The demand response(DR)market,as a vital complement to the electricity spot market,plays a key role in evoking user-side regulation capability to mitigate system-level supply‒demand imbalances during extreme events.Wh...The demand response(DR)market,as a vital complement to the electricity spot market,plays a key role in evoking user-side regulation capability to mitigate system-level supply‒demand imbalances during extreme events.While the DR market offers the load aggregator(LA)additional profitable opportunities beyond the electricity spot market,it also introduces new trading risks due to the significant uncertainty in users’behaviors.Dispatching energy storage systems(ESSs)is an effective means to enhance the risk management capabilities of LAs;however,coordinating ESS operations with dual-market trading strategies remains an urgent challenge.To this end,this paper proposes a novel systematic risk-aware coordinated trading model for the LA in concurrently participating in the day-ahead electricity spot market and DR market,which incorporates the capacity allocation mechanism of ESS based on market clearing rules to jointly formulate bidding and pricing decisions for the dual market.First,the intrinsic coupling characteristics of the LA participating in the dual market are analyzed,and a joint optimization framework for formulating bidding and pricing strategies that integrates ESS facilities is proposed.Second,an uncertain user response model is developed based on price‒response mechanisms,and actual market settlement rules accounting for under-and over-responses are employed to calculate trading revenues,where possible revenue losses are quantified via conditional value at risk.Third,by imposing these terms and the capacity allocation mechanism of ESS,the risk-aware stochastic coordinated trading model of the LA is built,where the bidding and pricing strategies in the dual model that trade off risk and profit are derived.The simulation results of a case study validate the effectiveness of the proposed trading strategy in controlling trading risk and improving the trading income of the LA.展开更多
Pressure has been introduced into power systems owing to the intermittent and uncertain nature of renewable energy.As a result,energy resource aggregators are emerging in the electricity market to realize sustainable ...Pressure has been introduced into power systems owing to the intermittent and uncertain nature of renewable energy.As a result,energy resource aggregators are emerging in the electricity market to realize sustainable and economic advantages through distributed generation,energy storage,and demand response resources.However,resource aggregators face the challenge of dealing with the uncertainty of renewable energy generation and setting appropriate incentives to exploit substantial energy flexibility in the building sector.In this study,a risk-aware optimal dispatch strategy that integrates probabilistic renewable energy prediction and bi-level building flexibility engagements is proposed.A natural gradient boosting algorithm(NGBoost),which requires no prior knowledge of uncertain variables,was adopted to develop a probabilistic photovoltaic(PV)forecasting model.The lack of suitable flexibility incentives is addressed by a novel interactive flexibility engagement scheme that can take into account building users'willingness and optimize the building flexibility provision.The chance-constrained programming method was applied to manage the supply-demand balance of the resource aggregator and ensure risk-aware decision-making in power dispatch.The case study results show the strong economic and environmental performance of the proposed strategy.The proposed strategy leads to a win-win situation in which profit increases through a load reduction of 13% and a carbon emission reduction of 3% is achieved for different stakeholders,which also shows a trade-off between the economic benefits and the risk of supply shortage.展开更多
There is uncertainty in the electricity price of spot electricity market,which makes load aggregators undertake price risks for their agent users.In order to allow load aggregators to reduce the spot market price risk...There is uncertainty in the electricity price of spot electricity market,which makes load aggregators undertake price risks for their agent users.In order to allow load aggregators to reduce the spot market price risk,scholars have proposed many solutions,such as improving the declaration decision-making model,signing power mutual insurance contracts,and adding energy storage and mobilizing demand-side resources to respond.In terms of demand side,calling flexible demand-side resources can be considered as a key solution.The user’s power consumption rights(PCRs)are core contents of the demand-side resources.However,there have been few studies on the pricing of PCR contracts and transaction decisions to solve the problem of price forecast deviation and to manage the uncertainty of spot market prices.In addition,in traditional PCR contracts,PCRs are mostly priced using a single price mechanism,that is,the power user is compensated for part of the electricity that was interrupted or reduced in power supply.However,some power users might engage in speculative behaviours under this mechanism.Further,for load aggregators,their price risk avoidance ability has not substantially improved.As a financial derivative,options can solve the above problems.In this article,firstly,the option method is used to build an option pricing optimization model for power consumption right contracts that can calculate the optimal option premium and strike price of option contracts of power consumption rights.Secondly,from the perspective of power users and load aggregators,a simulation model of power consumption right transaction decision-making is constructed.The results of calculation examples show that(1)Under the model in this article,the pricing of option contracts for power consumption rights with better risk aversion capabilities than traditional compensation contracts can be obtained.(2)The decision to sell or purchase the power consumption rights will converge at respective highvalue periods,and option contracts will expedite the process.(3)Option contracts can significantly reduce the loss caused by the uncertainty of spot electricity prices for load aggregators without reducing users’willingness to sell power consumption rights.展开更多
The proliferation of electric vehicles(EVs)introduces transformative opportunities and challenges for the stability of distribution networks.Unregulated EV charging will further exacerbate the inherent three-phase imb...The proliferation of electric vehicles(EVs)introduces transformative opportunities and challenges for the stability of distribution networks.Unregulated EV charging will further exacerbate the inherent three-phase imbalance of the power grid,while regulated EV charging will alleviate such imbalance.To systematically address this challenge,this study proposes a two-stage bidding strategy with dispatch potential of electric vehicle aggregators(EVAs).By constructing a coordinated framework that integrates the day-ahead and real-time markets,the proposed two-stage bidding strategy reconfigures distributed EVA clusters into a controllable dynamic energy storage system,with a particular focus on dynamic compensation for deviations between scheduled and real-time operations.A bilevel Stackelberg game resolves three-phase imbalance by achieving Nash equilibrium for inter-phase balance,with Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)conditions and mixed-integer secondorder cone programming(MISOCP)ensuring feasible solutions.The proposed coordinated framework is validated with different bidding modes includes independent bidding,full price acceptance,and cooperative bidding modes.The proposed twostage bidding strategy provides an EVA-based coordinated scheduling solution that balances the economic efficiency and phase stability in electricity market.展开更多
