The accurate control for the vehicle height and leveling adjustment system of an electronic air suspension(EAS) still is a challenging problem that has not been effectively solved in prior researches. This paper propo...The accurate control for the vehicle height and leveling adjustment system of an electronic air suspension(EAS) still is a challenging problem that has not been effectively solved in prior researches. This paper proposes a new adaptive controller to control the vehicle height and to adjust the roll and pitch angles of the vehicle body(leveling control) during the vehicle height adjustment procedures by an EAS system. A nonlinear mechanism model of the full?car vehicle height adjustment system is established to reflect the system dynamic behaviors and to derive the system optimal control law. To deal with the nonlinear characters in the vehicle height and leveling adjustment processes, the nonlinear system model is globally linearized through the state feedback method. On this basis, a fuzzy sliding mode controller(FSMC) is designed to improve the control accuracy of the vehicle height adjustment and to reduce the peak values of the roll and pitch angles of the vehicle body. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method more accurately, the full?car EAS system model programmed using AMESim is also given. Then, the co?simulation study of the FSMC performance can be conducted. Finally, actual vehicle tests are performed with a city bus, and the test results illustrate that the vehicle height adjustment performance is effectively guaranteed by the FSMC, and the peak values of the roll and pitch angles of the vehicle body during the vehicle height adjustment procedures are also reduced significantly. This research proposes an effective control methodology for the vehicle height and leveling adjustment system of an EAS, which provides a favorable control performance for the system.展开更多
The attitude adjustment of rope system faces the challenging due to the difficulty in obtaining accurate three-dimensional(3D)mathematical model and solving by traditional methods.A set of adjustment systems is design...The attitude adjustment of rope system faces the challenging due to the difficulty in obtaining accurate three-dimensional(3D)mathematical model and solving by traditional methods.A set of adjustment systems is designed and used to investigate the automatic control for level or preset attitude adjustment of unknown weights and eccentric loads.The system principle and characteristics are analyzed.The 3D model is decomposed into two two-dimensional(2D)subsystems,and an adaptive fuzzy controller based on BP neural network and least squares(LSE)is designed.The simulation experiment uses MATLAB to train the level-adjustment data for testing algorithm,and a small load is used to verify the effectiveness of the system.The experimental results show that precise attitude adjustment can be achieved within the system load range,and the response speed is fast.This adjustment method provides a fast and effective method for precise adjustment of the load attitude.展开更多
Harmonic mode-locking(HML)in soliton fiber lasers is crucial for generating high-repetition-rate pulse trains beyond the fundamental cavity frequency,enabling advanced applications in,for example,optical communication...Harmonic mode-locking(HML)in soliton fiber lasers is crucial for generating high-repetition-rate pulse trains beyond the fundamental cavity frequency,enabling advanced applications in,for example,optical communication and precision sensing.However,achieving HML in experiments is challenging,owing to its inherent instability and high sensitivity to laser parameters,resulting in complex and iterative adjustments.In this paper,a novel HML technique utilizing bidirectional adjustment of pump power is proposed,and it is experimentally demonstrated in an all-fiber hybrid mode-locked soliton laser.By first increasing the pump power to generate a soliton bunch with a certain number of pulses and then gradually decreasing it,HML can be achieved at an order corresponding to the number of pulses in the soliton bunch.Experimental results on the evolution of temporal pulse trains during bidirectional adjustment of the pump power enable a relationship to be established between pump power and soliton bunching with increasing pump power,and reveal the collapse of the soliton bunch and subsequent gradual uniform distribution of solitons into an HML state with decreasing pump power.Second-to sixth-order HML is successfully generated using the proposed technique,and an analysis of the results provides a deeper understanding of the observed pulse dynamics.展开更多
The operational Tropical Regional Atmospheric Model System(TRAMS)often underestimates initial typhoon intensity when using the global analysis field as the initial condition.The TRAMS tropical cyclone(TC)initializatio...The operational Tropical Regional Atmospheric Model System(TRAMS)often underestimates initial typhoon intensity when using the global analysis field as the initial condition.The TRAMS tropical cyclone(TC)initialization scheme,developed based on the incremental analysis updates(IAU)technique,effectively reduces initial bias.However,the original IAU-based TC initialization scheme only adjusts the wind field at the analysis moment,with other variables adjusted implicitly under the model's constraints according to a gradually inserted wind increment(named“univariate adjustment scheme”hereafter).The univariate adjustment scheme requires approximately 3 h to reach a dynamic equilibrium state,which constrains the assimilation of hourly TC observations and causes excessive dissipation of meaningful short-wave information in adjustment increments.To address this limitation,this study develops a multivariate adjustment IAU-based TC initialization scheme that incorporates gradient wind balance and hydrostatic balance as its largescale constraints.Numerical experiments with TC Hato(2017)demonstrate that the multivariate adjustment scheme reduces the IAU relaxation time to 1 h while marginally improving forecast skill.These findings are consistently replicated across 12 additional TC cases.The development of the IAU-based multivariate adjustment initialization scheme establishes a foundation for 4-D initialization using hourly TC observations.展开更多
