随着人工智能(AI)技术的飞速发展与广泛应用,图书馆这一人类知识传承与服务的重要机构,正面临着前所未有的机遇与深刻挑战。AI的潜力在于能够显著提升图书馆的运营效率,并为用户提供更为个性化、智能化的服务。然而,行业转型、技术应用...随着人工智能(AI)技术的飞速发展与广泛应用,图书馆这一人类知识传承与服务的重要机构,正面临着前所未有的机遇与深刻挑战。AI的潜力在于能够显著提升图书馆的运营效率,并为用户提供更为个性化、智能化的服务。然而,行业转型、技术应用的实践困境以及馆员能力的适配等问题随之凸显,成为图书馆界亟待解决的课题。本文以第二十一届数智图书馆前沿问题高级研讨会(Advanced Digital Library Seminar,简称ADLS 2025)馆长论坛的核心研讨为脉络,结合业界与学术界的相关研究,系统探讨AI时代图书馆在资源建设、服务模式、空间布局及专业能力等维度发展的新路径与具体策略。此探讨旨在为图书馆在新时代的转型升级提供理论参考与实践指引,从而推动其在AI浪潮中的可持续发展与价值重塑,确保其在智能化信息环境中继续扮演关键角色。展开更多
With China’s rapidly aging population and the growing preference for aging in place,digital monitoring technologies have emerged as potential tools to support older adults in managing their activities of daily living...With China’s rapidly aging population and the growing preference for aging in place,digital monitoring technologies have emerged as potential tools to support older adults in managing their activities of daily living(ADLs).This study explores the perceptions and acceptance of these technologies among elderly individuals living alone and their informal caregivers(ICs)in Nanshan District,Shenzhen.Grounded in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT),the study employed semi-structured and photo-elicitation interviews to analyze how performance expectancy,effort expectancy,social influence,and facilitating conditions shape technology adoption.The findings reveal clear intergenerational differences:caregivers show higher acceptance and a better understanding of the benefits and functionalities of wearable and environmental monitoring devices,while older adults often express skepticism due to concerns over privacy,usability,and cost.Many elderly participants also cite discomfort,technical complexity,and lack of training as barriers to adoption.Despite these obstacles,both groups acknowledge the potential safety and health benefits of such technologies.The study highlights the need for privacy-by-design features,customized user interfaces,and enhanced digital literacy programs tailored to both elderly users and their caregivers.The research contributes to a sociotechnical understanding of aging-in-place technologies in China and provides actionable insights for developers,policymakers,and healthcare practitioners aiming to enhance home-based elder care.展开更多
级调度在线生命支持系统(advanced dispatch online life support system,ADLS)主要应用于在救护车到达之前,120调度员根据系统预案指导报警人第一时间采取力所能及的自救互救措施,包括电话指导的心肺复苏,通过“Follow me(跟我做)”的...级调度在线生命支持系统(advanced dispatch online life support system,ADLS)主要应用于在救护车到达之前,120调度员根据系统预案指导报警人第一时间采取力所能及的自救互救措施,包括电话指导的心肺复苏,通过“Follow me(跟我做)”的方式不间断在线语音指导,将急救前移至报警阶段,实现“报警即急救”,弥补院前急救的“空窗期”。展开更多
Rarer dementias are associated with atypical symptoms and younger onset,which result in a higher burden of care.We provide a review of the global literature on longitudinal decline in activities of daily living(ADLs)i...Rarer dementias are associated with atypical symptoms and younger onset,which result in a higher burden of care.We provide a review of the global literature on longitudinal decline in activities of daily living(ADLs)in dementias that account for less than 10%of dementia diagnoses.Published studies were identified through searches conducted in Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online(MEDLINE),Excerpta Medica Database(Embase),Excerpta Medica Care(Emcare),PsycINFO,and Cumulative Index in Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL).The search criteria included terms related to‘rarer dementias’,‘activities of daily living’and‘longitudinal or cross-sectional studies’following a predefined protocol registered.Studies were screened,and those that met the criteria were citation searched.Quality assessments were performed,and relevant data were extracted.20 articles were selected,of which 19 focused on dementias within the frontotemporal dementia/primary progressive aphasia spectrum,while one addressed posterior cortical atrophy.Four studies were cross-sectional and 16 studies were longitudinal,with a median duration of 2.2 years.The Disability Assessment for Dementia was used to measure decline in 8 of the 20 studies.The varied sequences of ADL decline reported in the literature reflect variation in diagnostic specificity between studies and within-syndrome heterogeneity.Most studies used Alzheimer’s disease staging scales to measure decline,which cannot capture variant-specific symptoms.To enhance care provision in dementia,ADL scales could be deployed postdiagnosis to aid treatment and planning.This necessitates staging scales that are variant-specific and span the disease course from diagnosis to end of life.展开更多
探讨早期康复护理对脑梗死患者神经功能缺损评分改善作用。方法 选取了40名平均年龄65.8岁,平均病程4.05年的脑梗死患者为观察组,接受早期康复护理,选择另40名平均年龄65.10岁,平均病程4.04年的患者作为对照组,接受常规护理。并将两组...探讨早期康复护理对脑梗死患者神经功能缺损评分改善作用。方法 选取了40名平均年龄65.8岁,平均病程4.05年的脑梗死患者为观察组,接受早期康复护理,选择另40名平均年龄65.10岁,平均病程4.04年的患者作为对照组,接受常规护理。并将两组患者的一般资料、ADL评分、NIHSS评分以及并发症发生率进行了比较。结果 与对照组相比,观察组的ADL评分(86.81±3.88vs 81.10±4.58)和NIHSS评分(7.45±2.12 vs 9.87±2.82)均得到显著改善(P<0.001),并且并发症的总发生率(10.00% vs 32.50%)明显降低(P=0.011)。结论 早期康复护理能够有效地改善脑梗死患者的ADL评分及NIHSS评分,且能够降低并发症的发生率,具有显著的临床疗效。展开更多