Thermostatically controlled loads(TCLs)are regarded as having potential to participate in power grid regulation.This paper proposes a scheduling strategy with three-stage optimization for regional aggregators jointly ...Thermostatically controlled loads(TCLs)are regarded as having potential to participate in power grid regulation.This paper proposes a scheduling strategy with three-stage optimization for regional aggregators jointly participating in day-ahead scheduling to support demand response.The first stage is on the profit of aggregators and peak load of the grid.The line loss and voltage deviation of regulation are considered to ensure stable operation of the power grid at the second stage,which guarantees the fairness of the regulation and the comfort of users.A single tempera-ture adjustment strategy is used to control TCLs to maximize the response potential in the third stage.Finally,digital simulation based on the IEEE 33-bus distribution network system proves that the proposed three-stage scheduling strategy can keep the voltage deviation within±5%in different situations.In addition,the Gini coefficient of distribu-tion increases by 20%and the predicted percentage of dissatisfied is 48%lower than those without distribution.展开更多
Protein aggregates,mitochondrial import stress and neurodegenerative disorders:A salient hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases,including Parkinson’s disease,is the abundance of protein aggregates(Goiran et a...Protein aggregates,mitochondrial import stress and neurodegenerative disorders:A salient hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases,including Parkinson’s disease,is the abundance of protein aggregates(Goiran et al.,2022).This molecular event is believed to lead to activation of stress pathways ultimately resulting in cellular dysfunction(Eldeeb et al.,2022).Accordingly,many lines of research investigations focused on dampening the formation of protein aggregates or augmenting the clearance of protein aggregates as a potential therapeutic strategy to counteract the progression of neurodegenerative diseases,albeit with little success(Costa-Mattioli and Walter,2020).Cell stress cues such as the accumulation of protein aggregates lead to the activation of stress response pathways that aid cells in responding to the damage.Despite the notion that the transient activation of these pathways helps cells cope with stressors,persistent activation can induce unwanted apoptosis of cells and reduce overall tissue strength as well as lead to an accumulation of aggregation-prone proteins(Hetz and Papa,2018).Mutations in proteins involved in stress signaling termination can cause conditions like ataxia and early-onset dementia(Conroy et al.,2014).Therefore,it is crucial for stress response signaling to be turned off once conditions have improved.Nevertheless,the mechanisms by which cells silence these signals are still elusive.展开更多
Amyloid protein aggregation plays a major role in multiple neurodegenerative diseases and is likely the primary driving force for the progression of most of these diseases.Multiple recent studies have highlighted that...Amyloid protein aggregation plays a major role in multiple neurodegenerative diseases and is likely the primary driving force for the progression of most of these diseases.Multiple recent studies have highlighted that the DNAJ homolog subfamily B member 6(DNAJB6)chaperone is particularly interesting,when it comes to preventing amyloidogenic proteins from aggregating.It has been shown that DNAJB6 can prevent the aggregation of polyglutamine-expanded proteins in models of Huntington’s disease.Likewise,it can suppress aggregation ofα-synuclein in models of Parkinson’s disease and other synucleinopathies.Finally,it has been shown that DNAJB6 can block aggregation of multiple additional amyloid proteins involved in Alzheimer’s disease and other tauopathies as well.We believe there is yet much to learn about the protective role of DNAJB6 in the brain,but this focused review summarizes,what we know so far of this chaperone.It describes the biological role of DNAJB6 in the brain and its interaction with Hsp70,with particular emphasis on the studies that show its ability to prevent amyloid protein aggregation in vitro and in vivo.Moreover,recent work on dysregulation of the expression of DNAJB6 in brain clinical tissue is discussed.Finally,we discuss potential therapeutic perspectives as we believe this protein is a promising druggable target.展开更多
We investigated the effects of fly ash(FA)content on the mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete(RAC)and its regeneration potential under freeze and thaw(F-T)cycles.The physical properties of second-gener...We investigated the effects of fly ash(FA)content on the mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete(RAC)and its regeneration potential under freeze and thaw(F-T)cycles.The physical properties of second-generation recycled concrete aggregates(RCA)were used to analyze the regeneration potential of RAC after F-T cycles.Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the interfacial transition zone microstructure of RAC after F-T cycles.Results showed that adding 20%FA to RAC significantly enhanced its mechanical properties and frost resistance.Before the F-T cycles,the compressive strength of RAC with 20%FA reached 48.3 MPa,exceeding research strength target of 40 MPa.A majority of second-generation RCA with FA had been verified to attain class Ⅲ,which enabled their practical application in non-structural projects such as backfill trenches and road pavement.However,the second-generation RCA with 20%FA can achieve class Ⅱ,making it ideal for 40 MPa structural concrete.展开更多
Insight into the carbon turnover in soil aggregates and density fractions is essential for reducing the uncertainty in estimating carbon pools on the Tibetan Plateau,and how they vary with land use type is unclear.In ...Insight into the carbon turnover in soil aggregates and density fractions is essential for reducing the uncertainty in estimating carbon pools on the Tibetan Plateau,and how they vary with land use type is unclear.In this study,the effect of land use type on carbon storage and fractionation was quantified based on organic carbon and its ^(13)C abundance at the microscale of soil aggregates and density fractions in Tibetan alpine ecosystems.The sequence of soil aggregate destruction in the land use types of plantation(13.1%)<shrubland(32.7%)<grassland(47.9%)<farmland(61.8%)shows that plantations strengthen the soil structure.Plantation land had a greater contribution of light fraction organic carbon(28.3%)but a lower contribution of mineral-associated organic carbon(40.6%)to the carbon stock compared to farmland(13.5 and 70.3%).Interestingly,plantation land enhanced the aggregational differentiation of organic carbon and ^(13)C in each density fraction,whereas no such phenomenon existed in the soil organic carbon.Carbon isotope analyses revealed that carbon transfer in the plantation land occurred from the light fraction in macroaggregates(–24.9‰)to the mineral-associated fraction in microaggregates(–19.9‰).When compared to the other three land use types,the low transferability of carbon in aggregates and density fractions in plantation land provides a stable carbon pool for the Tibetan Plateau.This study shows that plantations can mitigate global climate change by slowing carbon transfer and increasing carbon storage at the microscale of aggregates and density fractions in alpine regions.展开更多
Crushing waste coral concrete into recycled aggregates to create recycled coral aggregate concrete(RCAC)contributes to sustainable construction development on offshore islands and reefs.To investigate the impact of re...Crushing waste coral concrete into recycled aggregates to create recycled coral aggregate concrete(RCAC)contributes to sustainable construction development on offshore islands and reefs.To investigate the impact of recycled coral aggregate on concrete properties,this study performed a comprehensive analysis of the physical properties of recycled coral aggregate and the basic mechanical properties and microstructure of RCAC.The test results indicate that,compared to coral debris,the crushing index of recycled coral aggregate was reduced by 9.4%,while porosity decreased by 33.5%.Furthermore,RCAC retained the early strength characteristics of coral concrete,with compressive strength and flexural strength exhibiting a notable increase as the water-cement ratio decreased.Under identical conditions,the compressive strength and flexural strength of RCAC were 12.7% and 2.5% higher than coral concrete's,respectively,with porosity correspondingly reduced from 3.13% to 5.11%.This enhancement could be attributed to the new mortar filling the recycled coral aggregate.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis revealed three distinct interface transition zones within RCAC,with the‘new mortar-old mortar’interface identified as the weakest.The above findings provided a reference for the sustainable use of coral concrete in constructing offshore islands.展开更多
