rails. The proposed method can make up for the mere sensitivity to X and Y directions of the Sobel algorithm...A more effective and accurate improved Sobel algorithm has been developed to detect surface defects on heavy rails. The proposed method can make up for the mere sensitivity to X and Y directions of the Sobel algorithm by adding six templates at different directions. Meanwhile, an experimental platform for detecting surface defects consisting of the bed-jig, image-forming system with CCD cameras and light sources, parallel computer system and cable system has been constructed. The detection results of the backfin defects show that the improved Sobel algorithm can achieve an accurate and efficient positioning with decreasing interference noises to the defect edge. It can also extract more precise features and characteristic parameters of the backfin defect. Furthermore, the BP neural network adopted for defects classification with the inputting characteristic parameters of improved Sobel algorithm can obtain the optimal training precision of 0.0095827 with 106 iterative steps and time of 3 s less than Sobel algorithm with 146 steps and 5 s. Finally, an enhanced identification rate of 10% for the defects is also confirmed after the Sobel algorithm is improved.展开更多
The integrated circuit chip with high performance has a high sensitivity to the defects in manufacturing environments.When there are defects on a wafer,the defects may lead to the degradation of chip performance.It is...The integrated circuit chip with high performance has a high sensitivity to the defects in manufacturing environments.When there are defects on a wafer,the defects may lead to the degradation of chip performance.It is necessary to design effective detection approaches for the defects in order to ensure the reliability of wafer.In this paper,a new method based on image boundary extraction is presented for the detection of defects on a wafer.The method uses island model genetic algorithms to perform the segmentation of wafer images,and gets the optimal threshold values.The island model genetic algorithm uses two distinct subpopulations,it is a coarse grain parallel model.The individuals migration can occur between the two subpopulations to share genetic materials.A lot of experimental results show that the defect detection method proposed in this paper can obtain the features of defects effectively.展开更多
The parallel algorithms of iterated defect correction methods (PIDeCM’s) are constructed, which are of efficiency and high order B-convergence for general nonlinear stiff systems in ODE’S. As the basis of constructi...The parallel algorithms of iterated defect correction methods (PIDeCM’s) are constructed, which are of efficiency and high order B-convergence for general nonlinear stiff systems in ODE’S. As the basis of constructing and discussing PIDeCM’s. a class of parallel one-leg methods is also investigated, which are of particular efficiency for linear systems.展开更多
Abstract Objective To develop a new technique for assessing the risk of birth defects, which are a major cause of infant mortality and disability in many parts of the world. Methods The region of interest in this stud...Abstract Objective To develop a new technique for assessing the risk of birth defects, which are a major cause of infant mortality and disability in many parts of the world. Methods The region of interest in this study was Heshun County, the county in China with the highest rate of neural tube defects （NTDs）. A hybrid particle swarm optimization/ant colony optimization （PSO/ACO） algorithm was used to quantify the probability of NTDs occurring at villages with no births. The hybrid PSO/ACO algorithm is a form of artificial intelligence adapted for hierarchical classification. It is a powerful technique for modeling complex problems involving impacts of causes. Results The algorithm was easy to apply, with the accuracy of the results being 69.5%＋7.02% at the 95% confidence level. Conclusion The proposed method is simple to apply, has acceptable fault tolerance, and greatly enhances the accuracy of calculations.展开更多
The correct rate of detection for fabric defect is affected by low contrast of images. Aiming at the problem,frequencytuned salient map is used to detect the fabric defect. Firstly,the images of fabric defect are divi...The correct rate of detection for fabric defect is affected by low contrast of images. Aiming at the problem,frequencytuned salient map is used to detect the fabric defect. Firstly,the images of fabric defect are divided into blocks. Then,the blocks are highlighted by frequency-tuned salient algorithm. Simultaneously,gray-level co-occurrence matrix is used to extract the characteristic value of each rectangular patch. Finally,PNN is used to detect the defect on the fabric image. The performance of proposed algorithm is estimated off-line by two sets of fabric defect images. The theoretical argument is supported by experimental results.展开更多
针对车辆漆面缺陷检测精度低、检测算法参数量大、难易样本不均匀等问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv8的车辆漆面检测算法。首先,为了提升划痕状缺陷检测能力并降低模型规模,将DAT(Deformable Attention Transformer)注意力机制引入主干网络...针对车辆漆面缺陷检测精度低、检测算法参数量大、难易样本不均匀等问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv8的车辆漆面检测算法。首先,为了提升划痕状缺陷检测能力并降低模型规模,将DAT(Deformable Attention Transformer)注意力机制引入主干网络来增强长距离特征依赖关系,同时使用幻影卷积(GhostConv)替换网络中的卷积(Conv)模块。然后,为了提升特征提取能力并进一步降低模型规模,结合FasterBlock模块与高效多尺度注意力(EMA)机制提出C2f-E(C2f Based on EMA)模块。接着,为了提高小目标检测性能,基于双向特征金字塔网络(BiFPN)进行设计,并增加小目标检测头与多尺度特征融合支路,提出BiFPN-D(BiFPN with Small Object Detection Head)颈部金字塔结构。最后,为了解决难易样本的平衡问题并提高针对小目标缺陷的检测性能,使用WIoUv3(Wise-Intersection over Union version 3)作为训练网络的损失函数。在自建的车辆漆面缺陷数据集上进行训练并开展对比实验。实验结果表明,相较于YOLOv8n,改进模型的均值平均精度(mAP@0.5)提高了5.5百分点、规模减小了1.4×106。展开更多
基金Project(51174151)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2010Z19003)supported by the Major Scientific Research Program of Hubei Provincial Department of Education,ChinaProject(2010CDB03403)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Hubei Province,China
文摘A more effective and accurate improved Sobel algorithm has been developed to detect surface defects on heavy rails. The proposed method can make up for the mere sensitivity to X and Y directions of the Sobel algorithm by adding six templates at different directions. Meanwhile, an experimental platform for detecting surface defects consisting of the bed-jig, image-forming system with CCD cameras and light sources, parallel computer system and cable system has been constructed. The detection results of the backfin defects show that the improved Sobel algorithm can achieve an accurate and efficient positioning with decreasing interference noises to the defect edge. It can also extract more precise features and characteristic parameters of the backfin defect. Furthermore, the BP neural network adopted for defects classification with the inputting characteristic parameters of improved Sobel algorithm can obtain the optimal training precision of 0.0095827 with 106 iterative steps and time of 3 s less than Sobel algorithm with 146 steps and 5 s. Finally, an enhanced identification rate of 10% for the defects is also confirmed after the Sobel algorithm is improved.