Chinese abbreviations improve communicative efficiency by extracting key components from longer expressions.They are widely used in both daily communication and professional domains.However,existing abbreviation gener...Chinese abbreviations improve communicative efficiency by extracting key components from longer expressions.They are widely used in both daily communication and professional domains.However,existing abbreviation generation methods still face two major challenges.First,sequence-labeling-based approaches often neglect contextual meaning by making binary decisions at the character level,leading to abbreviations that fail to capture semantic completeness.Second,generation-basedmethods rely heavily on a single decoding process,which frequently produces correct abbreviations but ranks them lower due to inadequate semantic evaluation.To address these limitations,we propose a novel two-stage frameworkwithGeneration–Iterative Optimization forAbbreviation(GIOA).In the first stage,we design aChain-of-Thought prompting strategy and incorporate definitional and situational contexts to generate multiple abbreviation candidates.In the second stage,we introduce a Semantic Preservation Dynamic Adjustment mechanism that alternates between character-level importance estimation and semantic restoration to optimize candidate ranking.Experiments on two public benchmark datasets show that our method outperforms existing state-of-the-art approaches,achieving Hit@1 improvements of 15.15%and 13.01%,respectively,while maintaining consistent results in Hit@3.展开更多
In image analysis,high-precision semantic segmentation predominantly relies on supervised learning.Despite significant advancements driven by deep learning techniques,challenges such as class imbalance and dynamic per...In image analysis,high-precision semantic segmentation predominantly relies on supervised learning.Despite significant advancements driven by deep learning techniques,challenges such as class imbalance and dynamic performance evaluation persist.Traditional weighting methods,often based on pre-statistical class counting,tend to overemphasize certain classes while neglecting others,particularly rare sample categories.Approaches like focal loss and other rare-sample segmentation techniques introduce multiple hyperparameters that require manual tuning,leading to increased experimental costs due to their instability.This paper proposes a novel CAWASeg framework to address these limitations.Our approach leverages Grad-CAM technology to generate class activation maps,identifying key feature regions that the model focuses on during decision-making.We introduce a Comprehensive Segmentation Performance Score(CSPS)to dynamically evaluate model performance by converting these activation maps into pseudo mask and comparing them with Ground Truth.Additionally,we design two adaptive weights for each class:a Basic Weight(BW)and a Ratio Weight(RW),which the model adjusts during training based on real-time feedback.Extensive experiments on the COCO-Stuff,CityScapes,and ADE20k datasets demonstrate that our CAWASeg framework significantly improves segmentation performance for rare sample categories while enhancing overall segmentation accuracy.The proposed method offers a robust and efficient solution for addressing class imbalance in semantic segmentation tasks.展开更多
To reduce the damages of pavement,vehicle components and agricultural product during transportation,an electric control air suspension height adjustment system of agricultural transport vehicle was studied by means of...To reduce the damages of pavement,vehicle components and agricultural product during transportation,an electric control air suspension height adjustment system of agricultural transport vehicle was studied by means of simulation and bench test.For the oscillation phenomenon of vehicle height in driving process,the mathematical model of the vehicle height adjustment system was developed,and the controller of vehicle height based on single neuron adaptive PID control algorithm was designed.The control model was simulated via Matlab/Simulink,and bench test was conducted.Results show that the method is feasible and effective to solve the agricultural vehicle body height unstable phenomenon in the process of switching.Compared with other PID algorithms,the single neuron adaptive PID control in agricultural transport vehicle has shorter response time,faster response speed and more stable switching state.The stability of the designed vehicle height adjustment system and the ride comfort of agricultural transport vehicle were improved.展开更多
[Objective] To analyze the efficiency of Hunan agro-ecosystem in 1980- 2010. [Method] This paper adopts the emergy methods to evaluate the emergy input and output. [Result] The growth of total emergy input was mainly ...[Objective] To analyze the efficiency of Hunan agro-ecosystem in 1980- 2010. [Method] This paper adopts the emergy methods to evaluate the emergy input and output. [Result] The growth of total emergy input was mainly caused by the auxiliary factors in this phase. The proportion of the nonrenewable purchased emergy input to the total auxiliary emergy input increased from 21.80% in 1980 to 33.04% in 2010. In 1980-2010 the total emergy output of the system increased by 2.43 times, the proportions of the stock farming emergy output and fishery emergy output to the total emergy output increased sharply, while those of the planting emergy output and forestry emergy output showed a considerable decline. [Conclusion] The emergy yield ratio of this system was improved but its sustainability was worrying.展开更多