As renewable energy penetration continues to rise,enhancing power system flexibility has become a critical requirement.Photovoltaic–storage–charging stations(PSCSs)are key components for enhancing local regulation c...As renewable energy penetration continues to rise,enhancing power system flexibility has become a critical requirement.Photovoltaic–storage–charging stations(PSCSs)are key components for enhancing local regulation capability and promoting renewable integration.However,evaluating the adjustable capability of such hybrid stations while considering security constraints remains a major challenge.This paper first analyzes the adjustable capabilities of all the resources within such a station based on the power-energy boundary(PEB)model.Then,an optimal formulation is proposed to obtain the adjusted parameters of the aggregate feasible region(AFR)model,which embeds low-dimensional linear models within high-dimensional linear models to improve the accuracy.To solve this formulation,it is transformed using duality theory and an alternating optimization algorithm is designed to obtain the solution.Finally,a multi-station adjustable capability aggregation method considering security constraints is introduced.Simulation results verify that the proposed method effectively reduces infeasible regions and improves smoothness of aggregated boundaries,providing an accurate and practical tool for flexibility evaluation in PSCSs and offering guidance for aggregators and system planners.展开更多
Enhancing soil organic carbon(SOC)stocks is a key aspect of modern agriculture,but whether this can be achieved by incorporating legume green manure crops in cereal production to substitute synthetic N fertilizers is ...Enhancing soil organic carbon(SOC)stocks is a key aspect of modern agriculture,but whether this can be achieved by incorporating legume green manure crops in cereal production to substitute synthetic N fertilizers is unknown.This study used a six-year(2017-2022)field study to explore the impacts of intercropping green manure with maize and reducing nitrogen fertilization on SOC stocks,while specifically focusing on the relationship between aggregate composition and carbon sequestration.Maize intercropped with common vetch(M/V),maize intercropped with rapeseed(M/R),and sole maize(M),were each tested at conventional(N2,360 kg ha^(-1))and reduced(N1,270 kg ha^(-1),25% reduced)N application rates.Soil was sampled in 2020,2021,and 2022.Compared with sole maize,intercropping with green manure(M/V and M/R)significantly increased SOC stocks which compensated for any negative effect due to the 25% reduction in N application.Based on 3-year averages,intercropping with M/V and M/R increased the SOC content compared to sole maize(M)by 12.1 and 9.1%,respectively,with intercropping further mitigating the negative impact of reduced nitrogen application.There was no significant difference between M/V and M/R.The SOC content at N1 was reduced by 9.3-10.5%compared to that at N2 in sole maize,but the differences in SOC stocks between N1 and N2 were not significant in the intercropping patterns(M/V and M/R).The intercropped M/V and M/R showed 20.9 and 16.3% higher SOC contents compared to sole maize at N1,with no differences at N2.Intercropping green manure led to a 5.3% greater SOC in the 0-20 cm depth soil in 2022 compared to that in 2020,due to the cumulative effect of two years of green manure intercropping.Intercropping green manure(M/V and M/R)increased the proportion of macroaggregates(>0.25 mm)and aggregate stability while reducing the proportion of microaggregates compared to sole maize under the N1 application.Structural equation modeling indicated that cropping patterns and nitrogen application levels mainly affect SOC indirectly by regulating the composition of macroaggregates and aggregate organic carbon(AOC).Correlation analysis further revealed that the composition of macroaggregates is significantly and positively correlated with the SOC content(R^(2)=0.64).In addition,intercropping green manure can maintain high crop yields by increasing SOC under reduced chemical nitrogen application.The results of this study show that intercropping green manure with grain crops can be a viable measure for increasing SOC sinks and maize productivity by optimizing the aggregate composition with reduced N application in the Hexi Oasis Irrigation Area.展开更多
Neuroinflammation is a key process in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases,such as multiple sclerosis(MS),Alzheimer's disease,and traumatic brain injury.Even for disorders historically unrelated ...Neuroinflammation is a key process in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases,such as multiple sclerosis(MS),Alzheimer's disease,and traumatic brain injury.Even for disorders historically unrelated to neuroinflammation,such as Alzheimer's disease,it is now shown to precede pathological protein aggregations.展开更多
The practical application of lithium metal batteries(LMBs)requires electrolytes that simultaneously ensure high safety and interfacial stability.Although locally concentrated ionic liquid electrolytes(LCILEs)exhibit e...The practical application of lithium metal batteries(LMBs)requires electrolytes that simultaneously ensure high safety and interfacial stability.Although locally concentrated ionic liquid electrolytes(LCILEs)exhibit exceptional electrochemical stability and compatibility with electrode electrolyte interfaces(EEIs),two major challenges persist:(i)safety risks caused by excessive low-flash-point diluents,and(ii)insufficient understanding of how diluents modulate solvation structures.Herein,we introduce a low-diluent-content LCILE system composed of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)salt,N-methyl-N-propyl-pyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(Pyr_(13)FSI)ionic liquid,and trifluoromethanesulfonate(TFS)diluent.The TFS diluent strengthens ion-ion interactions by lowering the dielectric constant of the electrolyte,resulting in the formation of a unique nanometric anion aggregates(N-AGGs)reinforced solvation structure.These large anionic clusters exhibit accelerated redox decomposition kinetics,facilitating the rapid formation of a thin,dense,and low-impedance EEI.Consequently,the Li/LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)coin cell achieves 87.8%capacity retention over 300 cycles at 4.3 V,while a practical 1.4 Ah Li/NCM622 pouch cell retains 84.5%capacity after 80 cycles at 4.5 V.Furthermore,the electrolyte demonstrates exceptional safety,and 2 Ah Li metal pouch cells successfully pass rigorous nail penetration tests without any ignition or explosion.This work not only provides a design strategy for intrinsically safe and high-performance electrolytes but also highlights the critical role of anion cluster decomposition kinetics in shaping EEI formation.展开更多
Autophagy is well-known for delivering cargo materials to lysosomes for proteolytic digestion.Recently,autophagy has emerged as a key mechanism in unconventional protein secretion(UPS).This perspective introduces unco...Autophagy is well-known for delivering cargo materials to lysosomes for proteolytic digestion.Recently,autophagy has emerged as a key mechanism in unconventional protein secretion(UPS).This perspective introduces unconventional secretion pathways,focusing on secretory autophagy and its role in secreting protein aggregates associated with neurodegenerative disorders.We also explore additional neuronal functions of secretory autophagy beyond the release of protein aggregates.We propose autophagosomes as transport organelles that deliver cargo material directly from the endoplasmatic reticulum(ER)to the plasma membrane rather than solely to lysosomes.展开更多
