“It be ADJ to V”构式是用于英语写作和日常交流比较常见的一种it-外置结构。本文基于构式语法和英国国家语料库(BNC),通过结合共变搭配词位分析法和对应分析法来考察“it be ADJ to V”构式中形容词与动词之间的语义关系。本文拟解...“It be ADJ to V”构式是用于英语写作和日常交流比较常见的一种it-外置结构。本文基于构式语法和英国国家语料库(BNC),通过结合共变搭配词位分析法和对应分析法来考察“it be ADJ to V”构式中形容词与动词之间的语义关系。本文拟解决以下两个具体问题:(1) 在“it be ADJ to V”构式中,形容词槽位与动词槽位共变词素的搭配强度是多少?(2) 构式中的形容词与动词的搭配强度是如何体现形容词–动词对的语义互动关系的?(3) 形容词与动词之间的语义互动关系揭示了何种语言认知规律?研究结果表明,在“it be ADJ to V”构式中,评价类形容词和正式语域中的情感类动词、认知类形容词与存在或关系类动词之间存在着紧密的语义互动关系。人们在使用这一构式时,搭配使用形容词动力或评价语义和动词认知、体貌、交流语义的认知已经固化。通过探讨形容词–动词对之间的语义互动关系,本文探讨了语言认知规律对词典编纂和英语教学的启示,并为同类研究提供了方法组合的不同见解。展开更多
This paper investigates the phenomenon of imbalance between the frequencies of the nice and Adj and Adj and nice patterns from the perspective of humans’ social and limited-processing-capacity attributes. Humans’ so...This paper investigates the phenomenon of imbalance between the frequencies of the nice and Adj and Adj and nice patterns from the perspective of humans’ social and limited-processing-capacity attributes. Humans’ social attribute requires that language users stay informative with minimal effort in communication, resulting in the from-the-least-to-the-most-informative information organization in discourse. Their limited-processing-capacity attribute requires that they resort to the production biases of "easy first" and "plan reuse" in order to achieve communicative efficiency in real-time production. The analysis of the occurrences of the nice and Adj pattern and native speakers’ judgment of the degree of informativeness of nice in these occurrences suggest that nice is largely delexicalized. Such delexicalization makes nice and Adj consistent with the information organization and allows language users to stay informative with the use of the pattern, thus in line with the social attribute, but not Adj and nice. In the meantime, nice is not only highly frequent but also conceptually salient when it comes to the positive property(Panther & Thornburg, 2009), making nice and Adj easier to produce and more likely to be reused than Adj and nice, thus in line with the limited-processing-capacity attribute. The analysis of the unbalanced frequency of the two patterns suggests that human attributes should be considered when studying language form, and this should offer insights into English learning.展开更多
After a long history of Dark Age of adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer, definite evidences of survival benefit from adjuvant treatment have been reported since 2000 s. These survival benefits are likely attribut...After a long history of Dark Age of adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer, definite evidences of survival benefit from adjuvant treatment have been reported since 2000 s. These survival benefits are likely attributed to something new approach different from pervious studies. In 2001, South West Oncology Group INT0116 trial yielded survival benefit in curatively resected gastric cancer patients with postoperative chemoradiotherapy [5-fluorouracil(5-FU) + Leucovorin + radiotherapy], followed by positive result by MAGIC Trial, employing perioperative(pre- and postoperative chemotherapy with Epirubicin, cisplatin(CDDP), 5-fluorouracil(ECF) regimen in patients with curative resection. A novel drug [S1: ACTS-GC(Adjuvant chemotherapy trial of TS-1 for gastric cancer) in 2007], or new drug combination chemotherapys [CDDP + 5-FU: FNCLCC/FFCD(Federation Nationale des Centres de Lutte contre le cancer/Federation Francophone de Cancerologie Digestive) in 2011, Capecitabine + Oxaliplatin: CLASSIC in 2012] also produced positive results in terms of improved prognosis. Neoadjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy, novel anti-cancer drugs, and chemoradiotherapy might be the key words to develop further improvement in the adjuvant treatment of resectable gastric cancer. Moreover, it is not new but still true to stress the importance of D2 surgery as the baseline treatment in order to minimize the amount of residual tumor after surgery.展开更多
