Background: Birds produce alarm calls to convey information about threats. Some Passerine alarm calls consist of several note strings, but few studies have examined their function. Previous studies have shown that Jap...Background: Birds produce alarm calls to convey information about threats. Some Passerine alarm calls consist of several note strings, but few studies have examined their function. Previous studies have shown that Japanese Tits(Parus minor) can alter the calling rate and number and combination of notes in response to predators. We previously found the combinations of note types in Japanese Tit alarm calls to be significantly different in response to the Sparrowhawk(Accipiter nisus) and Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus).Methods: Through playback experiments, we tested whether the note strings in Japanese Tit alarm calls to the Common Cuckoo have different functions in conveying information. The note strings of selected alarm calls were divided into the categories of C and D, and different calls were then constructed separately based on the two note string categories. Original alarm calls(C–D), C calls and D calls were played back to male Japanese Tits during the incubation period.Results: Male Japanese Tits had a significantly stronger response to C calls than to C–D calls, and they showed a significantly stronger response to both C and C–D calls than to D calls, suggesting that Japanese Tits discriminated between the C and D calls.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the C-and D-category note strings of Japanese Tit alarm calls to the Common Cuckoo have different functions, which supports the previous finding that different note strings in an alarm call can provide different information to receivers. However, the exact meanings of these note strings are not yet known, and further investigation is therefore required.展开更多
随着科学技术的不断发展,危险品实验室的安全问题日益引起人们的关注。为了提高实验室的安全性,基于射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)技术和紫蜂协议(ZigBee)技术设计了一种危险品实验室安全监测系统,以提高实验室的安全...随着科学技术的不断发展,危险品实验室的安全问题日益引起人们的关注。为了提高实验室的安全性,基于射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)技术和紫蜂协议(ZigBee)技术设计了一种危险品实验室安全监测系统,以提高实验室的安全性和管理效率。该系统通过RFID标签对实验室内的危险品进行追踪和管理,利用ZigBee技术实现实时的监测和报警功能。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31272331 and 31470458 to HW,31472013 and 31772453 to WL)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2412016KJ043)the Open Project Program of Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization(130028685)
文摘Background: Birds produce alarm calls to convey information about threats. Some Passerine alarm calls consist of several note strings, but few studies have examined their function. Previous studies have shown that Japanese Tits(Parus minor) can alter the calling rate and number and combination of notes in response to predators. We previously found the combinations of note types in Japanese Tit alarm calls to be significantly different in response to the Sparrowhawk(Accipiter nisus) and Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus).Methods: Through playback experiments, we tested whether the note strings in Japanese Tit alarm calls to the Common Cuckoo have different functions in conveying information. The note strings of selected alarm calls were divided into the categories of C and D, and different calls were then constructed separately based on the two note string categories. Original alarm calls(C–D), C calls and D calls were played back to male Japanese Tits during the incubation period.Results: Male Japanese Tits had a significantly stronger response to C calls than to C–D calls, and they showed a significantly stronger response to both C and C–D calls than to D calls, suggesting that Japanese Tits discriminated between the C and D calls.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the C-and D-category note strings of Japanese Tit alarm calls to the Common Cuckoo have different functions, which supports the previous finding that different note strings in an alarm call can provide different information to receivers. However, the exact meanings of these note strings are not yet known, and further investigation is therefore required.
文摘随着科学技术的不断发展,危险品实验室的安全问题日益引起人们的关注。为了提高实验室的安全性,基于射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)技术和紫蜂协议(ZigBee)技术设计了一种危险品实验室安全监测系统,以提高实验室的安全性和管理效率。该系统通过RFID标签对实验室内的危险品进行追踪和管理,利用ZigBee技术实现实时的监测和报警功能。