Graph Neural Networks(GNNs),as a deep learning framework specifically designed for graph-structured data,have achieved deep representation learning of graph data through message passing mechanisms and have become a co...Graph Neural Networks(GNNs),as a deep learning framework specifically designed for graph-structured data,have achieved deep representation learning of graph data through message passing mechanisms and have become a core technology in the field of graph analysis.However,current reviews on GNN models are mainly focused on smaller domains,and there is a lack of systematic reviews on the classification and applications of GNN models.This review systematically synthesizes the three canonical branches of GNN,Graph Convolutional Network(GCN),Graph Attention Network(GAT),and Graph Sampling Aggregation Network(GraphSAGE),and analyzes their integration pathways from both structural and feature perspectives.Drawing on representative studies,we identify three major integration patterns:cascaded fusion,where heterogeneous modules such as Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM),and GraphSAGE are sequentially combined for hierarchical feature learning;parallel fusion,where multi-branch architectures jointly encode complementary graph features;and feature-level fusion,which employs concatenation,weighted summation,or attention-based gating to adaptively merge multi-source embeddings.Through these patterns,integrated GNNs achieve enhanced expressiveness,robustness,and scalability across domains including transportation,biomedicine,and cybersecurity.展开更多
In power market environment,the growing importance of demand response(DR)and renewable energy source(RES)attracts more for-profit DR and RES aggregators to compete with each other to maximize their profit.Meanwhile,th...In power market environment,the growing importance of demand response(DR)and renewable energy source(RES)attracts more for-profit DR and RES aggregators to compete with each other to maximize their profit.Meanwhile,the intermittent natures of these alternative sources along with the competition add to the probable financial risk of the aggregators.The objective of the paper is to highlight this financial risk of aggregators in such uncertain environment while estimating DR magnitude and power generated by RES.This work develops DR modeling incorporating the effect of estimating power at different confidence levels and uncertain participation of customers.In this paper,two well-known risk assessment techniques,value at risk and conditional value at risk,are applied to predict the power from RES and DR programs at a particular level of risk in different scenarios generated by Monte Carlo method.To establish the linkage between financial risk taking ability of individuals,the aggregators are classified into risk neutral aggregator,risk averse aggregator and risk taking aggregator.The paper uses data from Indian Energy Exchange to produce realistic results and refers certain policies of Indian Energy Exchange to frame mathematical expressions for benefit function considering uncertainties for each type of three aggregators.Extensive results show the importance of assessing the risks involved with two unpredictable variables and possible impacts on technical and financial attributes of the microgrid energy market.展开更多
Demand response(DR)has received much attention for its ability to balance the changing power supply and demand with flexibility.DR aggregators play an important role in aggregating flexible loads that are too small to...Demand response(DR)has received much attention for its ability to balance the changing power supply and demand with flexibility.DR aggregators play an important role in aggregating flexible loads that are too small to participate in electricity markets.In this work,a DR operation framework is presented to enable local management of customers to participate in electricity market.A novel optimization model is proposed for the DR aggregator with multiple objectives.On one hand,it attempts to obtain the optimal design of different DR contracts as well as the portfolio management so that the DR aggregator can maximize its profit.On the other hand,the customers’welfare should be maximized to incentivize users to enroll in DR programs which ensure the effective and flexible load control.The consumer psychology is introduced to model the consumers’behavior during contract signing.Several simulation studies are performed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed model.The results illustrate that the proposed model can ensure the profit of the DR aggregator whereas the customers’welfare is considered.展开更多
With the rapid integration of distributed energy resources(DERs),distribution utilities are faced with new and unprecedented issues.New challenges introduced by high penetra-tion of DERs range from poor observability ...With the rapid integration of distributed energy resources(DERs),distribution utilities are faced with new and unprecedented issues.New challenges introduced by high penetra-tion of DERs range from poor observability to overload and reverse power flow problems,under-/over-voltages,maloperation of legacy protection systems,and requirements for new planning procedures.Distribution utility personnel are not adequately trained,and legacy control centers are not properly equipped to cope with these issues.Fortunately,distribution energy resource management systems(DERMSs)are emerging software technologies aimed to provide distribution system operators(DSOs)with a specialized set of tools to enable them to overcome the issues caused by DERs and to maximize the benefits of the presence of high penetration of these novel resources.However,as DERMS technology is still emerging,its definition is vague and can refer to very different levels of software hierarchies,spanning from decentralized virtual power plants to DER aggregators and fully centralized enterprise systems(called utility DERMS).Although they are all frequently simply called DERIMS,these software technologies have different sets of tools and aim to provide different services to different stakeholders.This paper explores how these different software technologies can complement each other,and how they can provide significant benefits to DSOs in enabling them to successfully manage evolving distribution networks with high penetration of DERs when they are integrated together into the control centers of distribution utilities.展开更多
In this paper we present a designated verifier-set signature(DVSS),in which the signer allows to designate many verifiers rather than one verifier,and each designated verifier can verify the validity of signature by h...In this paper we present a designated verifier-set signature(DVSS),in which the signer allows to designate many verifiers rather than one verifier,and each designated verifier can verify the validity of signature by himself.Our research starts from identity-based aggregator(IBA)that compresses a designated set of verifier’s identities to a constant-size random string in cryptographic space.The IBA is constructed by mapping the hash of verifier’s identity into zero or pole of a target curve,and extracting one curve’s point as the result of aggregation according to a specific secret.Considering the different types of target curves,these two IBAs are called as zeros-based aggregator and poles-based aggregator,respectively.Based on them,we propose a practical DVSS scheme constructed from the zero-pole cancellation method which can eliminate the same elements between zeros-based aggregator and poles-based aggregator.Due to this design,our DVSS scheme has some distinct advantages:(1)the signature supporting arbitrary dynamic verifiers extracted from a large number of users;and(2)the signature with short and constant length.We rigorously prove that our DVSS scheme satisfies the security properties:correctness,consistency,unforgeability and exclusivity.This is a preview of subscription content,log in to check access.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52407126).