In this paper,the structure of systematic and random errors in marine survey net are discussed in detail and the adjustment method for observations of marine survey net is studied,in which the rank_defect characterist...In this paper,the structure of systematic and random errors in marine survey net are discussed in detail and the adjustment method for observations of marine survey net is studied,in which the rank_defect characteristic is discovered first up to now.On the basis of the survey_line systematic error model,the formulae of the rank_defect adjustment model are deduced according to modern adjustment theory.An example of calculations with really observed data is carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of this adjustment model.Moreover,it is proved that the semi_systematic error correction method used at present in marine gravimetry in China is a special case of the adjustment model presented in this paper.展开更多
Modelling of migration and accumulation of elements Au and Ag in rocks under temperatures of 350–450°C and a confining pressure of 300 MPa and axial pressure of 100–150 MPa is conducted. It is found that the co...Modelling of migration and accumulation of elements Au and Ag in rocks under temperatures of 350–450°C and a confining pressure of 300 MPa and axial pressure of 100–150 MPa is conducted. It is found that the contents of gold and silver get higher in metallic sulphides such as pyrite, chalcopyrite and sphalerite as well as in quartz and muscovite, and get lower in chlorite, biotite, seriate, albite and calcite, showing that tectono-dynamics is one of the important factors for petrogenesis and metallogenesis.展开更多
The affection caused by the colored noises should be taken into account to the adjustment model.As useful signals,these colored noises should be accurately identified and extracted by Fourier analysis.A continuous adj...The affection caused by the colored noises should be taken into account to the adjustment model.As useful signals,these colored noises should be accurately identified and extracted by Fourier analysis.A continuous adjustment model is introduced with respect to the colored noises,and then it can be generalized from the finite space to the infinite space so called as Hilbert space.This extension is to provide a new technique to perform the continuous observational system design,Fourier analysis as well as the parameter estimation.It shows that the Gramer’s determinant provides maximization criteria in the system optimization design as well as a rule in diagnosing the adjustment model.Related with the definition of the integral,the least squares solution of the continuous adjustment model becomes the limit of the traditional least squares solution in finite space.Moreover,the influence caused by the colored noises is systematic,but it can be eliminated or compensated by optimally designing the observational system.展开更多
Power flow adjustment is a sequential decision problem.The operator makes decisions to ensure that the power flow meets the system's operational constraints,thereby obtaining a typical operating mode power flow.Ho...Power flow adjustment is a sequential decision problem.The operator makes decisions to ensure that the power flow meets the system's operational constraints,thereby obtaining a typical operating mode power flow.However,this decision-making method relies heavily on human experience,which is inefficient when the system is complex.In addition,the results given by the current evaluation system are difficult to directly guide the intelligent power flow adjustment.In order to improve the efficiency and intelligence of power flow adjustment,this paper proposes a power flow adjustment method based on deep reinforcement learning.Combining deep reinforcement learning theory with traditional power system operation mode analysis,the concept of region mapping is proposed to describe the adjustment process,so as to analyze the process of power flow calculation and manual adjustment.Considering the characteristics of power flow adjustment,a Markov decision process model suitable for power flow adjustment is constructed.On this basis,a double Q network learning method suitable for power flow adjustment is proposed.This method can adjust the power flow according to the set adjustment route,thus improving the intelligent level of power flow adjustment.The method in this paper is tested on China Electric Power Research Institute(CEPRI)test system.展开更多
The experiential adjustment process in an experiment on the ion source of the neutral beam injector system for the HT-7 Tokamak is reported in this paper. With regard to the data obtained in the same condition, in arr...The experiential adjustment process in an experiment on the ion source of the neutral beam injector system for the HT-7 Tokamak is reported in this paper. With regard to the data obtained in the same condition, in arranging the arc current intensities of every shot with a decay rank, the distributions of the arc current intensity correspond to the power laws, and the distribution obtained in the condition with the cryo-pump corresponds to the double Pareto distribution. Using the similar study method, the distributions of the arc duration are close to the power laws too. These power law distributions are formed rather naturally instead of being the results of purposeful seeking.展开更多
The photogrammetric bundle adjustment was used in data processing of electronic theodolite industrial surveying system by converting angular observations into virtual photo coordinates. The developed algorithm has abi...The photogrammetric bundle adjustment was used in data processing of electronic theodolite industrial surveying system by converting angular observations into virtual photo coordinates. The developed algorithm has ability of precision estimation and data snooping, do not need initial values of exterior orientation elements and object point coordinates. The form of control condition for the system is quite flexible. Neither centering nor leveling is the theodolite needed and the lay out of theodolite position is flexible when the system is used for precise survey. Experiments carried out in test field verify the validity of the data processing method. [展开更多
