BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis,primarily due to its late diagnosis.Current gold-standard diagnostic methods,such as tissue histopathological examination,are inva...BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis,primarily due to its late diagnosis.Current gold-standard diagnostic methods,such as tissue histopathological examination,are invasive and carry risks of complications(e.g.,bleeding,infection,pancreatic fistula),limiting their routine use.Serum tumor markers[carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA-19-9),carcinoem-bryonic antigen(CEA)]have been widely studied for non-invasive screening,but their single use lacks sufficient sensitivity and specificity for early detection.Emerging research suggests that inflammatory and stromal-related molecules,such as soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1)(involved in tumor cell adhesion and metastasis)and chitinase-3-like protein 1(CHI3 L1)(a marker of tissue remodeling and inflammation),may complement traditional markers in improving diagnostic accuracy.However,their combined utility in pancreatic cancer diagnosis,particularly for differentiating early-stage tumors,remains unclear.AIM To explore the application value of serum tumor markers(CA-19-9,CEA)and serum sICAM-1 and CHI3 L1 in the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.METHODS From October 2021 to October 2024,51 patients with pancreatic cancer were selected for the pancreatic cancer group,and 51 healthy examinees were selected for the healthy group during the same period.The value of serum tumor markers in combination with serum sICAM-1 and CHI3 L1 for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer was assessed.RESULTS Comparison of age,gender,body mass index,and drinking and smoking histories between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05);serum tumor marker(CA-19-9,CEA),serum sICAM-1 and CHI3 L1 levels were higher in the pancreatic cancer group(P<0.05);pancreatic cancer patients of stage II had higher serum tumor marker(CA-19-9,CEA),serum sICAM-1,and CHI3 L1 values(P<0.05);serum tumor markers,serum sICAM-1,and CHI3 L1 were positively correlated with pancreatic cancer(P<0.05)and showed a positive correlation with stage I and stage II.Pancreatic cancer showed a positive correlation(P<0.05);multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that serum tumor markers(CA-19-9,CEA),serum sICAM-1 and CHI3 L1 were independent risk factors for pancreatic cancer(P<0.05);serum tumor markers(CA-19-9,CEA),serum sICAM-1,serum tumor marker(CA-19-9,CEA)and serum sICAM-1 and CHI3 L1 had area under the curves(AUCs)of 0.750,0.724,0.585,and 0.562 for pancreatic cancer diagnosis,respectively;AUCs for stage I diagnosis were 0.766,0.752,0.622,and 0.572 and for stage II diagnosis were 0.783,0.758,0.626,and 0.671,respectively,and the AUCs for the combined diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,stage I pancreatic cancer,and stage II pancreatic cancer were 0.782,0.824,and 0.862,respectively(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combined detection of serum tumor markers with serum sICAM-1 and serum CHI3 L1 can significantly improve the accuracy and sensitivity of the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and its different stages.展开更多
BACKGROUND After vaccination was mandated worldwide,various adverse effects associated with the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination,including shoulder pain,have been reported.Here,we report a case of new-ons...BACKGROUND After vaccination was mandated worldwide,various adverse effects associated with the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination,including shoulder pain,have been reported.Here,we report a case of new-onset shoulder pain after BNT162b2(Comirnaty,Pfizer-BioNTech)mRNA vaccination.CASE SUMMARY A 50-year-old man visited our rehabilitation center with left shoulder range of motion(ROM)limitation that had persisted for more than 5 mo.The history included no specific noteworthy events,except vaccination.The pain in the patient’s left deltoid muscle appeared 1 day after the second BNT162b2 vaccination and intensified to severe pain.The patient self-administered aspirin,with which the pain subsided immediately,whereas ROM limitation persisted.At the first visit,the patient complained of dull pain and ROM restriction of the left shoulder(flexion 130°,abduction 110°,and external rotation 40°).Among the diagnostic studies conducted for the evaluation of the shoulder,magnetic resonance imaging showed a thickened coracohumeral ligament.Nerve conduction studies and needle electromyography showed no electrodiagnostic abnormalities.The patient received comprehensive rehabilitation for 7 mo and had an overall improvement in pain and ROM of the left shoulder.CONCLUSION In this case of severe shoulder pain after COVID-19 vaccination that subsided immediately with aspirin treatment,the exact cause and mechanism of pain are unclear.However,the clinical symptoms and diagnostic workups in our report suggest the possibility that the COVID-19 vaccination triggered an immunochemical response that resulted in shoulder pathology.展开更多
Human ADAM19 is a recently identified member of the ADAM family.It is highly expressed in human placentas,but its dynamic change and function at the human feto-maternal interface during placentation remain to be eluci...Human ADAM19 is a recently identified member of the ADAM family.It is highly expressed in human placentas,but its dynamic change and function at the human feto-maternal interface during placentation remain to be elucidated.In this present study,the spatial and temporal expression and cellular localization of ADAM19 in normal human placentas were first demonstrated,and the effects of ADAM19 on trophoblast cell adhesion and invasion were further investigated by using a human choriocarcinoma cell line(JEG-3) as an in vitro model.The data demonstrated that ADAM19 was widely distributed in villous cytotrophoblast cells,syncytiotrophoblast cells,column trophoblasts,and villous capillary endothelial cells during early pregnancy.The mRNA and protein level of ADAM19 in placentas was high at gestational weeks 8-9,but diminished significantly at mid-and term pregnancy.In JEG-3 cells,the overexpression of ADAM19 led to diminished cell invasion,as well as increases in cell adhesiveness and the expression of E-cadherin,with no changes in β-catenin expression observed.These data indicate that ADAM19 may participate in the coordinated regulation of human trophoblast cell behaviors during the process of placentation.展开更多