文摘The demand response(DR)market,as a vital complement to the electricity spot market,plays a key role in evoking user-side regulation capability to mitigate system-level supply‒demand imbalances during extreme events.While the DR market offers the load aggregator(LA)additional profitable opportunities beyond the electricity spot market,it also introduces new trading risks due to the significant uncertainty in users’behaviors.Dispatching energy storage systems(ESSs)is an effective means to enhance the risk management capabilities of LAs;however,coordinating ESS operations with dual-market trading strategies remains an urgent challenge.To this end,this paper proposes a novel systematic risk-aware coordinated trading model for the LA in concurrently participating in the day-ahead electricity spot market and DR market,which incorporates the capacity allocation mechanism of ESS based on market clearing rules to jointly formulate bidding and pricing decisions for the dual market.First,the intrinsic coupling characteristics of the LA participating in the dual market are analyzed,and a joint optimization framework for formulating bidding and pricing strategies that integrates ESS facilities is proposed.Second,an uncertain user response model is developed based on price‒response mechanisms,and actual market settlement rules accounting for under-and over-responses are employed to calculate trading revenues,where possible revenue losses are quantified via conditional value at risk.Third,by imposing these terms and the capacity allocation mechanism of ESS,the risk-aware stochastic coordinated trading model of the LA is built,where the bidding and pricing strategies in the dual model that trade off risk and profit are derived.The simulation results of a case study validate the effectiveness of the proposed trading strategy in controlling trading risk and improving the trading income of the LA.
基金financially supported by the Collaborative Research Fund(C5018-20GF)of the Research Grant Council(RGC)of Hong Kong Special Administrative Regionthe Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission Grant(KCXST20221021111203007)。
文摘Pressure has been introduced into power systems owing to the intermittent and uncertain nature of renewable energy.As a result,energy resource aggregators are emerging in the electricity market to realize sustainable and economic advantages through distributed generation,energy storage,and demand response resources.However,resource aggregators face the challenge of dealing with the uncertainty of renewable energy generation and setting appropriate incentives to exploit substantial energy flexibility in the building sector.In this study,a risk-aware optimal dispatch strategy that integrates probabilistic renewable energy prediction and bi-level building flexibility engagements is proposed.A natural gradient boosting algorithm(NGBoost),which requires no prior knowledge of uncertain variables,was adopted to develop a probabilistic photovoltaic(PV)forecasting model.The lack of suitable flexibility incentives is addressed by a novel interactive flexibility engagement scheme that can take into account building users'willingness and optimize the building flexibility provision.The chance-constrained programming method was applied to manage the supply-demand balance of the resource aggregator and ensure risk-aware decision-making in power dispatch.The case study results show the strong economic and environmental performance of the proposed strategy.The proposed strategy leads to a win-win situation in which profit increases through a load reduction of 13% and a carbon emission reduction of 3% is achieved for different stakeholders,which also shows a trade-off between the economic benefits and the risk of supply shortage.
基金This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(Grant No.72174062)the 2018 Key Projects of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research,Ministry of Education,China(Grant No.18JZD032).The completion of this articlewas accomplished with the help of many teachers and classmates.We sincerely thank them for their help and guidance.
文摘There is uncertainty in the electricity price of spot electricity market,which makes load aggregators undertake price risks for their agent users.In order to allow load aggregators to reduce the spot market price risk,scholars have proposed many solutions,such as improving the declaration decision-making model,signing power mutual insurance contracts,and adding energy storage and mobilizing demand-side resources to respond.In terms of demand side,calling flexible demand-side resources can be considered as a key solution.The user’s power consumption rights(PCRs)are core contents of the demand-side resources.However,there have been few studies on the pricing of PCR contracts and transaction decisions to solve the problem of price forecast deviation and to manage the uncertainty of spot market prices.In addition,in traditional PCR contracts,PCRs are mostly priced using a single price mechanism,that is,the power user is compensated for part of the electricity that was interrupted or reduced in power supply.However,some power users might engage in speculative behaviours under this mechanism.Further,for load aggregators,their price risk avoidance ability has not substantially improved.As a financial derivative,options can solve the above problems.In this article,firstly,the option method is used to build an option pricing optimization model for power consumption right contracts that can calculate the optimal option premium and strike price of option contracts of power consumption rights.Secondly,from the perspective of power users and load aggregators,a simulation model of power consumption right transaction decision-making is constructed.The results of calculation examples show that(1)Under the model in this article,the pricing of option contracts for power consumption rights with better risk aversion capabilities than traditional compensation contracts can be obtained.(2)The decision to sell or purchase the power consumption rights will converge at respective highvalue periods,and option contracts will expedite the process.(3)Option contracts can significantly reduce the loss caused by the uncertainty of spot electricity prices for load aggregators without reducing users’willingness to sell power consumption rights.
基金supported by Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(No.5400-202318246A-1-1-ZN)。
文摘The proliferation of electric vehicles(EVs)introduces transformative opportunities and challenges for the stability of distribution networks.Unregulated EV charging will further exacerbate the inherent three-phase imbalance of the power grid,while regulated EV charging will alleviate such imbalance.To systematically address this challenge,this study proposes a two-stage bidding strategy with dispatch potential of electric vehicle aggregators(EVAs).By constructing a coordinated framework that integrates the day-ahead and real-time markets,the proposed two-stage bidding strategy reconfigures distributed EVA clusters into a controllable dynamic energy storage system,with a particular focus on dynamic compensation for deviations between scheduled and real-time operations.A bilevel Stackelberg game resolves three-phase imbalance by achieving Nash equilibrium for inter-phase balance,with Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)conditions and mixed-integer secondorder cone programming(MISOCP)ensuring feasible solutions.The proposed coordinated framework is validated with different bidding modes includes independent bidding,full price acceptance,and cooperative bidding modes.The proposed twostage bidding strategy provides an EVA-based coordinated scheduling solution that balances the economic efficiency and phase stability in electricity market.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52007126 and No.U2166209).