文摘“It be ADJ to V”构式是用于英语写作和日常交流比较常见的一种it-外置结构。本文基于构式语法和英国国家语料库(BNC),通过结合共变搭配词位分析法和对应分析法来考察“it be ADJ to V”构式中形容词与动词之间的语义关系。本文拟解决以下两个具体问题:(1) 在“it be ADJ to V”构式中,形容词槽位与动词槽位共变词素的搭配强度是多少?(2) 构式中的形容词与动词的搭配强度是如何体现形容词–动词对的语义互动关系的?(3) 形容词与动词之间的语义互动关系揭示了何种语言认知规律?研究结果表明,在“it be ADJ to V”构式中,评价类形容词和正式语域中的情感类动词、认知类形容词与存在或关系类动词之间存在着紧密的语义互动关系。人们在使用这一构式时,搭配使用形容词动力或评价语义和动词认知、体貌、交流语义的认知已经固化。通过探讨形容词–动词对之间的语义互动关系,本文探讨了语言认知规律对词典编纂和英语教学的启示,并为同类研究提供了方法组合的不同见解。
文摘This paper investigates the phenomenon of imbalance between the frequencies of the nice and Adj and Adj and nice patterns from the perspective of humans’ social and limited-processing-capacity attributes. Humans’ social attribute requires that language users stay informative with minimal effort in communication, resulting in the from-the-least-to-the-most-informative information organization in discourse. Their limited-processing-capacity attribute requires that they resort to the production biases of "easy first" and "plan reuse" in order to achieve communicative efficiency in real-time production. The analysis of the occurrences of the nice and Adj pattern and native speakers’ judgment of the degree of informativeness of nice in these occurrences suggest that nice is largely delexicalized. Such delexicalization makes nice and Adj consistent with the information organization and allows language users to stay informative with the use of the pattern, thus in line with the social attribute, but not Adj and nice. In the meantime, nice is not only highly frequent but also conceptually salient when it comes to the positive property(Panther & Thornburg, 2009), making nice and Adj easier to produce and more likely to be reused than Adj and nice, thus in line with the limited-processing-capacity attribute. The analysis of the unbalanced frequency of the two patterns suggests that human attributes should be considered when studying language form, and this should offer insights into English learning.
文摘After a long history of Dark Age of adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer, definite evidences of survival benefit from adjuvant treatment have been reported since 2000 s. These survival benefits are likely attributed to something new approach different from pervious studies. In 2001, South West Oncology Group INT0116 trial yielded survival benefit in curatively resected gastric cancer patients with postoperative chemoradiotherapy [5-fluorouracil(5-FU) + Leucovorin + radiotherapy], followed by positive result by MAGIC Trial, employing perioperative(pre- and postoperative chemotherapy with Epirubicin, cisplatin(CDDP), 5-fluorouracil(ECF) regimen in patients with curative resection. A novel drug [S1: ACTS-GC(Adjuvant chemotherapy trial of TS-1 for gastric cancer) in 2007], or new drug combination chemotherapys [CDDP + 5-FU: FNCLCC/FFCD(Federation Nationale des Centres de Lutte contre le cancer/Federation Francophone de Cancerologie Digestive) in 2011, Capecitabine + Oxaliplatin: CLASSIC in 2012] also produced positive results in terms of improved prognosis. Neoadjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy, novel anti-cancer drugs, and chemoradiotherapy might be the key words to develop further improvement in the adjuvant treatment of resectable gastric cancer. Moreover, it is not new but still true to stress the importance of D2 surgery as the baseline treatment in order to minimize the amount of residual tumor after surgery.