The process of apoptotic cell death for maintenance of cell homeostasis is now believed to be flexible. To examine the mechanism for this flexibility, the process of programmed cell death is sometimes divided into thr...The process of apoptotic cell death for maintenance of cell homeostasis is now believed to be flexible. To examine the mechanism for this flexibility, the process of programmed cell death is sometimes divided into three phases: initiation, effector and execution. We have demonstrated that apoptotic cells commonly express a de novo synthesized C5a receptor (C5aR), which belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. A natural agnostic ligand of the C5aR, C5a, is produced from plasma C5 by C5 convertase in the early phase of acute inflammation. Although it is not realistic, we found that C5a can adjust apoptotic cell lifespan long. We recently have read interesting reports that apoptotic cells can release natural agnostic ligands at the initiation phase and corresponding GPCRs are already expressed on cell surfaces of apoptotic cells. Conversely, we found that apoptotic cells commonly release an alternative antagonistic/agnostic ligand of the de novo synthesized C5aR, ribosomal protein S19 (RP S19) polymer. The RP S19 polymer can adjust apoptotic cell lifespan short. Importantly, the C5a-dependent regulation is limited by the C5aR sensitization, but the RP S19 polymer-dependent regulation is unlimited by the C5aR desensitization. Therefore, we suggested that apoptotic cells commonly release agnostic ligands in the initiation phase that should lengthen intermittently a period of the initiation phase. Next, apoptotic cells commonly release antagonistic/agnostic ligands in the effector phase that should continue shortening a period of the effector phase. In addition, we know that an inherited erythroblastopenia is associated with mutations in the RP S19 gene. However, the roles of RP S19 in the formation of erythroblast-macrophage islands are not clearly understood. We recently have found that a different arm that the RP S19 polymer has connects the de novo synthesized C5aR on erythroblasts and the generally expressed C5aR on macrophages. Therefore, we suggested that apoptotic cells commonly release antagonistic/agnostic ligands in the execution phase that should continue connecting apoptotic cells and macrophages in the execution phase for shortening a period of the execution phase. In this review, we introduce new aspects of the C5aR in apoptotic cells and discuss the effects of the long lifespan of apoptotic cell-like neutrophils on the development of periodontitis.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis,primarily due to its late diagnosis.Current gold-standard diagnostic methods,such as tissue histopathological examination,are invasive and carry risks of complications(e.g.,bleeding,infection,pancreatic fistula),limiting their routine use.Serum tumor markers[carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA-19-9),carcinoem-bryonic antigen(CEA)]have been widely studied for non-invasive screening,but their single use lacks sufficient sensitivity and specificity for early detection.Emerging research suggests that inflammatory and stromal-related molecules,such as soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1)(involved in tumor cell adhesion and metastasis)and chitinase-3-like protein 1(CHI3 L1)(a marker of tissue remodeling and inflammation),may complement traditional markers in improving diagnostic accuracy.However,their combined utility in pancreatic cancer diagnosis,particularly for differentiating early-stage tumors,remains unclear.AIM To explore the application value of serum tumor markers(CA-19-9,CEA)and serum sICAM-1 and CHI3 L1 in the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.METHODS From October 2021 to October 2024,51 patients with pancreatic cancer were selected for the pancreatic cancer group,and 51 healthy examinees were selected for the healthy group during the same period.The value of serum tumor markers in combination with serum sICAM-1 and CHI3 L1 for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer was assessed.RESULTS Comparison of age,gender,body mass index,and drinking and smoking histories between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05);serum tumor marker(CA-19-9,CEA),serum sICAM-1 and CHI3 L1 levels were higher in the pancreatic cancer group(P<0.05);pancreatic cancer patients of stage II had higher serum tumor marker(CA-19-9,CEA),serum sICAM-1,and CHI3 L1 values(P<0.05);serum tumor markers,serum sICAM-1,and CHI3 L1 were positively correlated with pancreatic cancer(P<0.05)and showed a positive correlation with stage I and stage II.Pancreatic cancer showed a positive correlation(P<0.05);multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that serum tumor markers(CA-19-9,CEA),serum sICAM-1 and CHI3 L1 were independent risk factors for pancreatic cancer(P<0.05);serum tumor markers(CA-19-9,CEA),serum sICAM-1,serum tumor marker(CA-19-9,CEA)and serum sICAM-1 and CHI3 L1 had area under the curves(AUCs)of 0.750,0.724,0.585,and 0.562 for pancreatic cancer diagnosis,respectively;AUCs for stage I diagnosis were 0.766,0.752,0.622,and 0.572 and for stage II diagnosis were 0.783,0.758,0.626,and 0.671,respectively,and the AUCs for the combined diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,stage I pancreatic cancer,and stage II pancreatic cancer were 0.782,0.824,and 0.862,respectively(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combined detection of serum tumor markers with serum sICAM-1 and serum CHI3 L1 can significantly improve the accuracy and sensitivity of the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and its different stages.