文摘Thermostatically controlled loads(TCLs)are regarded as having potential to participate in power grid regulation.This paper proposes a scheduling strategy with three-stage optimization for regional aggregators jointly participating in day-ahead scheduling to support demand response.The first stage is on the profit of aggregators and peak load of the grid.The line loss and voltage deviation of regulation are considered to ensure stable operation of the power grid at the second stage,which guarantees the fairness of the regulation and the comfort of users.A single tempera-ture adjustment strategy is used to control TCLs to maximize the response potential in the third stage.Finally,digital simulation based on the IEEE 33-bus distribution network system proves that the proposed three-stage scheduling strategy can keep the voltage deviation within±5%in different situations.In addition,the Gini coefficient of distribu-tion increases by 20%and the predicted percentage of dissatisfied is 48%lower than those without distribution.
文摘Protein aggregates,mitochondrial import stress and neurodegenerative disorders:A salient hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases,including Parkinson’s disease,is the abundance of protein aggregates(Goiran et al.,2022).This molecular event is believed to lead to activation of stress pathways ultimately resulting in cellular dysfunction(Eldeeb et al.,2022).Accordingly,many lines of research investigations focused on dampening the formation of protein aggregates or augmenting the clearance of protein aggregates as a potential therapeutic strategy to counteract the progression of neurodegenerative diseases,albeit with little success(Costa-Mattioli and Walter,2020).Cell stress cues such as the accumulation of protein aggregates lead to the activation of stress response pathways that aid cells in responding to the damage.Despite the notion that the transient activation of these pathways helps cells cope with stressors,persistent activation can induce unwanted apoptosis of cells and reduce overall tissue strength as well as lead to an accumulation of aggregation-prone proteins(Hetz and Papa,2018).Mutations in proteins involved in stress signaling termination can cause conditions like ataxia and early-onset dementia(Conroy et al.,2014).Therefore,it is crucial for stress response signaling to be turned off once conditions have improved.Nevertheless,the mechanisms by which cells silence these signals are still elusive.
文摘Amyloid protein aggregation plays a major role in multiple neurodegenerative diseases and is likely the primary driving force for the progression of most of these diseases.Multiple recent studies have highlighted that the DNAJ homolog subfamily B member 6(DNAJB6)chaperone is particularly interesting,when it comes to preventing amyloidogenic proteins from aggregating.It has been shown that DNAJB6 can prevent the aggregation of polyglutamine-expanded proteins in models of Huntington’s disease.Likewise,it can suppress aggregation ofα-synuclein in models of Parkinson’s disease and other synucleinopathies.Finally,it has been shown that DNAJB6 can block aggregation of multiple additional amyloid proteins involved in Alzheimer’s disease and other tauopathies as well.We believe there is yet much to learn about the protective role of DNAJB6 in the brain,but this focused review summarizes,what we know so far of this chaperone.It describes the biological role of DNAJB6 in the brain and its interaction with Hsp70,with particular emphasis on the studies that show its ability to prevent amyloid protein aggregation in vitro and in vivo.Moreover,recent work on dysregulation of the expression of DNAJB6 in brain clinical tissue is discussed.Finally,we discuss potential therapeutic perspectives as we believe this protein is a promising druggable target.
基金Funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20220626)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52078068)+2 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of NIT(No.KCTD006)Jiangsu Marine Structure Service Performance Improvement Engineering Research CenterKey Laboratory of Jiangsu"Marine Floating Wind Power Technology and Equipment"。
文摘We investigated the effects of fly ash(FA)content on the mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete(RAC)and its regeneration potential under freeze and thaw(F-T)cycles.The physical properties of second-generation recycled concrete aggregates(RCA)were used to analyze the regeneration potential of RAC after F-T cycles.Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the interfacial transition zone microstructure of RAC after F-T cycles.Results showed that adding 20%FA to RAC significantly enhanced its mechanical properties and frost resistance.Before the F-T cycles,the compressive strength of RAC with 20%FA reached 48.3 MPa,exceeding research strength target of 40 MPa.A majority of second-generation RCA with FA had been verified to attain class Ⅲ,which enabled their practical application in non-structural projects such as backfill trenches and road pavement.However,the second-generation RCA with 20%FA can achieve class Ⅱ,making it ideal for 40 MPa structural concrete.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42477044,32171648 and U23A2017)the Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Program,China (2025AFD451 and 2022CFB030)。
文摘Insight into the carbon turnover in soil aggregates and density fractions is essential for reducing the uncertainty in estimating carbon pools on the Tibetan Plateau,and how they vary with land use type is unclear.In this study,the effect of land use type on carbon storage and fractionation was quantified based on organic carbon and its ^(13)C abundance at the microscale of soil aggregates and density fractions in Tibetan alpine ecosystems.The sequence of soil aggregate destruction in the land use types of plantation(13.1%)<shrubland(32.7%)<grassland(47.9%)<farmland(61.8%)shows that plantations strengthen the soil structure.Plantation land had a greater contribution of light fraction organic carbon(28.3%)but a lower contribution of mineral-associated organic carbon(40.6%)to the carbon stock compared to farmland(13.5 and 70.3%).Interestingly,plantation land enhanced the aggregational differentiation of organic carbon and ^(13)C in each density fraction,whereas no such phenomenon existed in the soil organic carbon.Carbon isotope analyses revealed that carbon transfer in the plantation land occurred from the light fraction in macroaggregates(–24.9‰)to the mineral-associated fraction in microaggregates(–19.9‰).When compared to the other three land use types,the low transferability of carbon in aggregates and density fractions in plantation land provides a stable carbon pool for the Tibetan Plateau.This study shows that plantations can mitigate global climate change by slowing carbon transfer and increasing carbon storage at the microscale of aggregates and density fractions in alpine regions.