The Red-Thai Binh River system is an important water resource to the Northern Delta, serving the development of agriculture, people’s livelihood and other economic sectors through its upstream reservoirs and a system...The Red-Thai Binh River system is an important water resource to the Northern Delta, serving the development of agriculture, people’s livelihood and other economic sectors through its upstream reservoirs and a system of water abstraction works along the rivers. However, due to the impact of climate change and pressure from socio-economic development, the operation of the reservoir system according to Decision No. 740/QD-TTg was issued on June 17, 2019 by the Prime Minister of Government promulgating the Red-Thai Binh River system inter-reservoir operation rules (Operation rules 740) has some shortcomings that need adjustments for higher water use efficiency, meeting downstream water demand and power generation benefits. Through the results of water balance calculation and analysis of economic benefits from water use scenarios, this research proposed adjustment to the inter-reservoir operation during dry season in the Red River system. The result showed that an average water level of 1.0 - 1.7 m should be maintained at Hanoi during the increased release period.展开更多
In the context of post-stimulation shale gas wells,the terms“shut-in”and“flowback”refer to two critical phases that occur after hydraulic fracturing(fracking)has been completed.These stages play a crucial role in ...In the context of post-stimulation shale gas wells,the terms“shut-in”and“flowback”refer to two critical phases that occur after hydraulic fracturing(fracking)has been completed.These stages play a crucial role in determining both the well’s initial production performance and its long-term hydrocarbon recovery.By establishing a comprehensive big data analysis platform,the flowback dynamics of over 1000 shale gas wells were analyzed in this work,leading to the development of an index system for evaluating flowback production capacity.Additionally,a shut-in chart was created for wells with different types of post-stimulation fracture networks,providing a structured approach to optimizing production strategies.A dynamic analysis method for flowback was also developed,using daily pressure drop and artificial fracture conductivity as key indicators.This method offers a systematic and effective approach to managing the shut-in and flowback processes for gas wells.Field trials demonstrated significant improvements:the probability of sand production was reduced,gas breakthrough time was extended,artificial fracture conductivity was enhanced,and the average estimated ultimate recovery(EUR)per well increased.展开更多
This paper proposed a method of injection-production system adjustment to solve the problem that the water flooding effect was restricted because of the horizontal and vertical contradictions during the development pr...This paper proposed a method of injection-production system adjustment to solve the problem that the water flooding effect was restricted because of the horizontal and vertical contradictions during the development process of fault block reservoirs. Considering the heterogeneity of reservoir, the Buckley-Leverett water flooding theory was applied to establish the relationship between the recovery and cumulative water injection. In order to achieve the goal of vertically balanced recovery of each section, the calculation method of vertical sectional injection allocation was proposed. The planar triangular seepage unit was assumed and sweep coefficients of different oil-water distribution patterns were characterized using multi-flow tube method. In order to balance and maximize the plane sweep coefficient, the calculation method of plane production system optimization was obtained. Then the injection-production system stereoscopic adjustment method based on equilibrium displacement was proposed with vertical sectional injection allocation and plane production system optimization. This method was applied to injection and production adjustment of BZ oilfield in southern Bohai. The effect of water control and oil increase was obvious. This method can greatly improve the effect of water flooding of offshore fault block reservoirs with the adjustment of injection-production system.展开更多
China has a late start in personal income tax, and for many years through six times of revision, it still fails to really achieve the purpose of narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor and adjusting income dis...China has a late start in personal income tax, and for many years through six times of revision, it still fails to really achieve the purpose of narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor and adjusting income distribution. What follows is an analysis of personal adjustment tax income from the proportion of Gini coefficient, Engels coefficient and salaried class of personal income tax, and an explanation of problems and countermeasures of salaried class expense deduction standard, tax rate design, high-income crowd tax regulation.展开更多
IntroductionOwing to long-time running, more facilities including stations, pipelines, vessels have become corrosive and aged ,some process has grown old, it has exert more burden for the maintenance and repair.Simult...IntroductionOwing to long-time running, more facilities including stations, pipelines, vessels have become corrosive and aged ,some process has grown old, it has exert more burden for the maintenance and repair.Simultaneously, the fluid production rate, oil production rate and water injection rate has changed greatly so that the inflicts and problems from the established surface systems will become more obvious. Energy cost of production and running has increasing continuously. Capacity has been unbalance in systems and areas.展开更多