文摘随着人工智能(AI)技术的飞速发展与广泛应用,图书馆这一人类知识传承与服务的重要机构,正面临着前所未有的机遇与深刻挑战。AI的潜力在于能够显著提升图书馆的运营效率,并为用户提供更为个性化、智能化的服务。然而,行业转型、技术应用的实践困境以及馆员能力的适配等问题随之凸显,成为图书馆界亟待解决的课题。本文以第二十一届数智图书馆前沿问题高级研讨会(Advanced Digital Library Seminar,简称ADLS 2025)馆长论坛的核心研讨为脉络,结合业界与学术界的相关研究,系统探讨AI时代图书馆在资源建设、服务模式、空间布局及专业能力等维度发展的新路径与具体策略。此探讨旨在为图书馆在新时代的转型升级提供理论参考与实践指引,从而推动其在AI浪潮中的可持续发展与价值重塑,确保其在智能化信息环境中继续扮演关键角色。
文摘With China’s rapidly aging population and the growing preference for aging in place,digital monitoring technologies have emerged as potential tools to support older adults in managing their activities of daily living(ADLs).This study explores the perceptions and acceptance of these technologies among elderly individuals living alone and their informal caregivers(ICs)in Nanshan District,Shenzhen.Grounded in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology(UTAUT),the study employed semi-structured and photo-elicitation interviews to analyze how performance expectancy,effort expectancy,social influence,and facilitating conditions shape technology adoption.The findings reveal clear intergenerational differences:caregivers show higher acceptance and a better understanding of the benefits and functionalities of wearable and environmental monitoring devices,while older adults often express skepticism due to concerns over privacy,usability,and cost.Many elderly participants also cite discomfort,technical complexity,and lack of training as barriers to adoption.Despite these obstacles,both groups acknowledge the potential safety and health benefits of such technologies.The study highlights the need for privacy-by-design features,customized user interfaces,and enhanced digital literacy programs tailored to both elderly users and their caregivers.The research contributes to a sociotechnical understanding of aging-in-place technologies in China and provides actionable insights for developers,policymakers,and healthcare practitioners aiming to enhance home-based elder care.
文摘级调度在线生命支持系统(advanced dispatch online life support system,ADLS)主要应用于在救护车到达之前,120调度员根据系统预案指导报警人第一时间采取力所能及的自救互救措施,包括电话指导的心肺复苏,通过“Follow me(跟我做)”的方式不间断在线语音指导,将急救前移至报警阶段,实现“报警即急救”,弥补院前急救的“空窗期”。
基金supported by UKResearch and Innovation(MR/S03546X/1)National BrainAppeal,Economic and Social ResearchCouncil(ES/S010467/1)+4 种基金Wellcome Trust(221915/Z/20/Z),ESRC(ES/W006014/1)Royal National Institute for Deaf People-Dunhill Medical Trust Pauline Ashley(204841/Z/16/Z,PA23)London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre(221915/Z/20/Z)Bloomsbury and East London Doctoral Training Partnership(ES/P000592/1)National Institute for Health Research.
文摘Rarer dementias are associated with atypical symptoms and younger onset,which result in a higher burden of care.We provide a review of the global literature on longitudinal decline in activities of daily living(ADLs)in dementias that account for less than 10%of dementia diagnoses.Published studies were identified through searches conducted in Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online(MEDLINE),Excerpta Medica Database(Embase),Excerpta Medica Care(Emcare),PsycINFO,and Cumulative Index in Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL).The search criteria included terms related to‘rarer dementias’,‘activities of daily living’and‘longitudinal or cross-sectional studies’following a predefined protocol registered.Studies were screened,and those that met the criteria were citation searched.Quality assessments were performed,and relevant data were extracted.20 articles were selected,of which 19 focused on dementias within the frontotemporal dementia/primary progressive aphasia spectrum,while one addressed posterior cortical atrophy.Four studies were cross-sectional and 16 studies were longitudinal,with a median duration of 2.2 years.The Disability Assessment for Dementia was used to measure decline in 8 of the 20 studies.The varied sequences of ADL decline reported in the literature reflect variation in diagnostic specificity between studies and within-syndrome heterogeneity.Most studies used Alzheimer’s disease staging scales to measure decline,which cannot capture variant-specific symptoms.To enhance care provision in dementia,ADL scales could be deployed postdiagnosis to aid treatment and planning.This necessitates staging scales that are variant-specific and span the disease course from diagnosis to end of life.
文摘探讨早期康复护理对脑梗死患者神经功能缺损评分改善作用。方法 选取了40名平均年龄65.8岁,平均病程4.05年的脑梗死患者为观察组,接受早期康复护理,选择另40名平均年龄65.10岁,平均病程4.04年的患者作为对照组,接受常规护理。并将两组患者的一般资料、ADL评分、NIHSS评分以及并发症发生率进行了比较。结果 与对照组相比,观察组的ADL评分(86.81±3.88vs 81.10±4.58)和NIHSS评分(7.45±2.12 vs 9.87±2.82)均得到显著改善(P<0.001),并且并发症的总发生率(10.00% vs 32.50%)明显降低(P=0.011)。结论 早期康复护理能够有效地改善脑梗死患者的ADL评分及NIHSS评分,且能够降低并发症的发生率,具有显著的临床疗效。