基金Funded by Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(No.2025GXNSFBA069565)Guangxi Science and Technology Program(No.AD25069101)Guangxi Bagui Scholars Fund。
文摘Crushing waste coral concrete into recycled aggregates to create recycled coral aggregate concrete(RCAC)contributes to sustainable construction development on offshore islands and reefs.To investigate the impact of recycled coral aggregate on concrete properties,this study performed a comprehensive analysis of the physical properties of recycled coral aggregate and the basic mechanical properties and microstructure of RCAC.The test results indicate that,compared to coral debris,the crushing index of recycled coral aggregate was reduced by 9.4%,while porosity decreased by 33.5%.Furthermore,RCAC retained the early strength characteristics of coral concrete,with compressive strength and flexural strength exhibiting a notable increase as the water-cement ratio decreased.Under identical conditions,the compressive strength and flexural strength of RCAC were 12.7% and 2.5% higher than coral concrete's,respectively,with porosity correspondingly reduced from 3.13% to 5.11%.This enhancement could be attributed to the new mortar filling the recycled coral aggregate.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis revealed three distinct interface transition zones within RCAC,with the‘new mortar-old mortar’interface identified as the weakest.The above findings provided a reference for the sustainable use of coral concrete in constructing offshore islands.
基金supported by Science and Technology Project of China Southern Power Grid Company(036000KK52222007(GDKJXM20222121)).
文摘As renewable energy penetration continues to rise,enhancing power system flexibility has become a critical requirement.Photovoltaic–storage–charging stations(PSCSs)are key components for enhancing local regulation capability and promoting renewable integration.However,evaluating the adjustable capability of such hybrid stations while considering security constraints remains a major challenge.This paper first analyzes the adjustable capabilities of all the resources within such a station based on the power-energy boundary(PEB)model.Then,an optimal formulation is proposed to obtain the adjusted parameters of the aggregate feasible region(AFR)model,which embeds low-dimensional linear models within high-dimensional linear models to improve the accuracy.To solve this formulation,it is transformed using duality theory and an alternating optimization algorithm is designed to obtain the solution.Finally,a multi-station adjustable capability aggregation method considering security constraints is introduced.Simulation results verify that the proposed method effectively reduces infeasible regions and improves smoothness of aggregated boundaries,providing an accurate and practical tool for flexibility evaluation in PSCSs and offering guidance for aggregators and system planners.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1700204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20218 and 32372238)+1 种基金the Modern Agro-Industry Technology Research System of China(CARS-22-G-12)the“Innovation Star”Program of Graduate Students in 2025 of Gansu Province,China(2025CXZX-749)。
文摘Enhancing soil organic carbon(SOC)stocks is a key aspect of modern agriculture,but whether this can be achieved by incorporating legume green manure crops in cereal production to substitute synthetic N fertilizers is unknown.This study used a six-year(2017-2022)field study to explore the impacts of intercropping green manure with maize and reducing nitrogen fertilization on SOC stocks,while specifically focusing on the relationship between aggregate composition and carbon sequestration.Maize intercropped with common vetch(M/V),maize intercropped with rapeseed(M/R),and sole maize(M),were each tested at conventional(N2,360 kg ha^(-1))and reduced(N1,270 kg ha^(-1),25% reduced)N application rates.Soil was sampled in 2020,2021,and 2022.Compared with sole maize,intercropping with green manure(M/V and M/R)significantly increased SOC stocks which compensated for any negative effect due to the 25% reduction in N application.Based on 3-year averages,intercropping with M/V and M/R increased the SOC content compared to sole maize(M)by 12.1 and 9.1%,respectively,with intercropping further mitigating the negative impact of reduced nitrogen application.There was no significant difference between M/V and M/R.The SOC content at N1 was reduced by 9.3-10.5%compared to that at N2 in sole maize,but the differences in SOC stocks between N1 and N2 were not significant in the intercropping patterns(M/V and M/R).The intercropped M/V and M/R showed 20.9 and 16.3% higher SOC contents compared to sole maize at N1,with no differences at N2.Intercropping green manure led to a 5.3% greater SOC in the 0-20 cm depth soil in 2022 compared to that in 2020,due to the cumulative effect of two years of green manure intercropping.Intercropping green manure(M/V and M/R)increased the proportion of macroaggregates(>0.25 mm)and aggregate stability while reducing the proportion of microaggregates compared to sole maize under the N1 application.Structural equation modeling indicated that cropping patterns and nitrogen application levels mainly affect SOC indirectly by regulating the composition of macroaggregates and aggregate organic carbon(AOC).Correlation analysis further revealed that the composition of macroaggregates is significantly and positively correlated with the SOC content(R^(2)=0.64).In addition,intercropping green manure can maintain high crop yields by increasing SOC under reduced chemical nitrogen application.The results of this study show that intercropping green manure with grain crops can be a viable measure for increasing SOC sinks and maize productivity by optimizing the aggregate composition with reduced N application in the Hexi Oasis Irrigation Area.
基金supported by FWO(Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek),grant number G07562NFWO(to BB)。
文摘Neuroinflammation is a key process in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases,such as multiple sclerosis(MS),Alzheimer's disease,and traumatic brain injury.Even for disorders historically unrelated to neuroinflammation,such as Alzheimer's disease,it is now shown to precede pathological protein aggregations.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0207300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22179142 and 22075314)+1 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Program(Grant No.BG 2024020).XPSWAXS and TOF-SIMS characterizations were supported by Nano-X(Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation,Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(SINANO),Suzhou 215123,China)。
文摘The practical application of lithium metal batteries(LMBs)requires electrolytes that simultaneously ensure high safety and interfacial stability.Although locally concentrated ionic liquid electrolytes(LCILEs)exhibit exceptional electrochemical stability and compatibility with electrode electrolyte interfaces(EEIs),two major challenges persist:(i)safety risks caused by excessive low-flash-point diluents,and(ii)insufficient understanding of how diluents modulate solvation structures.Herein,we introduce a low-diluent-content LCILE system composed of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)salt,N-methyl-N-propyl-pyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(Pyr_(13)FSI)ionic liquid,and trifluoromethanesulfonate(TFS)diluent.The TFS diluent strengthens ion-ion interactions by lowering the dielectric constant of the electrolyte,resulting in the formation of a unique nanometric anion aggregates(N-AGGs)reinforced solvation structure.These large anionic clusters exhibit accelerated redox decomposition kinetics,facilitating the rapid formation of a thin,dense,and low-impedance EEI.Consequently,the Li/LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)coin cell achieves 87.8%capacity retention over 300 cycles at 4.3 V,while a practical 1.4 Ah Li/NCM622 pouch cell retains 84.5%capacity after 80 cycles at 4.5 V.Furthermore,the electrolyte demonstrates exceptional safety,and 2 Ah Li metal pouch cells successfully pass rigorous nail penetration tests without any ignition or explosion.This work not only provides a design strategy for intrinsically safe and high-performance electrolytes but also highlights the critical role of anion cluster decomposition kinetics in shaping EEI formation.