To realize effective co-phasing adjustment in large-aperture sparse-aperture telescopes,a multichannel stripe tracking approach is employed,allowing simultaneous interferometric measurements of multiple optical paths ...To realize effective co-phasing adjustment in large-aperture sparse-aperture telescopes,a multichannel stripe tracking approach is employed,allowing simultaneous interferometric measurements of multiple optical paths and circumventing the need for pairwise measurements along the mirror boundaries in traditional interferometric methods.This approach enhances detection efficiency and reduces system complexity.Here,the principles of the multibeam interference process and construction of a co-phasing detection module based on direct optical fiber connections were analyzed using wavefront optics theory.Error analysis was conducted on the system surface obtained through multipath interference.Potential applications of the interferometric method were explored.Finally,the principle was verified by experiment,an interferometric fringe contrast better than 0.4 is achieved through flat field calibration and incoherent digital synthesis.The dynamic range of the measurement exceeds 10 times of the center wavelength of the working band(1550 nm).Moreover,a resolution better than one-tenth of the working center wavelength(1550 nm)was achieved.Simultaneous three-beam interference can be achieved,leading to a 50%improvement in detection efficiency.This method can effectively enhance the efficiency of sparse aperture telescope co-phasing,meeting the requirements for observations of 8-10 m telescopes.This study provides a technological foundation for observing distant and faint celestial objects.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51375212,61601203)Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China+1 种基金Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2016149)Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(BK20140555)
文摘The accurate control for the vehicle height and leveling adjustment system of an electronic air suspension(EAS) still is a challenging problem that has not been effectively solved in prior researches. This paper proposes a new adaptive controller to control the vehicle height and to adjust the roll and pitch angles of the vehicle body(leveling control) during the vehicle height adjustment procedures by an EAS system. A nonlinear mechanism model of the full?car vehicle height adjustment system is established to reflect the system dynamic behaviors and to derive the system optimal control law. To deal with the nonlinear characters in the vehicle height and leveling adjustment processes, the nonlinear system model is globally linearized through the state feedback method. On this basis, a fuzzy sliding mode controller(FSMC) is designed to improve the control accuracy of the vehicle height adjustment and to reduce the peak values of the roll and pitch angles of the vehicle body. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method more accurately, the full?car EAS system model programmed using AMESim is also given. Then, the co?simulation study of the FSMC performance can be conducted. Finally, actual vehicle tests are performed with a city bus, and the test results illustrate that the vehicle height adjustment performance is effectively guaranteed by the FSMC, and the peak values of the roll and pitch angles of the vehicle body during the vehicle height adjustment procedures are also reduced significantly. This research proposes an effective control methodology for the vehicle height and leveling adjustment system of an EAS, which provides a favorable control performance for the system.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61605177)
文摘The attitude adjustment of rope system faces the challenging due to the difficulty in obtaining accurate three-dimensional(3D)mathematical model and solving by traditional methods.A set of adjustment systems is designed and used to investigate the automatic control for level or preset attitude adjustment of unknown weights and eccentric loads.The system principle and characteristics are analyzed.The 3D model is decomposed into two two-dimensional(2D)subsystems,and an adaptive fuzzy controller based on BP neural network and least squares(LSE)is designed.The simulation experiment uses MATLAB to train the level-adjustment data for testing algorithm,and a small load is used to verify the effectiveness of the system.The experimental results show that precise attitude adjustment can be achieved within the system load range,and the response speed is fast.This adjustment method provides a fast and effective method for precise adjustment of the load attitude.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52475574).
文摘Harmonic mode-locking(HML)in soliton fiber lasers is crucial for generating high-repetition-rate pulse trains beyond the fundamental cavity frequency,enabling advanced applications in,for example,optical communication and precision sensing.However,achieving HML in experiments is challenging,owing to its inherent instability and high sensitivity to laser parameters,resulting in complex and iterative adjustments.In this paper,a novel HML technique utilizing bidirectional adjustment of pump power is proposed,and it is experimentally demonstrated in an all-fiber hybrid mode-locked soliton laser.By first increasing the pump power to generate a soliton bunch with a certain number of pulses and then gradually decreasing it,HML can be achieved at an order corresponding to the number of pulses in the soliton bunch.Experimental results on the evolution of temporal pulse trains during bidirectional adjustment of the pump power enable a relationship to be established between pump power and soliton bunching with increasing pump power,and reveal the collapse of the soliton bunch and subsequent gradual uniform distribution of solitons into an HML state with decreasing pump power.Second-to sixth-order HML is successfully generated using the proposed technique,and an analysis of the results provides a deeper understanding of the observed pulse dynamics.