基金supported by Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (7005833)
文摘The integrated circuit chip with high performance has a high sensitivity to the defects in manufacturing environments.When there are defects on a wafer,the defects may lead to the degradation of chip performance.It is necessary to design effective detection approaches for the defects in order to ensure the reliability of wafer.In this paper,a new method based on image boundary extraction is presented for the detection of defects on a wafer.The method uses island model genetic algorithms to perform the segmentation of wafer images,and gets the optimal threshold values.The island model genetic algorithm uses two distinct subpopulations,it is a coarse grain parallel model.The individuals migration can occur between the two subpopulations to share genetic materials.A lot of experimental results show that the defect detection method proposed in this paper can obtain the features of defects effectively.
文摘The parallel algorithms of iterated defect correction methods (PIDeCM’s) are constructed, which are of efficiency and high order B-convergence for general nonlinear stiff systems in ODE’S. As the basis of constructing and discussing PIDeCM’s. a class of parallel one-leg methods is also investigated, which are of particular efficiency for linear systems.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41101431)the fourth installment special funding of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.201104003)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.20100470004)the State Key Funds of Social Science Project(Research on Disability Prevention Measurement in China,No.09&ZD072)
文摘Abstract Objective To develop a new technique for assessing the risk of birth defects, which are a major cause of infant mortality and disability in many parts of the world. Methods The region of interest in this study was Heshun County, the county in China with the highest rate of neural tube defects （NTDs）. A hybrid particle swarm optimization/ant colony optimization （PSO/ACO） algorithm was used to quantify the probability of NTDs occurring at villages with no births. The hybrid PSO/ACO algorithm is a form of artificial intelligence adapted for hierarchical classification. It is a powerful technique for modeling complex problems involving impacts of causes. Results The algorithm was easy to apply, with the accuracy of the results being 69.5%＋7.02% at the 95% confidence level. Conclusion The proposed method is simple to apply, has acceptable fault tolerance, and greatly enhances the accuracy of calculations.
文摘The correct rate of detection for fabric defect is affected by low contrast of images. Aiming at the problem,frequencytuned salient map is used to detect the fabric defect. Firstly,the images of fabric defect are divided into blocks. Then,the blocks are highlighted by frequency-tuned salient algorithm. Simultaneously,gray-level co-occurrence matrix is used to extract the characteristic value of each rectangular patch. Finally,PNN is used to detect the defect on the fabric image. The performance of proposed algorithm is estimated off-line by two sets of fabric defect images. The theoretical argument is supported by experimental results.
文摘针对车辆漆面缺陷检测精度低、检测算法参数量大、难易样本不均匀等问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv8的车辆漆面检测算法。首先,为了提升划痕状缺陷检测能力并降低模型规模,将DAT(Deformable Attention Transformer)注意力机制引入主干网络来增强长距离特征依赖关系,同时使用幻影卷积(GhostConv)替换网络中的卷积(Conv)模块。然后,为了提升特征提取能力并进一步降低模型规模,结合FasterBlock模块与高效多尺度注意力(EMA)机制提出C2f-E(C2f Based on EMA)模块。接着,为了提高小目标检测性能,基于双向特征金字塔网络(BiFPN)进行设计,并增加小目标检测头与多尺度特征融合支路,提出BiFPN-D(BiFPN with Small Object Detection Head)颈部金字塔结构。最后,为了解决难易样本的平衡问题并提高针对小目标缺陷的检测性能,使用WIoUv3(Wise-Intersection over Union version 3)作为训练网络的损失函数。在自建的车辆漆面缺陷数据集上进行训练并开展对比实验。实验结果表明,相较于YOLOv8n,改进模型的均值平均精度(mAP@0.5)提高了5.5百分点、规模减小了1.4×106。