文摘BACKGROUND After vaccination was mandated worldwide,various adverse effects associated with the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccination,including shoulder pain,have been reported.Here,we report a case of new-onset shoulder pain after BNT162b2(Comirnaty,Pfizer-BioNTech)mRNA vaccination.CASE SUMMARY A 50-year-old man visited our rehabilitation center with left shoulder range of motion(ROM)limitation that had persisted for more than 5 mo.The history included no specific noteworthy events,except vaccination.The pain in the patient’s left deltoid muscle appeared 1 day after the second BNT162b2 vaccination and intensified to severe pain.The patient self-administered aspirin,with which the pain subsided immediately,whereas ROM limitation persisted.At the first visit,the patient complained of dull pain and ROM restriction of the left shoulder(flexion 130°,abduction 110°,and external rotation 40°).Among the diagnostic studies conducted for the evaluation of the shoulder,magnetic resonance imaging showed a thickened coracohumeral ligament.Nerve conduction studies and needle electromyography showed no electrodiagnostic abnormalities.The patient received comprehensive rehabilitation for 7 mo and had an overall improvement in pain and ROM of the left shoulder.CONCLUSION In this case of severe shoulder pain after COVID-19 vaccination that subsided immediately with aspirin treatment,the exact cause and mechanism of pain are unclear.However,the clinical symptoms and diagnostic workups in our report suggest the possibility that the COVID-19 vaccination triggered an immunochemical response that resulted in shoulder pathology.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30530760)the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KSCX2-YW-R-53)a Program Enhancement Grant and Developing Scholar Award from Florida State University to Dr. QXA Sang
文摘Human ADAM19 is a recently identified member of the ADAM family.It is highly expressed in human placentas,but its dynamic change and function at the human feto-maternal interface during placentation remain to be elucidated.In this present study,the spatial and temporal expression and cellular localization of ADAM19 in normal human placentas were first demonstrated,and the effects of ADAM19 on trophoblast cell adhesion and invasion were further investigated by using a human choriocarcinoma cell line(JEG-3) as an in vitro model.The data demonstrated that ADAM19 was widely distributed in villous cytotrophoblast cells,syncytiotrophoblast cells,column trophoblasts,and villous capillary endothelial cells during early pregnancy.The mRNA and protein level of ADAM19 in placentas was high at gestational weeks 8-9,but diminished significantly at mid-and term pregnancy.In JEG-3 cells,the overexpression of ADAM19 led to diminished cell invasion,as well as increases in cell adhesiveness and the expression of E-cadherin,with no changes in β-catenin expression observed.These data indicate that ADAM19 may participate in the coordinated regulation of human trophoblast cell behaviors during the process of placentation.
文摘The process of apoptotic cell death for maintenance of cell homeostasis is now believed to be flexible. To examine the mechanism for this flexibility, the process of programmed cell death is sometimes divided into three phases: initiation, effector and execution. We have demonstrated that apoptotic cells commonly express a de novo synthesized C5a receptor (C5aR), which belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family. A natural agnostic ligand of the C5aR, C5a, is produced from plasma C5 by C5 convertase in the early phase of acute inflammation. Although it is not realistic, we found that C5a can adjust apoptotic cell lifespan long. We recently have read interesting reports that apoptotic cells can release natural agnostic ligands at the initiation phase and corresponding GPCRs are already expressed on cell surfaces of apoptotic cells. Conversely, we found that apoptotic cells commonly release an alternative antagonistic/agnostic ligand of the de novo synthesized C5aR, ribosomal protein S19 (RP S19) polymer. The RP S19 polymer can adjust apoptotic cell lifespan short. Importantly, the C5a-dependent regulation is limited by the C5aR sensitization, but the RP S19 polymer-dependent regulation is unlimited by the C5aR desensitization. Therefore, we suggested that apoptotic cells commonly release agnostic ligands in the initiation phase that should lengthen intermittently a period of the initiation phase. Next, apoptotic cells commonly release antagonistic/agnostic ligands in the effector phase that should continue shortening a period of the effector phase. In addition, we know that an inherited erythroblastopenia is associated with mutations in the RP S19 gene. However, the roles of RP S19 in the formation of erythroblast-macrophage islands are not clearly understood. We recently have found that a different arm that the RP S19 polymer has connects the de novo synthesized C5aR on erythroblasts and the generally expressed C5aR on macrophages. Therefore, we suggested that apoptotic cells commonly release antagonistic/agnostic ligands in the execution phase that should continue connecting apoptotic cells and macrophages in the execution phase for shortening a period of the execution phase. In this review, we introduce new aspects of the C5aR in apoptotic cells and discuss the effects of the long lifespan of apoptotic cell-like neutrophils on the development of periodontitis.