基金supported by the National University of Defense Technology(NUDT)Research Initiation Funding for High-Level Scientific and Technological Innovative Talents(202402-YJRC-LJ-001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2142213)+1 种基金the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grants 2025A1515011835,2022A1515011870)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42305167)。
文摘The operational Tropical Regional Atmospheric Model System(TRAMS)often underestimates initial typhoon intensity when using the global analysis field as the initial condition.The TRAMS tropical cyclone(TC)initialization scheme,developed based on the incremental analysis updates(IAU)technique,effectively reduces initial bias.However,the original IAU-based TC initialization scheme only adjusts the wind field at the analysis moment,with other variables adjusted implicitly under the model's constraints according to a gradually inserted wind increment(named“univariate adjustment scheme”hereafter).The univariate adjustment scheme requires approximately 3 h to reach a dynamic equilibrium state,which constrains the assimilation of hourly TC observations and causes excessive dissipation of meaningful short-wave information in adjustment increments.To address this limitation,this study develops a multivariate adjustment IAU-based TC initialization scheme that incorporates gradient wind balance and hydrostatic balance as its largescale constraints.Numerical experiments with TC Hato(2017)demonstrate that the multivariate adjustment scheme reduces the IAU relaxation time to 1 h while marginally improving forecast skill.These findings are consistently replicated across 12 additional TC cases.The development of the IAU-based multivariate adjustment initialization scheme establishes a foundation for 4-D initialization using hourly TC observations.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020AAA0109300)the Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of data intelligence technology(No.0232-A1-8900-24-13).
文摘Chinese abbreviations improve communicative efficiency by extracting key components from longer expressions.They are widely used in both daily communication and professional domains.However,existing abbreviation generation methods still face two major challenges.First,sequence-labeling-based approaches often neglect contextual meaning by making binary decisions at the character level,leading to abbreviations that fail to capture semantic completeness.Second,generation-basedmethods rely heavily on a single decoding process,which frequently produces correct abbreviations but ranks them lower due to inadequate semantic evaluation.To address these limitations,we propose a novel two-stage frameworkwithGeneration–Iterative Optimization forAbbreviation(GIOA).In the first stage,we design aChain-of-Thought prompting strategy and incorporate definitional and situational contexts to generate multiple abbreviation candidates.In the second stage,we introduce a Semantic Preservation Dynamic Adjustment mechanism that alternates between character-level importance estimation and semantic restoration to optimize candidate ranking.Experiments on two public benchmark datasets show that our method outperforms existing state-of-the-art approaches,achieving Hit@1 improvements of 15.15%and 13.01%,respectively,while maintaining consistent results in Hit@3.
基金supported by the Funds for Central-Guided Local Science and Technology Development(Grant No.202407AC110005)Key Technologies for the Construction of a Whole-Process Intelligent Service System for Neuroendocrine Neoplasm.Supported by 2023 Opening Research Fund of Yunnan Key Laboratory of Digital Communications(YNJTKFB-20230686,YNKLDC-KFKT-202304).
文摘In image analysis,high-precision semantic segmentation predominantly relies on supervised learning.Despite significant advancements driven by deep learning techniques,challenges such as class imbalance and dynamic performance evaluation persist.Traditional weighting methods,often based on pre-statistical class counting,tend to overemphasize certain classes while neglecting others,particularly rare sample categories.Approaches like focal loss and other rare-sample segmentation techniques introduce multiple hyperparameters that require manual tuning,leading to increased experimental costs due to their instability.This paper proposes a novel CAWASeg framework to address these limitations.Our approach leverages Grad-CAM technology to generate class activation maps,identifying key feature regions that the model focuses on during decision-making.We introduce a Comprehensive Segmentation Performance Score(CSPS)to dynamically evaluate model performance by converting these activation maps into pseudo mask and comparing them with Ground Truth.Additionally,we design two adaptive weights for each class:a Basic Weight(BW)and a Ratio Weight(RW),which the model adjusts during training based on real-time feedback.Extensive experiments on the COCO-Stuff,CityScapes,and ADE20k datasets demonstrate that our CAWASeg framework significantly improves segmentation performance for rare sample categories while enhancing overall segmentation accuracy.The proposed method offers a robust and efficient solution for addressing class imbalance in semantic segmentation tasks.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51375212,71373105)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20133227130001)+1 种基金Research and Innovation Project for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province of China(Grant No.CXZZ12_0663)Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.BK20131255)。
文摘To reduce the damages of pavement,vehicle components and agricultural product during transportation,an electric control air suspension height adjustment system of agricultural transport vehicle was studied by means of simulation and bench test.For the oscillation phenomenon of vehicle height in driving process,the mathematical model of the vehicle height adjustment system was developed,and the controller of vehicle height based on single neuron adaptive PID control algorithm was designed.The control model was simulated via Matlab/Simulink,and bench test was conducted.Results show that the method is feasible and effective to solve the agricultural vehicle body height unstable phenomenon in the process of switching.Compared with other PID algorithms,the single neuron adaptive PID control in agricultural transport vehicle has shorter response time,faster response speed and more stable switching state.The stability of the designed vehicle height adjustment system and the ride comfort of agricultural transport vehicle were improved.