基金supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)grant LU 2347/3-1(to PL).
文摘Autophagy is well-known for delivering cargo materials to lysosomes for proteolytic digestion.Recently,autophagy has emerged as a key mechanism in unconventional protein secretion(UPS).This perspective introduces unconventional secretion pathways,focusing on secretory autophagy and its role in secreting protein aggregates associated with neurodegenerative disorders.We also explore additional neuronal functions of secretory autophagy beyond the release of protein aggregates.We propose autophagosomes as transport organelles that deliver cargo material directly from the endoplasmatic reticulum(ER)to the plasma membrane rather than solely to lysosomes.
基金funded by Guangzhou Huashang University(2024HSZD01,HS2023JYSZH01).
文摘Graph Neural Networks(GNNs),as a deep learning framework specifically designed for graph-structured data,have achieved deep representation learning of graph data through message passing mechanisms and have become a core technology in the field of graph analysis.However,current reviews on GNN models are mainly focused on smaller domains,and there is a lack of systematic reviews on the classification and applications of GNN models.This review systematically synthesizes the three canonical branches of GNN,Graph Convolutional Network(GCN),Graph Attention Network(GAT),and Graph Sampling Aggregation Network(GraphSAGE),and analyzes their integration pathways from both structural and feature perspectives.Drawing on representative studies,we identify three major integration patterns:cascaded fusion,where heterogeneous modules such as Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM),and GraphSAGE are sequentially combined for hierarchical feature learning;parallel fusion,where multi-branch architectures jointly encode complementary graph features;and feature-level fusion,which employs concatenation,weighted summation,or attention-based gating to adaptively merge multi-source embeddings.Through these patterns,integrated GNNs achieve enhanced expressiveness,robustness,and scalability across domains including transportation,biomedicine,and cybersecurity.
文摘In power market environment,the growing importance of demand response(DR)and renewable energy source(RES)attracts more for-profit DR and RES aggregators to compete with each other to maximize their profit.Meanwhile,the intermittent natures of these alternative sources along with the competition add to the probable financial risk of the aggregators.The objective of the paper is to highlight this financial risk of aggregators in such uncertain environment while estimating DR magnitude and power generated by RES.This work develops DR modeling incorporating the effect of estimating power at different confidence levels and uncertain participation of customers.In this paper,two well-known risk assessment techniques,value at risk and conditional value at risk,are applied to predict the power from RES and DR programs at a particular level of risk in different scenarios generated by Monte Carlo method.To establish the linkage between financial risk taking ability of individuals,the aggregators are classified into risk neutral aggregator,risk averse aggregator and risk taking aggregator.The paper uses data from Indian Energy Exchange to produce realistic results and refers certain policies of Indian Energy Exchange to frame mathematical expressions for benefit function considering uncertainties for each type of three aggregators.Extensive results show the importance of assessing the risks involved with two unpredictable variables and possible impacts on technical and financial attributes of the microgrid energy market.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51777030)in part by CURENT,a U.S.NSF/DOE Engineering Research Center+1 种基金through NSF under Award EEC-1081477the China Scholarship Council(No.201706090150)。
文摘Demand response(DR)has received much attention for its ability to balance the changing power supply and demand with flexibility.DR aggregators play an important role in aggregating flexible loads that are too small to participate in electricity markets.In this work,a DR operation framework is presented to enable local management of customers to participate in electricity market.A novel optimization model is proposed for the DR aggregator with multiple objectives.On one hand,it attempts to obtain the optimal design of different DR contracts as well as the portfolio management so that the DR aggregator can maximize its profit.On the other hand,the customers’welfare should be maximized to incentivize users to enroll in DR programs which ensure the effective and flexible load control.The consumer psychology is introduced to model the consumers’behavior during contract signing.Several simulation studies are performed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed model.The results illustrate that the proposed model can ensure the profit of the DR aggregator whereas the customers’welfare is considered.
基金the U.S.Department of Energy under Contract No.DE-AC36-08GO28308.
文摘With the rapid integration of distributed energy resources(DERs),distribution utilities are faced with new and unprecedented issues.New challenges introduced by high penetra-tion of DERs range from poor observability to overload and reverse power flow problems,under-/over-voltages,maloperation of legacy protection systems,and requirements for new planning procedures.Distribution utility personnel are not adequately trained,and legacy control centers are not properly equipped to cope with these issues.Fortunately,distribution energy resource management systems(DERMSs)are emerging software technologies aimed to provide distribution system operators(DSOs)with a specialized set of tools to enable them to overcome the issues caused by DERs and to maximize the benefits of the presence of high penetration of these novel resources.However,as DERMS technology is still emerging,its definition is vague and can refer to very different levels of software hierarchies,spanning from decentralized virtual power plants to DER aggregators and fully centralized enterprise systems(called utility DERMS).Although they are all frequently simply called DERIMS,these software technologies have different sets of tools and aim to provide different services to different stakeholders.This paper explores how these different software technologies can complement each other,and how they can provide significant benefits to DSOs in enabling them to successfully manage evolving distribution networks with high penetration of DERs when they are integrated together into the control centers of distribution utilities.
基金The work was supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Programs of China(2018YFB1402702 and 2017YFB0802500)the“13th”Five-Year National Cryptographic Development Foundation(MMJJ20180208)+1 种基金NSFC-Genertec Joint Fund For Basic Research(U1636104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61572132,61972032 and U1705264).
文摘In this paper we present a designated verifier-set signature(DVSS),in which the signer allows to designate many verifiers rather than one verifier,and each designated verifier can verify the validity of signature by himself.Our research starts from identity-based aggregator(IBA)that compresses a designated set of verifier’s identities to a constant-size random string in cryptographic space.The IBA is constructed by mapping the hash of verifier’s identity into zero or pole of a target curve,and extracting one curve’s point as the result of aggregation according to a specific secret.Considering the different types of target curves,these two IBAs are called as zeros-based aggregator and poles-based aggregator,respectively.Based on them,we propose a practical DVSS scheme constructed from the zero-pole cancellation method which can eliminate the same elements between zeros-based aggregator and poles-based aggregator.Due to this design,our DVSS scheme has some distinct advantages:(1)the signature supporting arbitrary dynamic verifiers extracted from a large number of users;and(2)the signature with short and constant length.We rigorously prove that our DVSS scheme satisfies the security properties:correctness,consistency,unforgeability and exclusivity.This is a preview of subscription content,log in to check access.