基金Supported by Hunan Provincial Situation and Decision Consultation Project (2012BZZ16)National Social Science Fund of China(11BJY029)Youth Fund Project of Central South University of Forestry and Technology(2011ZB003)~~
文摘[Objective] To analyze the efficiency of Hunan agro-ecosystem in 1980- 2010. [Method] This paper adopts the emergy methods to evaluate the emergy input and output. [Result] The growth of total emergy input was mainly caused by the auxiliary factors in this phase. The proportion of the nonrenewable purchased emergy input to the total auxiliary emergy input increased from 21.80% in 1980 to 33.04% in 2010. In 1980-2010 the total emergy output of the system increased by 2.43 times, the proportions of the stock farming emergy output and fishery emergy output to the total emergy output increased sharply, while those of the planting emergy output and forestry emergy output showed a considerable decline. [Conclusion] The emergy yield ratio of this system was improved but its sustainability was worrying.
文摘In this paper,the structure of systematic and random errors in marine survey net are discussed in detail and the adjustment method for observations of marine survey net is studied,in which the rank_defect characteristic is discovered first up to now.On the basis of the survey_line systematic error model,the formulae of the rank_defect adjustment model are deduced according to modern adjustment theory.An example of calculations with really observed data is carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of this adjustment model.Moreover,it is proved that the semi_systematic error correction method used at present in marine gravimetry in China is a special case of the adjustment model presented in this paper.
文摘Modelling of migration and accumulation of elements Au and Ag in rocks under temperatures of 350–450°C and a confining pressure of 300 MPa and axial pressure of 100–150 MPa is conducted. It is found that the contents of gold and silver get higher in metallic sulphides such as pyrite, chalcopyrite and sphalerite as well as in quartz and muscovite, and get lower in chlorite, biotite, seriate, albite and calcite, showing that tectono-dynamics is one of the important factors for petrogenesis and metallogenesis.
基金National Science Foundation of China(41020144004,41104018)National High-tech R&D Program(2009AA121405,2012BAB16B01).
文摘The affection caused by the colored noises should be taken into account to the adjustment model.As useful signals,these colored noises should be accurately identified and extracted by Fourier analysis.A continuous adjustment model is introduced with respect to the colored noises,and then it can be generalized from the finite space to the infinite space so called as Hilbert space.This extension is to provide a new technique to perform the continuous observational system design,Fourier analysis as well as the parameter estimation.It shows that the Gramer’s determinant provides maximization criteria in the system optimization design as well as a rule in diagnosing the adjustment model.Related with the definition of the integral,the least squares solution of the continuous adjustment model becomes the limit of the traditional least squares solution in finite space.Moreover,the influence caused by the colored noises is systematic,but it can be eliminated or compensated by optimally designing the observational system.
文摘Power flow adjustment is a sequential decision problem.The operator makes decisions to ensure that the power flow meets the system's operational constraints,thereby obtaining a typical operating mode power flow.However,this decision-making method relies heavily on human experience,which is inefficient when the system is complex.In addition,the results given by the current evaluation system are difficult to directly guide the intelligent power flow adjustment.In order to improve the efficiency and intelligence of power flow adjustment,this paper proposes a power flow adjustment method based on deep reinforcement learning.Combining deep reinforcement learning theory with traditional power system operation mode analysis,the concept of region mapping is proposed to describe the adjustment process,so as to analyze the process of power flow calculation and manual adjustment.Considering the characteristics of power flow adjustment,a Markov decision process model suitable for power flow adjustment is constructed.On this basis,a double Q network learning method suitable for power flow adjustment is proposed.This method can adjust the power flow according to the set adjustment route,thus improving the intelligent level of power flow adjustment.The method in this paper is tested on China Electric Power Research Institute(CEPRI)test system.
基金Meg-science Engineering Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘The experiential adjustment process in an experiment on the ion source of the neutral beam injector system for the HT-7 Tokamak is reported in this paper. With regard to the data obtained in the same condition, in arranging the arc current intensities of every shot with a decay rank, the distributions of the arc current intensity correspond to the power laws, and the distribution obtained in the condition with the cryo-pump corresponds to the double Pareto distribution. Using the similar study method, the distributions of the arc duration are close to the power laws too. These power law distributions are formed rather naturally instead of being the results of purposeful seeking.
文摘The photogrammetric bundle adjustment was used in data processing of electronic theodolite industrial surveying system by converting angular observations into virtual photo coordinates. The developed algorithm has ability of precision estimation and data snooping, do not need initial values of exterior orientation elements and object point coordinates. The form of control condition for the system is quite flexible. Neither centering nor leveling is the theodolite needed and the lay out of theodolite position is flexible when the system is used for precise survey. Experiments carried out in test field verify the validity of the data processing method. [
文摘The Red-Thai Binh River system is an important water resource to the Northern Delta, serving the development of agriculture, people’s livelihood and other economic sectors through its upstream reservoirs and a system of water abstraction works along the rivers. However, due to the impact of climate change and pressure from socio-economic development, the operation of the reservoir system according to Decision No. 740/QD-TTg was issued on June 17, 2019 by the Prime Minister of Government promulgating the Red-Thai Binh River system inter-reservoir operation rules (Operation rules 740) has some shortcomings that need adjustments for higher water use efficiency, meeting downstream water demand and power generation benefits. Through the results of water balance calculation and analysis of economic benefits from water use scenarios, this research proposed adjustment to the inter-reservoir operation during dry season in the Red River system. The result showed that an average water level of 1.0 - 1.7 m should be maintained at Hanoi during the increased release period.
基金PetroChina Research Applied Science and Technology Project,“Shale Gas Scale Increase Production and Exploration andDevelopment Technology-Research and Application of Key Technology of Deep Shale Gas Scale Production”(No.2023ZZ21YJ01).
文摘In the context of post-stimulation shale gas wells,the terms“shut-in”and“flowback”refer to two critical phases that occur after hydraulic fracturing(fracking)has been completed.These stages play a crucial role in determining both the well’s initial production performance and its long-term hydrocarbon recovery.By establishing a comprehensive big data analysis platform,the flowback dynamics of over 1000 shale gas wells were analyzed in this work,leading to the development of an index system for evaluating flowback production capacity.Additionally,a shut-in chart was created for wells with different types of post-stimulation fracture networks,providing a structured approach to optimizing production strategies.A dynamic analysis method for flowback was also developed,using daily pressure drop and artificial fracture conductivity as key indicators.This method offers a systematic and effective approach to managing the shut-in and flowback processes for gas wells.Field trials demonstrated significant improvements:the probability of sand production was reduced,gas breakthrough time was extended,artificial fracture conductivity was enhanced,and the average estimated ultimate recovery(EUR)per well increased.
文摘This paper proposed a method of injection-production system adjustment to solve the problem that the water flooding effect was restricted because of the horizontal and vertical contradictions during the development process of fault block reservoirs. Considering the heterogeneity of reservoir, the Buckley-Leverett water flooding theory was applied to establish the relationship between the recovery and cumulative water injection. In order to achieve the goal of vertically balanced recovery of each section, the calculation method of vertical sectional injection allocation was proposed. The planar triangular seepage unit was assumed and sweep coefficients of different oil-water distribution patterns were characterized using multi-flow tube method. In order to balance and maximize the plane sweep coefficient, the calculation method of plane production system optimization was obtained. Then the injection-production system stereoscopic adjustment method based on equilibrium displacement was proposed with vertical sectional injection allocation and plane production system optimization. This method was applied to injection and production adjustment of BZ oilfield in southern Bohai. The effect of water control and oil increase was obvious. This method can greatly improve the effect of water flooding of offshore fault block reservoirs with the adjustment of injection-production system.
文摘China has a late start in personal income tax, and for many years through six times of revision, it still fails to really achieve the purpose of narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor and adjusting income distribution. What follows is an analysis of personal adjustment tax income from the proportion of Gini coefficient, Engels coefficient and salaried class of personal income tax, and an explanation of problems and countermeasures of salaried class expense deduction standard, tax rate design, high-income crowd tax regulation.
文摘IntroductionOwing to long-time running, more facilities including stations, pipelines, vessels have become corrosive and aged ,some process has grown old, it has exert more burden for the maintenance and repair.Simultaneously, the fluid production rate, oil production rate and water injection rate has changed greatly so that the inflicts and problems from the established surface systems will become more obvious. Energy cost of production and running has increasing continuously. Capacity has been unbalance in systems and areas.
文摘To realize effective co-phasing adjustment in large-aperture sparse-aperture telescopes,a multichannel stripe tracking approach is employed,allowing simultaneous interferometric measurements of multiple optical paths and circumventing the need for pairwise measurements along the mirror boundaries in traditional interferometric methods.This approach enhances detection efficiency and reduces system complexity.Here,the principles of the multibeam interference process and construction of a co-phasing detection module based on direct optical fiber connections were analyzed using wavefront optics theory.Error analysis was conducted on the system surface obtained through multipath interference.Potential applications of the interferometric method were explored.Finally,the principle was verified by experiment,an interferometric fringe contrast better than 0.4 is achieved through flat field calibration and incoherent digital synthesis.The dynamic range of the measurement exceeds 10 times of the center wavelength of the working band(1550 nm).Moreover,a resolution better than one-tenth of the working center wavelength(1550 nm)was achieved.Simultaneous three-beam interference can be achieved,leading to a 50%improvement in detection efficiency.This method can effectively enhance the efficiency of sparse aperture telescope co-phasing,meeting the requirements for observations of 8-10 m telescopes.This study provides a technological foundation for observing distant and faint celestial objects.
